JP2021028706A - Acoustic improvement device for wind instrument - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、管楽器の音響改善を図る装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a device for improving the acoustics of a wind instrument.
木管楽器や金管楽器のサウンドの源は、マウスピースに装着されたリードの「振動」である。吹奏者の呼気の力で発生したリードの振動が、マウスピース、ネック、管楽器本体へと伝わり、最終的に管楽器本体が響いて強く振動すると、反応が良く、よく鳴り響くことができる。このことは従来から吹奏者の認識であり、マウスピースの振動エネルギーをロス無く楽器本体へ伝えて、より響かせようとする技術によって音響向上を図っていた。 The source of the sound of woodwind and brass instruments is the "vibration" of the reeds attached to the mouthpiece. The vibration of the reed generated by the exhaled force of the brass band is transmitted to the mouthpiece, neck, and the wind instrument body, and when the wind instrument body finally resonates and vibrates strongly, the reaction is good and it can resonate well. This has traditionally been recognized by the brass band, and the sound has been improved by a technique that transmits the vibration energy of the mouthpiece to the instrument body without loss and makes it more reverberant.
ほとんどの管楽器は、２つ以上の接合部分で構成されている。図１２又は図１３に示すように、サックスやクラリネットのマウスピース１と楽器本体の接合部分ではコルク６が使用されている。このコルク６がマウスピース１から楽器本体への振動伝達を一番阻害している部分である。従来から行われていた音響改善の仕方としては、図１２や図１３に示すように、サックスやクラリネットのマウスピース１と楽器本体の接合部分で使用されているコルク６に接することなく、マウスピース１と、サックスのネック７やクラリネットの樽１０とをブリッジするように、サウンドブリッジ金具８（例えば、非特許文献１を参照）をゴム紐９等で取り付け、コルク６を迂回して、サウンドブリッジ金具８を介して直接、マウスピース１の振動を楽器本体に伝えるやり方がある。このやり方によれば、楽器本体がよく響くようになって音量が上がるといった効果がある。
また、特許文献１や非特許文献２に開示されたワイヤーリガチャーは、図１４に示すように、ワイヤーリガチャー１８が、マウスピース１とサックスのネック７とをブリッジし、コルク６を迂回して、マウスピース１の振動を楽器本体に伝え、サックスの楽器本体がよく響くようにして音量を上げる効果を有するものである。
Most wind instruments are made up of two or more joints. As shown in FIG. 12 or 13, cork 6 is used at the joint portion between the mouthpiece 1 of the saxophone or clarinet and the main body of the musical instrument. This cork 6 is the part that most hinders the transmission of vibration from the mouthpiece 1 to the instrument body. As a conventional method of improving sound, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the mouthpiece does not come into contact with the cork 6 used at the joint between the mouthpiece 1 of the saxophone or clarinet and the musical instrument body. A sound bridge metal fitting 8 (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1) is attached with a rubber cord 9 or the like so as to bridge 1 with a saxophone neck 7 or a clarinet barrel 10, bypassing cork 6 and sound bridge. There is a method of transmitting the vibration of the mouthpiece 1 directly to the musical instrument body via the metal fitting 8. According to this method, the instrument itself sounds well and the volume is raised.
Further, in the wire ligature disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 14, the wire ligature 18 bridges the mouthpiece 1 and the neck 7 of the saxophone and bypasses the cork 6. It has the effect of transmitting the vibration of the mouthpiece 1 to the musical instrument body so that the saxophone musical instrument body resonates well and raises the volume.
図１２乃至１４に示されるマウスピース１における振動は、直接、サックスのネック７やクラリネットの樽１０へ伝達されることにより、楽器の音量、響きが向上する。そのため、呼気がしっかり楽器に入らない初心者の場合であっても、その演奏の補助的効果として期待され、楽器本体とは別に購入され、使用されている。 The vibration in the mouthpiece 1 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 is directly transmitted to the neck 7 of the saxophone and the barrel 10 of the clarinet, so that the volume and sound of the musical instrument are improved. Therefore, even if the beginner does not get into the instrument firmly, it is expected as an auxiliary effect of the performance, and it is purchased and used separately from the instrument itself.
また、図１６に示すように、従来の楽器、例えば、サックスでは、サックス本体１１とネック７との間のジョイントは、ジョイントネジ１２で接続されており、このジョイントネジ１２は、真鍮製ネジまたは真鍮にラッカー塗装もしくは鍍金処理を施したネジが一般的で、これをチタン製のジョイントネジに換えることによって、マウスピース１からネック７へ伝わった振動がサックス本体１１へ伝わりやすくなり、楽器の響き、音色が向上することが知られている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 16, in a conventional musical instrument, for example, a saxophone, the joint between the saxophone body 11 and the neck 7 is connected by a joint screw 12, and the joint screw 12 is a brass screw or a brass screw. Generally, brass is lacquered or plated, and by replacing this with a titanium joint screw, the vibration transmitted from the mouthpiece 1 to the neck 7 is easily transmitted to the saxophone body 11, and the sound of the instrument is heard. , It is known that the tone is improved.
また、ＮＣ加工によって極低温処理された無垢材から一つ一つ丹念に削り出された直径約９ｍｍのスウィングチップと呼ばれるボタン型チップが知られている。このボタン形状は、スウィングチップ自体の響きと楽器との調和を実現するため、複数のプロ・ミュージシャンによる実地テストの結果、求められた最適の形状であり、その表面には、スウィングチップ自体の共振周波数に特定のピークを作らず、楽器が発生する振動周波数により敏感に反応するよう、コンピューター・プログラミングで切削される特殊なウェーブ加工がなされている。スウィングチップは、さらに１種類の特殊音響処理が施され、素材自体の性能を上げ、ストレートでパワフルかつ安定した演奏を実現できる。この小さなスウィングチップを楽器の指定箇所に貼附するだけで、楽器の無駄な振動を除去して振動エネルギーを音に変換する効率を上げ、楽器自体の演奏性能を向上させ、音にパワーと方向性を与えることができる。 Further, there is known a button-type tip called a swing tip having a diameter of about 9 mm, which is carefully carved one by one from solid wood that has been subjected to extremely low temperature treatment by NC processing. This button shape is the optimum shape obtained as a result of field tests by multiple professional musicians in order to achieve harmony between the sound of the swing chip itself and the musical instrument, and the resonance of the swing chip itself is on the surface. It is specially wave-processed by computer programming so that it does not create a specific peak in the frequency and reacts more sensitively to the vibration frequency generated by the instrument. The swing tip is further subjected to one type of special acoustic processing to improve the performance of the material itself, and can realize straight, powerful and stable performance. By simply attaching this small swing tip to the designated part of the instrument, it removes unnecessary vibration of the instrument, improves the efficiency of converting vibration energy into sound, improves the performance performance of the instrument itself, and powers and directions the sound. Can give sex.
また従来、リードの振動に関して、吹奏者はリードを固定するリガチャーの材質や形状を考慮して、音質、吹奏感、楽器との相性で吹奏しやすいアイテムを選んでいた。特にリガチャーの材料になる金属を数千回、ハンマーで叩き鍛錬した金属の音を聞くと、鍛錬する前より、よりカン高い音になり、それを元にして作成したリガチャーは、楽器の倍音を多く引き出して楽器の表現力が豊かになり、プロの奏者に絶大な支持を受けている。 In addition, with regard to the vibration of the reed, the player has selected an item that is easy to play in terms of sound quality, feeling of playing, and compatibility with the musical instrument, considering the material and shape of the ligature that fixes the reed. In particular, when you hear the sound of metal that is forged by hitting the metal that is the material of the ligature with a hammer thousands of times, the sound becomes higher than before forging, and the ligature created based on that sounds the overtones of the instrument. The expressive power of the instrument has been enriched by pulling out a lot, and it has received tremendous support from professional players.
