JP3193363U - Ligature - Google Patents

Abstract

【課題】適正圧力でマウスピースとリードを支持固定することにより、コントロール性が向上し演奏しやすくなるシングルリード楽器用リガチャーを提供する。
【解決手段】金属、プラスチック、木材、樹脂、繊維等の材料で製作した帯状部材でマウスピース１とリード２の脱着を容易にし、帯状部材３の開口部分の両端にある複数の紐挿通用孔５と開口部背面にある紐固定用孔６を利用して紐でマウスピース１とリード２を密着させ、帯状部材３と同じまたは異なる部材で製作したくさび状部材４で適正圧力を調整する器具で、脱着や調整で利便性を維持した上で、紐のみで固定したような豊かな音色・音量と軽やかな吹奏感を得ることができるリガチャーである。
【選択図】図１Provided is a ligature for a single lead musical instrument that is improved in controllability and easy to play by supporting and fixing a mouthpiece and a lead with an appropriate pressure.
A band-shaped member made of a material such as metal, plastic, wood, resin, fiber, etc. facilitates detachment of a mouthpiece 1 and a lead 2, and a plurality of string insertion holes at both ends of the opening of the band-shaped member 3 5 and a device for adjusting the appropriate pressure with a wedge-shaped member 4 made of the same or different member as the belt-shaped member 3 by making the mouthpiece 1 and the lead 2 in close contact with each other using the string fixing hole 6 on the back of the opening. This ligature allows you to obtain a rich tone and volume and a light feeling of wind that is fixed with a string while maintaining convenience through attachment and detachment and adjustment.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本考案はリガチャーに関し、特にシングルリード楽器用リガチャーに関するものである。 The present invention relates to ligatures, and more particularly to ligatures for single lead musical instruments.

シングルリード楽器でマウスピースとリードを固定する器具として、古くは紐を巻きつけて固定していた。 In the old days, a single reed instrument was used to fix the mouthpiece and reed by winding a string.

しかし、紐を巻き付ける方法は、脱着や調整で利便性に欠けるため、金属、プラスチック、木材、樹脂、繊維（例えば、特許文献1参照）等の材料で製作した帯状部材を1〜2本のネジで締めるリガチャーや、素材の弾力により固定するリガチャー（例えば、特許文献2参照）が、現在は広く普及している。 However, since the method of winding the string is not convenient for attachment / detachment or adjustment, a belt-shaped member made of a material such as metal, plastic, wood, resin, fiber (for example, see Patent Document 1) is one or two screws. At present, ligatures that are tightened with ligatures and ligatures that are fixed by the elasticity of the material (for example, see Patent Document 2) are widely used.

リガチャーは、帯状部材の材質・本数の違いを含むネジの有無・リードとの接触部分によって楽器の音色・音量・吹奏感に影響を与えることが、シングルリード楽器奏者には広く知られている。 It is widely known to single-lead musical instrument players that ligatures affect the tone, volume, and feel of the musical instrument depending on the material of the belt-like member, the presence or absence of screws including the number of pieces, and the contact portion with the lead.

特開2009-300674号公報JP 2009-300674 実用新案登録第3156919号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3156919

帯状部材を1〜2本のネジで締めリードを固定するリガチャーは、大きさおよび形状の違いからネジと帯状部材それぞれが楽器本体の発する音と共鳴し、部材同士で増幅や減殺することで、演奏者の意図しない音色・音量・吹奏感に影響を与えていると考えられる。このため、ネジで締めリードを固定するリガチャーを装着した場合は、紐のみで固定した場合と同等の音色・音量・吹奏感を得ることができない。 The ligature that fastens the band member with one or two screws and fixes the lead resonates with the sound emitted by the instrument body due to the difference in size and shape, and amplifies or attenuates between the members, This is thought to have influenced the unintended tone, volume, and feeling of wind. For this reason, when a ligature that secures the fastening lead with a screw is attached, it is not possible to obtain the same tone color, volume, and feeling of blowing as when only a string is secured.

