JP3218851B2 - Driving method of driving device using electro-mechanical conversion element - Google Patents
Driving method of driving device using electro-mechanical conversion elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP3218851B2 JP3218851B2 JP08112994A JP8112994A JP3218851B2 JP 3218851 B2 JP3218851 B2 JP 3218851B2 JP 08112994 A JP08112994 A JP 08112994A JP 8112994 A JP8112994 A JP 8112994A JP 3218851 B2 JP3218851 B2 JP 3218851B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- driving
- electro
- conversion element
- driven member
- mechanical conversion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Lens Barrels (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は電気−機械変換素子を
使用した駆動装置の駆動方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a driving method of a driving device using an electromechanical conversion element.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】カメラその他の精密機器を構成する部材
の駆動に、圧電素子を使用した駆動装置が提案されてい
る（特開平４−６９０７０号公報、特開昭６３−１１０
７４号公報参照）。2. Description of the Related Art A driving device using a piezoelectric element has been proposed for driving a member constituting a camera or other precision equipment (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 4-69070 and 63-110).
No. 74).
【０００３】図６はカメラに装着されたズームレンズの
駆動に応用された駆動装置の一例であつて、被駆動部材
であるレンズの鏡筒７１を支持する支持体７２の摺動嵌
合部７２ａ、７２ｂが駆動軸７３に摺動自在に摩擦接触
して嵌合している。また、駆動軸７３は、フレーム７７
の支持部７５、７６により軸方向に変位自在に支持され
ている。厚み方向に変位する圧電素子７８の一端は駆動
軸７３の軸方向端部に固定され、また、圧電素子７８の
他の端部はフレーム７７に固着され、圧電素子７８の厚
み方向の変位により、駆動軸７３は軸方向に変位する。FIG. 6 shows an example of a driving apparatus applied to driving a zoom lens mounted on a camera, and a sliding fitting portion 72a of a support 72 supporting a lens barrel 71 of a lens which is a driven member. , 72b are slidably and frictionally fitted to the drive shaft 73 and fitted. Further, the drive shaft 73 is
Are supported so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. One end of the piezoelectric element 78 that is displaced in the thickness direction is fixed to an axial end of the drive shaft 73, and the other end of the piezoelectric element 78 is fixed to the frame 77. The drive shaft 73 is displaced in the axial direction.
【０００４】また、７４は板ばねで、図示しない小ねじ
により支持体７２の摺動嵌合部７２ａ、７２ｂに、図６
で下側から固定されている。板ばね７４の中央部分には
上向きに屈曲した屈曲部７４ａが形成されているが、こ
れは屈曲部７４ａが駆動軸７３に圧接し、適当な摩擦力
を接触部に発生させるためのものである。[0004] A plate spring 74 is attached to the sliding fitting portions 72 a and 72 b of the support 72 by small screws (not shown) as shown in FIG.
Is fixed from below. A bent portion 74a that is bent upward is formed at the center portion of the leaf spring 74. The bent portion 74a presses against the drive shaft 73 to generate an appropriate frictional force at the contact portion. .
【０００５】図６に示す駆動機構において、図７で示す
ような急速な立ち上がり部とこれに続く緩やかな立ち下
がり部からなる波形の駆動パルスを圧電素子７８に印加
すると、駆動パルスの急速な立ち上がり部では圧電素子
７８が急速に厚み方向の伸び変位を生じ、駆動軸７３は
軸方向に矢印ａと反対方向へ急速に移動する。In the driving mechanism shown in FIG. 6, when a driving pulse having a waveform composed of a rapid rising portion as shown in FIG. 7 and a gentle falling portion following the driving pulse is applied to the piezoelectric element 78, the driving pulse rapidly rises. In the portion, the piezoelectric element 78 rapidly expands in the thickness direction, and the drive shaft 73 rapidly moves in the axial direction in the direction opposite to the arrow a.
【０００６】このとき、駆動軸７３に摺動嵌合部７２
ａ、７２ｂで支持されている支持体７２は、その慣性力
により駆動軸７３と支持体７２の摺動嵌合部７２ａ、７
２ｂとの摩擦力、及び駆動軸７３と板ばね７４の屈曲部
７４ａとの摩擦力に打ち勝つてその位置に留まるので、
レンズ鏡筒７１は移動しない。At this time, the sliding fitting portion 72 is attached to the drive shaft 73.
The support member 72 supported by the support members 72a, 72b is provided with a slide fitting portion 72a, 7 between the drive shaft 73 and the support member 72 due to its inertia force.
2b and the frictional force between the drive shaft 73 and the bent portion 74a of the leaf spring 74, and stays at that position.
The lens barrel 71 does not move.
【０００７】一方、駆動パルスの緩やかな立ち下がり部
では、圧電素子７８は緩やかに厚み方向の縮み変位を生
じるので、駆動軸７３は軸方向に矢印ａ方向に緩やかに
移動する。On the other hand, at the gently falling portion of the drive pulse, the piezoelectric element 78 gently undergoes contraction displacement in the thickness direction, so that the drive shaft 73 moves gently in the direction of arrow a in the axial direction.