これらの他、図１５で示すような、サックスのＵ字管接合部１９の二ヶ所をハンダ付けして、管体を伝達する振動のロスを少なくする工夫などがある。大多数の楽器でこの部分は接着剤で固定してあり、このＵ字管接合部１９付近は低音吹奏時の振動伝達が弱いとされている場所である。 In addition to these, there is a device for reducing the loss of vibration transmitted through the pipe body by soldering two places of the U-shaped pipe joint portion 19 of the saxophone as shown in FIG. In most musical instruments, this part is fixed with an adhesive, and the vicinity of the U-shaped pipe joint 19 is a place where vibration transmission during bass playing is considered to be weak.
吹奏中のリード振動で発生するサウンド源の振幅波形は、以下のように２つに分けて考えることができる。一つ目の振幅波形は、リードが振動して発生する振幅波形の大部分であり、マウスピースから吹き込む息の流れと共に楽器内を通過して出る振幅波形である。そして二つ目の振幅波形は、リードで発生する振動と、これがマウスピースに伝わり共鳴振動した際、この２つの振動が干渉、重畳されて生ずる歪んだ振幅波形である。 The amplitude waveform of the sound source generated by the reed vibration during the brass band can be considered as follows. The first amplitude waveform is most of the amplitude waveform generated by the vibration of the lead, and is the amplitude waveform that passes through the instrument along with the flow of breath blown from the mouthpiece. The second amplitude waveform is a vibration generated by the lead and a distorted amplitude waveform generated by interference and superposition of these two vibrations when the vibration is transmitted to the mouthpiece and resonates.
この二つ目の振幅波形の振動がマウスピースに伝わり共鳴振動する。そのリード振動と共鳴振動が干渉、重畳され、さらに振幅波形を歪ませる。これがサウンド源の振幅波形とマウスピース内で混ざって楽器内を通過する。それが今日まで「その楽器のサウンド」として演奏者や聴衆の耳に馴染んでいた。しかしこの状態ではリードが発したサウンドの振幅波形は歪んだ振幅波形を含んでいるため１００％正常な波形ではない。 The vibration of this second amplitude waveform is transmitted to the mouthpiece and resonates. The lead vibration and the resonance vibration interfere with each other and are superimposed on each other, further distorting the amplitude waveform. This mixes with the amplitude waveform of the sound source in the mouthpiece and passes through the instrument. Until today, it has been familiar to the ears of performers and audiences as "the sound of the instrument." However, in this state, the amplitude waveform of the sound emitted by the lead is not a 100% normal waveform because it includes a distorted amplitude waveform.
かかる状況に鑑みて、本発明は、従来よりもリードの振動効率を向上させ、楽器本体に好ましい影響を与える音作りができ、その吹奏する音質を演奏者の好みに合わせて調節できる音響改善装置を提供することを目的とする。 In view of such a situation, the present invention is an acoustic improvement device capable of improving the vibration efficiency of the reed as compared with the conventional case, creating a sound having a favorable effect on the musical instrument body, and adjusting the sound quality of the reed to suit the taste of the performer. The purpose is to provide.
本発明は、リード振動とマウスピース共鳴振動双方の振動を分け、上述した課題を解決するものである。先ず吹奏中、リードにより発生する振動が、マウスピースに伝わり共鳴振動する。この時、リードとマウスピース二つの振動が干渉、重畳して、リード振動で発生する振幅波形のサウンドがその影響を受けて歪む。これは、スピーカーを紐で吊るした状態で振動紙の振動源から音楽などを再生した際に、同じタイミングでその振動がスピーカーのフレームに伝わって激しく共鳴振動するのと同様である。この時、振動紙から出た振動とスピーカーフレームの共鳴振動がスピーカー内で干渉、重畳する。その結果、振動紙から発生した振幅波形が歪んで本来のスピーカー再生能力が低下する。この再生能力が低下するありさまは、上記の楽器の音源であるリードの振幅波形が歪んだ状態と似ている。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by separating vibrations of both lead vibration and mouthpiece resonance vibration. First, during the brass band, the vibration generated by the reed is transmitted to the mouthpiece and resonates. At this time, the vibrations of the reed and the mouthpiece interfere and overlap, and the sound of the amplitude waveform generated by the reed vibration is affected and distorted. This is similar to the fact that when music or the like is played from a vibration source of vibrating paper with the speaker suspended by a string, the vibration is transmitted to the frame of the speaker and vibrates violently at the same timing. At this time, the vibration generated from the vibrating paper and the resonance vibration of the speaker frame interfere with each other and overlap in the speaker. As a result, the amplitude waveform generated from the vibrating paper is distorted and the original speaker reproduction ability is lowered. The state in which the reproduction ability is reduced is similar to the state in which the amplitude waveform of the reed, which is the sound source of the above musical instrument, is distorted.
そこで、上記の問題を解決するため、本発明の音響改善装置は、マウスピース、リード及びリガチャーを有する管楽器におけるマウスピースに脱着自在に取り付ける装置であって、装置は、板状の錘であり、マウスピースにリードを装着した状態で、板状の錘の一端が、リードの取付面と反対側の外面、または、リードの取付面のマウスピースを挟んだ対向面に、リガチャーまたは留め具を介してマウスピースに取り付けられ、マウスピースの振動を板状の他端への伝達により減衰させる。ここで、留め具とはゴム紐、ゴムバンドまたはワイヤーなどである。 Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, the acoustic improvement device of the present invention is a device that is detachably attached to a mouthpiece of a wind instrument having a mouthpiece, a reed, and a ligature, and the device is a plate-shaped weight. With the reed attached to the mouthpiece, one end of the plate-shaped weight is placed on the outer surface opposite to the reed mounting surface or on the opposite surface of the reed mounting surface across the mouthpiece via a ligature or fastener. It is attached to the mouthpiece and damps the vibration of the mouthpiece by transmitting it to the other end of the plate. Here, the fastener is a rubber string, a rubber band, a wire, or the like.
かかる構成によれば、演奏者の吹奏に応答してリードが振動して音が出る管楽器において、マウスピースに、脱着可能で実質的に板状の錘を設けて吹奏した際に、軽いマウスピースの振動が、重い板状の錘へ伝わる際に、マウスピースの共鳴振動の力が減衰抑圧され弱くなる。マウスピースの共鳴振動の力を、上記のごとく減衰抑圧することで、リード振動の振幅波形のサウンドが干渉、重畳による影響を受けなくなり、リード振動効率が向上し、結果的にリードから発生した振幅波形が正常なものになり、音の輪廓をはっきり綺麗に出した状態で表現力豊かなサウンド音になる。 According to such a configuration, in a wind instrument in which a reed vibrates and produces a sound in response to a player's brass band, the mouthpiece is provided with a detachable and substantially plate-shaped weight and is light when the mouthpiece is played. When the vibration of the mouthpiece is transmitted to the heavy plate-shaped weight, the force of the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece is dampened and suppressed and weakened. By attenuating and suppressing the resonance vibration force of the mouthpiece as described above, the sound of the amplitude waveform of the lead vibration is not affected by interference and superposition, the lead vibration efficiency is improved, and as a result, the amplitude generated from the lead. The waveform becomes normal, and the sound is expressive with the sound ring clearly and clearly.