素材の弾力により固定するリガチャーを装着した場合は、単一部材であるため共鳴による影響は少なく、紐のみで固定した音色・音量・吹奏感に近い効果が得られると考えられる。しかし、製品毎に与える圧力が一定であるため、自然素材であるリードの個体差に起因する微調整や、演奏者の力量や音楽表現による適正圧力の変化への対応ができない。また、リガチャーの性質上、常に振動しているため、素材の弾力性は経年劣化の影響をうけやすく、製品の耐久性が低い。 When a ligature that is fixed by the elasticity of the material is attached, it is a single member, so there is little influence of resonance, and it is considered that an effect close to the tone, volume, and feeling of wind fixed by a string alone is considered. However, since the pressure applied to each product is constant, it is impossible to make fine adjustments due to individual differences in the reed, which is a natural material, and to respond to changes in the appropriate pressure due to the player's ability and musical expression. In addition, because of the nature of the ligature, it always vibrates, so the elasticity of the material is easily affected by aging and the durability of the product is low.

本考案は前記課題に着目し、脱着や調整が容易で紐のみで調整したような、楽器本来がもつ豊かな音色や音量と軽やかな吹奏感を得ることができるリガチャーを提供することを目的としてなされたものである。 The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a ligature that can obtain the rich tone and volume of the instrument itself and a light sensation that is easy to attach and detach and adjust with only a string. It was made.

本考案に係るリガチャーは、脱着や調整で利便性を維持した上で、紐のみで固定した音色・音量・吹奏感を得るために、マウスピースとリードの脱着を容易にする帯状部材と、マウスピースとリードを密着する紐、および演奏者が好みの適正圧力をえるためのくさび状部材を用いるリガチャーである。 The ligature according to the present invention includes a band-shaped member that facilitates the attachment / detachment of the mouthpiece and the lead, in order to obtain a tone, volume and wind feeling that is fixed only with a string while maintaining convenience by attachment / detachment and adjustment, and a mouse. It is a ligature that uses a string that closely contacts the piece and the lead, and a wedge-shaped member that allows the performer to obtain the desired appropriate pressure.

マウスピースとリードを固定するという効果を、マウスピースとリードの脱着を容易にする機能、マウスピースとリードを密着する機能、適正圧力を加える機能に分解し、それぞれの機能を構成する部材が共鳴しにくい構造にすることで、脱着や調整で利便性を維持した上で、紐のみで固定したような豊かな音色・音量と軽やかな吹奏感を得ることができる。 The effect of fixing the mouthpiece and the lead is broken down into a function that makes it easy to attach and detach the mouthpiece and the lead, a function that brings the mouthpiece and the lead into close contact, and a function that applies appropriate pressure, and the members that make up each function resonate. With a structure that is difficult to perform, while maintaining convenience by attaching and detaching and adjusting, it is possible to obtain a rich tone and volume and a light sensation of feeling that are fixed only with a string.

帯状部材は、脱着を容易とすることと紐を固定する目的が達成できる範囲で、様々な素材の適用や外観デザインの多様化が可能である。 The band-shaped member can be applied with various materials and diversified in appearance design as long as the purpose of facilitating detachment and fixing the string can be achieved.

リードとマウスピースの適正圧力は、紐の張力によって発生する。このため紐は他の部材に比べて、継続使用に伴う劣化が激しいことが考えられる。しかし紐は演奏者にて容易に調達・交換可能であり、製品の耐久性が高い。また、演奏者は独自に紐を選定することで、張力や素材の違いによる音色の変化を追求する楽しみが得られる。 The proper pressure between the lead and the mouthpiece is generated by the tension of the string. For this reason, it is considered that the string is severely deteriorated by continuous use as compared with other members. However, the string can be easily procured and exchanged by the performer, and the durability of the product is high. In addition, the musicians can enjoy the pleasure of pursuing changes in timbre due to differences in tension and material by selecting strings independently.