【０００８】このとき、駆動軸７３と支持体７２の摺動
嵌合部７２ａ、７２ｂとの摩擦力、及び駆動軸７３と板
ばね７４の屈曲部７４ａとの摩擦力が、圧電素子７８に
より駆動軸７３に加えられた力以下であれば、支持体７
２は駆動軸７３と摩擦結合した状態で駆動軸７３と共に
矢印ａ方向に移動し、レンズ鏡筒７１は矢印ａで示す方
向に移動する。At this time, the frictional force between the drive shaft 73 and the sliding fitting portions 72a and 72b of the support 72 and the frictional force between the drive shaft 73 and the bent portion 74a of the leaf spring 74 are driven by the piezoelectric element 78. If the force is not more than the force applied to the shaft 73, the support 7
2 moves in the direction of arrow a together with the drive shaft 73 while being frictionally coupled to the drive shaft 73, and the lens barrel 71 moves in the direction indicated by arrow a.
【０００９】上記波形の駆動パルスを連続して圧電素子
７８に印加することにより、レンズ鏡筒７１を矢印ａで
示す方向へ連続して移動させることができる。レンズ鏡
筒７１を矢印ａと反対方向に移動させるには、緩やかな
立ち上がり部とこれに続く急速な立ち下がり部からなる
波形の駆動パルスを圧電素子７８に印加することで達成
することができる。By continuously applying the driving pulse having the above-described waveform to the piezoelectric element 78, the lens barrel 71 can be continuously moved in the direction indicated by the arrow a. The movement of the lens barrel 71 in the direction opposite to the arrow a can be achieved by applying to the piezoelectric element 78 a drive pulse having a waveform composed of a gentle rising portion and a subsequent rapid falling portion.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記したよ
うな圧電素子などの電気−機械変換素子を使用した駆動
装置では電気−機械変換素子の伸縮を利用しているか
ら、被駆動部材の移動速度は、電気−機械変換素子に印
加する駆動パルスの周波数と、印加された駆動パルスに
より生ずる電気−機械変換素子の変位量に関係し、印加
された駆動パルスに対して電気−機械変換素子の変位量
が一定であるならば、駆動パルスの周波数を高めること
で被駆動部材の移動速度を高めることができるように思
われる。In a driving apparatus using an electro-mechanical transducer such as a piezoelectric element as described above, since the expansion and contraction of the electro-mechanical transducer is utilized, the moving speed of the driven member is increased. Is related to the frequency of the drive pulse applied to the electro-mechanical transducer and the amount of displacement of the electro-mechanical transducer caused by the applied drive pulse, and the displacement of the electro-mechanical transducer relative to the applied drive pulse If the amount is constant, it seems that increasing the frequency of the driving pulse can increase the moving speed of the driven member.
【００１１】しかし、電気−機械変換素子に前記した鋸
歯状波の駆動パルスを印加すると、電気−機械変換素子
に「リンギング」と呼ばれる振動が生じ、発生する変位
にリンギング振動が付加される。電気−機械変換素子の
変位にリンギング振動が付加されると、電気−機械変換
素子の変位は図３（ｂ）のような振動となり、電気−機
械変換素子に結合する駆動部材も共に振動するため、結
果として被駆動部材の移動速度が低下する。However, when the above-mentioned sawtooth drive pulse is applied to the electro-mechanical transducer, vibration called "ringing" occurs in the electro-mechanical transducer, and ringing vibration is added to the generated displacement. When ringing vibration is added to the displacement of the electro-mechanical transducer, the displacement of the electro-mechanical transducer becomes a vibration as shown in FIG. 3B, and the driving member coupled to the electro-mechanical transducer also vibrates. As a result, the moving speed of the driven member decreases.
【００１２】駆動パルスの立ち上がり時間を駆動系の共
振周期の整数倍とすることでリンギング振動が発生しな
いことが知られている。しかしながら、駆動パルスの立
ち上がり時間は立ち下がり時間よりも短くしなければ被
駆動部材を動かすことはできない。これは駆動パルスの
立ち上がり時間を駆動周期の１／２未満、実質的にはも
つと小さくしなければならないということである。その
ため、駆動周期がとても短い場合、この立ち上がり時間
を共振周期の整数倍にする方法は採用することができな
い。It is known that ringing vibration does not occur by setting the rise time of the drive pulse to an integral multiple of the resonance cycle of the drive system. However, the driven member cannot be moved unless the rise time of the drive pulse is shorter than the fall time. This means that the rise time of the drive pulse must be reduced to less than half of the drive cycle, and substantially to the last. Therefore, when the driving cycle is very short, a method of making the rising time an integral multiple of the resonance cycle cannot be adopted.
【００１３】この発明の第１の目的は、より高速で被駆
動部材を駆動することができる電気−機械変換素子を使
用した駆動装置の駆動方法を提供することにある。A first object of the present invention is to provide a driving method of a driving device using an electro-mechanical conversion element capable of driving a driven member at higher speed.