本発明の音響改善装置において、マウスピースに取り付けられる板状の一端は、端部に向かって板厚が小さくなることが好ましい。リガチャーまたは留め具を介したマウスピースへの取付けの利便性を高めることができる。 In the sound improving device of the present invention, it is preferable that one end of the plate shape attached to the mouthpiece becomes thinner toward the end portion. The convenience of attachment to the mouthpiece via a ligature or fastener can be enhanced.
また、本発明の音響改善装置において、板状の他端がＵ字状に分かれていることが好ましい。板状の他端から中央付近まで切欠きがあり、音叉のように板状の他端がＵ字状に分かれていることにより、減衰抑圧効果を高めることができる。 Further, in the acoustic improvement device of the present invention, it is preferable that the other end of the plate shape is divided into a U shape. Since there is a notch from the other end of the plate shape to the vicinity of the center and the other end of the plate shape is divided into a U shape like a tuning fork, the damping suppression effect can be enhanced.
また、上記の音響改善装置において、Ｕ字状の中央切欠き部をスライド状に可動して固定できる調節用錘が設けられたことが好ましい。調節用錘の位置を板状の中央付近から端部へ変えることにより、減衰抑圧効果を調整することができる。なお、調節用錘は、板状の錘の他端に螺子などで固定する。 Further, in the above-mentioned acoustic improvement device, it is preferable that an adjusting weight capable of slidingly moving and fixing the U-shaped central notch portion is provided. The damping suppression effect can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting weight from the vicinity of the center of the plate to the end. The adjusting weight is fixed to the other end of the plate-shaped weight with a screw or the like.
本発明の音響改善装置の本体材質は、鉄、金、銀、銅、鉛、チタン、プラチナ、アルミ、ステンレス、真鍮もしくは洋白から選択される金属、又は、これらの合金であることが好ましい。その他の制振合金や、緻密で密度が高い木材、合成樹脂を用いることも可能であり、意匠上の観点から木材や合成樹脂と金属を貼り合わせたものを用いることも可能である。 The main body material of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention is preferably a metal selected from iron, gold, silver, copper, lead, titanium, platinum, aluminum, stainless steel, brass or nickel silver, or an alloy thereof. It is also possible to use other anti-vibration alloys, dense and dense wood, and synthetic resin, and from the viewpoint of design, it is also possible to use wood or synthetic resin and metal bonded together.
本発明の音響改善装置によれば、楽器特有の音を作り出すリード振動と、マウスピースの共鳴振動がマウスピース内で重畳、干渉する乱れが少なくなりその結果、リードの振動効率向上による振幅波形数の増大を実現させ、楽器から出たサウンドの表現力や音量が向上するといった効果がある。 According to the acoustic improvement device of the present invention, the reed vibration that produces the sound peculiar to the musical instrument and the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece are superposed in the mouthpiece, and the disturbance that interferes is reduced. As a result, the number of amplitude waveforms due to the improvement of the vibration efficiency of the reed. It has the effect of improving the expressiveness and volume of the sound emitted from the instrument.
以下、本発明の実施形態の一例を、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明していく。なお、本発明の範囲は、以下の実施例や図示例に限定されるものではなく、幾多の変更及び変形が可能である。 Hereinafter, an example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples and illustrated examples, and many modifications and modifications can be made.
本発明の音響改善装置の一実施形態について、図１〜４を参照しながら説明する。
本発明の音響改善装置の外観斜視図を図１に示す。図１に示すように、音響改善装置の板状の錘４Ａは、部位４ａの板厚が薄くなっており、部位４ｂに向けて厚くなる。板状の錘４Ａの部位４ｂはＵ字状の２股の形状であり、調節用錘（図示せず）は、中央の切欠き部（端部４ｃ乃至部位４ｄ）をスライド状に可動し、ネジとナットで固定される。調節用錘（図示せず）をスライドして固定することで、好みの吹奏感や音響、音質が演奏者の手で調整可能になる。そして、図３、４で示す取付面４ｅを、リードの固定部分やマウスピースの湾曲したカーブに合わせて成形することで、板状の錘４Ａとリード固定部分、或いは、図５に示すようにマウスピース１との密着度を上げ、振動の伝達度を高める。
An embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
FIG. 1 shows an external perspective view of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the plate-shaped weight 4A of the acoustic improvement device, the plate thickness of the portion 4a is thin, and the plate thickness is increased toward the portion 4b. The portion 4b of the plate-shaped weight 4A has a U-shaped bifurcated shape, and the adjusting weight (not shown) slides through the central notch (end 4c to 4d). It is fixed with screws and nuts. By sliding and fixing the adjustment weight (not shown), the player can adjust the desired feeling of blowing, sound, and sound quality by hand. Then, by forming the mounting surface 4e shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 according to the fixed portion of the lead and the curved curve of the mouthpiece, the plate-shaped weight 4A and the lead fixing portion, or as shown in FIG. Increases the degree of adhesion with the mouthpiece 1 and enhances the degree of vibration transmission.
本発明の音響改善装置は、図２に示すように、マウスピース１にリード２を付けた状態で、リード２の厚い部分とリガチャー３の間に挟みこむように板状の錘４Ａの部位４ａが差し込まれ、リガチャー３ａのネジでマウスピース１に固定される。
調節用錘５は板状の錘４Ａの端部４ｃの方向から止めネジを付けたままスライドして装着することが可能である。そして、図２で示すように、この板状の錘４Ａの部位４ａと部位４ｂの境目付近で少し角度をつけて曲げる。これは板状の錘４Ａをマウスピース１に装着して調節用錘５をスライドする際に、楽器に調節用錘５が接触するのを避けるためである。
In the acoustic improvement device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, with the lead 2 attached to the mouthpiece 1, the portion 4a of the plate-shaped weight 4A is sandwiched between the thick portion of the lead 2 and the ligature 3. It is inserted and fixed to the mouthpiece 1 with the screw of the ligature 3a.
The adjusting weight 5 can be slid and mounted from the direction of the end portion 4c of the plate-shaped weight 4A with the set screw attached. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the plate-shaped weight 4A is bent at a slight angle near the boundary between the portion 4a and the portion 4b. This is to prevent the adjusting weight 5 from coming into contact with the musical instrument when the plate-shaped weight 4A is attached to the mouthpiece 1 and the adjusting weight 5 is slid.
この部位４ａが薄くなっているのは、従来から使用しているマウスピース１に合うリガチャー３をそのまま使用するためであり、部位４ａが厚いと従来から使用していたリガチャー３では、リード２と板状の錘４Ａ共に固定できなくなるからである。 The reason why this part 4a is thin is that the ligature 3 that matches the mouthpiece 1 that has been used conventionally is used as it is, and if the part 4a is thick, the ligature 3 that has been used conventionally has the lead 2 and This is because neither the plate-shaped weight 4A can be fixed.
図１に示す板状の錘４Ａを、図２に示すように、マウスピース１にリード２を付けた状態で、リード２の取付部分で湾曲した側とリガチャー３の間に挟みこむように差し込む際、部位４ａを全面的に、或いは、部分的に挟みこむことによっても音響効果の変化がある。 When inserting the plate-shaped weight 4A shown in FIG. 1 with the lead 2 attached to the mouthpiece 1 so as to be sandwiched between the curved side of the attachment portion of the lead 2 and the ligature 3 as shown in FIG. , There is also a change in the acoustic effect by sandwiching the portion 4a entirely or partially.
この第１の実施形態を示す構造では、図２に示すように、リード２の上に板状の錘４Ａの部位４ａが覆い被さっているのでリード２の位置が見辛い。そのため、リード２をセッティングして固定するのに少し慣れが必要である。 In the structure showing the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, since the portion 4a of the plate-shaped weight 4A covers the lead 2, the position of the lead 2 is difficult to see. Therefore, it takes some getting used to setting and fixing the lead 2.
