JP3203896B2 - Ship rudder - Google Patents

Ship rudder

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Publication number
JP3203896B2
JP3203896B2 JP20795293A JP20795293A JP3203896B2 JP 3203896 B2 JP3203896 B2 JP 3203896B2 JP 20795293 A JP20795293 A JP 20795293A JP 20795293 A JP20795293 A JP 20795293A JP 3203896 B2 JP3203896 B2 JP 3203896B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rudder
rudder plate
plate
steering
ship
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP20795293A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0752888A (en
Inventor
忠司 大井
尚昭 岡村
義明 高橋
Original Assignee
石川島播磨重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 filed Critical 石川島播磨重工業株式会社
Priority to JP20795293A priority Critical patent/JP3203896B2/en
Publication of JPH0752888A publication Critical patent/JPH0752888A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3203896B2 publication Critical patent/JP3203896B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、船舶の舵に係り、特
に、舵板の形状を改良することにより舵効き性を向上さ
せた船舶の舵に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rudder of a ship, and more particularly to a rudder of a ship having improved rudder effectiveness by improving the shape of a rudder plate.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】図5に示すように、一般に、船舶1にお
いてその船尾部2に設けられる舵としては、舵板3がそ
の船首部3cにおいて舵心軸5に取り付けられ、舵板3
はその形状が船軸及び船舷方向の断面略矩形状のものが
採用されている。そして、図6に示すように、船舶1の
推進中に舵板3を操舵して例えば船軸に対して左舷側に
舵角θを与えると、舵板3の左舷側はこれに推進スクリ
ュ4からの海水等が衝突して圧力が上昇し、右舷側は圧
力が減少してこれらの差圧による舵板3乃至船尾部2を
右舷側に向ける揚力Fが発生する。この揚力Fによっ
て、船舶1はその船尾部2が右舷方向に押しずらされ進
行方向を左舷方向に変えることになる。
2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, in general, a rudder provided on a stern portion 2 of a ship 1 includes a rudder plate 3 attached to a rudder shaft 5 at a bow portion 3c.
The one having a substantially rectangular cross section in the direction of the axle and the side of the ship is employed. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, when the rudder plate 3 is steered during the propulsion of the boat 1 to give, for example, a steering angle θ to the port side with respect to the hull, the port side of the rudder plate 3 The pressure rises due to the collision of seawater and the like from the outside, the pressure decreases on the starboard side, and a lift F is generated due to these differential pressures to direct the rudder plate 3 to the stern 2 toward the starboard side. Due to the lift F, the stern portion 2 of the marine vessel 1 is pushed and shifted in the starboard direction, and the traveling direction is changed to the port side.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記した舵
を有する船舶の操舵性を高めようとすると、以下に述べ
るような問題がある。
By the way, there is a problem as described below when trying to enhance the steering performance of a ship having the above-mentioned rudder.

【0004】 舵板の数を増加させればよいが、操舵
機構が複雑化してしまう。
[0004] The number of steering plates may be increased, but the steering mechanism becomes complicated.

【0005】 舵板面積を増加させればよいが、これ
により操舵抵抗が増加し、より大きな操舵力が必要とな
り操舵機構が大型化してしまう。
[0005] It is sufficient to increase the area of the steering plate, but this increases the steering resistance, necessitating a larger steering force and increasing the size of the steering mechanism.

【0006】 舵角を増やせばよいが、舵板にはその
形状によって決定される最大揚力を発生する舵角(即ち
迎え角)があり、それ以上舵角を増やすと揚力が低下す
る(所謂ストール)ので限界がある。
The steering angle may be increased, but the rudder plate has a steering angle (ie, attack angle) that generates the maximum lift determined by the shape of the steering plate. If the steering angle is further increased, the lift decreases (so-called stall). ) So there is a limit.

【0007】そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決
し、舵板の形状を改良することにより舵効き性を向上さ
せた船舶の舵を提供することにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a rudder for a ship in which the rudder effect is improved by improving the shape of the rudder plate.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に本発明に係る船舶の舵は、舵板の下辺部を舵心軸より
船尾方向後方に順次下方に傾斜させると共に舵心軸側か
ら船尾方向後方に舵板の断面積を順次拡大し、且つ上記
舵板の下辺部に沿った端縁を鉛直方向に臨ませて尖端状
に形成したものである。
In order to achieve the above object, a rudder for a boat according to the present invention is provided in which a lower side portion of a rudder plate is sequentially inclined downward from a rudder axis rearward toward a stern and from the rudder axis side. The cross-sectional area of the rudder plate is sequentially enlarged rearward in the stern direction, and the edge along the lower side of the rudder plate is vertically formed to have a pointed shape.