【００１４】この発明の第２の目的は、電気−機械変換
素子に発生するリンギング振動を抑えて、より高速で被
駆動部材を駆動することができる電気−機械変換素子を
使用した駆動装置の駆動方法を提供することにある。A second object of the present invention is to drive a driving device using an electro-mechanical transducer capable of suppressing a ringing vibration generated in the electro-mechanical transducer and driving the driven member at a higher speed. It is to provide a method.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は上記課題を解
決するもので、請求項１の発明は、電気―機械変換素子
と、前記変換素子に結合して変換素子と共に変位する駆
動部材と、前記駆動部材に摩擦結合した被駆動部材から
構成される電気―機械変換素子を使用した駆動装置の駆
動方法において、前記駆動部材を緩やかに変位させて実
質的に駆動部材と共に被駆動部材を移動させるときは、
前記電気―機械変換素子に供給する駆動信号として所定
の一定電流が流れるようにし、前記駆動部材を急速に変
位させて駆動部材の移動によっても駆動部材との摩擦結
合に打勝たせて実質的に被駆動部材を移動させないとき
は、前記電気―機械変換素子に供給する駆動信号として
前記所定の一定電流よりも大きな電流が流れるように、
繰り返し前記駆動信号電流を制御することを特徴とす
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and an invention of claim 1 comprises an electro-mechanical conversion element, a driving member coupled to the conversion element and displaced together with the conversion element, In a driving method of a driving device using an electro-mechanical conversion element composed of a driven member frictionally coupled to the driving member, the driven member is gently displaced to substantially move the driven member together with the driving member. when,
A predetermined constant current is caused to flow as a drive signal supplied to the electro-mechanical conversion element, and the drive member is rapidly displaced to substantially overcome frictional coupling with the drive member even by movement of the drive member. When the driven member is not moved, a current larger than the predetermined constant current flows as a drive signal supplied to the electro-mechanical conversion element,
The driving signal current is repeatedly controlled.
【００１６】そして、前記駆動部材は、前記電気−機械
変換素子の厚み方向の変位により軸方向に変位する駆動
軸である。[0016] The driving member may include the electric-mechanical device.
Drive that displaces in the axial direction due to displacement in the thickness direction of the conversion element
Axis .
【００１７】また、前記駆動軸は、前記電気−機械変換
素子の厚み方向の変位により、軸方向に関して所定方向
の変位と該所定方向とは反対方向の変位とを連続して行
う駆動軸である。Further , the drive shaft is provided with the electro-mechanical conversion.
Predetermined direction with respect to axial direction due to displacement in the thickness direction of the element
And the displacement in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction are continuously performed.
Drive shaft .
【００１８】そして、前記被駆動部材は、前記電気−機
械変換素子の変位の方向に移動する被駆動部材である。[0018] The driven member includes the electric machine.
The driven member moves in the direction of displacement of the mechanical conversion element .
【００１９】また、前記被駆動部材は、前記電気−機械
変換素子の伸びと縮みの速度のうち速度が緩やかな変位
の方向に移動する被駆動部材である。The driven member may be the electric-machine
Slow displacement of the expansion and contraction speed of the conversion element
The driven member moves in the direction of .
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】電気−機械変換素子に所定の一定電流の駆動信
号が流れると、電気−機械変換素子は緩やかに変位して
駆動部材を移動させるので、駆動部材に摩擦結合した被
駆動部材も実質的に移動する。電気−機械変換素子に所
定の一定電流よりも大電流が流れると、電気−機械変換
素子は急速に変位して駆動部材を移動させるが、駆動部
材に摩擦結合した被駆動部材は慣性力により駆動軸との
摩擦結合に打勝ち、実質的にその位置に留まる。電気−
機械変換素子に一定電流の駆動信号と大電流の駆動信号
を交互に印加することで、駆動部材に摩擦結合した被駆
動部材を軸方向に移動させることができる。When a drive signal of a predetermined constant current flows through the electro-mechanical conversion element, the electro-mechanical conversion element is gradually displaced to move the drive member, so that the driven member frictionally coupled to the drive member is substantially formed. Go to When a current larger than a predetermined constant current flows through the electro-mechanical conversion element, the electro-mechanical conversion element is rapidly displaced to move the driving member, but the driven member frictionally coupled to the driving member is driven by inertial force. It overcomes the frictional connection with the shaft and remains substantially in its position. Electricity-
By alternately applying a constant current drive signal and a large current drive signal to the mechanical conversion element, the driven member frictionally coupled to the drive member can be moved in the axial direction.