図３に示す板状の錘４Ａの材質は、鉄、金、銀、洋白、制振合金、銅、真鍮、鉛、チタン、プラチナ、アルミ、ステンレス、木、プラスチック樹脂などから任意に選択することができるが、その材質の種類により音響効果の変化がある。例えば、板状の錘４Ａの材質をアルミにすれば、優しく柔らかな音色で吹奏でき、イエローブラス（Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ３０％）、ゴールドブラス（Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ１５％）、レッドブラス（Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ１０％）、ニッケルシルバー（Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｚｎ合金）などの銅合金のように元素比率を変えることで、金属内部での音の伝達する減衰率が変化し、目的用途に合わせた音色を出すことができるため、吹奏者の好みに合わせた音作りができる。 The material of the plate-shaped weight 4A shown in FIG. 3 is arbitrarily selected from iron, gold, silver, nickel silver, vibration damping alloy, copper, brass, lead, titanium, platinum, aluminum, stainless steel, wood, plastic resin and the like. However, the sound effect varies depending on the type of material. For example, if the material of the plate-shaped weight 4A is aluminum, it can be played with a gentle and soft tone, and yellow brass (Cu-Zn 30%), gold brass (Cu-Zn 15%), red brass (Cu-Zn 10%), By changing the element ratio like copper alloys such as nickel silver (Cu-Ni-Zn alloy), the attenuation rate of sound transmitted inside the metal changes, and it is possible to produce a tone color that matches the intended use. , You can make sounds according to the taste of the wind player.
また、調節用錘５の材質も、板状の錘４Ａの材質と同様に選択することができ、同様に音響効果が得られるため、板状の錘４Ａと調節用錘５の材質との組み合わせや、調節用錘５のスライド位置によって、様々な音響効果を、吹奏者が自由に選択することが可能である。これら板状の錘４Ａ、調節用錘５の形態を大きく、重くするほど、減衰抑圧効果が上がり、吹奏した時に音の反応がよく安定する傾向に調節できる。また、板状の錘４Ａが、鉄の場合には、調節用錘５に薄い磁石を使用して板状の錘４Ａの上下へ引っ付くように設置してもよい。調節用錘５の数の増減で錘の総重量の調節や、設置位置を変えるなどして音響効果の調整をすることも可能である。 Further, the material of the adjusting weight 5 can be selected in the same manner as the material of the plate-shaped weight 4A, and the sound effect can be obtained in the same manner. Therefore, the combination of the plate-shaped weight 4A and the material of the adjusting weight 5 is obtained. In addition, the player can freely select various sound effects depending on the slide position of the adjusting weight 5. The larger and heavier the shape of the plate-shaped weight 4A and the adjusting weight 5, the higher the damping suppression effect, and the more the sound response tends to be stable when played. When the plate-shaped weight 4A is made of iron, the adjusting weight 5 may be installed so as to be attracted to the top and bottom of the plate-shaped weight 4A by using a thin magnet. It is also possible to adjust the total weight of the weights by increasing or decreasing the number of the adjusting weights 5, or to adjust the acoustic effect by changing the installation position.
さて、上述したとおり、演奏者の吹奏に応答してリードが振動して音が出る管楽器において、マウスピースに、脱着可能で実質的に板状の錘を設けて吹奏した際、軽いマウスピースの共鳴振動が、重い板状の錘へ伝わる際に、マウスピースの共鳴振動の力が減衰抑圧され弱くなる。
このリード振動とマウスピース振動の２つの振動を、更に別の視点で考察する。リード振動とマウスピース振動を最小単位まで細かくして双方を見ると、リード振動とマウスピース振動が同タイミング、同周波数で揺れている。これを例えるならば、細長い薄い板にトンカチで釘を打つ時、板の半分を土台に置いて手で押さえ、残りの半分は台から出て浮いた状態で板の先に釘を打つとすると、力点であるトンカチの力が釘に加わり板に刺さる瞬間、作用点の板が振動を受けて下へ反ることになり、この時、トンカチの力が全て釘に伝わらない。これは、力点のトンカチ振動の方向と、作用点である板の振動の方向が同じであってトンカチの力が吸収されている状態である。力点のトンカチ振動の力を１００％発揮させるためには、作用点の釘を打つ位置を土台の上に移して、板が振動を受けても下へ反らないようにする事で解決する。これと同じでリード振動の力を１００％発揮させるために、マウスピース振動を止めるようにするのである。
By the way, as described above, in a wind instrument in which the reed vibrates and produces a sound in response to the player's blowing, when the mouthpiece is provided with a detachable and substantially plate-shaped weight, the mouthpiece is light. When the resonance vibration is transmitted to the heavy plate-shaped weight, the force of the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece is attenuated and suppressed and weakened.
The two vibrations, the reed vibration and the mouthpiece vibration, will be considered from a different viewpoint. Looking at both the reed vibration and the mouthpiece vibration in detail to the smallest unit, the reed vibration and the mouthpiece vibration sway at the same timing and at the same frequency. For example, when nailing a long and thin thin plate with a tongue, half of the plate is placed on the base and held by hand, and the other half is lifted from the table and nailed at the tip of the plate. At the moment when the force of the tonkachi, which is the point of effort, is applied to the nail and pierces the nail, the plate of the point of action receives vibration and warps downward, and at this time, all the force of the tonkachi is not transmitted to the nail. This is a state in which the direction of the tongue vibration of the force point is the same as the direction of the vibration of the plate which is the point of action, and the force of the tongue is absorbed. In order to exert 100% of the force of the tongue vibration of the force point, the solution is to move the position where the nail of the action point is struck on the base so that the plate does not warp downward even if it receives vibration. In the same way as this, in order to exert 100% of the force of the reed vibration, the mouthpiece vibration is stopped.
市販のスペクトルアナライザー計測器を用いて、何も装着しないノーマル状態における楽器と、本発明の音響改善装置を装着した楽器を吹奏時の２つの振幅波形を計測した。以下は計測条件である。楽器はケルントナーカーブドソプラノサックス、リードはレジェール樹脂製（硬度１．５）、マウスピースはメイヤー６Ｍ、リガチャーはアルトサックス用、音響改善装置の材質は鉄、音響改善装置（第１の実施形態）の寸法・重さは、幅１５ｍｍ、長さ６０ｍｍ、厚さ５ｍｍ、重さ３７g（調節用錘５は使用せず）である。ソプラノサックスの音階は１オクターブ上のド♯、すなわちピアノではシの音を吹奏し、その横１５ｃｍの所で楽器から出る音の振幅波形周期を５回計測して平均を出した。なお、音響改善装置の厚さが５ｍｍあるので、マウスピースへの取付リガチャーはソプラノサックス用ではなく、アルトサックス用を使用した。 Using a commercially available spectrum analyzer measuring instrument, two amplitude waveforms were measured when a musical instrument in a normal state without any attachment and an instrument equipped with the acoustic improvement device of the present invention were played. The following are the measurement conditions. Musical instrument is Cologne toner curved soprano saxophone, reed is made of Leger resin (hardness 1.5), mouthpiece is Mayer 6M, ligature is for alto saxophone, material of sound improvement device is iron, sound improvement device (first embodiment) The dimensions and weight of the above are 15 mm in width, 60 mm in length, 5 mm in thickness, and 37 g in weight (without using the adjusting weight 5). The scale of the soprano saxophone is one octave higher, that is, the piano plays the sound of shi, and the amplitude waveform period of the sound emitted from the instrument is measured 5 times at a distance of 15 cm and averaged. Since the thickness of the acoustic improvement device is 5 mm, the ligature attached to the mouthpiece was not for soprano saxophone but for alto saxophone.