【0009】また、上記舵板が、その上辺部が舵心軸よ
り船尾方向後方に順次上方に傾斜され、且つ上記舵板の
上辺部に沿った端縁が鉛直方向に臨んで尖端状に形成さ
れたものである。
The rudder plate is formed such that its upper side is sequentially inclined upward rearward in the stern direction from the rudder axis, and the edge along the upper side of the rudder plate is formed in a pointed shape facing the vertical direction. It was done.

【0010】[0010]

【作用】上記構成により、舵板に舵角を与えるとその舵
角を与えた反対側の下辺部或いは上辺部に沿った端縁に
海水等のたて渦が生じ、その側の圧力をさらに減少させ
てより大きな揚力を発生させることができ、これによっ
て舵効き性を向上することができる。
According to the above construction, when a rudder angle is given to the rudder plate, a swirl of seawater or the like is generated at an edge along the lower side or the upper side opposite to the rudder angle, and the pressure on that side is further increased. It is possible to generate a larger lift by reducing the force, thereby improving the steering effect.

【0011】[0011]

【実施例】以下本発明の一実施例を添付図面に基づいて
詳述する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

【0012】図1に示すように、舵板3は、その下辺部
3aが舵心軸5より船尾方向後方に順次下方に傾斜され
ると共に、その上辺部3bが舵心軸5より船尾方向後方
に順次上方に傾斜されて、舵心軸5側から船尾方向後方
に向けて断面積が順次拡大されるよう形成される。換言
すれば、舵板3は船首側から船尾側に向けて縦長が順次
伸長され、船軸方向の縦断面台形状に形成されたウエッ
ジ・シェイプとなっている。また舵板3は、その船首部
3cに船舷方向の縦断面矩形状とされる舵心軸5の取付
部6を有し、その取付部6より船尾側の下辺部3a及び
上辺部3bに沿った下端縁3d及び上端縁3eが、それ
ぞれ鉛直方向に臨んだ尖端状とされて船舷方向の縦断面
六角形状に形成される。このように尖端状に形成された
下端縁3d及び上端縁3eのエッジ角αは70°以下に
設定される。
As shown in FIG. 1, the rudder plate 3 has a lower side 3a which is sequentially inclined downward from the rudder shaft 5 rearward in the stern direction, and an upper side 3b which is rearward from the rudder shaft 5 in the stern direction. Are formed so that the cross-sectional area is gradually increased from the rudder shaft 5 side toward the rear in the stern direction. In other words, the rudder plate 3 is vertically elongated in a longitudinal direction from the bow side to the stern side, and has a wedge shape formed in a trapezoidal vertical cross section in the boat axis direction. Further, the rudder plate 3 has a mounting portion 6 for the rudder shaft 5 having a rectangular longitudinal section in the direction of the side of the ship at the bow 3c, and extends along the lower side 3a and the upper side 3b on the stern side of the mounting portion 6. The lower end edge 3d and the upper end edge 3e each have a pointed shape facing the vertical direction, and are formed in a hexagonal vertical section in the shipboard direction. The edge angle α of the lower edge 3d and the upper edge 3e thus formed in a pointed shape is set to 70 ° or less.

【0013】次に実施例の作用を述べる。Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

【0014】図2に示すように、船舶1の推進中、舵板
3に例えば左舷側の舵角θを与えると舵板3を右舷側に
押しずらす揚力Fが発生するが、その舵角θを与えた反
対側、即ち右舷側の下端縁3d及び上端縁3eに図示す
るような海水等のたて渦rが発生する。このたて渦rに
より、舵板3の舵角θを与えた反対側の圧力をより減少
させ結果的に大きな揚力Fを得ることができ、これによ
って舵効き性を向上することができる。
As shown in FIG. 2, during the propulsion of the vessel 1, when the rudder plate 3 is given, for example, a port side steering angle θ, a lift F is generated which pushes the rudder plate 3 to the starboard side. , A vertical vortex r of seawater or the like as shown in the figure is generated on the opposite side, that is, on the lower edge 3d and the upper edge 3e on the starboard side. Due to the vertical vortex r, the pressure on the opposite side of the rudder plate 3 that has given the steering angle θ can be further reduced, and as a result, a large lift F can be obtained, whereby the steering effectiveness can be improved.