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例について説明する。
図１はこの発明を適用したズームレンズの駆動機構を示
す。図１において、１１は被駆動部材であるズームレン
ズの鏡筒、１２は摩擦板、１３は駆動軸、１４は圧接ば
ねで、圧接ばね１４は小ねじ１４ａによりズームレンズ
鏡筒１１に固定されるが、このとき圧接ばね１４の中央
に設けた湾曲部１４ｂが摩擦板１２を下側に押圧するよ
うに構成されている。また、１５、１６は摩擦板１２が
駆動軸１３の軸方向にずれないようにする押さえ板で、
小ねじ１５ａによりズームレンズ鏡筒１１に固定されて
いる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows a drive mechanism of a zoom lens to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a lens barrel of a zoom lens which is a driven member, reference numeral 12 denotes a friction plate, reference numeral 13 denotes a drive shaft, reference numeral 14 denotes a press-contact spring, and press-contact spring 14 is fixed to the zoom lens barrel 11 by a small screw 14a. However, at this time, the curved portion 14b provided at the center of the press contact spring 14 presses the friction plate 12 downward. 15 and 16 are holding plates for preventing the friction plate 12 from shifting in the axial direction of the drive shaft 13,
It is fixed to the zoom lens barrel 11 by a small screw 15a.
【００２２】駆動軸１３はズームレンズ鏡筒１１と摩擦
板１２との間を貫通しており、圧接ばね１４により摩擦
板１２が駆動軸１３をズームレンズ鏡筒１１との間に挟
む方向に押圧されているので、駆動軸１３はズームレン
ズ鏡筒１１及び摩擦板１２と面接触し、接触面に適当な
摩擦力を発生させる。The drive shaft 13 penetrates between the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12, and the friction plate 12 is pressed by a pressure spring 14 in a direction to sandwich the drive shaft 13 between the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12. Therefore, the drive shaft 13 comes into surface contact with the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12, and generates an appropriate frictional force on the contact surface.
【００２３】２１はフレーム、２２及び２３はフレーム
２１に設けられた支持板で、駆動軸１３を軸方向に移動
自在に支持する。また１８は厚み方向に変位する圧電素
子であつて、その一端は駆動軸１３の端部に固着され、
他の端部はフレーム２１に設けられた支持板２４に固着
されている。Reference numeral 21 denotes a frame, and reference numerals 22 and 23 denote support plates provided on the frame 21 for supporting the drive shaft 13 movably in the axial direction. Reference numeral 18 denotes a piezoelectric element which is displaced in the thickness direction, one end of which is fixed to an end of the drive shaft 13.
The other end is fixed to a support plate 24 provided on the frame 21.
【００２４】なお、ズームレンズ鏡筒１１が駆動軸１３
の回りに回転することを防ぐため、駆動軸１３に並行な
図示しない支持軸を設け、ズームレンズ鏡筒１１を駆動
軸１３と支持軸とにより支持するようにするとよい。The zoom lens barrel 11 has a drive shaft 13
It is preferable to provide a support shaft (not shown) parallel to the drive shaft 13 so as to prevent the zoom lens barrel 11 from being rotated by the drive shaft 13 and the support shaft.
【００２５】次に、圧電素子の駆動方法について説明す
る。図２は圧電素子の等価回路を示すものであり、コン
デンサＣp に充電された電荷量が圧電素子の変位量に対
応する。従来は、圧電素子の駆動は供給する駆動パルス
の電圧で制御していた。即ち、等価回路のコンデンサＣ
p に充電される電荷量を駆動パルスの電圧の変化で制御
していた。Next, a method of driving the piezoelectric element will be described. FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric element. The amount of electric charge charged in the capacitor Cp corresponds to the amount of displacement of the piezoelectric element. Conventionally, the driving of the piezoelectric element has been controlled by the voltage of the supplied driving pulse. That is, the capacitor C of the equivalent circuit
The amount of charge charged to p was controlled by a change in the voltage of the drive pulse.
【００２６】例えば、図３の（ａ）に示すような急速な
立上り部と緩やかな立下り部からなる駆動パルス（電
圧）を圧電素子に印加すると、圧電素子は急速な伸びと
緩やかな縮み変位を生ずる。For example, when a drive pulse (voltage) having a rapid rising portion and a gentle falling portion as shown in FIG. 3A is applied to the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element rapidly expands and gradually displaces. Is generated.
【００２７】しかしながら、圧電素子は入力された駆動
パルスの変化に過応答して周期の短い振動が発生する。
この振動は「リンギング」と呼ばれるもので、このリン
ギングが圧電素子自体の変位に付加され、圧電素子は図
３の（ｂ）に示すような時間に対する変位を示す。However, the piezoelectric element generates a short-period vibration in response to a change in the input drive pulse.
This vibration is called "ringing", and the ringing is added to the displacement of the piezoelectric element itself, and the piezoelectric element exhibits a displacement with respect to time as shown in FIG.
【００２８】先に説明した通り、駆動パルスの立ち上が
り時間を駆動系の共振周期の整数倍とすることでリンギ
ング振動が発生しないことが知られているが、駆動パル
スの立ち上がり時間は立ち下がり時間よりも短くしなけ
れば被駆動部材を動かすことはできないから、これは駆
動パルスの立ち上がり時間を駆動周期の１／２未満、実
質的にはもつと小さくしなければならないということで
ある。As described above, it is known that ringing oscillation does not occur by setting the rise time of the drive pulse to an integral multiple of the resonance period of the drive system. However, the rise time of the drive pulse is longer than the fall time. Since the driven member cannot be moved unless it is also shortened, this means that the rise time of the drive pulse must be less than 1/2 of the drive cycle, and substantially shorter.
