JP3233915B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents
Seismic isolation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3233915B2 JP3233915B2 JP25104099A JP25104099A JP3233915B2 JP 3233915 B2 JP3233915 B2 JP 3233915B2 JP 25104099 A JP25104099 A JP 25104099A JP 25104099 A JP25104099 A JP 25104099A JP 3233915 B2 JP3233915 B2 JP 3233915B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- seismic isolation
- isolation device
- center
- support
- axle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、主として中軽量の
建築物、構築物、機械、設備、器物等における地震動に
対する免震装置の改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a seismic isolation device for a seismic motion mainly in a medium- and light-weight building, structure, machine, equipment, equipment and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、発生した地震動によって建築物、
構築物、機械、設備、器物等の損壊を防止するために例
えば下記各種の免震装置が開発されている（建築物等を
被支持体とし、基礎等を支持体として説明する）。 （イ） 被支持体と支持体間に各種積層ゴムを介在させ
た免震装置がある（社団法人 発明協会発行「発明」１
９９５年６月号第２５〜２８頁記載）。 （ロ） 被支持体の荷重を支持して支持体に伝達する中
間体を設け、中間体を複数個のつる巻ばねにより所定方
向に振動可能に支持するか、又はこれにオイルダンパー
等のダンパーを併用した構造の免震装置がある。 （ハ） 支持体上に湾曲面の支持部材を取付け、被支持
体をリテーナー等によって規制保持された支持部材上を
転動可能な球体又はころによって支持した構造の免震装
置がある（以下ころタイプと略称する）。 （ニ） 本発明者によって開発された、支持体上に湾曲
面の案内部材を取付け、被支持体を軸線回りに転動可能
な転動体によって支持する構造の免震装置がある（特公
平６−７４６０９号公報記載、以下車輪タイプと略称す
る）。 これら免震装置を使用する場合には、免震装置を支持体
と被支持体間に被支持体の重量や形状に応じ複数個を並
べたり、直交して二段重ねにしたりしている。前記従来
の技術のうち、（イ）（ロ）の例では、被支持体の重量
によって免震性能が異なるため、重量が変わったとき積
層ゴム、ばね等を最適なものに合わせる必要があり、設
計の自由度が低い。一方、（ハ）（ニ）の例では、転動
体を用いており、変位状態での復元力が被支持体の重量
に比例し、固有振動数は重量に無関係であり、長周期の
地震動に対しても効果的に免震を行なうことができ、設
計上の自由度が高いという特徴を有している。このうち
（ハ）の例は、転動体として支持体と被支持体の間の上
部レールと下部レール間に球又はころを介在せしめて免
震装置としているので、地震動に安定的に対応するため
にはレール長さは比較的短くて済む。しかし、球又はこ
ろ単独では積極的に減衰力が生じないので別途減衰力の
付加装置を備える必要があり、更にころ又は球が脱落し
たり、上下に挟んだ凹状面にデッドロック状態に陥るこ
とがあり球又はころの動きを制約する枠体やリンクを付
加する等構造が複雑で、保守に余分な手間が必要であ
る。一方（ニ）の例は、転動体として支持体と被支持体
の間に介在する一本のレールに転動可能な車軸回りに回
動する車輪を用いた免震装置としているので、車輪と車
軸の摩擦が減衰力として有効に作用するため、特別な減
衰装置を必要としなが、地震動に安定的に対応するため
にはレール全長は前記（ハ）の２倍に選定する必要があ
るので装置がやや大型化するものの、構造が簡単であり
保守に余分な手間を必要とせず、一般家庭品、ＯＡ機
器、医療機器、美術品等の器物の軽荷重用から、建築
物、構築物、機械、設備等の中乃至重荷重用まで、幅広
く適応できる特徴を有している。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, buildings,
For example, the following various seismic isolation devices have been developed in order to prevent damage to structures, machines, equipment, objects, and the like (a building or the like is used as a supported body, and a foundation or the like is used as a support). (B) There is a seismic isolation device in which various types of laminated rubber are interposed between the supported member and the support member.
June 995, pages 25-28). (B) An intermediate body for supporting the load of the supported body and transmitting the load to the support body is provided, and the intermediate body is supported by a plurality of helical springs so as to be able to vibrate in a predetermined direction, or a damper such as an oil damper is provided on the intermediate body. There is a seismic isolation device with a structure that combines (C) There is a seismic isolation device having a structure in which a support member having a curved surface is mounted on a support, and the supported member is supported by rolling spheres or rollers on the support member regulated and held by a retainer or the like (hereinafter referred to as a roller). Type). (D) There is a seismic isolation device developed by the present inventor that has a structure in which a guide member having a curved surface is mounted on a support, and the supported member is supported by a rolling element that can roll around an axis (Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6 (1994)). -74609, hereinafter abbreviated as wheel type). When these seismic isolation devices are used, a plurality of the seismic isolation devices are arranged between the support and the supported member according to the weight and shape of the supported member, or are arranged in two layers at right angles. Among the above conventional techniques, in the examples (a) and (b), since the seismic isolation performance differs depending on the weight of the supported body, it is necessary to match the laminated rubber, the spring, and the like to the optimal one when the weight changes. Low degree of freedom in design. On the other hand, in the examples (c) and (d), the rolling element is used, and the restoring force in the displaced state is proportional to the weight of the supported body, and the natural frequency is independent of the weight. It also has the feature that seismic isolation can be performed effectively, and the degree of freedom in design is high. In the example of (c), the ball or roller is interposed between the upper rail and the lower rail between the support and the supported body as the rolling element to use as a seismic isolation device. Requires a relatively short rail length. However, since the ball or roller alone does not actively generate damping force, it is necessary to provide a separate damping force adding device, and the roller or ball may fall off or fall into a deadlock state on the concave surface sandwiched vertically. There is a complicated structure such as adding a frame or a link that restricts the movement of the ball or the roller, and requires extra labor for maintenance. On the other hand, the example (d) is a seismic isolation device using wheels that rotate around an axle that can roll on a single rail interposed between the support and the supported member as rolling elements. No special damping device is required because the friction of the axle effectively acts as a damping force. However, in order to respond stably to seismic motion, the total rail length must be selected to be twice that of (c) above. Although the equipment is slightly larger, it has a simple structure and does not require extra labor for maintenance. It can be used for general household goods, office automation equipment, medical equipment, fine arts, etc. It has features that can be widely applied to medium to heavy loads for equipment and the like.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記（ニ）特公平６−
７４６０９号公報記載の免震装置のうち特に建築物、構
築物、機械、設備等向けとして、略十字形の結合部材に
固着された４本の軸回りに４個の回動する車輪を設け、
そのうちの対向する一方の２個の車輪を支持体に固着さ
れた上向き凹状のレールに転動可能とし、直角方向の対
向する他方の２個の車輪を被支持体に固着され前記上向
き凹状のレールと直交する下向き凹状のレールに転動可
能とし被支持体の荷重に合わせ複数個を組合わせた免震
装置がある（特公平６−７４６０９号公報 第４ページ
左欄第２１〜５０行目、図２０〜２２記載）。この免震
装置では、一方向地震動発生の際には、各レールと転動
可能とされている各２個の車輪間に不可避的に存在する
ガタは各レール及び車輪のフランジが２点で押さえられ
るのみであり、被支持体の重心位置と免震装置の中心位
置のアンバランスに起因して十字形の結合部材の垂直中
心軸線回り回転力が生じて回動する所謂ヨーイング現象
が発生し被支持体側に不快感を与える場合があるという
課題を有していた。これに対し本発明は、車輪タイプと
して摩擦を減衰力として有効に作用せしめ余分な減衰力
の付加装置を必要とせず、被支持体の重量変化に対し免
震性能が変わらない上に、簡易な構造、低コストでヨー
イングの発生を防止することが可能で、主として建築
物、構築物、機械、設備、器物等の中軽量荷重向けとし
て好適な免震装置を得ることを目的とする。Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Of the seismic isolation devices described in 74609, especially for buildings, structures, machines, facilities, etc., four rotating wheels are provided around four axes fixed to a substantially cross-shaped connecting member,
One of the two opposite wheels is allowed to roll on an upward concave rail fixed to the support, and the other two opposite wheels in the right angle direction are fixed to the supported body, and the upward concave rail is fixed. There is a seismic isolation device that is capable of rolling on a downwardly concave rail perpendicular to the base and combining a plurality of them in accordance with the load of the supported body (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-74609, page 4, left column, lines 21 to 50, 20-22). With this seismic isolation device, in the event of a one-way seismic motion, the backlash inevitably existing between each rail and each of the two rollable wheels is held by the flanges of each rail and wheel at two points. And the so-called yawing phenomenon occurs in which the cross-shaped coupling member rotates around the vertical center axis due to imbalance between the center of gravity of the supported member and the center position of the seismic isolation device. There has been a problem that the support may be uncomfortable. On the other hand, the present invention does not require an additional device for adding extra damping force by effectively acting friction as a damping force as a wheel type. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a seismic isolation device which can prevent yawing at a low cost and is suitable for medium and light loads such as buildings, structures, machines, facilities, and objects.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記目的を達
成するために、請求項１の発明にあっては、支持体と被
支持体間に介在して装着され、前記支持体側に間隔をお
いて平行に固設され振動域の中央部が最低部分をなす凹
状の一対の下部レールと、前記下部レールに直交し前記
被支持体側に間隔をおいて平行に固設され振動域の中央
部が最高部分をなす凹状の一対の上部レールと、前記各
レールに各一対を組として装着され少なくとも片側にフ
ランジが形成された８個の車輪及び該車輪を回動可能に
軸支する車軸と、基準状態において前記各レールに囲繞
された空間中央部に配設され平面視において直角に交差
して十字形に延びた交差基部と該交差基部の先端側より
軸芯が同一水平面上におかれて突設された４本の中心軸
部とを有する結合部材と、一対を間隔を保持して向合わ
せた支持材４組の車軸支持部とを包含し、前記支持材の
中央部に前記中心軸部が回動可能に装着され該支持材の
両端部に前記車軸が該中心軸部の軸芯と平行して固着さ
れ、地震動により前記各車輪が前記各車軸回りに回動し
つつ前記各レールに沿って転動し前記車軸支持部は前記
中心軸部軸芯回りに揺動可能とされている免震装置によ
り解決した。請求項２の発明にあっては、請求項１に記
載の免震装置において、交差基部の先端側より突設され
た同方向の中心軸部軸芯を含む水平面が上下間隔をとっ
ておかれている免震装置とすることができる。請求項３
の発明にあっては、結合部材が、基準状態において前記
各レールに囲繞された空間中央部に配設された筒状又は
柱状の中心部材と、平面視において直角に交差し前記中
心部材の各壁面を貫通して固着され該中心部材の中心部
より十字形に延びた交差基部と、前記交差基部先端に固
着された４本の中心軸部とを有する請求項１又は２に記
載の免震装置とすることができる。請求項４の発明にあ
っては、結合部材が、基準状態において前記各レールに
囲繞された空間中央部に配設され水平におかれた板状体
の中心部材と、平面視において直角に交差し上下に軸芯
間隔をおいて前記中心部材の上下面に固着され該中心部
材の中心部より十字形に延びた交差基部と、前記交差基
部先端に固着された４本の中心軸部とを有する請求項２
に記載の免震装置とすることができる。請求項５の発明
にあっては、請求項３又は４に記載の免震装置におい
て、結合部材の中心軸部の基軸部が各交差基部の軸芯部
に穿設された孔に回動可能に挿着され、支持材の中央部
に前記中心軸部の両外側が固着され、地震動により各車
輪が各車軸回りに回動しつつ前記各レールに沿って転動
し車軸支持部は前記中心軸部と一体で前記交差基部の軸
芯回りに揺動可能とされている免震装置とすることがで
きる。請求項６の発明にあっては、請求項１〜５のいず
れかに記載の免震装置において、車軸支持部の支持材と
して側面視において断面略Ｕ字形材を用い、又は平面視
において一対の断面略コ字形材を背中合わせにし開口部
を両端部において形成した免震装置とすることができ
る。請求項７の発明にあっては、請求項１〜５のいずれ
かに記載の免震装置において、車軸支持部の支持材を各
一個とし該支持材に一対の平行する車軸を片持ちで固着
し、前記各車軸に各車輪を回動可能に装着した免震装置
とすることができる。請求項８の発明にあっては、車輪
に形成されたフランジに代えて各レールの少なくとも片
側端部に突出するフランジが形成されている請求項１〜
７のいずれかに記載の免震装置とすることができる。請
求項９の発明にあっては、請求項１〜８のいずれかに記
載の免震装置において、相互に回動又は揺動する各構成
部材間のいずれかに別体の軸受けを介在させた免震装置