その結果、図８に示すように、何も取り付けないノーマル状態における楽器から出た音が示す振幅波形周期は、１／５０秒間での振幅波形周期が６０回で、１秒間では３０００回の振幅波形周期であった。同様に図９に示すように、本発明の音響改善装置を付けた楽器から出た音は、同じく１／５０秒間の振幅波形周期が９０回で、１秒間では４５００回の振幅波形周期で振動していた。但し、このデータは、リード、マウスピース、リガチャーなどのセッティング違いや、楽器などの固体差でも多少変動する。 As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the amplitude waveform period indicated by the sound emitted from the musical instrument in the normal state in which nothing is attached has an amplitude waveform period of 60 times in 1/50 second and an amplitude of 3000 times in 1 second. It was a waveform period. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 9, the sound emitted from the musical instrument equipped with the acoustic improvement device of the present invention vibrates with an amplitude waveform period of 90 times for 1/50 second and an amplitude waveform period of 4500 times for 1 second. Was. However, this data will vary slightly due to differences in settings such as reeds, mouthpieces, and ligatures, and individual differences in musical instruments.
何も取り付けないノーマル状態におけるソプラノサックスで１オクターブ上のド♯では１秒間に３０００回の波形周期を発する音を出していた。本発明の音響改善装置を付けた楽器では、ノーマル状態の楽器と比較して１秒間に１５００回以上も多く楽器から振幅波形周期の音が出ていることが、上記の計測結果から判明した。図８と図９の振幅波形周期を比較すると、本発明の音響改善装置を付けた楽器では、その音を聞くと、リード振動効率が向上したことでノーマル楽器では表現できない音の輪郭が綺麗であり、表情力が向上したサウンドを吹奏者に提示できることが確認された。
対比として、サウンドブリッジ金具８を使用して、コルク６を迂回してマウスピース１の振動を直接的に、ネック７へ伝えるように改善したソプラノサックスで上記の音声スコープで計測した結果も、ノーマル状態と同じく、１秒間に３０００回の波形周期を発する音を出していた。
In the normal state where nothing was attached, the soprano saxophone produced a sound that emitted a waveform cycle of 3000 times per second at the de # one octave higher. From the above measurement results, it was found that in the musical instrument equipped with the sound improving device of the present invention, the sound of the amplitude waveform period is emitted from the musical instrument more than 1500 times per second as compared with the musical instrument in the normal state. Comparing the amplitude waveform periods of FIGS. 8 and 9, when the musical instrument equipped with the acoustic improvement device of the present invention hears the sound, the reed vibration efficiency is improved and the outline of the sound that cannot be expressed by the normal musical instrument is beautiful. It was confirmed that it was possible to present a sound with improved expressiveness to the player.
As a contrast, the result measured with the above voice scope with the soprano saxophone improved so that the vibration of the mouthpiece 1 is directly transmitted to the neck 7 by bypassing the cork 6 using the sound bridge metal fitting 8 is also normal. Similar to the state, it produced a sound that emitted a waveform cycle of 3000 times per second.
この１オクターブ上のド♯で１秒間に振幅波形周期が１．５倍ということは、どの音程においても振幅波形周期が増えていることになる。特に、低音を吹奏した場合は、振幅波形の周期がゆっくりになるため、これが増えることで安定して低音が出せるようになり、高音でも音程（ピッチ）が合わせやすくなる。これは楽器の性能（安定性）が全体的に上がる効果に繋がる。また、板状の錘４Ａの部位４ｂに調節用錘５を設けて、これを重くするほど振幅波形周期が上昇し、本発明の音響改善装置の板状の錘を単体で使用する以上に楽器の性能（安定性）が向上する。 The fact that the amplitude waveform period is 1.5 times per second at the do # one octave higher means that the amplitude waveform period is increasing at any pitch. In particular, when a bass is played, the period of the amplitude waveform becomes slow, and as this increases, the bass can be stably produced, and the pitch can be easily adjusted even in the treble. This leads to the effect of improving the performance (stability) of the instrument as a whole. Further, an adjusting weight 5 is provided at a portion 4b of the plate-shaped weight 4A, and the heavier the weight is, the higher the amplitude waveform period becomes. This is more than using the plate-shaped weight of the sound improving device of the present invention alone. Performance (stability) is improved.
図１０に示すように、前述のスペクトルアナライザー計測器における音声スペクトル機能を用いて、ノーマル状態における楽器と、本発明の音響改善装置を装着した楽器との２つの振幅波形を前述と同条件で計測した。ノーマル状態における楽器での音声スペクトルのピーク周波数は、９８０Ｈｚで８１．１７ｄｂに対し、本発明の音響改善装置を装着した状態における楽器では８９．６４ｄｂであり、周波数特性でも、本発明の音響改善装置を装着した楽器の方が、ピークの突起が多く現れており、音量の向上や音響改善に優れていると判断される。 As shown in FIG. 10, using the voice spectrum function of the spectrum analyzer measuring instrument described above, two amplitude waveforms of the musical instrument in the normal state and the musical instrument equipped with the acoustic improvement device of the present invention are measured under the same conditions as described above. did. The peak frequency of the audio spectrum of the musical instrument in the normal state is 81.17db at 980 Hz, whereas it is 89.64db in the musical instrument equipped with the acoustic improvement device of the present invention, and the frequency characteristics are also the acoustic improvement device of the present invention. It is judged that the musical instrument equipped with the above has more peak protrusions and is superior in improving the volume and sound.
図１１は、ノーマル状態と音響改善装置の装着状態における振動波形イメージを示している。図１１（１）は、ノーマル状態の楽器、すなわち、楽器にマウスピース１とリード２を取り付けた状態におけるマウスピース内と楽器内を伝搬する振動波形イメージを示したものであり、図１１（２）は、本発明の音響改善装置を装着した楽器、すなわち、楽器にマウスピース１とリード２と音響改善装置４Ａ（調節用錘５を含む）を取り付けた状態におけるマウスピース内と楽器内を伝搬する振動波形イメージを示したものである。図１１（１）に示すノーマル状態の楽器の場合、マウスピースの振動１４によりマウスピース１内を伝搬する振動波形イメージ１６および楽器内１５を伝搬する振動波形イメージ１７は、歪んだ波形となり、歪んだ振幅波形のサウンドを生成しているのに対して、図１１（２）に示す本発明の音響改善装置を装着した状態の楽器の場合、マウスピース１が音響改善装置４Ａの装着により振動が抑制され、マウスピース１内を伝搬する振動波形イメージ１６および楽器内１５を伝搬する振動波形イメージ１７は、図１１（１）のように歪んだ波形とならず、歪みのない正常な振幅波形のサウンドを生成できるのである。 FIG. 11 shows vibration waveform images in the normal state and the mounted state of the acoustic improvement device. FIG. 11 (1) shows an image of a vibration waveform propagating in the musical instrument in the normal state, that is, in the state where the mouthpiece 1 and the reed 2 are attached to the musical instrument, and in the musical instrument, and in FIG. 11 (2). ) Propagates in the musical instrument equipped with the sound improving device of the present invention, that is, in the mouthpiece and the musical instrument in a state where the mouthpiece 1, the reed 2 and the sound improving device 4A (including the adjusting weight 5) are attached to the musical instrument. It shows the vibration waveform image. In the case of the instrument in the normal state shown in FIG. 11 (1), the vibration waveform image 16 propagating in the mouthpiece 1 and the vibration waveform image 17 propagating in the instrument 15 due to the vibration 14 of the mouthpiece become distorted waveforms and are distorted. However, in the case of the instrument in which the sound improving device of the present invention shown in FIG. 11 (2) is attached to the sound of the amplitude waveform, the mouthpiece 1 vibrates due to the mounting of the sound improving device 4A. The suppressed vibration waveform image 16 propagating in the mouthpiece 1 and the vibration waveform image 17 propagating in the instrument 15 do not have a distorted waveform as shown in FIG. 11 (1), but have a normal amplitude waveform without distortion. You can generate a sound.