本考案リガチャーの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of this invention ligature. a)は帯状部材の正面図、b)は上面図、c)はa−a’断面図、d)はb−b’断面図、e)は側面図、f)はc−c’断面図、g)はd−d’断面図である。a) is a front view of the belt-like member, b) is a top view, c) is a cross-sectional view along aa ', d) is a cross-sectional view along bb', e) is a side view, and f) is a cross-sectional view along cc '. , G) is a sectional view taken along line dd ′. くさび状部材を示すもので、a)は側面図、b)は上面図である。A wedge-shaped member is shown, in which a) is a side view and b) is a top view. くさび状部材を組み込んだ状態を示すもので、a)は左側面図、b)は右側面図である。FIG. 2 shows a state in which a wedge-shaped member is incorporated, in which a) is a left side view and b) is a right side view. 本考案リガチャーをリードと共にマウスピースに取り付けた状態を示すもので、a)は開口部の正面図、b)が開口部の背面図である。The state which attached the ligature of this invention to the mouthpiece with the lead | read | reed is shown, a) is a front view of an opening part, b) is a rear view of an opening part.

図1に示すとおり、帯状部材を用いることで、紐のみで固定するリガチャーに比べて脱着が容易である。また、紐のみで固定するためにマウスピースへのすべり止め加工が不要となるため、すべてのマウスピースに適用できる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the use of a band-shaped member makes it easier to attach and detach than a ligature that is fixed only by a string. Further, since the mouthpiece is not slipped because it is fixed only by the string, it can be applied to all mouthpieces.

帯状部材は、マウスピースを包むような形状で一部開口部分をもつ。図2 a)に示すとおり、開口部分両端に紐挿通用孔をもち、1本の紐と帯状部材で構成した円筒形の口径を狭めることでマウスピースとリードを密着させる。圧力を発生させる紐は1本であるため開口部は一定圧力で均等に締まる。また図2 b)に示すとおり、開口部背面には紐固定用孔をもち、孔に紐を通過し縛ることで紐を容易に固定することができる。 The belt-like member has a shape that encloses the mouthpiece and a part of the opening. As shown in FIG. 2 a), the mouthpiece and the lead are brought into close contact with each other by having a string insertion hole at both ends of the opening portion and narrowing the cylindrical aperture composed of one string and a belt-like member. Since there is only one string that generates pressure, the openings are evenly tightened at a constant pressure. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 b), the back surface of the opening has a string fixing hole, and the string can be easily fixed by passing the string through the hole and tying it.

帯状部材の紐挿通用孔は、左右対称に片側4箇所以上ある。図2 c)に示すとおり、紐挿通用孔の最上段および最下段は、マウスピース側に貫通し、図2 d)に示すとおり、残りの紐挿通用孔は開口部側に貫通する。この構造により、リガチャー装着時に開口部において、マウスピース・リードとリガチャーは縦2本の紐によって密着することとなり、均一な圧力を実現するとともに摩擦による左右のズレを防止する。また内径側の最上段と最下段の孔は上下の溝で結ばれているため、締め付けにより内径が狭まる場合や左右への力がかかっても、紐はズレにくい。 There are four or more holes for string insertion in the belt-like member on one side in a bilaterally symmetrical manner. As shown in FIG. 2 c), the uppermost and lowermost stages of the string insertion holes penetrate to the mouthpiece side, and as shown in FIG. 2 d), the remaining string insertion holes penetrate to the opening side. With this structure, when the ligature is attached, the mouthpiece lead and the ligature are in close contact with each other by the two vertical strings at the opening, realizing a uniform pressure and preventing left and right displacement due to friction. Further, since the uppermost and lowermost holes on the inner diameter side are connected by upper and lower grooves, even if the inner diameter is narrowed by tightening or a force to the left and right is applied, the string is not easily displaced.