とするのが好ましい。According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is mounted so as to be interposed between a supporting body and a supported body, and a space is provided between the supporting body and the supporting body. A pair of concave lower rails which are fixed parallel to each other and whose center part of the vibration region is the lowest part, and a center of the vibration region which is fixed perpendicularly to the lower rail and parallel to the supported member side at an interval. A pair of concave upper rails each of which forms a highest part, eight wheels each of which is mounted as a pair on each of the rails, a flange is formed on at least one side, and an axle rotatably supporting the wheels. In the reference state, the base is disposed at the center of the space surrounded by each of the rails, crosses at right angles in plan view and extends in a cross shape, and the axis is located on the same horizontal plane from the tip end side of the base. With four central shafts protruding Material, and four sets of axle support portions that face each other with a pair kept at an interval, and the center shaft portion is rotatably mounted at the center of the support material, and both ends of the support material The axle is fixed in parallel with the axis of the center shaft portion, and the respective wheels roll along the respective rails while rotating around the respective axles due to seismic motion. The problem was solved by a seismic isolation device that can swing around the axis of the shaft. According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation device according to the first aspect, a horizontal plane including a central axis portion axial center of the same direction protruding from a front end side of the intersection base portion is spaced vertically. Seismic isolation device. Claim 3
In the invention, the coupling member intersects at right angles in plan view with the cylindrical or columnar central member disposed in the center of the space surrounded by the respective rails in the reference state, and each of the central members The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, further comprising a cross base fixedly penetrating through a wall surface and extending in a cross shape from a center of the center member, and four center shafts fixed to a tip of the cross base. It can be a device. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the connecting member intersects at right angles in plan view with the central member of the plate-shaped body disposed in the center of the space surrounded by the rails in the reference state and placed horizontally. A cross base fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the center member at an axial center interval and extending in a cross shape from the center of the center member, and four center shafts fixed to the tip of the cross base. Claim 2
The seismic isolation device described in. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation device according to the third or fourth aspect, the base shaft portion of the central shaft portion of the coupling member is rotatable into a hole formed in the shaft core portion of each intersection base portion. The center shaft portion is fixed to both outsides at the center of the support material, and each wheel rolls along each rail while rotating around each axle by seismic motion, and the axle support portion is positioned at the center. The seismic isolation device can be configured to be swingable about the axis of the cross base integrally with the shaft. In the invention according to claim 6, in the seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a substantially U-shaped member is used as a support member of the axle support portion in a side view, or a pair of members is used in a plan view. A seismic isolation device having a substantially U-shaped cross section back to back and openings formed at both ends can be provided. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the support member of the axle support portion is one, and a pair of parallel axles is fixed to the support member in a cantilever manner. In addition, a seismic isolation device in which each wheel is rotatably mounted on each axle can be provided. According to the invention of claim 8, a flange is formed at at least one end of each rail instead of the flange formed on the wheel.
7 can be provided. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, a separate bearing is interposed between any of the constituent members that rotate or swing each other. It is preferable to use a seismic isolation device.
【０００５】本発明の各構成要素のうち、共通するもの
について説明する。支持体としては、免震装置が固定で
きるものであればよく、例えば、床・基礎若しくはこれ
らの上の定着物・固着物又は構造物等がある。被支持体
としては、特に限定はないが主としてく例えば戸建住
宅、集合住宅、ビル、電算機、機械、設備等の中量又は
重量物が対象となる。レールの材質としては、金属、堅
木、硬質プラスチック、ＦＲＰ、ガラス、セラミック等
が用い得るが、耐荷重から最も汎用されるのは炭素鋼又
はステンレス鋼で、被支持体の重量や使用条件によって
材質及びサイズが選択される。レールの凹状の形状は、
特に限定はないが、所望のばね常数を得るため鉛直切断
面を地震非作動時の基準状態で振動域の中央部が最低又
は最高部分をなし通常対称形状の例えば円弧、放物線、
双曲線、直線等の単独又は組み合わせで曲率一定又は可
変としたものが用いられ、地震非作動時においては被支
持体が最低レベル位置である基準状態にあるように選択
されている。復元力の特性としては、例えば特公平６−
７４６０９号公報記載の通りのものが用いられる。振動
域とは転動体が地震動により転動する領域をさし、振動
域のいずれかの端部に続いて外れた位置に地震動が発生
しない場合予め転動体を静止可能に支持する静止域例え
ばくぼみ等を有するレールの構成とすることもある。車
輪、車軸、支持材及び結合部材の材質としては、金属、
セラミック又は硬質プラスチック等が用い得るが、最も
汎用されるのは炭素鋼又はステンレス鋼であり、被支持
体の重量や使用条件によって材質及びサイズが選択され
る。車輪には脱輪防止のフランジがリム一側若しくはリ
ムの両側にすなわち少なくとも片側に形成されているこ
とが必要である。又車輪にフランジを設けずに各レール
の少なくとも片側端部に突出するフランジを形成するこ
ととしてもよい。相互に回動又は揺動する各構成部材間
例えば車輪及び車軸間に用いられる軸受けとしては、一
般的な滑り軸受け、転がり軸受け等の材料が用い得るが
無給油軸受けとするのが好ましく、ナイロンや弗素樹脂
等のプラスチック、含油材、固体潤滑材等の減摩材を介
在したり、他と接触を生じても減摩作用が得られるよう
に車輪又は車軸等の各構成部材のいずれかの少なくとも
表面に減摩材を被覆したりしてもよい。各車輪と車軸等
の各構成部材間には別体の軸受けを介在させると安定し
た摩擦が得られるので好ましいが、軽荷重の場合や車輪
と車軸等の構成部材に硬質プラスチックを用いた場合に
は別体の軸受けを介在させずに車輪と車軸等の各構成部
材を直接摺動可能としてもよい。[0005] Among the constituent elements of the present invention, common ones will be described. The support may be any as long as the seismic isolation device can be fixed, and examples thereof include a floor, a foundation, and a fixed material, a fixed material, or a structure thereon. The substrate to be supported is not particularly limited, but is mainly a detached house, a multi-family house, a building, a computer, a machine, a medium-sized or heavy object, and the like. As the material of the rail, metal, hardwood, hard plastic, FRP, glass, ceramic, etc. can be used, but carbon steel or stainless steel is most commonly used from the load bearing capacity, depending on the weight of the supported body and the use conditions. The material and size are selected. The concave shape of the rail is
Although there is no particular limitation, in order to obtain a desired spring constant, the center of the vibration area forms the lowest or highest part in the reference state at the time of non-operation of the earthquake, and usually has a symmetrical shape such as an arc, a parabola,
A hyperbolic curve, a straight line, or the like having a constant or variable curvature alone or in combination is used, and is selected so that the supported member is in the reference state at the lowest level position when the earthquake is not operating. As the characteristics of the restoring force, for example,
What is described in 74609 is used. Vibration zone refers to the area where the rolling element rolls due to seismic motion.If no seismic motion occurs at any position following the end of the vibration area, a static area, such as a depression, in which the rolling element is supported in advance so that it can be stopped. There may be a configuration of a rail having the same. Materials for the wheels, axles, supports and connecting members include metals,
Ceramic or hard plastic can be used, but most commonly used is carbon steel or stainless steel, and the material and size are selected according to the weight of the supported member and the use conditions. It is necessary that the wheel has a flange for preventing the wheel from coming off, which is formed on one side of the rim or on both sides of the rim, that is, on at least one side. Alternatively, a flange may be formed at at least one end of each rail without providing a flange on the wheel. As a bearing used between the components that rotate or swing with each other, for example, between the wheel and the axle, a general sliding bearing, a material such as a rolling bearing can be used, but it is preferable to use an oil-free bearing, and nylon or the like. At least one of the components such as wheels or axles so that a lubricating effect can be obtained even if lubricating materials such as plastics such as fluororesin, oil-impregnated materials, and solid lubricating materials are interposed or come into contact with others. The surface may be coated with an anti-friction material. It is preferable to provide a separate bearing between each wheel and each component such as the axle because stable friction can be obtained.However, in the case of a light load or when a hard plastic is used for the components such as the wheel and the axle. Alternatively, each component such as a wheel and an axle may be directly slidable without a separate bearing.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づ
き説明する。図１は、本発明の免震装置の第１例で基準
状態における（ａ）上部レールとその上を除いた平面
図、（ｂ）正面図である。図２は、図１の免震装置第１
例の端部車輪回りの部分拡大図で（ａ）左半分断面のＢ
・Ｂ方向平面図、（ｂ）左半分断面のＡ・Ａ方向正面
図、（ｃ）側面図である。図３は、本発明の免震装置の
第２例で基準状態における（ａ）上部レールとその上を
除いた平面図、（ｂ）正面図である。図４は、図３の免
震装置第２例の端部車輪回りの部分拡大図で（ａ）左半
分断面のＥ・Ｅ方向平面図、（ｂ）左半分断面のＣ・Ｃ
方向正面図、（ｃ）Ｄ・Ｄ方向断面側面図である。図５
は、本発明の免震装置の第３例で基準状態における
（ａ）上部レールとその上を除いた平面図、（ｂ）正面
図である。図６は、図５の免震装置第３例の端部中心軸
回りの部分拡大図で（ａ）上半分断面のＦ・Ｆ方向側面
図、（ｂ）正面図である。図７は、図１の免震装置の第
１例の地震発生時の状態を示す正面図である。図８は、
免震装置第１〜３例の結合部材を対比する概略平面図
（上の図）及び正面図（下の図）で、（ａ）第１例、
（ｂ）第２例、（ｃ）第３例、（ｄ）第２例の変形例で
ある。各図中において複数個存在する構成要素は一部符
号記載を省略し、各例において共通する構成要素は同一
符号を用い詳細説明を省略する。又各図について、正面
視において上下、左右、前後として説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the first example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) an upper rail and its upper part are removed in a reference state, and (b) a front view. FIG. 2 shows the seismic isolation device of FIG.