従来の音響改善のやり方は、吹奏時にリード振動がマウスピースに伝わって共鳴振動したものをそのまま楽器本体へ伝達して音量を上げるものである。しかし、本発明の音響改善装置では、マウスピースの共鳴振動を減衰抑圧することによりリード振動効率を向上させ、結果的に音量も上がり音質も奏者の好みに合わせて調整可能である。
なお、本発明の音響改善装置を用いて、マウスピース１の共鳴振動を減衰抑圧しても少しは振動が残る。しかし、この振動による波形干渉への悪影響は無視できるレベルである。
The conventional method of improving sound is to raise the volume by transmitting the reed vibration transmitted to the mouthpiece and the resonance vibration as it is to the musical instrument body at the time of playing. However, in the sound improving device of the present invention, the lead vibration efficiency is improved by attenuating and suppressing the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece, and as a result, the volume is increased and the sound quality can be adjusted according to the player's preference.
Even if the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece 1 is attenuated and suppressed by using the sound improving device of the present invention, some vibration remains. However, the adverse effect of this vibration on the waveform interference is negligible.
本発明の音響改善装置を装着した楽器の吹奏時、呼気の量を絞って音量をグッと下げても音が崩れず、従来では不可能だった糸のようなピアニシモ音もはっきり聞こえるようになったことから、演奏者の表現力を上げる効果を有すると言える。また吹奏時、リード振動がスムーズになり、どの音程でも最初の音の出しやすさや、各音程での安定感が実感できるようになる。 When playing a musical instrument equipped with the sound improvement device of the present invention, the sound does not collapse even if the amount of exhalation is reduced and the volume is lowered sharply, and the pianissimo sound like a thread, which was impossible in the past, can be clearly heard. Therefore, it can be said that it has the effect of increasing the expressiveness of the performer. In addition, when playing, the lead vibration becomes smooth, and you can feel the ease of producing the first note at any pitch and the sense of stability at each pitch.
また、図３に示したように、本発明の音響改善装置の板状の錘４Ａの片方の部位４ｂにおいて、スライド状に可動してネジで固定できる脱着可能な調節用錘５を外部から設け、重さ、材質、スライド位置等を変えることで、マウスピース１から伝わる振動の減衰抑圧比率が変化し、好みの吹奏感や音響、音質が演奏者の手で調整可能になる。例を挙げると板状の錘４Ａと調節用錘５の両方がアルミ製だと優しく円やかな音、これが鉄製だとシャープな音になる。これらの材質を色々組み合わせて、吹奏者の好みに合わせたセッティングで音質、音響のバリエーション効果がある。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a removable adjusting weight 5 that can be slidably moved and fixed with a screw is provided from the outside at one portion 4b of the plate-shaped weight 4A of the sound improvement device of the present invention. By changing the weight, material, slide position, etc., the damping suppression ratio of the vibration transmitted from the mouthpiece 1 is changed, and the desired blowing feeling, sound, and sound quality can be adjusted by the performer. For example, if both the plate-shaped weight 4A and the adjusting weight 5 are made of aluminum, the sound will be gentle and round, and if this is made of iron, the sound will be sharp. By combining these materials in various ways, there are variations in sound quality and sound with settings that match the taste of the brass band.
板状の錘４Ａの部位４ｂに設ける調節用錘５の重さを、より重く、アルミより鉄材への変更、スライド位置を部位４ｄの位置に変えることでマウスピース１から伝わる振動減衰抑圧比率をより高めることになり、アルト、テナー、バリトンサックスなどの大きなマウスピースの共鳴振動をより多く減衰抑圧する効果を発揮する。 The weight of the adjusting weight 5 provided at the portion 4b of the plate-shaped weight 4A is heavier, and the vibration damping suppression ratio transmitted from the mouthpiece 1 is increased by changing the weight from aluminum to iron and changing the slide position to the position of the portion 4d. It will be more enhanced, and will exert the effect of damping and suppressing the resonance vibration of large mouthpieces such as alto, tenor, and baritone saxophone.
そこで楽器を演奏できない人へわかりやすく例えると、硬いテーブルの上に紙を２〜３枚重ねて、ボールペンで文字を書く時、指にかかる筆圧や感触、字の太さと、１枚だけの紙に書く時の筆圧や字の太さ、感触、ペン先から出る音などから、経験上誰でもその書き味の違いがわかる。それと同じくらい、本発明の音響改善装置を装着した楽器は、使用する前後で、演奏者と聴衆にハッキリとその音響や表現力の相違点が明確になる効果がある。 For those who can't play an instrument, if you put a couple of sheets of paper on a hard table and write with a ballpoint pen, the pressure and feel of your fingers, the thickness of the letters, and only one sheet From experience, anyone can tell the difference in writing taste from the pen pressure, thickness, feel, and sound of the pen tip when writing on paper. To the same extent, a musical instrument equipped with the sound improving device of the present invention has the effect of clearly clarifying the difference in sound and expressiveness between the performer and the audience before and after use.
なお、マウスピース１の材質は、エボナイト、レジン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、メタル、竹製、木製などがあり、これらの材質は大きく分けるとエボナイトとメタルになる。先ずエボナイトは天然ゴムと硫黄を混合して練り上げ加熱して結合させたもので、非常に硬いゴム素材である。そしてメタルはステンレススチール、スターリングシルバー、ベルメタルなどの素材があり、前者をそっと叩くと「コツコツ」という柔らかい音がでる。そして後者をそっと叩くと「チーン」という金属的な音がでる。これは双方の素材、比重特性の違いによるもので、リード振動によって発生するこのマウスピースの共鳴振動もエボナイトとメタルの振動特性の違いがあるが、本発明の音響改善装置でマウスピースの共鳴振動を減衰抑圧して、リード振動を本来望ましい振幅波形だけにすることが期待出来る。 The material of the mouthpiece 1 includes ebonite, resin resin, acrylic resin, metal, bamboo, wood, etc., and these materials can be roughly divided into ebonite and metal. First, ebonite is a very hard rubber material that is made by mixing natural rubber and sulfur, kneading them, heating them, and combining them. And there are materials such as stainless steel, sterling silver, and bell metal for metal, and when you tap the former gently, you will hear a soft sound. And when you tap the latter gently, you will hear a metallic sound like "Chine". This is due to the difference in the specific gravity characteristics of both materials, and the resonance vibration of this mouthpiece generated by the lead vibration also has a difference in the vibration characteristics of ebony and metal, but the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece in the acoustic improvement device of the present invention It can be expected that the lead vibration is reduced to only the originally desired amplitude waveform by damping and suppressing.
次に、本発明の音響改善装置の第２の実施形態を示す構造について説明する。
図５は、本発明の音響改善装置の第２の実施形態を示す説明図である。第２の実施形態では、マウスピース１にリード２とリガチャー３を仮付けした状態で、リードと反対側のリガチャー３上部とマウスピース１の隙間に、脱着可能な板状の錘４Ａの部位４ａを差し込んで、リガチャー３ａのネジで固定する。
Next, a structure showing a second embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention. In the second embodiment, with the reed 2 and the ligature 3 temporarily attached to the mouthpiece 1, a removable plate-shaped weight 4A portion 4a is provided in the gap between the upper part of the ligature 3 and the mouthpiece 1 on the opposite side of the reed. Is inserted and fixed with the screw of the ligature 3a.