【００２９】そこで、この発明では、図２に示した前記
等価回路においてコンデンサＣp に充電された電荷量が
圧電素子の変位量に対応するから、圧電素子を急速に変
位させるときは大電流を流してコンデンサＣp を急速に
充電し、圧電素子を緩やかに変位させるときは一定電流
を流してコンデンサＣp を緩やかに充電するようにして
も圧電素子に所望の変位を発生させることができる点に
着目し、圧電素子を駆動する駆動信号の電流を制御する
駆動方法を開発した。Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of charge charged in the capacitor Cp in the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the amount of displacement of the piezoelectric element, so that a large current flows when the piezoelectric element is rapidly displaced. When the capacitor Cp is rapidly charged and the piezoelectric element is gradually displaced, a desired current can be generated in the piezoelectric element even when a constant current is supplied to slowly charge the capacitor Cp. A driving method for controlling the current of a driving signal for driving a piezoelectric element has been developed.
【００３０】図４は圧電素子の駆動回路の一例を示すも
ので、オペアンプＡm とトランジスタＴｒ1 、Ｔｒ2 か
らなる定電流回路ＲＣの入力側は電源Ｖ2 に接続され、
出力側は圧電素子１８に接続されている。また、電界効
果トランジスタＦＥＴのソース電極は電源Ｖ1 に接続さ
れ、ドレイン電極は定電流回路の出力側を経て圧電素子
１８に接続され、ゲート電極は制御パルス源に接続され
ている。FIG. 4 shows an example of a driving circuit for a piezoelectric element. The input side of a constant current circuit RC comprising an operational amplifier Am and transistors Tr1 and Tr2 is connected to a power supply V2.
The output side is connected to the piezoelectric element 18. The source electrode of the field effect transistor FET is connected to the power supply V1, the drain electrode is connected to the piezoelectric element 18 via the output side of the constant current circuit, and the gate electrode is connected to the control pulse source.
【００３１】その動作を説明すると、電界効果トランジ
スタＦＥＴのゲート電極に制御パルスが入力されるとソ
ース電極とドレイン電極が導通し、圧電素子１８は電源
Ｖ1に接続されて大電流が流れる。一方、ゲート電極に
制御パルスが入力されないときは、電界効果トランジス
タＦＥＴのソース電極とドレイン電極は非導通となり、
圧電素子１８には定電流回路ＲＣから所定の一定電流が
供給される。The operation will be described. When a control pulse is input to the gate electrode of the field effect transistor FET, the source electrode and the drain electrode become conductive, and the piezoelectric element 18 is connected to the power supply V1 and a large current flows. On the other hand, when no control pulse is input to the gate electrode, the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field-effect transistor FET become non-conductive,
A predetermined constant current is supplied to the piezoelectric element 18 from a constant current circuit RC.
【００３２】図５は図４に示す駆動回路により圧電素子
に供給される電流の変化と、圧電素子の変位を示すもの
で、図５（ａ）に示すように圧電素子に大電流（正方
向）と所定の一定電流（負方向）が交互に流れるとき
は、圧電素子は図５（ｂ）に示すように大電流（正方
向）に対応した急速な変位（伸び）と、一定電流（負方
向）に対応した緩やかに変位（縮み）とが交互に生ずる
ことを示している。FIG. 5 shows the change in the current supplied to the piezoelectric element by the drive circuit shown in FIG. 4 and the displacement of the piezoelectric element. As shown in FIG. ) And a predetermined constant current (negative direction) alternately flow, the piezoelectric element has a rapid displacement (elongation) corresponding to a large current (positive direction) and a constant current (negative direction) as shown in FIG. Direction) corresponding to a gradual displacement (shrinkage) corresponding to the direction.
【００３３】次に、図１に示すズームレンズの駆動機構
の動作を説明する。まず、ズームレンズ鏡筒１１を矢印
ａ方向に移動する場合を説明する。図４に示す圧電素子
駆動回路の電界効果トランジスタＦＥＴのゲート電極に
制御パルスを入力すると、圧電素子１８には正方向の大
電流が流れる。この結果、圧電素子１８は急速に厚み方
向の伸び変位を生じるので、駆動軸１３は軸方向に矢印
ａと反対方向に急速に移動する。このとき、ズームレン
ズ鏡筒１１及び摩擦板１２は、その慣性力により駆動軸
１３とズームレンズ鏡筒１１及び摩擦板１２との間の摩
擦力に打ち勝つて実質的にその位置に留まるので、移動
しない。Next, the operation of the drive mechanism of the zoom lens shown in FIG. 1 will be described. First, the case where the zoom lens barrel 11 is moved in the direction of arrow a will be described. When a control pulse is input to the gate electrode of the field effect transistor FET of the piezoelectric element driving circuit shown in FIG. 4, a large positive current flows through the piezoelectric element 18. As a result, since the piezoelectric element 18 rapidly expands in the thickness direction, the drive shaft 13 rapidly moves in the axial direction in the direction opposite to the arrow a. At this time, the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12 overcome the frictional force between the drive shaft 13 and the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12 due to their inertial force and substantially stay at that position. do not do.