(A) B of the left half section in a partially enlarged view around the end wheel of the example.
FIG. 5B is a plan view in the B direction, (b) a front view in the AA direction of the left half section, and (c) a side view. 3A and 3B are a plan view of a second example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention in a reference state, in which (a) an upper rail and the upper rail are removed, and (b) a front view. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view around the end wheel of the second example of the seismic isolation device in FIG. 3, (a) a plan view in the EE direction of a left half section, and (b) a CC in a left half section.
It is a direction front view, (c) DD sectional view side view. FIG.
FIG. 8A is a plan view of a third example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention in a reference state, in which (a) an upper rail and the upper rail are removed, and (b) a front view. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the third example of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 5 around the center axis of the end. FIG. 6A is a side view in the FF direction of the upper half section, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state of the first example of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1 when an earthquake occurs. FIG.
In the schematic plan view (upper view) and the front view (lower view) comparing the coupling members of the first to third examples of the seismic isolation device, (a) a first example,
(B) A second example, (c) a third example, and (d) a modification of the second example. In each of the drawings, a plurality of components are partially omitted from the description of the components, and components common to the respective examples are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. Each figure will be described as up and down, left and right, and front and back when viewed from the front.
【０００７】図１、２、８（ａ）に示す本発明第１例の
免震装置１は地震非作動時の基準状態を示し、支持体Ｓ
と被支持体Ｈ間に介在して装着され、下部レール４、上
部レール５、結合部材６、車輪７、車軸８及び車軸支持
部９とを備えている。又選択的構成として下部レール結
合材２と上部レール結合材３とがある。下部レール４
は、支持体Ｓ上に方形の下部レール結合材２を介して一
対が平行に前後間隔Ｐをおいて後述する車輪７の左右転
動方向Ｘに固設され、振動域の中央部が最低部分であっ
て両端部に向って徐々に高くなる凹状の形状として例え
ば円弧面に形成されている。上部レール５は、被支持体
３下に方形の上部レール結合材３を介して一対が平行に
左右間隔Ｐをおいて上記車輪７の左右転動方向Ｘと直角
の前後転動方向Ｙに固設され、振動域の中央部が最高部
分であって両端部に向って徐々に低くなる凹状の形状と
して例えば円弧面に形成され、下部レール４上方に上部
レール５が円弧面を逆向きに直交して配設されている。
ここで、下部レール結合材２及び／又は上部レール結合
材３を省略して、下部レール４を直接支持体Ｓ上及び／
又は上部レール５を直接被支持体Ｈ下に固設してもよい
が、免震装置１をユニットとして量産しておき被支持体
３の耐荷重に合わせて適宜個数を選択使用する場合には
前記レール結合材をおく方が好ましい。結合部材６は、
各下部レール４及び上部レール５で囲繞された空間中央
部に配設され左右転動方向Ｘ及び前後転動方向Ｙの直角
に交差して相互に固着され十字形をなして延びた４本の
柱状の交差基部６ａと、各交差基部６ａの先端側より突
設され外側に向けて交差基部６ａより僅かに小さい大径
部６ｂと雄ねじが螺刻された小径部６ｃよりなる段付き
の４本の中心軸部６ｆと、小径部６ｃに装着可能なワッ
シャー６ｅとナット６ｄを有し、中心軸部６ｆの軸芯は
４本とも同一水平面上におかれ、大径部６ｂは後述する
軸受け９ｃと摺動可能とされている。The seismic isolation device 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS.
And a lower rail 4, an upper rail 5, a connecting member 6, wheels 7, an axle 8, and an axle support 9. As an alternative, there are a lower rail connecting member 2 and an upper rail connecting member 3. Lower rail 4
Are fixedly mounted on a support S in parallel with a rectangular lower rail connecting member 2 in the left-right rolling direction X of a wheel 7 to be described later with a front-rear interval P interposed therebetween. It is formed, for example, on a circular arc surface as a concave shape gradually increasing toward both ends. A pair of upper rails 5 are fixed in parallel in a longitudinal rolling direction Y perpendicular to the left-right rolling direction X of the wheels 7 with a pair of parallel left and right spaces P below the supported member 3 via a rectangular upper rail connecting member 3. The center of the vibration region is the highest portion, and is formed in a concave shape, for example, as a concave shape that gradually decreases toward both ends, and the upper rail 5 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the lower rail 4. It is arranged.
Here, the lower rail connecting member 2 and / or the upper rail connecting member 3 are omitted, and the lower rail 4 is directly placed on the support S and / or
Alternatively, the upper rail 5 may be directly fixed below the supported member H. However, when the seismic isolation device 1 is mass-produced as a unit and an appropriate number is selected and used in accordance with the withstand load of the supported member 3. It is preferable to provide the rail coupling material. The connecting member 6
The four rails disposed at the center of the space surrounded by the lower rails 4 and the upper rails 5 and fixed to each other at right angles in the left-right rolling direction X and the front-rear rolling direction Y to form a cross. Four steps with a columnar intersection base 6a, a large diameter part 6b protruding from the tip side of each intersection base 6a and slightly smaller than the intersection base 6a toward the outside, and a small diameter part 6c threaded with an external thread. A central shaft 6f, a washer 6e and a nut 6d that can be mounted on the small diameter portion 6c. The four cores of the central shaft 6f are located on the same horizontal plane, and the large diameter portion 6b is a bearing 9c described later. Is slidable.
【０００８】車軸支持部９は４個の組であって、中央部
上下に山形の幅広部分をもった左右及び前後長手板材で
中央部に中心軸部用丸孔が穿設され両端部に車軸用丸孔
が穿設された各一対の４組合計８個の支持材９ａと、中
空円筒状体の両端部に支持材９ａの厚み分だけ僅かに外
径が小さい突出部をもった４個のスペーサ９ｂと、スペ
ーサ９ｂの芯部孔に固着された４個の別体の軸受け９ｃ
とを有している。軸受け９ｃは、通常スペーサ９ｂの両
端部側に軸芯方向のスラストに対向するためフランジが
設けられ、組立てのために中央部が二つ割りされた対称
形とされているが、フランジを省略したときは二つ割り
を省略してもよい。各車軸支持部９は、スペーサ９ｂの
突出部が一対の支持材９ａの中心軸部用丸孔に固着さ
れ、支持材９ａの左右及び前後間を間隔Ｗに保持し，ス
ペーサ９ｂの芯部孔に軸受け９ｃが固着されている。こ
こで、支持材９ａ中央部上下を山形としたのは強度を補
強するためのもので、支持材９ａの厚みを増やすことと
してもよい。車輪７は８個の組であって、下部レール４
の長手すなわち左右転動方向Ｘの左右対称位置に装着さ
れた１レール当たり２個合計４個の下部車輪７Ｄと、上
部レール５の長手すなわち前後転動方向Ｙの前後対称位
置に装着された１レール当たり２個合計４個の上部車輪
７Ｕとがあり、下部車輪７Ｄ及び上部車輪７Ｕは装着箇
所が異なるのみで同じ構成であって各レールを転動する
リム７ａとリム７ａの内側一側に形成された脱輪防止の
フランジ７ｂと、リム７ａ軸芯部に穿設された円筒状孔
に固着された別体の軸受け７ｃとを有している。軸受け
７ｃは、前記９ｃと同様両端部にフランジをもち中央部
が二つ割りされているが、フランジを省略したときには
二つ割りを省略してもよい。車軸８は８個の組であっ
て、下部車輪７Ｄに４本の下部車軸８Ｄ及び上部車輪７
Ｕに４本の上部車軸８Ｕがあり、各支持材９ａの左右及
び前後長手両端部に穿設された各二個の丸孔に貫通さ
れ、前後を固着具として例えばスナップリング８ａによ
って支持材９ａに固着され、各車輪７が軸受け７ｃを介
して各車軸８の軸芯回りに回動可能とされている。ここ
で固着具をスナップリング８ａに代えて、各車軸８の両
端部にねじを刻設しナット締めによって固着してもよ
い。免震装置１の組立てを説明する。先ず４個の車軸支
持部９は、平行に間隔Ｗをおいた一対の支持材９ａの中
心軸部用丸孔に予め芯部孔に軸受け９ｃが固着されたス
ペーサ９ｂの突出部を嵌着してなされ、８個の車輪７回
りは、軸受け７ｃがリム７ａ軸芯部の円筒状孔に固着さ
れた各車輪７を一対の支持材９ａ間におき、軸受け７ｃ
及び車軸用丸孔に各車軸８を挿通しスナップリング８ａ
によって支持材９ａに固着する。次いで軸受け９ｃに結
合部材６の４本の中心軸部６ｆの大径部６ｂを回動可能
なように装着し、小径部１６ｃに外側に向けてワッシャ
ー６ｅを嵌着し最も外側の雄ねじにナット６ｄを螺合し
て固定し、一対の平行におかれた下部レール４に４個の
下部車輪７Ｄを転動可能に装着し、一対の平行におかれ
た上部レール５に４個の上部車輪７Ｕを転動可能に装着
して組立てが完了する。上記構成により、図１に示す地
震非作動時の基準状態から、地震発生時には車輪７のう
ち下部車輪７Ｄは支持材９ａの左右に固着された下部車
軸８Ｄ回りに回動しつつ下部レール４に沿い、上部車輪
７Ｕは支持材９ａの前後に固着された上部車軸８Ｕ回り
に回動しつつ上部レール５に沿い、それぞれ相対的に転
動可能とされ、同時に各支持材９ａは各中心軸部６ｆ及
び各交差基部６ａの軸芯回りに揺動可能とされている。The axle support portion 9 is a set of four, and is made of left and right and front and rear longitudinal plate members having wide mountain-shaped portions at the upper and lower portions of the center portion. Four sets of four support members 9a each having a pair of round holes, and four protrusions having a small outer diameter slightly smaller by the thickness of the support material 9a at both ends of the hollow cylindrical body. Spacer 9b and four separate bearings 9c fixed to the core hole of the spacer 9b.
And The bearing 9c is usually provided with a flange at both ends of the spacer 9b to oppose thrust in the axial direction, and has a symmetrical shape in which a central portion is divided for assembly, but when the flange is omitted, The halving may be omitted. In each axle support portion 9, the protruding portion of the spacer 9b is fixed to the round hole for the central shaft portion of the pair of support members 9a, and the left and right and front and rear portions of the support member 9a are maintained at an interval W. , A bearing 9c is fixed. Here, the reason why the upper and lower portions of the center of the support 9a are mountain-shaped is to reinforce the strength, and the thickness of the support 9a may be increased. The wheel 7 is a set of eight, and the lower rail 4
, That is, two lower wheels 7D per rail mounted at symmetric positions in the left-right rolling direction X, and one lower wheel 7D mounted at the longitudinal length of the upper rail 5, that is, a front-rear symmetric position in the front-rear rolling direction Y. There is a total of four upper wheels 7U per rail, and the lower wheel 7D and the upper wheel 7U have the same configuration except that the mounting points are different, and a rim 7a for rolling each rail and one side inside the rim 7a It has a formed flange 7b for preventing derailing, and a separate bearing 7c fixed to a cylindrical hole formed in the shaft core of the rim 7a. The bearing 7c has flanges at both ends similarly to the above 9c and has a central part divided into two parts. However, when the flange is omitted, the divided part may be omitted. The axle 8 is a set of eight, and four lower axles 8D and upper wheels 7
U has four upper axles 8U, which are respectively penetrated by two round holes formed in the left and right and front and rear longitudinal end portions of each support member 9a. And each wheel 7 is rotatable around the axis of each axle 8 via a bearing 7c. Here, instead of using the snap ring 8a as the fixing tool, screws may be cut into both ends of each axle 8 and fixed by tightening nuts. The assembly of the seismic isolation device 1 will be described. First, the four axle support portions 9 are fitted with the protrusions of the spacers 9b in which the bearings 9c are fixed to the core holes in advance in the round holes for the central shaft portions of the pair of support members 9a spaced in parallel from each other. Around each of the eight wheels 7, a bearing 7c is provided between the pair of support members 9a.