第２の実施形態での板状の錘４Ａは、第１の実施形態と同様にリガチャー３の間に挟みこむように差し込む際、部位４ａを全面的に、或いは、部分的に挟みこむ程度によっても音響効果の変化がある。 When the plate-shaped weight 4A in the second embodiment is inserted so as to be sandwiched between the ligatures 3 as in the first embodiment, the portion 4a may be completely or partially sandwiched. There is a change in sound effects.
この第２の実施形態を示す構造では、図５で示すように板状の錘４Ａは、マウスピース１にリード２をリガチャー３で仮止めした反対側のマウスピース上部にリガチャー３で固定されるため、板状の錘４Ａがリード２の上から覆い被さることなくリードの装着状態が見やすく、セッティングが容易にできる。 In the structure showing the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the plate-shaped weight 4A is fixed to the mouthpiece 1 by the ligature 3 on the opposite side of the mouthpiece where the reed 2 is temporarily fixed by the ligature 3. Therefore, the plate-shaped weight 4A does not cover the lead 2 from above, so that the mounted state of the lead can be easily seen and the setting can be easily performed.
図５に示すように、上記の板状の錘４Ａの端部４ｃから部位４ｄの間において、スライド式に移動してネジで固定でき、脱着可能に調節用錘５を設ける。この調節用錘５は、重さや材質を変更したり、スライド位置を端部４ｃから部位４ｄの間で移動することで、演奏者に合わせて吹奏のしやすさや、音質を好みに調整できる。 As shown in FIG. 5, between the end portion 4c of the plate-shaped weight 4A and the portion 4d, the adjusting weight 5 can be slidably moved and fixed with a screw, and is detachably provided. By changing the weight and material of the adjusting weight 5 and moving the slide position between the end portion 4c and the portion 4d, the ease of playing and the sound quality can be adjusted to the liking according to the performer.
板状の錘４Ａ或いは調節用錘５の材質は、鉄、金、銀、洋白、制振合金、銅、真鍮、鉛、チ
タン、プラチナ、アルミ、ステンレス、木、プラスチック樹脂などから任意に選択することができ、その形態を大きく、重くするほど、減衰抑圧効果が上がり、吹奏した時に音が鋭くなる傾向に調節できる。
The material of the plate-shaped weight 4A or the adjusting weight 5 can be arbitrarily selected from iron, gold, silver, nickel silver, vibration damping alloy, copper, brass, lead, titanium, platinum, aluminum, stainless steel, wood, plastic resin, etc. The larger and heavier the form, the higher the damping suppression effect, and the sharper the sound when played.
次に、本発明の音響改善装置の第３の実施形態を示す構造について説明する。
図６は、本発明の音響改善装置の第３の実施形態を示す説明図である。図６に示すように、マウスピース１にリード２とリガチャー３を付けた状態で、リガチャー３の上部に板状の錘４Ａをゴム紐９で固定する。図６に示すように、マウスピース１のリガチャー３の上部に板状の錘４Ａをゴム紐９で固定するため、リガチャー３と板状の錘４Ａの間に隙間が発生して、マウスピース１の振動が板状の錘４Ａへ伝わるために、減衰抑圧効果が少し減少する。しかし、これが前述の第１，２実施形態と比較しても大差なく、吹奏者が求めている音響、音質効果が発現することから、この第３の実施形態も有用である。特に、第１，２実施形態で、板状の錘４Ａがリガチャー３で固定し辛い場合に、この第３の実施形態を選択すれば良い。
Next, a structure showing a third embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a third embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, with the lead 2 and the ligature 3 attached to the mouthpiece 1, a plate-shaped weight 4A is fixed to the upper part of the ligature 3 with a rubber cord 9. As shown in FIG. 6, since the plate-shaped weight 4A is fixed to the upper part of the ligature 3 of the mouthpiece 1 with the rubber cord 9, a gap is generated between the ligature 3 and the plate-shaped weight 4A, and the mouthpiece 1 Since the vibration of the ligature is transmitted to the plate-shaped weight 4A, the damping suppression effect is slightly reduced. However, this is not much different from the first and second embodiments described above, and the acoustic and sound quality effects required by the brass band are exhibited. Therefore, this third embodiment is also useful. In particular, in the first and second embodiments, when the plate-shaped weight 4A is difficult to fix with the ligature 3, the third embodiment may be selected.
図６で示す板状の錘４Ａと、脱着可能でスライド状に可動してネジで固定できる調節用錘５の材質は、鉄、金、銀、洋白、制振合金、銅、真鍮、鉛、チタン、プラチナ、アルミ、ステンレス、木、プラスチック樹脂などから任意に選択することができ、その形態を大きく、重くするほど、減衰抑圧効果が上がり、吹奏した時に音が鋭くなる傾向に調節できる。 The materials of the plate-shaped weight 4A shown in FIG. 6 and the adjustable weight 5 that is removable and can be slidably moved and fixed with screws are iron, gold, silver, nickel silver, vibration damping alloy, copper, brass, and lead. , Titanium, platinum, aluminum, stainless steel, wood, plastic resin, etc. can be selected arbitrarily, and the larger and heavier the form, the higher the damping suppression effect, and the tendency to sharpen the sound when played can be adjusted.
次に、本発明の音響改善装置の第４の実施形態を示す構造について説明する。
図７は、本発明の音響改善装置の第４の実施形態を示す説明図である。第４の実施形態では、前述の実施形態における板状の錘４Ａとは異なり、図７に示すように、板状の錘４Ｂは厚みがある。板状の錘４Ｂは、厚さがある分、減衰抑圧効果が高い。板状の錘４Ｂを実施形態１，２で使用する際、リガチャー３を一回り大きいサイズを使用しなければならない。例えば、ソプラノサックスだとアルトサックス用を、アルトサックスだとテナーサックス用を、テナーサックスだとバリトンサックス用のリガチャー３を使用すると板状の錘４Ｂとリード２をマウスピース１に固定できる。但し、この場合に難点なのは、薄いリード先端を保護するこれまでのマウスピースキャップが合わなくなるので、新たに作成しなければならないことである。
板状の錘４Ｂの材質は、板状の錘４Ａの材質と同様、鉄、金、銀、洋白、制振合金、銅、真鍮、鉛、チタン、プラチナ、アルミ、ステンレス、木、プラスチック樹脂などから任意に選択することができる。
Next, a structure showing a fourth embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the acoustic improvement device of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, unlike the plate-shaped weight 4A in the above-described embodiment, the plate-shaped weight 4B has a thickness as shown in FIG. 7. The plate-shaped weight 4B has a high damping suppressing effect due to its thickness. When the plate-shaped weight 4B is used in the first and second embodiments, the ligature 3 must be one size larger. For example, if the soprano sax is for alto sax, the alto sax is for tenor sax, and the tenor sax is for baritone sax, the plate-shaped weight 4B and the lead 2 can be fixed to the mouthpiece 1. However, the difficulty in this case is that the conventional mouthpiece cap that protects the thin lead tip does not fit, so a new one must be created.
The material of the plate-shaped weight 4B is the same as the material of the plate-shaped weight 4A: iron, gold, silver, nickel silver, vibration damping alloy, copper, brass, lead, titanium, platinum, aluminum, stainless steel, wood, plastic resin. It can be selected arbitrarily from.