【0015】このたて渦r発生のメカニズムを詳細に説
明する。図2(a)に示すように、舵板3には流速Vの
海水等の流れが衝突し、その流速Vの舵板3に対して垂
直方向の成分である流速Vu が舵板3に作用して揚力F
を発生させる。図2(b)に示すように、舵板3の上端
縁3e付近に衝突した流速Vu はその上端縁3eに沿っ
て上昇し、上辺部3bから弧状の軌跡を描いて離脱す
る。舵板3の右舷側では流速Vより低い流速Vs (図2
(a)参照)となるので、離脱直後では高い流速Vu
低い流速Vs との間に非常に薄い不連続層lができる。
不連続層lはその層内に小渦rs の場を有しているが、
粘性の影響で不連続層lは連続になるよう拡散し、小渦
s は次第に大渦rl となっていく。この過程により、
舵板3の右舷側には図2(c)に示すようなスパイラル
状のたて渦rが発生することになる。
The mechanism of the generation of the vortex r will now be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the rudder plate 3 collides the flow of sea water or the like of the flow velocity V, the flow velocity V u is a component in the vertical direction with respect to the rudder plate 3 of the flow velocity V is the rudder 3 Acting lift F
Generate. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the flow velocity V u colliding near the upper edge 3e of the rudder plate 3 is raised along the upper end edge 3e, detached from the upper side portion 3b depicts an arcuate trajectory. On the starboard side of the rudder 3, the flow velocity V s lower than the flow velocity V (FIG. 2)
(See (a))), immediately after the separation, a very thin discontinuous layer 1 is formed between the high flow velocity V u and the low flow velocity V s .
The discontinuous layer 1 has a small vortex r s field in its layer,
Discontinuous layer l under the influence of the viscosity diffuses so as to be continuous, small eddy r s is gradually become Maelstrom r l. Through this process,
On the starboard side of the rudder plate 3, a spiral vertical vortex r is generated as shown in FIG.

【0016】ここで、舵板3は船首側から船尾側に向け
て縦長が順次伸長されているので、推進に伴ってこのた
て渦rを上下に逃がさず順次後方に発達させながら送る
よう保持することができる。
Here, since the rudder plate 3 is vertically elongated from the bow side to the stern side, it is held so that the vertical vortex r does not escape up and down with the propulsion and is developed and sequentially developed backward. can do.

【0017】次に変形実施例について述べる。Next, a modified embodiment will be described.

【0018】図3に示すように、この第一の変形実施例
においては、舵板3はその左舷側のみ下端縁3d及び上
端縁3eにおいてエッジが落とされ、船舷方向の縦断面
縦長の台形状に形成される。このように舵板3を形成し
ても舵効き性を向上することができる。尚、このように
すると操舵方向の左右によって舵の効きが異なることが
懸念されるが、その影響はほとんど無視できる程度であ
り、それよりも下端縁3d及び上端縁3eを尖端状にし
たことによる効果の方が顕著に現れる。よって、舵板3
の右舷側のみエッジを落とす形状としてもよい。また、
片側のみエッジを落とすので両側を行う場合に比べ加工
の手間が半減し加工費を削減することができる。
As shown in FIG. 3, in this first modified embodiment, the rudder plate 3 has its lower end edge 3d and the upper end edge 3e only at the port side, and the trapezoidal shape has a vertically long vertical cross section in the side of the ship. Formed. Even if the rudder plate 3 is formed in this way, the rudder effect can be improved. In this case, there is a concern that the effectiveness of the rudder differs depending on the left and right of the steering direction, but the effect is almost negligible, and the lower end edge 3d and the upper end edge 3e are more sharp than that. The effect is more pronounced. Therefore, the rudder plate 3
The edge may be dropped only on the starboard side. Also,
Since the edge is dropped on only one side, the processing time is reduced by half and the processing cost can be reduced as compared with the case where both sides are cut.