【００３４】なお、ここでいう実質的とは、矢印ａ方向
と、これと反対方向のいずれにおいてもズームレンズ鏡
筒１１及び摩擦板１２が駆動軸１３との間に滑りを生じ
つつ追動し、駆動時間の差によつて全体として矢印ａ方
向に移動するものも含むことを意味している。どのよう
な移動形態になるかは、与えられた摩擦条件に応じて決
定される。The term “substantially” as used herein means that the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12 follow the drive shaft 13 while causing a slip between the drive shaft 13 and the arrow a in either direction. , Which include those that move in the direction of arrow a as a whole due to the difference in driving time. The type of movement is determined according to a given friction condition.
【００３５】次に、圧電素子駆動回路の電界効果トラン
ジスタＦＥＴのゲート電極の制御パルスが消失すると、
圧電素子１８には定電流回路ＲＣから所定の負方向の一
定電流が流れる。この結果、圧電素子１８は緩やかに厚
み方向の縮み変位を生じるので、駆動軸１３は軸方向に
矢印ａ方向に緩やかに移動する。Next, when the control pulse of the gate electrode of the field effect transistor FET of the piezoelectric element driving circuit disappears,
A constant current in a predetermined negative direction flows from the constant current circuit RC to the piezoelectric element 18. As a result, the piezoelectric element 18 causes a gradual contraction displacement in the thickness direction, so that the drive shaft 13 moves gently in the direction of the arrow a in the axial direction.
【００３６】このとき、ズームレンズ鏡筒１１は、摩擦
板１２が圧接ばね１４により押圧され、駆動軸１３とズ
ームレンズ鏡筒１１及び摩擦板１２とは面接触し、接触
面に発生する摩擦力により結合しているので、駆動軸１
３と共に実質的に矢印ａ方向に移動する。At this time, in the zoom lens barrel 11, the friction plate 12 is pressed by the pressure contact spring 14, and the drive shaft 13 comes into surface contact with the zoom lens barrel 11 and the friction plate 12, and the frictional force generated on the contact surface Drive shaft 1
3 and moves substantially in the direction of arrow a.
【００３７】圧電素子駆動回路の電界効果トランジスタ
ＦＥＴのゲート電極に連続的に制御パルスを入力して圧
電素子１８に正方向の大電流と負方向の所定の一定電流
が交互に流れるようにして圧電素子１８に伸び変位と縮
み変位を交互に生じさせ、ズームレンズ鏡筒１１を矢印
ａで示す方向へ連続して移動させることができる。A control pulse is continuously input to the gate electrode of the field effect transistor FET of the piezoelectric element driving circuit, so that a large positive current and a predetermined constant negative current flow through the piezoelectric element 18 alternately. The extension displacement and the contraction displacement are alternately generated in the element 18, and the zoom lens barrel 11 can be continuously moved in the direction indicated by the arrow a.
【００３８】ズームレンズ鏡筒１１を矢印ａと反対方向
に移動させるには、上記と逆に圧電素子１８に負方向の
大電流と、正方向の所定の一定電流が交互に流れるよう
にすることで達成することができる。In order to move the zoom lens barrel 11 in the direction opposite to the arrow "a", a large current in the negative direction and a predetermined constant current in the positive direction alternately flow through the piezoelectric element 18 in the opposite manner. Can be achieved.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、この発明によれ
ば、電気−機械変換素子に結合した駆動部材と、これに
摩擦結合した被駆動部材から構成される電気−機械変換
素子を使用した駆動装置の駆動方法において、駆動部材
を緩やかに変位させて実質的に駆動部材と共に被駆動部
材を移動させるときは、前記電気−機械変換素子に供給
する駆動信号として所定の一定電流が流れるようにし、
また、駆動部材を急速に変位させて駆動部材の移動によ
つても駆動部材との摩擦結合に打勝たせて実質的に被駆
動部材を移動させないときは、前記電気−機械変換素子
に供給する駆動信号として前記所定の一定電流よりも大
きな電流が流れるように、前記駆動信号電流を制御する
から、従来の駆動装置において発生するリンギング振動
を抑えることができ、より高速で被駆動部材を駆動する
ことができる。As described above, according to the present invention, a drive using an electro-mechanical transducer composed of a drive member coupled to an electro-mechanical transducer and a driven member frictionally coupled to the drive member. In the method of driving the device, when the driven member is displaced gently to substantially move the driven member together with the driving member, a predetermined constant current flows as a driving signal supplied to the electro-mechanical conversion element,
In addition, when the driven member is rapidly displaced to overcome the frictional coupling with the driven member even when the driven member is moved and the driven member is not substantially moved, the driving member is supplied to the electro-mechanical conversion element. Since the drive signal current is controlled so that a current larger than the predetermined constant current flows as the drive signal, ringing vibration generated in the conventional drive device can be suppressed, and the driven member is driven at a higher speed. be able to.