And each axle 8 is inserted into the axle round hole and snap ring 8a
With this, it is fixed to the support material 9a. Next, the large-diameter portions 6b of the four central shaft portions 6f of the coupling member 6 are rotatably mounted on the bearing 9c, and a washer 6e is fitted to the small-diameter portion 16c toward the outside, and a nut is attached to the outermost male screw. 6d is screwed and fixed, four lower wheels 7D are rollably mounted on a pair of parallel lower rails 4, and four upper wheels are mounted on a pair of parallel upper rails 5. The 7U is rotatably mounted to complete the assembly. With the above configuration, from the reference state at the time of the earthquake non-operation shown in FIG. 1, when an earthquake occurs, the lower wheel 7D of the wheels 7 is rotated around the lower axle 8D fixed to the left and right of the support member 9a while being rotated by the lower rail 4. The upper wheel 7U is relatively rotatable along the upper rail 5 while rotating around an upper axle 8U fixed in front of and behind the supporting member 9a, and at the same time, each supporting member 9a is connected to each central shaft portion. 6f and each crossing base 6a can swing around the axis.
【０００９】図３、４、８（ｂ）に示す本発明第２例の
免震装置１０は地震非作動時の基準状態を示し、支持体
Ｓと被支持体Ｈ間に介在して装着され、下部レール４、
上部レール５、結合部材１６、車輪７、車軸８及び車軸
支持部１９とを備えている。又選択的構成として下部レ
ール結合材２と上部レール結合材３とがある。ここで前
記免震装置１と比較して、結合部材１６が結合部材６と
異なり、車軸支持部１９が車軸支持部９と一部構成が異
なるのみで、下部レール４、上部レール５、車輪７、車
軸８の構成は同様であり同一符号を用い詳細説明を省略
する。結合部材１６は、各下部レール４及び上部レール
５で囲繞された空間中央部に配設された断面略正方形パ
イプ状の中心部材１６ｅと、直角に交差し上下軸芯間隔
をおいて中心部材１６ｅの前後及び左右側壁面をそれぞ
れ貫通し例えば溶着により固着され中心部材１６ｅの中
心部より左右前後対称に十字形をなして延びた断面円形
中空パイプ状の２本の交差基部１６ｆと、各交差基部１
６ｆの左右前後外側より内面に固着された４個の片側フ
ランジ付の軸受け１６ｇと、各交差基部１６ｆの内部に
挿着され中心部の基軸部１６ａ、基軸部１６ａの両外側
に向けて基軸部１６ａより僅かに小さい大径部１６ｂ及
び小径部１６ｃよりなる段付きの上下２本の中心軸部１
６ｈとを有し、基軸部１６ａの外側両端部と軸受け１６
ｇとは摺動可能とされ、小径部１６ｃに雄ねじが螺刻さ
れ４個のワッシャー１６ｉ及びナット１６ｄが装着され
ている。ここで、上下２本の中心軸部１６ｈの軸芯を含
む水平面は間隔Ｊにとられ、前記免震装置１における４
本とも同一水平面上にあるのと異なっている。ここで、
中心部材１６ｅは断面略正方形パイプ状としたが、特に
限定なく筒状又は柱状材であれば良く、例えば断面略多
角形、円形状又は変形材等であってもよくパイプでなく
内実材であってもよい。交差基部１６ｆも断面円形中空
パイプ状に限定されず、円柱状体であってもよいが、い
ずれも前記したパイプ状とするのが汎用のものを使用で
きコスト減、重量軽減ともなるので好ましい。車軸支持
部１９は４個の組であって、スペーサ１９ｂが前記スペ
ーサ９ｂの如く両端部に小径の突出部をもたない中空円
筒状体で、支持材１９ａ中央部に穿設された中心軸部用
丸孔には直接中心軸部１６ｈの大径部１６ｂが圧入さ
れ、内側の支持材１９ａの内側面と軸受け１６ｇの外側
面間にワッシャー１９ｄが介在され、小径部１６ｃにワ
ッシャー１６ｉを介してとナット１６ｄを螺合して支持
材１９ａと中心軸部１６ｈとは不動状態に締付けられる
が、その他の車輪７回りは前記車軸支持部９と同様の構
成である。各車軸支持部１９は、スペーサ１９ｂが一対
の支持材９ａ間に介在して左右及び前後間を間隔Ｗに保
持し、支持材１９ａの中心軸部用丸孔に中心軸部１６ｈ
が圧入され、それぞれ対応する中心軸部１６ｈ及び支持
材１９ａは一体とされている。免震装置１０の組立て
は、結合部材１６の２本の交差基部１６ｆの両端部に固
着された軸受け１６ｇに中心軸部１６ｈの基軸部１６ａ
が回動可能に装着され、基軸部１６ａより外側に突出す
る大径部１６ｂ及び小径部１６ｃに外側に向けてワッシ
ャー１９ｄ、内側の支持材１９ａ、スペーサ１９ｂ、外
側の支持材１９ａ、ワッシャー１６ｉを順次嵌着し最も
外側の雄ねじにナット１６ｄを螺合して固定する。車輪
７及び車軸８部分の組立ては前記免震装置１と同様であ
る。上記構成により、図３に示す地震非作動時の基準状
態から、地震発生時には車輪７のうち下部車輪７Ｄは支
持材１９ａの左右に固着された一対の下部車軸８Ｄ回り
に回動しつつ下部レール４に沿い、上部車輪７Ｕは支持
板１９ａの前後に固着された一対の上部車軸８Ｕ回りに
回動しつつ上部レール５に沿い、それぞれ相対的に転動
可能とされ、同時に各中心軸部１６ｈ及びこれと一体の
各支持板１９ａは各交差基部１６ｆの軸芯回りに揺動可
能とされている。図８（ｄ）に示すのは本発明第２例の
免震装置１０の変形例であって、中心部材１６ｅを水平
におかれた板状体１６ｅ′に代え、板状体１６ｅ′の上
下面に平面視において直角に交差し上下軸芯間隔Ｊ′を
おいた２本の断面円形中空パイプ状の交差基部１６ａ′
を固着し、各交差基部１６ａ′の先端側より突設され外
側に向けて交差基部１６ａ′より僅かに小さい大径部１
６ｂ′と雄ねじが螺刻された小径部１６ｃ′よりなる段
付きの４本の中心軸部１６ｈ′とを有しており、その他
の構成は免震装置１０と同様である。The seismic isolation device 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 8 (b) shows a reference state when the earthquake is not activated, and is mounted between the support S and the supported H. , Lower rail 4,
An upper rail 5, a connecting member 16, wheels 7, an axle 8, and an axle support 19 are provided. As an alternative, there are a lower rail connecting member 2 and an upper rail connecting member 3. Here, as compared with the seismic isolation device 1, the connecting member 16 is different from the connecting member 6, and the axle support 19 is only partially different from the axle support 9. The lower rail 4, the upper rail 5, and the wheels 7 are different. , The configuration of the axle 8 is the same, and the detailed description is omitted by using the same reference numerals. The coupling member 16 is provided with a center member 16e having a substantially square pipe cross section disposed at the center of the space surrounded by the lower rails 4 and the upper rails 5, and a center member 16e which intersects at right angles and is vertically spaced from each other. And two crossing bases 16f each having a circular cross section having a circular cross section and extending in a cross shape symmetrically from the center of the center member 16e to the front and rear, and penetrating through the front and rear and left and right side walls of the center member 16e. 1
Four bearings 16g with one-sided flange fixed to the inner surface from the left, right, front and rear outer sides of 6f, base shaft portions 16a inserted at the inside of each intersecting base portion 16f and base shaft portions toward both outer sides of the center shaft portions 16a and 16a. The upper and lower two central shaft portions 1 each having a large diameter portion 16b and a small diameter portion 16c slightly smaller than 16a.
6h, the outer end of the base shaft 16a and the bearing 16
g is slidable, a male screw is threaded on the small diameter portion 16c, and four washers 16i and nuts 16d are mounted. Here, the horizontal plane including the axis of the upper and lower two central shaft portions 16h is set at an interval J.
Both books are different from being on the same horizontal plane. here,
The center member 16e has a substantially square pipe shape in cross section. However, the center member 16e is not particularly limited and may be a cylindrical or columnar material. For example, the center member 16e may have a substantially polygonal cross section, a circular shape, a deformable material, or the like. You may. The crossing base 16f is not limited to a hollow pipe having a circular cross section, and may be a columnar body. However, it is preferable to use a pipe as described above because a general-purpose pipe can be used, and cost and weight can be reduced. The axle support portion 19 is a set of four, and the spacer 19b is a hollow cylindrical body having no small-diameter protrusions at both ends like the spacer 9b, and has a central shaft formed in the center of the support member 19a. The large diameter portion 16b of the central shaft portion 16h is directly press-fitted into the round hole for the part, a washer 19d is interposed between the inner surface of the inner support member 19a and the outer surface of the bearing 16g, and the washer 16i is inserted into the small diameter portion 16c. The support member 19a and the central shaft portion 16h are fastened in an immovable state by screwing the lever nut 16d, but the structure around the other wheels 7 is the same as that of the axle support portion 9. In each axle support portion 19, a spacer 19b is interposed between a pair of support members 9a to keep the left, right, front and rear at a distance W, and a center shaft portion 16h is formed in a center shaft round hole of the support member 19a.
Are press-fitted, and the corresponding central shaft portions 16h and support members 19a are integrated. The assembling of the seismic isolation device 10 is performed by attaching a base shaft portion 16a of a center shaft portion 16h to a bearing 16g fixed to both ends of two cross base portions 16f of the coupling member 16.
Are mounted rotatably, and a washer 19d, an inner support member 19a, a spacer 19b, an outer support member 19a, and a washer 16i are directed outward to a large-diameter portion 16b and a small-diameter portion 16c that protrude outward from the base shaft portion 16a. The nuts 16d are screwed into the outermost external threads and fixed in order. The assembly of the wheel 7 and the axle 8 is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 1. With the above-described configuration, the lower wheel 7D of the wheels 7 is rotated around a pair of lower axles 8D fixed to the left and right of the support member 19a from the reference state at the time of the earthquake non-operation shown in FIG. 4, the upper wheel 7U is relatively rotatable along the upper rail 5 while rotating around a pair of upper axles 8U fixed to the front and rear of the support plate 19a, and at the same time, each central shaft portion 16h. Each of the support plates 19a integral therewith is capable of swinging about the axis of each cross base 16f. FIG. 8D shows a modification of the seismic isolation device 10 of the second embodiment of the present invention, in which the center member 16e is replaced with a horizontally placed plate-like body 16e ', and Two cross-section circular hollow pipe-shaped bases 16a 'that intersect the lower surface at right angles in plan view and have a vertical axis center interval J'.