【0019】また図4に示すように、この第二の変形実
施例においては、舵板3は、図1の実施例同様その下辺
部3aが船尾方向斜め下に伸長され下端縁3dは尖端状
とされるが、その上辺部3bは略水平に伸長され上端縁
3eは尖端状とされず、船舷方向の縦断面縦長の五角形
状に形成される。特に、舵板3の上方は船舶の外板(図
5参照)に覆われるので上記たて渦rは上方に逃げずら
く、他方舵板3の下方は開放されており下方には逃げや
すくなっていることから、このように舵板3の下部の形
状を変えるだけでも舵効き性を向上することができる。
As shown in FIG. 4, in this second modified embodiment, the rudder plate 3 has a lower side 3a extending obliquely downward in the stern direction and a lower end edge 3d having a pointed shape as in the embodiment of FIG. However, the upper side 3b is extended substantially horizontally, and the upper edge 3e is not pointed, but is formed in a pentagonal shape having a vertically long vertical cross section in the shipboard direction. In particular, since the upper part of the rudder plate 3 is covered by the outer plate of the ship (see FIG. 5), the vertical vortex r does not easily escape upward, while the lower part of the rudder plate 3 is open and easily escapes downward. Therefore, the steering effect can be improved only by changing the shape of the lower portion of the rudder plate 3 in this way.

【0020】尚、以上実施例の他にも舵板3の形状は様
々考えられ、例えば船首側から船尾側に向けてアール状
に伸長するよう形成してもよい。
The rudder plate 3 may have various shapes other than the embodiment described above. For example, the rudder plate 3 may be formed so as to extend in a round shape from the bow side to the stern side.

【0021】[0021]

【発明の効果】本発明は次の如き優れた効果を発揮す
る。
The present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

【0022】(1)舵板の形状を改良することにより大
きな揚力を発生させ、舵効き性を向上することができ
る。
(1) By improving the shape of the rudder plate, a large lift can be generated and the steering effect can be improved.

【0023】(2)構造を複雑化せず舵効き性を向上す
ることができ、軽量化、コスト等の点で有利である。
(2) The steering effect can be improved without complicating the structure, which is advantageous in terms of weight reduction and cost.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明に係る船舶の舵の一実施例を示す斜視図
である。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a rudder of a ship according to the present invention.

【図2】舵板に発生するたて渦を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a vertical vortex generated on a rudder plate.

【図3】舵板の第一の変形実施例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first modified example of the rudder plate.

【図4】舵板の第二の変形実施例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second modified example of the rudder plate.

【図5】船舶及び従来の舵を示す図で、(a)は側面
図、(b)はA−A線断面図である。
5A and 5B are views showing a ship and a conventional rudder, wherein FIG. 5A is a side view, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA.

【図6】船舶の操舵状態を示す上面図である。FIG. 6 is a top view showing a steering state of the boat.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

3 舵板 3a 下辺部 3d 下端縁 5 舵心軸 3 Rudder plate 3a Lower side 3d Lower edge 5 Rudder axis

フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭56−34596(JP,A) 実開 昭56−31998(JP,U) 実公 昭15−6133(JP,Y1) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) B63H 25/38 Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-34596 (JP, A) JP-A 56-31998 (JP, U) JP-A 15-6133 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int) .Cl. 7 , DB name) B63H 25/38

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 舵板の下辺部を舵心軸より船尾方向後方
に順次下方に傾斜させると共に舵心軸側から船尾方向後
方に舵板の断面積を順次拡大し、且つ上記舵板の下辺部
に沿った端縁を鉛直方向に臨ませて尖端状に形成してな
ることを特徴とする船舶の舵。
1. A lower portion of a rudder plate is sequentially inclined downward rearward in a stern direction from a rudder axis, and a cross-sectional area of the rudder plate is sequentially enlarged rearward in a stern direction from a rudder axis side. A rudder for a ship, wherein the edge along the part is formed in a pointed shape with the edge facing vertically.
【請求項2】 上記舵板が、その上辺部が舵心軸より船
尾方向後方に順次上方に傾斜され、且つ上記舵板の上辺
部に沿った端縁が鉛直方向に臨んで尖端状に形成された
請求項1記載の船舶の舵。
2. The rudder plate has an upper side portion which is sequentially inclined upward rearward in the stern direction from the rudder axis, and an edge along the upper side portion of the rudder plate is formed in a pointed shape facing the vertical direction. The rudder of a ship according to claim 1, wherein
JP20795293A 1993-08-23 1993-08-23 Ship rudder Expired - Fee Related JP3203896B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20795293A JP3203896B2 (en) 1993-08-23 1993-08-23 Ship rudder

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20795293A JP3203896B2 (en) 1993-08-23 1993-08-23 Ship rudder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0752888A JPH0752888A (en) 1995-02-28
JP3203896B2 true JP3203896B2 (en) 2001-08-27

Family

ID=16548261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20795293A Expired - Fee Related JP3203896B2 (en) 1993-08-23 1993-08-23 Ship rudder

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3203896B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0752888A (en) 1995-02-28

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