帯状部材の厚さは自由に選択できるが、開口部は紐挿通用孔の強度維持のため一定の厚みを確保する構造とする。図2 e)、図2 f) および図2 g)に示すとおり、強度を維持した上で内部に空間構造をもつこともでき、重量軽減を実現する。帯状部材は軽量であればあるほど共鳴する楽器への影響を少なくする効果が期待できる。 The thickness of the belt-shaped member can be freely selected, but the opening has a structure that ensures a certain thickness in order to maintain the strength of the string insertion hole. As shown in Fig. 2 e), Fig. 2 f) and Fig. 2 g), while maintaining the strength, it can also have a spatial structure inside, realizing weight reduction. The lighter the band member, the lower the effect on the resonating instrument.

帯状部材の紐挿通用孔は、直径3mmとする。貫通する紐であれば、平紐・丸紐・角紐等の形状や、繊維・革・金属などの素材は自由に組み合わせることができる。これにより、様々な大きさのシングルリード楽器への適用だけでなく、曲目や演奏形態にあわせた選択や、技量・身体差などへの最適化など、演奏者の好みにあわせて工夫することができる。 The string insertion hole of the belt-shaped member has a diameter of 3 mm. If it is a penetrating string, the shape of flat string, round string, square string, etc., and materials such as fiber, leather and metal can be combined freely. As a result, not only can it be applied to single-lead instruments of various sizes, but it can also be devised according to the player's preference, such as selection according to the program and performance form, optimization for skills and physical differences, etc. it can.

リガチャーをマウスピースに装着し紐を固定した状態で、リードの微調整や更なる圧力を必要とする場合、開口部の紐の間に図3に示すくさび状部材を挿入することで、紐の張力を高めることができる。紐挿通用孔は前記のとおり開口部側に貫通しているため、くさび状部材を挿入してもマウスピース・リードと干渉しない。くさび状部材は紐の間に浮いた形となるため、紐がくさび状部材の振動を吸収し共鳴による音質の変化を最小限にすることができる。 When the ligature is attached to the mouthpiece and the string is fixed, if fine adjustment of the lead or further pressure is required, insert the wedge-shaped member shown in Fig. 3 between the strings in the opening, Tension can be increased. Since the string insertion hole penetrates to the opening side as described above, even if a wedge-shaped member is inserted, it does not interfere with the mouthpiece lead. Since the wedge-shaped member floats between the strings, the string absorbs the vibration of the wedge-shaped member, and the change in sound quality due to resonance can be minimized.

以下、添付図面の図4および図5にしたがって実施例を説明する。1はマウスピース、2はリードである。3は本考案リガチャー帯状部材で1のマウスピースと2のリードを固定するもので、5の開口部紐挿通用孔に紐をとおし、余剰の紐を6の開口部背面紐固定用孔に結ぶことで格納する。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings. 1 is a mouthpiece, 2 is a lead. 3 is a ligature belt member of the present invention, which fixes 1 mouthpiece and 2 leads, passes the string through the opening string insertion hole of 5 and ties the excess string to the opening string fixing hole of 6 opening. To store.

装着の際は、あらかじめ5の開口部紐挿通用孔に紐をとおし、余剰の紐を6の開口部背面紐固定用孔に結んだ3の本考案リガチャー帯状部材を、1のマウスピースと2のリードを調整した状態で、押し下げるだけで、2のリードを密着することができる。締め付けが足りない場合には、4の本考案リガチャーくさび状部材を、開口部に挿入して紐の張力を高め、2のリードに適切な圧力をかけることができる。外す際には、3の本考案リガチャー帯状部材を押し上げるだけで、2のリードを撤去することができる。 When installing, connect the 3 ligature belt-like members of the present invention, which have been passed through the opening opening for inserting the 5 opening cords in advance and the excess string to the fixing hole for the 6 opening back straps. The lead of 2 can be brought into close contact by simply pressing down with the lead of the lead adjusted. When tightening is insufficient, the present invention ligature wedge-shaped member can be inserted into the opening to increase the tension of the string and apply appropriate pressure to the lead of 2. When removing, the lead of 2 can be removed simply by pushing up the ligature belt-like member of 3 of the present invention.

装着の方向は、図4 a）および図5 a)に示すとおり開口部側に2のリードを固定する方法と、図4 a）および図5 a)に示すとおり開口部背面側に2のリードを固定する方法の、両方が可能であり、演奏者の好みにより工夫することができる。 As shown in Fig. 4 a) and Fig. 5 a), the mounting direction is to fix 2 leads on the opening side, and 2 leads on the back side of the opening as shown in Fig. 4 a) and Fig. 5 a). Both methods are possible, and can be devised according to the player's preference.

1.マウスピース 2.リード 3.本考案リガチャー帯状部材 4.本考案リガチャーくさび状部材 5.開口部紐挿通用孔 6. 開口部背面紐固定用孔 7. 開口部溝 8. 帯状部材内空間 1. Mouthpiece 2. Lead 3. Invented ligature belt-shaped member 4. Invented ligature wedge-shaped member 5. Opening string insertion hole 6. Opening rear string fixing hole 7. Opening groove 8. Space in band-shaped member

Claims (5)

クラリネット、サキソフォン等のシングルリード楽器用のマウスピースとリードを支持固定するために、帯状部材でマウスピースとリード脱着を容易にし、帯状部材の開口部分の両端を紐で締めることでマウスピースとリードを密着させ、紐の間にくさび状部材を挿入することで前記紐の張力を高めマウスピースとリードの適正圧力を得ることを特徴とするリガチャー。 In order to support and fix the mouthpiece and lead for single lead musical instruments such as clarinet and saxophone, the mouthpiece and lead can be easily attached and detached with a belt-like member, and the mouthpiece and lead are tightened with a string at both ends of the opening of the belt-like member. The ligature is characterized in that by inserting a wedge-shaped member between the strings, the tension of the string is increased to obtain an appropriate pressure between the mouthpiece and the lead. 請求項1記載のリガチャーにおいて、前記帯状部材に金属、プラスチック、木材、樹脂等の材料を用いて材料から発生する弾力性または剛性を利用し、マウスピースとリードを固定すると同時に脱着を容易にすることを特徴とするリガチャー。 2. The ligature according to claim 1, wherein the band-shaped member is made of a material such as metal, plastic, wood, resin, etc., and uses elasticity or rigidity generated from the material to fix the mouthpiece and the lead and at the same time facilitate attachment / detachment. A ligature characterized by that. 請求項1または2記載のリガチャーにおいて、前記帯状部材の開口部分の両端にある複数の紐挿通用孔と開口部背面にある紐固定用孔を利用し、皮革、布、樹脂、金属等の材料を用いた紐で締めることで、マウスピースとリードを密着することを特徴とするリガチャー。 3. The ligature according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of string insertion holes at both ends of the opening portion of the band-shaped member and a string fixing hole at the back of the opening are used, and materials such as leather, cloth, resin, metal, etc. The ligature is characterized in that the mouthpiece and the reed are brought into close contact with each other by tightening with a string using a wire. 請求項1〜3のうちいずれか1項記載のリガチャーにおいて、締めた紐の間に帯状部材と同じ又は異なるくさび形部材を挿入し、紐の張力を変化させることでマウスピースとリードを密着し、適正圧力を発生させることを特徴とするリガチャー。 The ligature according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a wedge-shaped member that is the same as or different from the belt-like member is inserted between the tightened strings, and the mouthpiece and the lead are brought into close contact with each other by changing the tension of the string. A ligature characterized by generating an appropriate pressure. 請求項1〜4のうちいずれか1項記載のリガチャーにおいて、前記帯状部材の内部に空間構造をもつ又は空間構造をもたないことを特徴とするリガチャー。 The ligature according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the band-shaped member has a spatial structure or has no spatial structure.

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