And the large-diameter portion 1 protruding from the tip end side of each cross base 16a 'and slightly smaller than the cross base 16a' toward the outside.
6b 'and four stepped central shaft portions 16h' composed of small-diameter portions 16c 'into which external threads are threaded. The other configuration is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 10.
【００１０】図５、６、８（ｃ）に示す本発明第３例の
免震装置２０は地震非作動時の基準状態を示し、支持体
Ｓと被支持体Ｈ間に介在して装着され、下部レール
４′、上部レール５、結合部材６、６′、上部車輪７
Ｕ、下部車輪７Ｄ′、車軸８及び車軸支持部９′とを備
えている。又選択的構成として下部レール結合材２と上
部レール結合材３とがある。ここで免震装置１と比較し
て、下部レール４′が前記下部レール４と異なり、結合
部材６′が前記結合部材６と異なる部分があり、下部車
輪７Ｄ′が下部車輪７Ｄと異なり、車軸支持部９′は前
記車軸支持部９と異なる部分があるが、上部レール５、
上部車輪７Ｕ、車軸８の構成は同様であり同一符号を用
い詳細説明を省略する。車輪のうち上部車輪７Ｕは前記
免震装置１同様の一対の２組であるが、下部車輪７Ｄ′
は単独のもの２組で１個当たりでは上部車輪７Ｕの一対
と耐荷重が同じであるため大きいサイズにとられ、構造
は下部車輪７Ｄと同様でサイズのみ大きいリム７ａ′、
フランジ７ｂ′及びリム７ａ′軸芯部に穿設された円筒
状孔に固着された別体の二つ割りフランジ付軸受け７
ｃ′とを有している。下部レール４′は、支持体Ｓ上に
方形の下部レール結合材２を介して一対が平行に前後間
隔Ｑをおいて下部車輪７Ｄ′の左右転動方向Ｘに固設さ
れ、振動域の中央部が最低部分であって両端部に向って
徐々に高くなる凹状の形状として例えば円弧面に形成さ
れているが、下部車輪７Ｄ′が上部車輪７Ｕより大きい
サイズでありこれに対応レール幅も大きく、このため前
後間隔Ｑは上部レール５の左右間隔Ｐより小さくとられ
ている。上部レール５は、前記免震装置１と同様で、下
部レール４′上方に上部レール５が円弧面を逆向きに直
交して配設されている。ここで、免震装置１と同様下部
レール結合材２及び／又は上部レール結合材３を省略し
てもよい。結合部材は、下部車輪７Ｄ′回りを支持する
結合部材６′と、免震装置１と同様の上部車輪７Ｕ回り
を支持する結合部材６とよりなり、各下部レール４′及
び上部レール５で囲繞された空間中央部に配設されてい
る。結合部材６′は左右転動方向Ｘの結合部材６の２本
の交差基部６ａと中央部で固着され直角方向の前後転動
方向Ｙに交差して十字形をなし該中央部より延びた２本
の柱状の交差基部６ａ′と、交差基部６ａ′の先端側よ
り突設され外側に向けて交差基部６ａ′より僅かに小さ
い大径部６ｂ′と雄ねじが螺刻された小径部６ｃ′より
なる段付きの２本の中心軸部６ｆ′と、小径部６ｃ′に
装着可能なワッシャー６ｅ′とナット６ｄ′を有してい
る。結合部材６は、前記免震装置１と同様で結合部材
６′と共通の中央部より左右転動方向Ｘに延びた２本の
交差基部６ａと、各交差基部６ａの先端側より突設され
外側に向けて交差基部６ａより僅かに小さい大径部６ｂ
と小径部６ｃよりなる段付きの２本の中心軸部６ｆと、
ワッシャー６ｅ及びナット６ｄとを有している。ここ
で、上下各２本の中心軸部６ｆ′及び６ｆの軸芯を含む
水平面は段違いで間隔Ｋにとられているが、この値は下
部車輪７Ｄ′が上部車輪７Ｕに対し外径が２Ｋだけ大き
くとられているのに対応している。下部車輪７Ｄ′回り
においては、前記免震装置１の車軸支持部９を廃し、車
軸８に代えて大径部６ｂ′に下部車輪７Ｄ′が別体の軸
受け７ｃ′を介して装着され、中心軸部６ｆ′軸芯回り
に回動可能とされている。車軸支持部９′は、支持材９
ａ′が前記支持材９ａの中央部上下の山形幅広部分をも
たずフラットな形状とされているのが異なるのみで、そ
の他スペーサ９ｂ、軸受け９ｃ、支持材間の間隔Ｗの構
成は同様であり詳細説明は省略する。支持材９ａは′、
中央部上下が山形ではないので、同じ耐荷重では支持材
９ａより厚みを増やす必要がある。免震装置２０の組立
ては、上部車輪７Ｕ回りは前記免震装置１と同様であり
詳細説明を省略する。一方下部車輪７Ｄ′は、２本の中
心軸部６ｆ′の大径部６ｂ′の軸芯回りに軸受け７ｃ′
介して回動可能なように装着し、小径部１６ｃ′にワッ
シャー６ｅ′を嵌着し最外側の雄ねじにナット６ｄ′を
螺合して固定する。上記構成により、図５に示す地震非
作動時の基準状態から、左右転動方向Ｘの地震発生時に
は下部車輪７Ｄ′は中心軸部６ｆ′回りに回動しつつ下
部レール４′に沿い、上部車輪７Ｕは支持材９ａの前後
に固着された上部車軸８Ｕ回りに回動しつつ上部レール
５に沿い、それぞれ相対的に転動可能とされ、同時に各
支持材９ａは各中心軸部６ｆの軸芯回りに揺動可能とさ
れている。A seismic isolation device 20 according to a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 8 (c) shows a reference state when the earthquake is not activated, and is mounted between the support S and the supported H. , Lower rail 4 ', upper rail 5, connecting members 6, 6', upper wheel 7
U, a lower wheel 7D ', an axle 8, and an axle support 9'. As an alternative, there are a lower rail connecting member 2 and an upper rail connecting member 3. Here, as compared with the seismic isolation device 1, there is a portion in which the lower rail 4 'is different from the lower rail 4, the coupling member 6' is different from the coupling member 6, and the lower wheel 7D 'is different from the lower wheel 7D. The support part 9 'has a part different from the axle support part 9, but the upper rail 5,
The configurations of the upper wheel 7U and the axle 8 are the same, and the detailed description thereof is omitted by using the same reference numerals. The upper wheel 7U among the wheels is a pair of two sets similar to the seismic isolation device 1, but the lower wheel 7D '.
Is a large two-piece rim 7a ', each having a large size because the load bearing capacity is the same as a pair of the upper wheels 7U, and the structure is the same as the lower wheels 7D.
A separate split flanged bearing 7 fixed to a cylindrical hole drilled in the shaft core of the flange 7b 'and the rim 7a'
c '. A pair of lower rails 4 ′ are fixedly mounted on the support S via a rectangular lower rail connecting member 2 in parallel in the left-right rolling direction X of the lower wheels 7 D ′ with a front-rear interval Q therebetween. The lower portion 7D 'is larger than the upper wheel 7U, and the corresponding rail width is also large. Therefore, the front-rear distance Q is set smaller than the left-right distance P of the upper rail 5. The upper rail 5 is the same as the seismic isolation device 1, and the upper rail 5 is disposed above the lower rail 4 ′ so that the arc surface is orthogonal to the arc surface in the opposite direction. Here, similarly to the seismic isolation device 1, the lower rail connecting member 2 and / or the upper rail connecting member 3 may be omitted. The coupling member is composed of a coupling member 6 'that supports around the lower wheel 7D' and a coupling member 6 that supports around the upper wheel 7U similar to the seismic isolation device 1, and is surrounded by the lower rail 4 'and the upper rail 5. It is located in the center of the space. The connecting member 6 'is fixed at the center to the two intersecting bases 6a of the connecting member 6 in the left-right rolling direction X and has a cross shape crossing the right and left rolling direction Y in the front-rear rolling direction Y and extends from the center. From a column-shaped cross base 6a ', a large-diameter part 6b' protruding from the tip side of the cross base 6a 'and slightly smaller than the cross base 6a' toward the outside, and a small-diameter part 6c 'threaded with an external thread. It has two stepped central shaft portions 6f ', a washer 6e' that can be attached to the small diameter portion 6c ', and a nut 6d'. The coupling member 6 is similar to the seismic isolation device 1 and has two intersecting bases 6a extending in the left-right rolling direction X from a common central portion with the coupling member 6 ', and protrudes from the distal end side of each intersecting base 6a. Large diameter portion 6b slightly smaller than cross base 6a toward the outside
And two central shaft portions 6f having a step formed of a small diameter portion 6c,
It has a washer 6e and a nut 6d. Here, the horizontal plane including the axis centers of the two upper and lower central shaft portions 6f 'and 6f is stepped and has an interval K. This value indicates that the lower wheel 7D' has an outer diameter of 2K with respect to the upper wheel 7U. It only corresponds to being taken large. Around the lower wheel 7D ', the axle support 9 of the seismic isolation device 1 is eliminated, and the lower wheel 7D' is mounted on the large diameter portion 6b 'via a separate bearing 7c' instead of the axle 8, and The shaft 6f 'is rotatable around the axis. The axle support 9 '
The only difference is that a 'has a flat shape without the central wide upper and lower portions of the support member 9a, and other configurations of the spacer 9b, the bearing 9c, and the distance W between the support members are the same. The detailed description is omitted. The supporting material 9a is'
Since the upper and lower portions of the central portion are not mountain-shaped, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the supporting member 9a with the same load capacity. The assembling of the seismic isolation device 20 is similar to that of the above-described seismic isolation device 1 around the upper wheel 7U, and the detailed description is omitted. On the other hand, the lower wheel 7D 'has a bearing 7c' around the axis of the large diameter portion 6b 'of the two central shaft portions 6f'.
The small diameter part 16c 'is fitted with a washer 6e', and a nut 6d 'is screwed and fixed to the outermost male screw. With the above configuration, when an earthquake in the left-right rolling direction X occurs, the lower wheel 7D 'moves along the lower rail 4' while rotating around the central shaft portion 6f 'from the reference state when the earthquake does not operate as shown in FIG. The wheels 7U are relatively rotatable along the upper rail 5 while rotating around an upper axle 8U fixed to the front and rear of the support 9a, and at the same time, each support 9a is connected to the axis of each central shaft 6f. It is possible to swing around the core.
【００１１】前記免震装置１、１０、２０の各構成の変
形例について説明する。前記した各レールを代えて、下
部レール４、４′を前後転動方向Ｙに、上部レール５を
左右転動方向Ｘにそれぞれ固設してもよい。免震装置１
０において、各交差基部１６ｆを中央部におかれた前後
左右対称形例えば方形体のブロック材の四方側面に、上
下軸芯間隔をおかずに同一水平面において十字形をなす
ように固着した構成に代えることもできる。免震装置２
０においては、下部レール４′と上部レール５、結合部
材６と６′、上部車輪７Ｕと下部車輪７Ｄ′をそれぞれ
上下入替えた構成としてもよい。又大きい下部車輪７
Ｄ′に合わせて小さい上部車輪７Ｕの大きさを変えて用
いることもでき、このとき車輪が統一され上下各２本の
中心軸部６ｆ′及び６ｆの軸芯を含む面は同一水平面上
におかれるが、耐荷重からは小さくて済む各上部車輪７
Ｕを大きくしそれが装着される上部レール５も幅を広げ
ることが必要となる。免震装置１、１０においても免震
装置２０と同様に一方の各レールに装着する車輪を各一
個とすることも可能である。軸受け７ｃ、９ｃ、１６ｇ
及び７ｃ′は通常それぞれリム７ａ、スペーサ９ｂ、交
差基部１６ｆ及びリム７ａ′側に固着されているが、そ
れぞれ車軸８、中心軸部６ｆの大径部６ｂ、基軸部１６
ａ及び中心軸部６ｆ′の大径部６ｂ′側に固着してもよ
い。免震装置１０の車軸支持部１９のスペーサ１９ｂ
は、免震装置１の車軸支持部９のスペーサ９ｂと同様と
し各支持材９ａが各中心軸部６ｆ及び各交差基部６ａの
軸芯回りに揺動可能であるのと同様な構成とし、軸受け
１６ｇを廃し基軸部１６ａを交差基部１６ｆ内面に固着
することとしてもよい。このときは、支持材１９ａが大
径部１６ｂ軸芯回りに揺動可能となり免震装置１と同様
の作動となる。車軸支持部９、１９、９′は、支持材９
ａ、１９ａ、９ａ′の一対を向合わせてスペーサ９ｂ、
１９ｂによって前後及び左右間隔Ｗを保持しているが、
スペーサに代えて支持材間を連結するボスを一体に設け
ることとしてもよい。又支持材を、側面視において断面
略Ｕ字形材を用いたり、平面視において一対の断面略コ
字形材の閉止部を背中合わせにして開口部を両端部にお
くこととしてもよく、いずれにおいても支持材を前後及
び左右に所定の間隔をおいて保持可能な構成であればよ
い。更に軽荷重の場合には、支持材を向合わせの各一対
を一組として用いずに一個とし、この支持材に一対の平
行する車軸を片持ちで固着して該車軸に車輪を回動可能
に装着する構成としてもよい。前記免震装置１、１０、
２０及びその変形例は、単独でも使用可能であるが、通
常は支持体Ｓと被支持体Ｈ間に被支持体Ｈの重量や形状
に対応してそれぞれ同様の免震装置を複数個を並べて用
いられる。A description will be given of a modified example of each structure of the seismic isolation devices 1, 10, and 20. Instead of the above-mentioned rails, the lower rails 4 and 4 'may be fixedly mounted in the longitudinal rolling direction Y, and the upper rail 5 may be fixedly mounted in the lateral rolling direction X. Seismic isolation device 1
At 0, a configuration is adopted in which each cross base 16f is fixed to the front and rear left-right symmetrical shape at the center, for example, the four side surfaces of a rectangular block material so as to form a cross in the same horizontal plane without any vertical axis spacing. You can also. Seismic isolation device 2
At 0, the lower rail 4 'and the upper rail 5, the coupling members 6 and 6', and the upper wheel 7U and the lower wheel 7D 'may be replaced with each other up and down. Large lower wheel 7
The size of the small upper wheel 7U can be changed and used according to D '. At this time, the surfaces of the unified wheels and the axes of the two upper and lower central shaft portions 6f' and 6f are on the same horizontal plane. Each upper wheel 7 can be removed from the load
It is necessary to increase U and increase the width of the upper rail 5 to which it is attached. In each of the seismic isolation devices 1 and 10, it is also possible to use one wheel mounted on each of the rails similarly to the seismic isolation device 20. Bearings 7c, 9c, 16g
And 7c 'are usually fixed to the rim 7a, the spacer 9b, the crossing base 16f and the rim 7a', respectively. The axle 8, the large diameter portion 6b of the center shaft 6f, and the base shaft 16 respectively.
a and the large-diameter portion 6b 'of the central shaft portion 6f'. Spacer 19b of axle support 19 of seismic isolation device 10
Is the same as the spacer 9b of the axle support 9 of the seismic isolation device 1 and has the same configuration as each support 9a is capable of swinging about the axis of each central shaft 6f and each cross base 6a. 16g may be discarded and the base shaft 16a may be fixed to the inner surface of the cross base 16f. At this time, the support member 19a can swing around the axis of the large diameter portion 16b, and the operation is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 1. The axle supports 9, 19, 9 '
a, 19a, 9a 'with a pair of spacers 9b facing each other,
19b holds the front-back and left-right spacing W,
Instead of the spacers, a boss connecting the support members may be provided integrally. Further, the support member may use a substantially U-shaped member in a side view, or a pair of substantially U-shaped members in a plan view with their closing portions back-to-back and openings at both ends. Any structure can be used as long as the material can be held at predetermined intervals in the front-rear and left-right directions. Furthermore, in the case of light load, the support member is not used as a pair but each pair of support members is used as one, and a pair of parallel axles are fixed to the support member with a cantilever, and the wheels can be turned on the axle. It is good also as a structure attached to. The seismic isolation devices 1, 10,
20 and its modifications can be used alone, but usually a plurality of similar seismic isolation devices are arranged between the support S and the support H in accordance with the weight and shape of the support H. Used.
【００１２】次に、図１、７について、免震装置１の作
動を説明する。ここで図１は地震非作動時の基準状態を
示し、図７は地震発生時の状態を示し、それぞれ対応す
る構成を同一符号としてあるが、図７は作動を理解し易
いようにするため各レールの凹状面のカーブを図１に比
しやや大きく記載してある。地震非作動時の基準状態で
は図１に示す通り、免震装置１の各下部車輪７Ｄは下部
レール４の中央から等距離の低位置にあり、各上部車輪
７Ｕは上部レール５の中央から等距離の低位置にあり、
被支持体Ｈは最も低い位置において安定した状態で支持
体Ｓ上方に静止している。左右方向Ｘの地震動が発生す
ると、最大変位時として図７に示す通り、各下部車輪７
Ｄが下部レール４の凹状面を転動し、下部レール４の中
央より右方向Ｘに片ストロークＬだけ被支持体Ｈが支持
体Ｓに対し相対的なずれを生じ、その結果被支持体Ｈを
基準状態の最も低い位置から上昇せしめその変位に応じ
た復元力を受け振動を繰返すが、被支持体Ｈの荷重は直
接支持体Ｓに達することなく、被支持体Ｈ→上部レール
結合材３→上部レール５→上部車輪７Ｕ→上部車軸８Ｕ
→上部の支持材９ａ、中心軸部６ｆ及び交差基部６ａを
経て→下部の交差基部６ａ、中心軸部６ｆ及び支持材９
ａを経て→下部車軸８Ｄ→下部車輪７Ｄ→下部レール４
→下部レール結合材２→支持体Ｓの経路を辿って支持体
Ｓに達するので、必ず各車輪と車軸間を経由し、車輪と
車軸間の摩擦が減衰力として有効に作用し免震される。
このとき前後対応する各下部車輪７Ｄは同量づつ上下す
るので左右の下部車輪７Ｄの軸芯間中点におかれた各中
心軸部６ｆ及び交差基部６ａは同一水平面上にあって上
下する。一方車軸支持部９の支持材９ａは、固着された
軸受け９ｃが中心軸部６ｆの大径部６ｂと摺動可能であ
るので中心軸部６ｆの軸芯まわりに揺動して右上がりに
傾斜し、基準状態において軸芯が水平位置におかれた左
右一対の下部車輪７Ｄを下部レール４中央より右側にお
いて右上がりの凹状面に容易確実に追従せしめることが
できる。又図示省略するが、前後方向Ｙの地震動が発生
すると、前記下部車輪７Ｄと同様に各上部車輪７Ｕは上
部レール５の凹状面を転動し、被支持体Ｈが支持体Ｓに
対し相対的なずれを生じ、その結果被支持体Ｈは基準状
態の最も低い位置から上昇せしめその変位に応じた復元
力を受け振動を繰返すが、被支持体Ｈの荷重は直接支持
体Ｓに達することなく、必ず各車輪と車軸間を経由する
ので、車輪と車軸間の摩擦が減衰力として有効に作用し
免震される。ここで、左右方向Ｘの地震動発生の際に
は、下部レール４とこれに転動する４個の下部車輪７Ｄ
間には不可避的にガタが存在するものの、各車輪にはフ
ランジ７ｂが形成されているために各下部レール４に対
し４点で強固に押さえられ、このため結合部材６の垂直
中心軸線回りに回動するヨーイングが発生することがな
い。又前後方向Ｙの地震動発生の際の上部レール５と４
個の上部車輪７Ｕについても同様である。加えて各交差
基部６ａが中央部で相互に固着されているので、更に強
力なヨーイング防止効果が得られる。通常、地震動は左
右方向Ｘ及び前後方向Ｙの二方向成分が複合されて発生
するがこの場合には、被支持体Ｈは前記各下部車輪７Ｄ
及び下部レール４等と上部車輪７Ｕ及び上部レール５等
がそれぞれの成分に対して免震作用が有効に働く。Next, the operation of the seismic isolation device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 shows a reference state when the earthquake does not operate, and FIG. 7 shows a state when the earthquake occurs. Corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals, but FIG. The curve of the concave surface of the rail is shown slightly larger than in FIG. In the reference state at the time of non-operation of the earthquake, as shown in FIG. 1, each lower wheel 7D of the seismic isolation device 1 is located at a low position equidistant from the center of the lower rail 4, and each upper wheel 7U is located at the same position from the center of the upper rail 5. At a low distance,
The supported member H is stationary above the support member S in a stable state at the lowest position. When a seismic motion in the left-right direction X occurs, as shown in FIG.
D rolls on the concave surface of the lower rail 4, and the supported body H is displaced relative to the supported body S by one stroke L in the right direction X from the center of the lower rail 4. Is raised from the lowest position in the reference state, and the vibration is repeated by receiving a restoring force according to the displacement, but the load of the supported member H does not directly reach the supported member S, and the supported member H → the upper rail connecting member 3 → Upper rail 5 → Upper wheel 7U → Upper axle 8U
→ Via upper support 9a, central shaft 6f and cross base 6a → Lower cross base 6a, center shaft 6f and support 9
a → Lower axle 8D → Lower wheel 7D → Lower rail 4
→ Lower rail connecting material 2 → Since it reaches the support S following the path of the support S, it always passes between each wheel and the axle, and the friction between the wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force and is seismically isolated. .