【図１】この発明の駆動方法を適用するに適した駆動装
置の構成を示す斜視図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a driving device suitable for applying a driving method of the present invention.
【図２】圧電素子の等価回路を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric element.
【図３】圧電素子の駆動パルス波形と圧電素子に発生す
る変位を説明する図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a drive pulse waveform of a piezoelectric element and a displacement generated in the piezoelectric element.
【図４】この発明による圧電素子の駆動回路を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a driving circuit of a piezoelectric element according to the present invention.
【図５】図４に示す駆動回路の出力電流と圧電素子に発
生する変位を説明する図。FIG. 5 is a view for explaining output current of the drive circuit shown in FIG. 4 and displacement generated in a piezoelectric element.
【図６】従来の電気−機械変換素子を使用した駆動装置
の構成の一例を示す斜視図。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a configuration of a driving device using a conventional electro-mechanical conversion element.
【図７】従来の電気−機械変換素子を使用した駆動装置
の駆動パルス波形を示す図。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a driving pulse waveform of a driving device using a conventional electro-mechanical conversion element.
１１ ズ−ムレンズ鏡筒 １２ 摩擦板 １３ 駆動軸 １４ 圧接ばね １８ 圧電素子 ２１ フレ−ム ２２、２３、２４ 支持板 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Zoom lens barrel 12 Friction plate 13 Drive shaft 14 Pressure contact spring 18 Piezoelectric element 21 Frame 22, 23, 24 Support plate
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H02N 1/00 - 15/04 Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H02N 1/00-15/04
Claims (5)
結合して変換素子と共に変位する駆動部材と、前記駆動
部材に摩擦結合した被駆動部材から構成される電気―機
械変換素子を使用した駆動装置の駆動方法において、 前記駆動部材を緩やかに変位させて実質的に駆動部材と
共に被駆動部材を移動させるときは、前記電気―機械変
換素子に供給する駆動信号として所定の一定電流が流れ
るようにし、前記駆動部材を急速に変位させて駆動部材
の移動によっても駆動部材との摩擦結合に打勝たせて実
質的に被駆動部材を移動させないときは、前記電気―機
械変換素子に供給する駆動信号として前記所定の一定電
流よりも大きな電流が流れるように、繰り返し前記駆動
信号電流を制御することを特徴とする電気―機械変換素
子を使用した駆動装置の駆動方法。An electro-mechanical conversion element comprising an electro-mechanical conversion element, a driving member coupled to the conversion element and displaced together with the conversion element, and a driven member frictionally coupled to the driving member is used. In the driving method of the driving device, when the driven member is gently displaced to substantially move the driven member together with the driving member, a predetermined constant current flows as a driving signal supplied to the electro-mechanical conversion element. When the driving member is rapidly displaced to overcome the frictional coupling with the driving member even by the movement of the driving member and the driven member is not substantially moved, the driving supplied to the electro-mechanical conversion element is performed. wherein the predetermined flow current larger than the constant current as a signal, an electrical and controlling the repetitive driving signal current - driven instrumentation using transducer Method of driving a.
子の厚み方向の変位により軸方向に変位する駆動軸であ
ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電気―機械変換素
子を使用した駆動装置の駆動方法。2. The electromechanical transducer according to claim 1, wherein the drive member is a drive shaft that is displaced in an axial direction by displacement of the electromechanical transducer in a thickness direction. The driving method of the driving device.
の厚み方向の変位により、軸方向に関して所定方向の変
位と該所定方向とは反対方向の変位とを連続して行う駆
動軸であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の電気―機
械変換素子を使用した駆動装置の駆動方法。3. The drive shaft according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft continuously performs a displacement in a predetermined direction with respect to the axial direction and a displacement in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction by a displacement in a thickness direction of the electro-mechanical conversion element. A driving method for a driving device using the electro-mechanical conversion element according to claim 2.
素子の変位の方向に移動する被駆動部材であることを特
徴とする請求項１に記載の電気―機械変換素子を使用し
た駆動装置の駆動方法。4. The driving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the driven member is a driven member that moves in a direction of displacement of the electro-mechanical conversion element. Drive method.