第４の実施形態では、板状の錘４Ｂは厚さがある分、板状の錘４Ａ以上に減衰抑圧効果が高く、脱着可能な調節用錘５をさらに大きく重くした場合、アルト、テナー、バリトンサックスなどでの低音部分の吹奏で、これまでの楽器以上に図太い音が出るようになるため、これを演奏者の新しい表現方法として活用できる。さらに図７に示すように、上記の板状の錘４Ｂの端部４ｃから部位４ｄの間において、スライド式に移動してネジで固定でき、脱着可能な調節用錘５を設ける。調節用錘５は、重さ、材質を変更したり、スライド位置を端部４ｃから部位４ｄの間で移動することで、演奏者に合わせて吹奏のしやすさや、音質を好みに調整できる。 In the fourth embodiment, the plate-shaped weight 4B has a higher damping suppressing effect than the plate-shaped weight 4A due to its thickness, and when the removable adjusting weight 5 is made larger and heavier, the alto, tenor, and the like. Bass parts such as baritone saxophones produce thicker sounds than conventional instruments, which can be used as a new expression method for performers. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a removable adjusting weight 5 is provided between the end portion 4c and the portion 4d of the plate-shaped weight 4B, which can be slidably moved and fixed with a screw. By changing the weight and material of the adjusting weight 5 and moving the slide position between the end portion 4c and the portion 4d, the ease of blowing and the sound quality can be adjusted to the liking according to the performer.
（その他の実施例）
（１）上記の実施形態第１〜４において、各楽器に使用する板状の錘４Ａもしくは４Ｂは、全長が長く厚いほど減衰抑圧効果が高く、特に低い音域が出るテナーサックス、バリトンサックスなどの楽器には板状の錘の全長を長くして、調節用錘５を重くすると想像以上に音量が上がり、図太い音が出るようになる。
(Other Examples)
(1) In the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the plate-shaped weights 4A or 4B used for each musical instrument have a higher damping suppression effect as the total length is longer and thicker, and particularly low-pitched tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone, etc. If the total length of the plate-shaped weight is lengthened and the adjustment weight 5 is made heavier for the musical instrument, the volume will be higher than expected and a thick sound will be produced.
最後に、木管楽器が発明されて以来今日まで、リードから発した振幅波形のサウンドが歪んだ要因を含んでいたことなど誰も気が付いていなく、吹奏者の吹き込む息のエネルギーと共に楽器内を通過する際にそれはどこかに吹き飛ばされてしまっていた。何故ならば吹奏者が長年つき合ったマウスピース、リード、リガチャーで演奏している楽器の音は、いつも通りの音が出ていて、もし出した音に問題があるとしたらこの３点の内どれかが悪いと考えられる。だが、楽器自体の状態を除いて大体がリードに問題があると考えられる。しかし、本明細書で詳述したように、リードから出た振動と、マウスピースの共鳴振動が干渉してリードの振幅波形が歪んで劣化を起こしていた事など、誰の認識や概念にも無かったことである。しかし、本発明の音響改善装置を使用することで、容易に上記の問題が解決できるようになり、楽器の音響、音質の改善に繋がるようになった。 Finally, since the invention of the woodwind instrument, no one has noticed that the sound of the amplitude waveform emitted from the reed contained a distorted factor, and it passes through the instrument with the energy of the breath blown by the brass band. At that time it had been blown away somewhere. Because the sound of the instrument that the brass band has been playing with the mouthpiece, reed, and ligature for many years is as usual, and if there is a problem with the sound, which of these three points It is thought that the sound is bad. However, except for the condition of the instrument itself, it is generally considered that there is a problem with the lead. However, as detailed in this specification, there is no recognition or concept that the vibration generated from the reed and the resonance vibration of the mouthpiece interfere with each other and the amplitude waveform of the reed is distorted and deteriorated. That is. However, by using the sound improving device of the present invention, the above problem can be easily solved, which leads to improvement of the sound and sound quality of the musical instrument.
本発明は、木管楽器の部品として有用である。 The present invention is useful as a component of a woodwind instrument.
１ マウスピース
２ リード
３ リガチャー
３ａ リガチャー締め付けネジ
４Ａ，４Ｂ 音響改善装置（板状の錘）
４ａ，４ｂ，４ｄ 部位
４ｃ 端部
４ｅ 取付面
５ 調節用錘
６ コルク
７ ネック
８ サウンドブリッジ金具
９ ゴム紐（留め具）
１０ クラリネットの樽
１１ サックス本体
１２ ジョイントネジ
１４ マウスピースの振動
１５ 楽器内
１６ マウスピース内を伝搬する振動波形イメージ
１７ 楽器内を伝搬する振動波形イメージ
１８ ワイヤーリガチャー
１９ Ｕ字管接合部
1 Mouthpiece 2 Reed 3 Ligature 3a Ligature tightening screw 4A, 4B Sound improvement device (plate-shaped weight)
4a, 4b, 4d parts 4c end 4e mounting surface 5 adjustment weight 6 cork 7 neck 8 sound bridge metal fittings 9 rubber cord (fastener)
10 Clarinet barrel 11 Saxophone body 12 Joint screw 14 Mouthpiece vibration 15 Inside the instrument 16 Vibration waveform image propagating inside the mouthpiece 17 Vibration waveform image propagating inside the instrument 18 Wire ligature 19 U-shaped tube joint
Claims (4)
前記装置は、板状の錘であり、
前記マウスピースに前記リードを装着した状態で、
前記板状の錘の一端が、前記リードの取付面と反対側の外面、または、前記リードの取付面の前記マウスピースを挟んだ対向面に、
前記リガチャーまたは留め具を介して前記マウスピースに取り付けられ、
前記マウスピースの振動を板状の他端への伝達により減衰させることを特徴とする音響改善装置。 A device that is detachably attached to the mouthpiece of a wind instrument having a mouthpiece, a reed, and a ligature.
The device is a plate-shaped weight and
With the reed attached to the mouthpiece,
One end of the plate-shaped weight is on an outer surface opposite to the mounting surface of the reed, or on the facing surface of the mounting surface of the reed with the mouthpiece sandwiched.
Attached to the mouthpiece via the ligature or fastener
An acoustic improvement device characterized by attenuating the vibration of the mouthpiece by transmitting it to the other end of a plate shape.
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| JP2022145556A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-10-04 | 康男 末長 | Ligature for wind instrument |
| JP7304026B1 (en) * | 2022-10-01 | 2023-07-06 | 株式会社 Gottsu | Sound quality improvement part or sound quality improvement body for woodwind instrument mouthpiece |
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| JP2013541052A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2013-11-07 | ル フリーク ホールディング ベスローテン ヴェンノーツハップ | Musical instrument |
| JP3193363U (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-10-02 | 株式会社Ｎｅｓｉ | Ligature |
| JP2018077444A (en) * | 2016-11-13 | 2018-05-17 | 駿 熊谷 | Resonance Bridge |
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| KR101252434B1 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-08 | 김현선 | Reed for wind instrument fixing auxiliary sounder |
| JP3193363U (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-10-02 | 株式会社Ｎｅｓｉ | Ligature |
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| JP2022145556A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-10-04 | 康男 末長 | Ligature for wind instrument |
| JP7304026B1 (en) * | 2022-10-01 | 2023-07-06 | 株式会社 Gottsu | Sound quality improvement part or sound quality improvement body for woodwind instrument mouthpiece |
| WO2024069990A1 (en) * | 2022-10-01 | 2024-04-04 | 株式会社 Gottsu | Sound quality-improving part or sound quality-improving body for wood-wind-instrument mouthpiece |
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