At this time, since the lower wheels 7D corresponding to the front and rear move up and down by the same amount, the center shaft portions 6f and the intersection bases 6a located at the midpoints between the shaft centers of the left and right lower wheels 7D move on the same horizontal plane. On the other hand, the support member 9a of the axle support portion 9 swings around the axis of the central shaft portion 6f and tilts upward to the right because the fixed bearing 9c can slide with the large diameter portion 6b of the central shaft portion 6f. In the reference state, the pair of left and right lower wheels 7D with the shaft center located in the horizontal position can easily and reliably follow the concave surface rising to the right on the right side of the center of the lower rail 4. Although not shown, when a seismic motion in the front-rear direction Y occurs, each upper wheel 7U rolls on the concave surface of the upper rail 5 similarly to the lower wheel 7D, and the supported member H moves relative to the supporting member S. As a result, the supported member H is raised from the lowest position in the reference state, and receives a restoring force corresponding to the displacement, and repeats vibration. However, the load of the supported member H does not reach the support member S directly. Since the vehicle always passes between each wheel and the axle, the friction between the wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force and is isolated. Here, when an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower rail 4 and the four lower wheels 7D rolling on the lower rail 4
Although there is inevitable play between the wheels, each wheel is firmly pressed against the lower rail 4 at four points due to the formation of the flange 7 b, and therefore, around the vertical center axis of the connecting member 6. Rotating yawing does not occur. In addition, upper rails 5 and 4 when an earthquake motion in the front-rear direction Y occurs.
The same applies to the upper wheels 7U. In addition, since the crossing bases 6a are fixed to each other at the center, a stronger yawing prevention effect can be obtained. Usually, the seismic motion is generated by a combination of two components in the left-right direction X and the front-rear direction Y. In this case, the supported body H is connected to each of the lower wheels 7D.
The lower rails 4 and the like, the upper wheels 7U and the upper rails 5 and the like effectively exert seismic isolation effects on their respective components.
【００１３】図３について、免震装置１０の作動を説明
する。地震非作動時の基準状態では図３に示す通り、免
震装置１０の各下部車輪７Ｄは下部レール４の中央から
等距離の低位置にあり、各上部車輪７Ｕは上部レール５
の中央から等距離の低位置にあり、被支持体Ｈは最も低
い位置において安定した状態で支持体Ｓ上方に静止して
いる。地震動が発生した場合は、車軸支持部１９の支持
材１９ａは、交差基部１６ｆに固着された軸受け１６ｇ
が基軸部１６ａと摺動可能であるので交差基部１６ｆ及
び中心軸部１６ｈの軸芯まわりに揺動して各レールの湾
曲面に追従可能であり、その他の各レールに対する各車
輪の作動及び各車輪と車軸間の摩擦による減衰力による
免震作用及びヨーイング防止効果は前記免震装置１と同
様であり、詳細説明は省略する。免震装置１０は、免震
装置１との違いは、結合部材１６の構成が中央部のパイ
プ状の中心部材１６ｅと、十字形に交差した円形中空パ
イプ状の２本の交差基部１６ｆを２段にして中心部材１
６ｅの中心部より左右前後に放射状に突設されており、
各中心軸部１６ｈの軸芯を含む水平面は上下間隔Ｊにと
られているため、車輪回りのサイズが免震装置１と同じ
であっても免震装置１０は全体の高さが高くなるもの
の、前記免震装置１の結合部材６よりも汎用の材料によ
って製造ができコスト面からのメリットが大である。又
各交差基部１６ｆが中心部材１６ｅに固着されているの
で、強力なヨーイング防止効果が得られる。 交差基部
１６ｆと基軸部１６ａを固着した変形例では、免震装置
１と同様の作動である。Referring to FIG. 3, the operation of the seismic isolation device 10 will be described. In the reference state when the earthquake is not operating, as shown in FIG. 3, each lower wheel 7D of the seismic isolation device 10 is at a low position equidistant from the center of the lower rail 4, and each upper wheel 7U is connected to the upper rail 5
Is at a low position equidistant from the center of the support member H, and the supported member H is stationary above the support member S in a stable state at the lowest position. When an earthquake motion occurs, the support member 19a of the axle support portion 19 becomes a bearing 16g fixed to the intersection base 16f.
Is slidable with the base shaft portion 16a, so that it can swing about the axis of the cross base portion 16f and the center shaft portion 16h and follow the curved surface of each rail. The seismic isolation effect and the yawing prevention effect by the damping force due to the friction between the wheel and the axle are the same as those of the seismic isolation device 1, and the detailed description is omitted. The seismic isolation device 10 is different from the seismic isolation device 1 in that the configuration of the coupling member 16 is a pipe-shaped center member 16e at the center and two circular hollow pipe-shaped cross bases 16f crossing in a cross shape. Step and center member 1
6e radially protruding from the center of the left and right front and back,
Since the horizontal plane including the axis of each central shaft portion 16h is spaced vertically, the seismic isolation device 10 has a higher overall height even if the size around the wheels is the same as the seismic isolation device 1. In addition, since it can be manufactured using a general-purpose material as compared with the coupling member 6 of the seismic isolation device 1, there is a great advantage in terms of cost. In addition, since each intersection base 16f is fixed to the center member 16e, a strong yawing prevention effect can be obtained. In a modified example in which the cross base 16f and the base shaft 16a are fixed, the operation is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 1.
【００１４】図５について、免震装置２０の作動を説明
する。地震非作動時の基準状態では図５に示す通り、免
震装置２０の各下部車輪７Ｄ′は下部レール４′の中央
にあって最も低い位置にあり、各上部車輪７Ｕは上部レ
ール５の中央から等距離の低位置にあり、被支持体Ｈは
最も低い位置において安定した状態で支持体Ｓ上方に静
止している。前後方向Ｙの地震動が発生すると、上部レ
ール５に対する上部車輪７Ｕの作動及び各車輪と車軸間
の摩擦による減衰力による免震作用は前記免震装置１と
同様であるので、詳細説明は省略する。左右方向Ｘの地
震動が発生すると、各下部車輪７Ｄ′が下部レール４′
の凹状面を転動し、下部レール４′の中央より左右方向
Ｘに被支持体Ｈが支持体Ｓに対し相対的なずれを生じ、
その結果被支持体Ｈを基準状態の最も低い位置から上昇
せしめその変位に応じた復元力を受け振動を繰返すが、
被支持体Ｈの荷重は、被支持体Ｈ→上部レール結合材３
→上部レール５→上部車輪７Ｕ→上部車軸８Ｕ→上部の
支持材９ａ′、中心軸部６ｆ及び交差基部６ａを経て→
下部の交差基部６ａ′及び中心軸部６ｆ′を経て→下部
車輪７Ｄ′→下部レール４′→下部レール結合材２→支
持体Ｓの経路を辿って支持体Ｓに達するので、各車輪と
車軸間の摩擦が減衰力として有効に作用し免震される。
免震装置２０は、免震装置１との違いは、下部レール
４′の凹状面を転動する各下部車輪７Ｄ′は単独のもの
を一対用いている点であり、このために車軸支持部９に
相当した構成は無く下部車輪の数を半減できるので免震
装置１に比較して構造簡単のメリットがあるが、耐荷重
より下部車輪７Ｄ′は上部車輪７Ｕに対し大きいサイズ
にとる必要があり、中心軸部６ｆ′及び中心軸部６ｆの
軸芯を含む水平面は間隔Ｋにとられてその分上部車輪７
Ｕ回りのサイズが免震装置１と同じであっても免震装置
全体の高さが高くなる。又ヨーイングに対抗するのは、
前後方向Ｙの地震動に対する上部レール５及び上部車輪
７Ｕの４点支持のみではあるが、上部の交差基部６ａが
中央部において下部の交差基部６ａ′と固着されてお
り、左右方向Ｘの地震動に対しても極端の場合でなけれ
ば十分防止可能である。Referring to FIG. 5, the operation of the seismic isolation device 20 will be described. In the reference state when the earthquake is not operating, as shown in FIG. 5, each lower wheel 7D 'of the seismic isolation device 20 is located at the lowest position in the center of the lower rail 4', and each upper wheel 7U is located at the center of the upper rail 5. And the supporter H is stationary above the supporter S in a stable state at the lowest position. When the seismic motion in the front-rear direction Y occurs, the operation of the upper wheels 7U with respect to the upper rail 5 and the seismic isolation action by the damping force due to the friction between each wheel and the axle are the same as those of the seismic isolation device 1, and therefore, detailed description is omitted. . When an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, each lower wheel 7D 'is moved to the lower rail 4'.
Rolling on the concave surface of the lower rail 4 ′, and the supported member H is shifted relative to the supporting member S in the left-right direction X from the center of the lower rail 4 ′.
As a result, the supported member H is raised from the lowest position in the reference state, and receives a restoring force corresponding to the displacement, and repeats the vibration.
The load of the supported member H is: the supported member H → the upper rail connecting member 3
→ Upper rail 5 → Upper wheel 7U → Upper axle 8U → Via upper support 9a ', central shaft 6f and intersection base 6a →
Through the lower cross base 6a 'and the central shaft 6f' → the lower wheel 7D '→ the lower rail 4' → the lower rail connecting member 2 → the support S is reached to the support S, so that each wheel and the axle The friction between them acts effectively as a damping force and is isolated.
The seismic isolation device 20 is different from the seismic isolation device 1 in that each lower wheel 7D 'that rolls on the concave surface of the lower rail 4' uses a single pair of individual lower wheels 7D '. Although there is no configuration equivalent to 9 and the number of lower wheels can be reduced by half, there is a merit of simpler structure compared to the seismic isolation device 1, but the lower wheels 7D 'need to be larger than the upper wheels 7U due to the load bearing capacity. The horizontal plane including the center axis of the center shaft 6f 'and the center of the center shaft 6f is spaced K, and the upper wheel 7
Even if the size around U is the same as the seismic isolation device 1, the height of the entire seismic isolation device increases. Against yawing,
Although the upper rail 5 and the upper wheels 7U are only supported at four points for the seismic motion in the front-rear direction Y, the upper cross base 6a is fixed to the lower cross base 6a 'at the center, and the left-right X earthquake Even in extreme cases, it can be sufficiently prevented.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】本発明の免震装置によれば、車輪タイプ
として摩擦を減衰力として有効に作用せしめ余分な減衰
力の付加装置を必要とせず、被支持体の重量変化に対し
免震性能が変わらない上に、地震動発生の際にレールと
これに転動する車輪間に不可避的に存在するガタが、車
輪又はレールにフランジが形成されているために各車輪
は各レールに対し４点で強固に押さえられ、簡易な構造
によってヨーイングの発生を確実に防止し不快感を解消
することが可能で、主として建築物、構築物、機械、設
備、器物等の中軽量荷重向けとして広範囲に適応可能で
ある。According to the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the wheel type effectively uses friction as a damping force and does not require an additional device for adding an extra damping force. In addition, the backlash inevitably exists between the rail and the wheel rolling on it when the seismic motion occurs, and each wheel has four points on each rail because the flange is formed on the wheel or rail. With a simple structure that reliably prevents yawing and eliminates discomfort, and can be widely used for medium and light loads mainly in buildings, structures, machinery, equipment, and fixtures. It is.
【図１】本発明の免震装置の第１例で基準状態における
（ａ）上部レールとその上を除いた平面図、（ｂ）正面
図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first example of a seismic isolation device of the present invention in a reference state, in which (a) an upper rail and the upper rail are removed, and (b) a front view.
【図２】図１の免震装置第１例の端部車輪回りの部分拡
大図で（ａ）左半分断面のＢ・Ｂ方向平面図、（ｂ）左
半分断面のＡ・Ａ方向正面図、（ｃ）側面図である。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the first example of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1 around an end wheel. FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view in the BB direction of the left half section, and FIG. (C) is a side view.
【図３】本発明の免震装置の第２例で基準状態における
（ａ）上部レールとその上を除いた平面図、（ｂ）正面
図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view of a second example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) an upper rail and its upper part are removed in a reference state, and (b) a front view.
【図４】図３の免震装置第２例の端部車輪回りの部分拡
大図で（ａ）左半分断面のＥ・Ｅ方向平面図、（ｂ）左
半分断面のＣ・Ｃ方向正面図、（ｃ）Ｄ・Ｄ方向断面側
面図である。4 is a partial enlarged view around the end wheels of the second example of the seismic isolation device in FIG. 3; (a) a plan view in the EE direction of the left half section; and (b) a front view in the CC direction of the left half section. (C) is a cross-sectional side view in the DD direction.
【図５】本発明の免震装置の第３例で基準状態における
（ａ）上部レールとその上を除いた平面図、（ｂ）正面
図である。5A is a plan view of a third example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention in a reference state, in which (a) an upper rail and the upper rail are removed, and (b) a front view. FIG.
【図６】図５の免震装置第３例の端部中心軸回りの部分
拡大図で（ａ）上半分断面のＦ・Ｆ方向側面図、（ｂ）
正面図である。6 is a partially enlarged view of a third example of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 5 around a center axis of an end portion, and FIG.
It is a front view.
【図７】図１の免震装置の第１例の地震発生時の状態を
示す正面図である。FIG. 7 is a front view showing a first example of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1 when an earthquake occurs.
【図８】免震装置第１〜３例の結合部材を対比する概略
平面図（上の図）及び正面図（下の図）で、（ａ）第１
例、（ｂ）第２例、（ｃ）第３例、（ｄ）第２例の変形
例である。FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view (upper view) and a front view (lower view) comparing the connecting members of the first to third examples of the seismic isolation device.
Examples, (b) a second example, (c) a third example, and (d) a modification of the second example.
【符号の説明】 １、１０、２０ 免震装置 ２ 下部レール結合材 ３ 上部レール結合材 ４、４′ 下部レール ５ 上部レール ６、６′、１６ 結合部材 ６ａ、６ａ′、１６ａ′、１６ｆ 交差基部 ６ｂ、６ｂ′、１６ｂ′、１６ｂ 大径部 ６ｃ、６ｃ′、１６ｃ′、１６ｃ 小径部 ６ｄ、６ｄ′、１６ｄ ナット ６ｅ、６ｅ′、１６ｉ、１９ｄ ワッシャー ６ｆ、６ｆ′、１６ｈ′、１６ｈ 中心軸部 ７ 車輪 ７Ｄ 下部車輪 ７Ｕ 上部車輪 ７ａ、７ａ′ リム ７ｂ、７ｂ′ フランジ ７ｃ、７ｃ′、９ｃ、１６ｇ 軸受け ８ 車軸 ８Ｄ 下部車軸 ８Ｕ 上部車軸 ８ａ スナップリング ９、９′、１９ 車軸支持部 ９ａ、９ａ′、１９ａ 支持材 ９ｂ、１９ｂ スペーサ １６ａ 基軸部 １６ｅ 中心部材 １６ｅ′ 板状体 Ｌ 片ストローク Ｊ、Ｊ′、Ｋ、Ｐ、Ｑ、Ｗ 間隔 Ｘ 左右転動方向 Ｙ 前後転動方向 Ｈ 被支持体 Ｓ 支持体[Description of Signs] 1, 10, 20 Seismic isolation device 2 Lower rail connecting material 3 Upper rail connecting material 4, 4 'Lower rail 5 Upper rails 6, 6', 16 Connecting members 6a, 6a ', 16a', 16f Intersecting Base 6b, 6b ', 16b', 16b Large diameter portion 6c, 6c ', 16c', 16c Small diameter portion 6d, 6d ', 16d Nut 6e, 6e', 16i, 19d Washer 6f, 6f ', 16h', 16h Center Shaft 7 Wheel 7D Lower wheel 7U Upper wheel 7a, 7a 'Rim 7b, 7b' Flange 7c, 7c ', 9c, 16g Bearing 8 Axle 8D Lower axle 8U Upper axle 8a Snap ring 9, 9', 19 Axle support 9a , 9a ', 19a Supporting material 9b, 19b Spacer 16a Base shaft 16e Central member 16e' Plate L Single stroke J, J ', K, P, Q W interval X lateral rolling direction Y longitudinal rolling direction H the support S support
Claims (9)
れ、前記支持体側に間隔をおいて平行に固設され振動域
の中央部が最低部分をなす凹状の一対の下部レールと、
前記下部レールに直交し前記被支持体側に間隔をおいて
平行に固設され振動域の中央部が最高部分をなす凹状の
一対の上部レールと、前記各レールに各一対を組として
装着され少なくとも片側にフランジが形成された８個の
車輪及び該車輪を回動可能に軸支する車軸と、基準状態
において前記各レールに囲繞された空間中央部に配設さ
れ平面視において直角に交差して十字形に延びた交差基
部と該交差基部の先端側より軸芯が同一水平面上におか
れて突設された４本の中心軸部とを有する結合部材と、
一対を間隔を保持して向合わせた支持材４組の車軸支持
部とを包含し、前記支持材の中央部に前記中心軸部が回
動可能に装着され該支持材の両端部に前記車軸が該中心
軸部の軸芯と平行して固着され、地震動により前記各車
輪が前記各車軸回りに回動しつつ前記各レールに沿って
転動し前記車軸支持部は前記中心軸部軸芯回りに揺動可
能とされていることを特徴とする免震装置。1. A pair of concave lower rails mounted between a support and a supported body, fixed in parallel at intervals on the support side, and having a center portion of a vibration region as a minimum part;
A pair of concave upper rails that are fixed to the lower rail at right angles to the supported body side at intervals and are parallel to each other at the center of the vibration region and constitute the highest part, and each pair is mounted on each of the rails at least as a set. Eight wheels each having a flange formed on one side and an axle rotatably supporting the wheels, and are disposed at a central portion of a space surrounded by the rails in a reference state and intersect at right angles in plan view. A coupling member having a cross base extending in a cross shape, and four central shaft parts protruding from the front end side of the cross base and having their axes aligned on the same horizontal plane;
An axle support portion comprising four sets of support members facing each other with a space therebetween, wherein the center shaft portion is rotatably mounted at the center of the support material, and the axles are provided at both ends of the support material. Are fixed in parallel with the axis of the central shaft portion, and the respective wheels roll along the respective rails while rotating around the respective axles due to seismic motion. A seismic isolation device characterized by being capable of swinging around.
差基部の先端側より突設された同方向の中心軸部軸芯を
含む水平面が上下間隔をとっておかれていることを特徴
とする免震装置。2. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal plane including a center axis axis in the same direction protruding from a front end side of the intersection base is spaced vertically. And seismic isolation device.
ールに囲繞された空間中央部に配設された筒状又は柱状
の中心部材と、平面視において直角に交差し前記中心部
材の各壁面を貫通して固着され該中心部材の中心部より
十字形に延びた交差基部と、前記交差基部先端に固着さ
れた４本の中心軸部とを有することを特徴とする請求項
１又は２に記載の免震装置。3. A connecting member intersects at right angles in plan view with a cylindrical or columnar central member disposed in a central portion of a space surrounded by each of the rails in a reference state, and connects each wall surface of the central member. 3. The vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: an intersection base fixedly penetrating and extending in a cross shape from a center of the center member; and four center shafts fixed to a tip of the intersection base. Seismic isolation device.
ールに囲繞された空間中央部に配設され水平におかれた
板状体の中心部材と、平面視において直角に交差し上下
に軸芯間隔をおいて前記中心部材の上下面に固着され該
中心部材の中心部より十字形に延びた交差基部と、前記
交差基部先端に固着された４本の中心軸部とを有するこ
とを特徴とする請求項２に記載の免震装置。4. A center member of a plate-like body disposed in a central portion of a space surrounded by each of the rails in a reference state and intersecting at right angles in a plan view and vertically centering. A cross base fixed to upper and lower surfaces of the center member at intervals and extending in a cross shape from a center of the center member, and four center shafts fixed to a tip of the cross base. The seismic isolation device according to claim 2, which performs the operation.
て、結合部材の中心軸部の基軸部が各交差基部の軸芯部
に穿設された孔に回動可能に挿着され、支持材の中央部
に前記中心軸部の両外側が固着され、地震動により各車
輪が各車軸回りに回動しつつ前記各レールに沿って転動
し車軸支持部は前記中心軸部と一体で前記交差基部の軸
芯回りに揺動可能とされていることを特徴とする免震装
置。5. The seismic isolation device according to claim 3, wherein a base shaft of a center shaft of the coupling member is rotatably inserted into a hole formed in a shaft core of each cross base. Both outer sides of the central shaft portion are fixed to the center portion of the support material, and each wheel rolls along each rail while rotating around each axle by seismic motion, and the axle support portion is integrated with the central shaft portion. A seismic isolation device characterized in that it can swing around an axis of the cross base.
置において、車軸支持部の支持材として側面視において
断面略Ｕ字形材を用い、又は平面視において一対の断面
略コ字形材を背中合わせにし開口部を両端部において形
成したことを特徴とする免震装置。6. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a substantially U-shaped cross section is used as a support member of the axle support portion in a side view, or a pair of substantially U-shaped cross sections is viewed in a plan view. The seismic isolation device characterized in that the openings are formed at both ends with the back-to-back.
置において、車軸支持部の支持材を各一個とし該支持材
に一対の平行する車軸を片持ちで固着し、前記各車軸に
各車輪を回動可能に装着したことを特徴とする免震装
置。7. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a single support member is provided for the axle support portion, and a pair of parallel axles are fixed to the support member in a cantilever manner. A seismic isolation device characterized in that each wheel is rotatably mounted on the vehicle.
ールの少なくとも片側端部に突出するフランジが形成さ
れていることを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれかに記
載の免震装置。8. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a flange projecting from at least one end of each rail is formed in place of the flange formed on the wheel.
置において、相互に回動又は揺動する各構成部材間のい
ずれかに別体の軸受けを介在させたことを特徴とする免
震装置。9. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a separate bearing is interposed between any of the components that rotate or swing each other. Seismic isolation device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25104099A JP3233915B2 (en) | 1999-09-06 | 1999-09-06 | Seismic isolation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25104099A JP3233915B2 (en) | 1999-09-06 | 1999-09-06 | Seismic isolation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001074092A JP2001074092A (en) | 2001-03-23 |
| JP3233915B2 true JP3233915B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 |
Family
ID=17216730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25104099A Expired - Lifetime JP3233915B2 (en) | 1999-09-06 | 1999-09-06 | Seismic isolation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3233915B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104455195A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | All-metal multidirectional vibration isolator |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003038302A1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-08 | Advanced System Co., Ltd. | Base isolation device and method of installing base isolation device |
| JP2004084917A (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-03-18 | Advanced System Co Ltd | Base isolation device and method for installing base isolation device |
| JP5497235B1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-05-21 | ヤクモ株式会社 | Seismic isolation device |
-
1999
- 1999-09-06 JP JP25104099A patent/JP3233915B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104455195A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | All-metal multidirectional vibration isolator |
| CN104455195B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | The multidirectional vibration isolator of all-metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001074092A (en) | 2001-03-23 |
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