素子の伸びと縮みの速度のうち速度が緩やかな変位の方
向に移動する被駆動部材であることを特徴とする請求項
１記載の電気―機械変換素子を使用した駆動装置の駆動
方法。5. The driven member according to claim 1, wherein the driven member is a driven member that moves in a direction of a gradual displacement in speed of expansion and contraction of the electro-mechanical conversion element. A driving method of a driving device using an electro-mechanical conversion element.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08112994A JP3218851B2 (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1994-03-29 | Driving method of driving device using electro-mechanical conversion element |
| US08/404,240 US5589723A (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1995-03-15 | Driving apparatus using transducer |
| EP95104144A EP0675589B1 (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1995-03-21 | Driving apparatus using transducer |
| DE69522027T DE69522027T2 (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1995-03-21 | Drive device using a converter |
| US08/947,806 US6111336A (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1997-10-09 | Driving apparatus using transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08112994A JP3218851B2 (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1994-03-29 | Driving method of driving device using electro-mechanical conversion element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07274545A JPH07274545A (en) | 1995-10-20 |
| JP3218851B2 true JP3218851B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 |
Family
ID=13737792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08112994A Expired - Fee Related JP3218851B2 (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1994-03-29 | Driving method of driving device using electro-mechanical conversion element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3218851B2 (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1976038A1 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-01 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Bonding method for laminated piezoelectric element |
| EP1983586A2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of transferring vibrations generated by an electro-mechanical transducer to a vibration friction portion with a high degree of efficiency |
| EP1983587A2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of obtaining a stable frequency characteristic |
| EP1983589A2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of reducing height thereof |
| EP1983585A2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of improving a shock and vibration resistance thereof |
| EP1983590A2 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of driving a driving device |
| EP1983588A2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device having suitable stationary member as material |
| EP2019439A2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-28 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Position detecting device capable of improving detection accuracy |
| US7759634B2 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2010-07-20 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Position detecting device capable of improving detection accuracy |
| US7956515B2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2011-06-07 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of driving a driving apparatus capable of smoothly moving a moving member |
| US8466603B2 (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2013-06-18 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving apparatus |
| US8597457B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2013-12-03 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Bonding method for laminated piezoelectric element |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4600754B2 (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2010-12-15 | ソニー株式会社 | Imaging device |
| JP4555165B2 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2010-09-29 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | Driving device and driving method thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-03-29 JP JP08112994A patent/JP3218851B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8597457B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2013-12-03 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Bonding method for laminated piezoelectric element |
| EP1976038A1 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-01 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Bonding method for laminated piezoelectric element |
| US7633208B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2009-12-15 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of transferring vibrations generated by an electro-mechanical transducer to a vibration friction portion with a high degree of efficiency |
| EP1983585A2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of improving a shock and vibration resistance thereof |
| EP1983586A2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of transferring vibrations generated by an electro-mechanical transducer to a vibration friction portion with a high degree of efficiency |
| EP1983587A2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of obtaining a stable frequency characteristic |
| US7633209B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2009-12-15 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of obtaining a stable frequency characteristic |
| US7652407B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2010-01-26 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of improving a shock and vibration resistance thereof |
| EP1983588A2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device having suitable stationary member as material |
| US7755252B2 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2010-07-13 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device having suitable stationary member as material |
| EP1983589A2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of reducing height thereof |
| US7732982B2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2010-06-08 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving device capable of reducing height thereof |
| US7956513B2 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2011-06-07 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of driving a driving device |
| EP1983590A2 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of driving a driving device |
| US7759634B2 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2010-07-20 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Position detecting device capable of improving detection accuracy |
| US7733587B2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2010-06-08 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Position detecting device capable of improving detection accuracy |
| EP2019439A2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-28 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Position detecting device capable of improving detection accuracy |
| US7956515B2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2011-06-07 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of driving a driving apparatus capable of smoothly moving a moving member |
| US8466603B2 (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2013-06-18 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Driving apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07274545A (en) | 1995-10-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3218851B2 (en) | Driving method of driving device using electro-mechanical conversion element | |
| JP3358418B2 (en) | Driving mechanism using electro-mechanical conversion element | |
| US7567012B2 (en) | Drive unit | |
| US6111336A (en) | Driving apparatus using transducer | |
| US6803699B2 (en) | Drive mechanism employing electromechanical transducer and drive method therefor | |
| US7190104B2 (en) | Device and method utilizing electromechanical conversion element | |
| EP1605529A1 (en) | Piezoelectric actuator | |
| JP2001268951A (en) | Driver | |
| JP2002218773A (en) | Driver | |
| JP2002095272A (en) | Driver | |
| JPH11289780A (en) | Driver using electromechanical converting element | |
| US6051909A (en) | Drive device using electromechanical transducer | |
| JPH07298656A (en) | Driver and driving method thereof | |
| US7608979B2 (en) | Driving device and driving system | |
| JPH11356071A (en) | Drive unit using electromechanical transducing element and driving circuit therefor | |
| JPH11160599A (en) | Lens driving device | |
| US7671512B2 (en) | Impact drive actuator | |
| US7456546B2 (en) | Drive unit | |
| KR100809754B1 (en) | Drive unit | |
| JP5358415B2 (en) | Driving device and optical device | |
| KR101050852B1 (en) | Lens Drive for Piezo Motor | |
| JPH0417584A (en) | Ultrasonic actuator | |
| JPH10256881A (en) | Pulse generator | |
| JP2006075713A (en) | Driving gear | |
| JP3417237B2 (en) | Driving device using electromechanical transducer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080810 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080810 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090810 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090810 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100810 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |