JP3152454B2 - Two-stage compression refrigeration system - Google Patents
Two-stage compression refrigeration systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP3152454B2 JP3152454B2 JP17127291A JP17127291A JP3152454B2 JP 3152454 B2 JP3152454 B2 JP 3152454B2 JP 17127291 A JP17127291 A JP 17127291A JP 17127291 A JP17127291 A JP 17127291A JP 3152454 B2 JP3152454 B2 JP 3152454B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stage compressor
- stage
- low
- oil
- compressor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はショーケースや冷蔵庫等
に使用される二段圧縮式冷凍装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-stage compression refrigeration system used for a showcase or a refrigerator.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、二段圧縮式冷凍装置は、特公昭
６０−５１６１７号公報に開示されている如く一つのケ
ーシングに低段側圧縮機構と高段側圧縮機構を備えたも
のが多い。即ち、低段側圧縮機構と高段側圧縮機構を一
つのケーシングに備えた圧縮機と、油分離器と、凝縮器
と、減圧装置と、蒸発器とを接続して二段圧縮式冷凍装
置を構成している。このため、油分離器にて分離された
オイルを前記圧縮機に戻すことにより圧縮機がオイル不
足となるようなことはなかった。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, two-stage compression refrigeration systems are often provided with a low-stage compression mechanism and a high-stage compression mechanism in one casing as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-51617. That is, a two-stage compression refrigeration system that connects a compressor having a low-stage compression mechanism and a high-stage compression mechanism in a single casing, an oil separator, a condenser, a decompression device, and an evaporator. Is composed. For this reason, the oil separated by the oil separator is returned to the compressor, and the compressor does not run out of oil.
【０００３】また、このような二段圧縮式冷凍装置にお
いては、より低い蒸発温度を得るために、凝縮器の出口
配管を分岐させ、一方を過冷却器を介して蒸発器に接続
すると共に、他方を電磁弁、過冷却器用膨張弁を介して
過冷却器に接続し更に低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機との
接続配管に接続していた。In such a two-stage compression refrigeration system, in order to obtain a lower evaporating temperature, an outlet pipe of a condenser is branched, and one of the outlet pipes is connected to an evaporator via a subcooler, The other was connected to a subcooler via an electromagnetic valve and a subcooler expansion valve, and further connected to a connection pipe between a low-stage compressor and a high-stage compressor.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記の構
成によると、二段圧縮機を別個の圧縮機にて構成した場
合、即ち、一方の圧縮機を低段側圧縮機として他方の圧
縮機を高段側圧縮機として二段圧縮式冷凍装置を構成し
た場合には、当然に従来の方法でオイルを戻すことはで
きず、何らかの対策を講じなければならなかった。However, according to the above construction, when the two-stage compressor is constituted by a separate compressor, that is, one compressor is used as a low-stage compressor and the other is used as a high-pressure compressor. When a two-stage compression refrigeration system is configured as the stage-side compressor, the oil cannot be naturally returned by the conventional method, and some measures have to be taken.
【０００５】本発明は斯る点に鑑みなされたものであ
り、各々単独で運転可能な別個の圧縮機を使用してその
一方を低段側圧縮機として他方を高段側圧縮機として構
成した二段圧縮式冷凍装置であっても、各々の圧縮機が
オイル不足等を生じることのないオイルコントロールを
実現することを目的とする。[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and uses separate compressors, each of which can operate independently, using one of the compressors as a low-stage compressor and the other as a high-stage compressor. An object of the present invention is to realize oil control in which each compressor does not cause an oil shortage or the like even in a two-stage compression refrigeration system.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、低段側圧縮
機、高段側圧縮機、油分離器、凝縮器、減圧装置、及び
蒸発器を接続してなり、前記低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮
機を、開閉弁を有する油配管にて接続すると共に、油分
離器にて分離されたオイルを、高段側圧縮機と前記油配
管とを順次介して低段側圧縮機に戻すよう構成し、か
つ、凝縮器の出口配管を分岐させ、一方を過冷却器を介
して蒸発器に接続すると共に、他方を電磁弁、過冷却器
用膨張弁、過冷却器を介して低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮
機との間の接続配管に接続したものにおいて、前記低段
側圧縮機を高段側圧縮機より遅延して起動すると共に、
高段側圧縮機のみの運転時には前記開閉弁及び電磁弁を
閉成するよう構成したものである。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a low-stage compression system.
Machine, high-stage compressor, oil separator, condenser, decompression device, and
The evaporator is connected, the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compression
Machine with oil piping having an on-off valve
The oil separated by the separator is distributed to the high-stage compressor and the oil distribution
It is configured to return to the low-stage compressor sequentially through the pipe,
Branch of the condenser outlet piping, one through a subcooler
Connected to the evaporator, and the other to the solenoid valve, subcooler
Low-stage compressor and high-stage compression via expansion valve and subcooler
Connected to the connection piping between the
Start up the side compressor later than the high stage compressor,
When operating only the high stage compressor, the on-off valve and solenoid valve
It is configured to be closed.
【０００７】[0007]
【０００８】更に、並列接続された複数台の低段側圧縮
機、１台の高段側圧縮機、油分離器、凝縮器、減圧装
置、及び蒸発器を接続してなる二段圧縮式冷凍装置にお
いて、前記低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機を、減圧装置、
開閉弁、及び分配器を有し分配器から各低段圧縮機に分
岐された油配管にて接続すると共に、各低段圧縮機を均
油管にて接続し、油分離器にて分離されたオイルを、高
段側圧縮機と前記油配管とを順次介して各低段側圧縮機
に戻すよう構成したものである。Further, a two-stage compression refrigeration system comprising a plurality of low-stage compressors connected in parallel, one high-stage compressor, an oil separator, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator. In the device, the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor, a pressure reducing device,
It has an on-off valve and a distributor, and is connected by an oil pipe branched from the distributor to each low-stage compressor, and each low-stage compressor is connected by an oil equalizing pipe and separated by an oil separator. The oil is returned to each of the low-stage compressors via the high-stage compressor and the oil pipe sequentially.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明の二段圧縮式冷凍装置は上記の構成によ
り、低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機とが共に運転している
時、即ち、二段圧縮式冷凍装置の運転時は開閉弁を開放
させておけば、油分離器にて分離されたオイルを、ま
ず、高段側圧縮機に戻して高段側圧縮機に所定量のオイ
ルを確保した後、この高段側圧縮機で所定量以上となっ
たオイル、即ち、オーバーフローしたオイルを減圧装置
を有する油配管によって徐々に低段側圧縮機に戻すこと
ができると共に、低段側圧縮機から高段側圧縮機へのオ
イルの逆流を防止できる。この結果、低段側圧縮機と高
段側圧縮機とが別個の圧縮機で構成され、各々の圧縮機
に圧力差がある装置であっても各々の圧縮機のオイル量
を所定量に保つことができ、オイル不足による圧縮機の
ロックを防止できる。According to the two-stage compression refrigeration system of the present invention, when the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor are operating together, that is, when the two-stage compression refrigeration system is operated, If the on-off valve is opened, the oil separated by the oil separator is first returned to the high-stage compressor, and a predetermined amount of oil is secured in the high-stage compressor. The oil that has exceeded a predetermined amount in the compressor, that is, the oil that has overflowed, can be gradually returned to the low-stage compressor by an oil pipe having a decompression device, and the oil from the low-stage compressor to the high-stage compressor can be removed. Oil backflow can be prevented. As a result, the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor are configured as separate compressors, and the oil amount of each compressor is maintained at a predetermined amount even in a device in which each compressor has a pressure difference. This prevents the compressor from being locked due to lack of oil.
【００１０】また、低段側圧縮機を高段側圧縮機より遅
延して起動すると共に、高段側圧縮機のみの運転時には
前記開閉弁及び電磁弁を閉成するよう構成したので、運
転開始時の過大電流の発生を防止できることはもとよ
り、低段側圧縮機起動前に両圧縮機の接続管へ液冷媒が
供給されるのを防止でき、高段側圧縮機での液圧縮を防
止して保護できる。In addition, the low-stage compressor is started after being delayed from the high-stage compressor, and the on-off valve and the solenoid valve are closed when only the high-stage compressor is operated. In addition to preventing the occurrence of excessive current at the time of starting, the liquid refrigerant can be prevented from being supplied to the connection pipes of both compressors before starting the low-stage compressor, and the liquid compression in the high-stage compressor can be prevented. Can be protected.
【００１１】更に、低段側圧縮機が複数台の場合には油
配管の分配管を介して各圧縮機に接続したので、各圧縮
機へ均等に油を返すことができ、オイルバランスを良好
に維持できる。Further, when there are a plurality of low-stage compressors, the compressors are connected to the respective compressors via oil distribution pipes, so that the oil can be returned evenly to the respective compressors and the oil balance can be improved. Can be maintained.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明す
る。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１３】１は二段圧縮式冷凍装置である。この冷凍
装置は、圧縮機構とこれを駆動する電動機を一つのケー
シング内のクランク室２及びモータ室３に収納してな
り、低段側として働く２０馬力の低段側圧縮機４と、同
じく圧縮機構とこれを駆動する電動機を一つのケーシン
グ内のクランク室５及びモータ室６に収納してなり、高
段側として働く１０馬力の高段側圧縮機７と、油分離器
８と、凝縮器９と、この凝縮器９の出口配管から分岐さ
れた双方の配管１０，１１に接続された二重管式の過冷
却器１２と、膨張弁１３と、蒸発器１４と、アキュムレ
ータ１５とを図１の如く配管接続することにより構成さ
れる。Reference numeral 1 denotes a two-stage compression refrigeration system. In this refrigeration apparatus, a compression mechanism and an electric motor for driving the compression mechanism are housed in a crank chamber 2 and a motor chamber 3 in one casing, and the compressor is compressed similarly to a low-pressure side compressor 4 of 20 hp acting as a low-pressure side. A mechanism and an electric motor for driving the same are housed in a crank chamber 5 and a motor chamber 6 in one casing, and a high-stage compressor 7 of 10 hp acting as a high-stage side, an oil separator 8, and a condenser 9, a double-tube supercooler 12 connected to both pipes 10 and 11 branched from an outlet pipe of the condenser 9, an expansion valve 13, an evaporator 14, and an accumulator 15. It is configured by connecting piping as shown in FIG.
【００１４】１６は前記低段側圧縮機４から吐出された
ガスを高段側圧縮機７へ送るための配管であり、この配
管１６の途中には吐出圧力脈動を防止するためのマフラ
１７及び混合器１８が接続される。Reference numeral 16 denotes a pipe for sending gas discharged from the low-stage compressor 4 to the high-stage compressor 7, and a muffler 17 and a muffler 17 for preventing discharge pressure pulsation are provided in the middle of the pipe 16. The mixer 18 is connected.
【００１５】凝縮器９から分岐された一方の配管１０に
は電磁弁１９及び過冷却器用膨張弁２０が接続されてお
り、この配管１０は過冷却器１２の内管を経た後、前記
マフラ１７及び混合器１８間の配管１６に接続されてい
る。An electromagnetic valve 19 and a subcooler expansion valve 20 are connected to one pipe 10 branched from the condenser 9. The pipe 10 passes through the inner pipe of the subcooler 12 and then passes through the muffler 17. And a pipe 16 between the mixer 18.
【００１６】また、凝縮器９から分岐された他方の配管
１１は過冷却器１２の外管を経た後電磁弁２１、膨張弁
１３を介して蒸発器１４に接続されている。The other pipe 11 branched from the condenser 9 passes through an outer pipe of a subcooler 12 and is connected to an evaporator 14 via a solenoid valve 21 and an expansion valve 13.
【００１７】２２は、前記低段側圧縮機４と高段側圧縮
機７とを接続する油配管であり、この配管２２には電磁
弁２３とキャピラリーチューブ２４が接続されている。Reference numeral 22 denotes an oil pipe connecting the low-stage compressor 4 and the high-stage compressor 7, and an electromagnetic valve 23 and a capillary tube 24 are connected to the pipe 22.
【００１８】３０は凝縮器９冷却用のファンモーターで
ある。Reference numeral 30 denotes a fan motor for cooling the condenser 9.
【００１９】２５は、低段側圧縮機４の吸入配管及び吐
出配管に設けた低圧圧力検知器２６及び高圧圧力検知器
２７と、高段側圧縮機７の吸入配管及び吐出配管に設け
た低圧圧力検知器２８及び高圧圧力検知器２９からの信
号により、低段側圧縮機４及び高段側圧縮機７のＯＮ，
ＯＦＦ、ファンモーター３０のＯＮ，ＯＦＦ、電磁弁１
９，２１，２３の開閉を制御する制御装置である。Reference numeral 25 denotes a low-pressure pressure detector 26 and a high-pressure pressure detector 27 provided on the suction pipe and the discharge pipe of the low-stage compressor 4 and a low-pressure pressure detector 27 provided on the suction pipe and the discharge pipe of the high-stage compressor 7. The signals from the pressure detector 28 and the high pressure detector 29 are used to turn on and off the low-stage compressor 4 and the high-stage compressor 7.
OFF, ON / OFF of fan motor 30, solenoid valve 1
This is a control device for controlling the opening and closing of 9, 21, and 23.
【００２０】この制御装置２５は以下のような制御をす
る。The control device 25 performs the following control.
【００２１】二段圧縮式冷凍装置１の起動時には、高段
側圧縮機７がＯＮした一定時間後に低段側圧縮機４がＯ
Ｎするよう制御される。When the two-stage compression refrigeration system 1 is started, the low-stage compressor 4 is turned off after a certain period of time when the high-stage compressor 7 is turned on.
N is controlled.
【００２２】低段側圧縮機４或るいは高段側圧縮機７の
いずれか一方が停止したら他方の圧縮機も即停止させ
る。When either the low-stage compressor 4 or the high-stage compressor 7 stops, the other compressor is also immediately stopped.
【００２３】各圧縮機４，７は、それぞれに設けた低圧
圧力検知器２６，２８及び高圧圧力検知器２７，２９か
らの信号により、設定圧力値内でＯＮ，設定圧力値外で
ＯＦＦするようＯＮ，ＯＦＦ制御される。Each of the compressors 4, 7 is turned on within a set pressure value and turned off outside of the set pressure value by signals from the low pressure detectors 26, 28 and high pressure detectors 27, 29 provided respectively. ON / OFF control is performed.
【００２４】起動時、高段側圧縮機７のみの運転状態で
は、油配管２２の電磁弁２３、分岐配管１０の電磁弁１
９、及び膨張弁１３手前の電磁弁２１を閉成させてお
く。即ち、これらの弁２３，１９，２１は低段側圧縮機
４がＯＦＦしている時のみ閉成される。At start-up, when only the high-stage compressor 7 is in operation, the solenoid valve 23 of the oil pipe 22 and the solenoid valve 1 of the branch pipe 10
9 and the electromagnetic valve 21 before the expansion valve 13 are closed. That is, these valves 23, 19, and 21 are closed only when the low-stage compressor 4 is off .
【００２５】電磁弁２３，１９は圧縮機４，７の停止と
同時に閉成する。The solenoid valves 23 and 19 are closed at the same time when the compressors 4 and 7 are stopped.
【００２６】高段側圧縮機７のＯＮと同時にファンモー
ター３０をＯＮする。The fan motor 30 is turned on at the same time as the high stage compressor 7 is turned on.
【００２７】このように構成された二段圧縮式冷凍装置
において、蒸発器１４にて被冷却流体と熱交換して気化
したガスは吸入配管を通って低段側圧縮機４に吸入され
る。低段側圧縮機４にて中間圧力まで加圧されて配管１
６に吐出された冷媒ガスは、マフラ１７を出た所で過冷
却器１２より送られてくる低温の液冷媒と混合し、所定
の温度まで冷却された後、高段側圧縮機７に吸入され
る。In the two-stage compression type refrigeration system having the above-described structure, the gas that has exchanged heat with the fluid to be cooled in the evaporator 14 is vaporized into the low-stage compressor 4 through a suction pipe. The pipe 1 is pressurized to an intermediate pressure by the low-stage compressor 4.
The refrigerant gas discharged into the muffler 6 is mixed with a low-temperature liquid refrigerant sent from the supercooler 12 at the place where it exits the muffler 17, cooled to a predetermined temperature, and then sucked into the high-stage compressor 7. Is done.
【００２８】高段側圧縮機７にて吐出圧力まで加圧され
た高温、高圧の冷媒ガスは、油分離器８にてガス中のオ
イルを分離した後、凝縮器９に入り凝縮器する。The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas pressurized to the discharge pressure by the high-stage compressor 7 separates the oil in the gas by the oil separator 8 and then enters the condenser 9 to be condensed.
【００２９】凝縮された液冷媒は配管１０と１１とに分
岐して流され、一方の配管１０へ流入した液冷媒は、電
磁弁１９を通り過冷却器用膨張弁２０にて中間圧力まで
減圧されてから過冷却器１２の熱源冷媒用である外管へ
供給され、他方の配管１１へ流入した液冷媒は、そのま
ま被冷却冷媒用である過冷却器１２の内管を通って前述
したように配管１６に流入する。The condensed liquid refrigerant branches and flows into pipes 10 and 11, and the liquid refrigerant flowing into one pipe 10 passes through a solenoid valve 19 and is decompressed to an intermediate pressure by a subcooler expansion valve 20. After that, the liquid refrigerant supplied to the outer pipe for the heat source refrigerant of the subcooler 12 and flowing into the other pipe 11 passes through the inner pipe of the supercooler 12 for the refrigerant to be cooled as it is, as described above. It flows into the pipe 16.
【００３０】即ち、配管１０，１１によって分岐された
双方の液冷媒は過冷却器１２にて熱交換し、過冷却器１
２の内管を通った液冷媒は十分に冷却されて膨張弁１３
へ流入する。That is, the two liquid refrigerants branched by the pipes 10 and 11 exchange heat in the subcooler 12, and the subcooler 1
The liquid refrigerant passing through the inner pipe 2 is sufficiently cooled and the expansion valve 13
Flows into
【００３１】そして、膨張弁１３に流入した液冷媒はこ
こで減圧された後、蒸発器１４に入って蒸発する。The liquid refrigerant flowing into the expansion valve 13 is decompressed here, and then enters the evaporator 14 and evaporates.
【００３２】而して、二段圧縮式冷凍装置１の運転時、
即ち、低段側圧縮機４と高段側圧縮機７とが共に運転し
ている時は、制御装置２５によって電磁弁２３は開放さ
れており、油分離器８にて分離されたオイルは、まず、
高段側圧縮機７のクランク室５へ戻される。高段側圧縮
機７のクランク室へ戻されるオイルが所定量を越える
と、このクランク室からオーバーフローしたオイルは油
配管２２へ流入する。When the two-stage compression refrigeration system 1 is operated,
That is, when both the low-stage compressor 4 and the high-stage compressor 7 are operating, the electromagnetic valve 23 is opened by the control device 25 and the oil separated by the oil separator 8 is First,
It is returned to the crank chamber 5 of the high-stage compressor 7. When the oil returned to the crank chamber of the high-stage compressor 7 exceeds a predetermined amount, the oil overflowing from the crank chamber flows into the oil pipe 22.
【００３３】油配管２２に流入したオイルは、キャピラ
リチューブ２４で絞られるので少量づつ徐々に低段側圧
縮機４のクランク室へ供給される。The oil that has flowed into the oil pipe 22 is throttled by the capillary tube 24 and is gradually supplied to the crank chamber of the low-stage compressor 4 little by little.
【００３４】従って、低段側圧縮機４と高段側圧縮機７
とが別個の圧縮機で構成され、各々の圧縮機に圧力差が
ある装置であっても各々の圧縮機４，７のオイル量を所
定量確保することができ、オイル不足による圧縮機のロ
ックを防止できる。Accordingly, the low-stage compressor 4 and the high-stage compressor 7
Is a separate compressor, and even if there is a pressure difference between the compressors, it is possible to secure a predetermined amount of oil for each of the compressors 4 and 7, and to lock the compressor due to lack of oil. Can be prevented.
【００３５】また、制御装置２５により、低段側圧縮機
４と高段側圧縮機７とは、いづれか一方が停止した場合
には、他方も停止するよう同期して制御されており、加
えて、電磁弁１９，２３は圧縮機４，７の停止時には閉
じるよう制御されている。このため、常に二段圧縮式冷
凍装置としての正常運転を維持できると共に、例えば、
圧縮機４，７の停止時に、凝縮器９に残留した液冷媒が
高段側圧縮機７へ流入して再起同時の液圧縮を引き起こ
すようなことは防止でき、更に、低段側圧縮機４の圧力
上昇を防止して再起同時にショートサイクルとなるのを
防止できる。Further, the control device 25 controls the low-stage compressor 4 and the high-stage compressor 7 synchronously so that if one of them stops, the other stops. The solenoid valves 19 and 23 are controlled to close when the compressors 4 and 7 are stopped. For this reason, normal operation as a two-stage compression refrigeration system can always be maintained, and for example,
When the compressors 4 and 7 are stopped, it is possible to prevent the liquid refrigerant remaining in the condenser 9 from flowing into the high-stage compressor 7 and causing liquid compression at the same time as restarting. And the short cycle can be prevented at the same time as the restart.
【００３６】また、所謂ポンプダウン方式によって圧縮
機４，７を停止することも制御装置２５によって可能と
なっており、この場合には、蒸発器１４の周辺温度の低
下を検知する温度センサー等からの信号により電磁弁１
９，２１が閉じられる。Further, it is possible to stop the compressors 4 and 7 by a so-called pump down method by the control device 25. In this case, a temperature sensor or the like which detects a decrease in the temperature around the evaporator 14 is used. Solenoid valve 1
9, 21 are closed.
【００３７】このため、凝縮器９から過冷却器１２、及
び蒸発器１４への冷媒供給は停止されるが、圧縮機４，
７の運転は続行するので吸入側圧力が低下し、低圧圧力
検知器２６の信号により、圧縮機４，７が停止し、冷媒
を凝縮器９に集めた状態とする。For this reason, the supply of the refrigerant from the condenser 9 to the subcooler 12 and the evaporator 14 is stopped, but the compressor 4,
Since the operation of 7 continues, the suction side pressure decreases, and the compressors 4 and 7 are stopped by the signal of the low pressure pressure detector 26, and the refrigerant is collected in the condenser 9.
【００３８】これにより、圧縮機４，７の冷媒の寝込み
を防ぎ、二段圧縮式冷凍装置１の再起同時に液バックを
防ぎ、起動性を向上できる。As a result, stagnation of the refrigerant in the compressors 4 and 7 is prevented, the liquid back is prevented simultaneously with the restart of the two-stage compression refrigeration system 1, and the startability can be improved.
【００３９】更に、二段圧縮式冷凍装置１の起動時に
は、高段側圧縮機７がＯＮした一定時間後に低段側圧縮
機４がＯＮするよう制御装置２５によって制御されてい
るため、中間圧力の異常上昇を防止して高段側圧縮機７
を無負荷に近い状態で運転でき、運転効率を向上でき
る。Further, when the two-stage compression refrigeration system 1 is started, the control device 25 controls the low-stage compressor 4 to be turned on after a certain period of time when the high-stage compressor 7 is turned on. Of the high-stage compressor 7
Can be operated with almost no load, and the operating efficiency can be improved.
【００４０】また、低段側圧縮機４或るいは高段側圧縮
機７のいずれか一方が停止したら他方の圧縮機も即停止
されると共に、各圧縮機４，７は、それぞれに設けた低
圧圧力検知器２６，２８及び高圧圧力検知器２７，２９
からの信号により、設定圧力値内でＯＮ，設定圧力値外
でＯＦＦするようＯＮ，ＯＦＦ制御されるため、異常高
圧や異常低圧圧力での圧縮機４，７の運転を確実に防止
し、圧縮機を保護することができる。When either the low-stage compressor 4 or the high-stage compressor 7 stops, the other compressor is immediately stopped, and the compressors 4 and 7 are provided respectively. Low pressure detectors 26 and 28 and high pressure detectors 27 and 29
By a signal from, ON to OFF ON, outside the set pressure value in the set pressure value, to be OFF control, abnormally high
It is possible to reliably prevent the compressors 4 and 7 from operating at a pressure or an abnormally low pressure and to protect the compressor.
【００４１】また、起動時、高段側圧縮機７のみの運転
状態では、油配管２２の電磁弁２３、分岐配管１０の電
磁弁１９、及び膨張弁１３手前の電磁弁２１を閉成させ
ておくようにしたので、低段側圧縮機４の起動前に、過
冷却用配管１０から両圧縮機の接続管１６へ液冷媒が供
給されるのを防止でき、高段側圧縮機７での液圧縮を防
止して保護できる。At the time of startup, when only the high-stage compressor 7 is in operation, the solenoid valve 23 of the oil pipe 22, the solenoid valve 19 of the branch pipe 10, and the solenoid valve 21 in front of the expansion valve 13 are closed. Since the liquid refrigerant is prevented from being supplied from the supercooling pipe 10 to the connection pipe 16 of both compressors before the low-stage compressor 4 is started, the high-stage compressor 7 Protects by preventing liquid compression.
【００４２】即ち、高段側圧縮機７のみの運転状態では
配管１６にはまだ高温ガスが流れていないため配管１６
は冷えており、この状態で配管１６に液冷媒が供給され
ると液冷媒はそのままの状態で高段側圧縮機７へ吸入さ
れてしまうのである。しかも、このように配管１６がま
だ冷えている状態では液冷媒供給による冷却は不要であ
る。That is, when only the high-stage compressor 7 is in operation, high-temperature gas has not yet flowed through
Is cooled, and if the liquid refrigerant is supplied to the pipe 16 in this state, the liquid refrigerant is sucked into the high-stage compressor 7 as it is. In addition, in the state where the pipe 16 is still cold, cooling by supplying the liquid refrigerant is unnecessary.
【００４３】また、電磁弁２３，１９は圧縮機４，７の
停止と同時に閉成するため、装置の停止時にも各圧縮機
４，７のオイルバランスが崩れるようなことはなく、配
管１６や各圧縮機４，７に液冷媒が寝込むようなことは
ない。Since the solenoid valves 23 and 19 are closed at the same time as the compressors 4 and 7 are stopped, the oil balance of the compressors 4 and 7 is not lost even when the apparatus is stopped. The liquid refrigerant does not fall into each of the compressors 4 and 7.
【００４４】更に、高段側圧縮機７のＯＮと同時にファ
ンモーター３０をＯＮするようにしたので、装置の実運
転（両圧縮機４，７の運転）の前に凝縮器９を冷却して
おくことができ、プルダウン時の高圧圧力上昇を抑えて
起動性を向上することができる。Further, since the fan motor 30 is turned on at the same time when the high-stage compressor 7 is turned on, the condenser 9 is cooled before the actual operation of the apparatus (operation of both compressors 4 and 7). It is possible to suppress the rise of the high-pressure pressure at the time of pull-down and to improve the startability.
【００４５】また、図２は低段側圧縮機を複数台使用し
た場合の他の実施例であり、並列接続された２台の低段
側圧縮機３１，３２（各１５馬力）、１台の高段側圧縮
機３３（１５馬力）、油分離器３４、凝縮器３５、膨張
弁３６、及び蒸発器３７を接続し、かつ、凝縮器３５の
出口配管を分岐させ、一方の配管３８を過冷却器３９、
電磁弁４０を介して蒸発器３７に接続すると共に、他方
の配管４１を電磁弁４２、過冷却器用膨張弁４３、過冷
却器３９を介して低段側圧縮機３１，３２と高段側圧縮
機３３との接続配管４４に接続し、前記低段側圧縮機３
１，３２と高段側圧縮機３３を、電磁弁４５、キャピラ
リチューブ４６、及び分配器４７を有し分配器４７から
各低段側圧縮機３１，３２に分岐された油配管４８にて
接続すると共に、各低段側圧縮機３１，３２のクランク
室同士を均油管４９にて接続し、油分離器３４にて分離
されたオイルを、高段側圧縮機３３と前記油配管４８と
を順次介して各低段側圧縮機３１，３２に戻すよう構成
したものである。FIG. 2 shows another embodiment in which a plurality of low-stage compressors are used. Two low-stage compressors 31 and 32 (15 hp each) connected in parallel and one The high-stage compressor 33 (15 hp), the oil separator 34, the condenser 35, the expansion valve 36, and the evaporator 37 are connected, and the outlet pipe of the condenser 35 is branched. Subcooler 39,
The other pipe 41 is connected to the evaporator 37 via an electromagnetic valve 40, and the other pipe 41 is connected to the low-stage compressors 31 and 32 and the high-stage compression via an electromagnetic valve 42, a subcooler expansion valve 43 and a subcooler 39. To the low-pressure side compressor 3
The high-stage compressor 33 is connected to the high-stage compressor 33 by an oil pipe 48 having a solenoid valve 45, a capillary tube 46, and a distributor 47 and branching from the distributor 47 to the low-stage compressors 31, 32. At the same time, the crank chambers of the low-stage compressors 31 and 32 are connected to each other by an oil equalizing pipe 49, and the oil separated by the oil separator 34 is separated by the high-stage compressor 33 and the oil pipe 48. The compressor is configured to return to the low-stage compressors 31 and 32 sequentially.
【００４６】このような構成により、高段側圧縮機７で
オーバーフローしたオイルを各低段側圧縮機３１，３２
へ均等に返すことができ、しかも各低段側圧縮機３１，
３２に返油されたオイルは均油管４９で同等のレベルに
保たれるため、すべての圧縮機３１，３２，３３のオイ
ルバランスを良好に維持できる。With such a configuration, the oil that has overflowed in the high-stage compressor 7 is removed from each of the low-stage compressors 31 and 32.
To each low-stage compressor 31,
Since the oil returned to 32 is maintained at the same level in the oil equalizing pipe 49, the oil balance of all the compressors 31, 32, 33 can be maintained well.
【００４７】尚、上記構成において、分配器４７から各
低段側圧縮機３１，３２へ至る各油配管４８を、同径で
等しい長さに設定することにより、オイルバランスをよ
り良好に保つことができる。尚、各圧縮機３１，３２，
３３や電磁弁４２，４５等の制御は図１と同様である。In the above configuration, by setting the oil pipes 48 from the distributor 47 to the low-stage compressors 31 and 32 to have the same diameter and the same length, the oil balance can be kept better. Can be. In addition, each compressor 31, 32,
The control of 33, the solenoid valves 42, 45, etc. is the same as in FIG.
【００４８】[0048]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、二段圧縮
式冷凍装置の運転時は開閉弁を開放させておけば、油分
離器にて分離されたオイルを、まず、高段側圧縮機に戻
して高段側圧縮機に所定量のオイルを確保した後、この
高段側圧縮機で所定量以上となってオーバーフローした
オイルを、減圧装置を有する油配管によって徐々に低段
側圧縮機に戻すことができると共に、低段側圧縮機から
高段側圧縮機へのオイルの逆流を防止できる。この結
果、低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機とが別個の圧縮機で構
成され、各々の圧縮機に圧力差がある装置であっても各
々の圧縮機のオイル量を所定量に保つことができ、オイ
ル不足による圧縮機のロックを防止できる。As described above, according to the present invention, if the on-off valve is opened during the operation of the two-stage compression refrigeration system, the oil separated by the oil separator is first removed to the high stage side. After returning to the compressor and securing a predetermined amount of oil in the high-stage compressor, the oil that has exceeded the predetermined amount in the high-stage compressor and overflowed is gradually reduced to the low-stage side by an oil pipe having a pressure reducing device. The oil can be returned to the compressor, and the backflow of oil from the low-stage compressor to the high-stage compressor can be prevented. As a result, the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor are configured as separate compressors, and the oil amount of each compressor is maintained at a predetermined amount even in a device in which each compressor has a pressure difference. This prevents the compressor from being locked due to lack of oil.
【００４９】また、低段側圧縮機を高段側圧縮機より遅
延して起動すると共に、高段側圧縮機のみの運転時には
前記開閉弁及び電磁弁を閉成するよう構成したので、運
転開始時の過大電流の発生を防止できることはもとよ
り、低段側圧縮機起動前に両圧縮機の接続管へ液冷媒が
供給されるのを防止でき、高段側圧縮機での液圧縮を防
止して保護できる。Further, the low-stage compressor is started after being delayed from the high-stage compressor, and the on-off valve and the solenoid valve are closed when only the high-stage compressor is operated. In addition to preventing the occurrence of excessive current at the time of starting, the liquid refrigerant can be prevented from being supplied to the connection pipes of both compressors before starting the low-stage compressor, and the liquid compression in the high-stage compressor can be prevented. Can be protected.
【００５０】更に、低段側圧縮機が複数台の場合には油
配管の分配器を介して各圧縮機に接続したので、各圧縮
機へ均等に油を返すことができ、オイルバランスを良好
に維持できる。Further, when there are a plurality of low-stage compressors, the compressors are connected to the respective compressors via oil distributors, so that the oil can be returned evenly to the respective compressors and the oil balance is improved. Can be maintained.
【図１】二段圧縮式冷凍装置の冷媒回路図である。FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a two-stage compression refrigeration apparatus.
【図２】他の実施例を示す二段圧縮式冷凍装置の冷媒回
路図である。FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a two-stage compression refrigeration apparatus showing another embodiment.
１ 二段圧縮式冷凍装置 ４ 低段側圧縮機 ７ 高段側圧縮機 ８ 油分離器 ９ 凝縮器 １２ 過冷却器 １３ 膨張弁 １４ 蒸発器 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 two-stage compression refrigeration system 4 low-stage compressor 7 high-stage compressor 8 oil separator 9 condenser 12 supercooler 13 expansion valve 14 evaporator
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 実開 昭58−12687（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F25B 1/10 F25B 1/00 387 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Showa 58-12687 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) F25B 1/10 F25B 1/00 387
Claims (2)
器、凝縮器、減圧装置、及び蒸発器を接続してなり、前
記低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機を、開閉弁を有する油配
管にて接続すると共に、油分離器にて分離されたオイル
を、高段側圧縮機と前記油配管とを順次介して低段側圧
縮機に戻すよう構成し、かつ、凝縮器の出口配管を分岐
させ、一方を過冷却器を介して蒸発器に接続すると共
に、他方を電磁弁、過冷却器用膨張弁、過冷却器を介し
て低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機との間の接続配管に接続
したものにおいて、前記低段側圧縮機を高段側圧縮機よ
り遅延して起動すると共に、高段側圧縮機のみの運転時
には前記開閉弁及び電磁弁を閉成するよう構成したこと
を特徴とする二段圧縮式冷凍装置。 1. Low stage compressor, high stage compressor, oil separation
, Condenser, decompression device, and evaporator
The low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor are connected to an oil distribution
Oil connected by pipe and separated by oil separator
Through the high-stage compressor and the oil pipe sequentially to the low-stage pressure.
Return to the compressor and branch the condenser outlet piping
Connected to an evaporator via a subcooler
And the other through a solenoid valve, a subcooler expansion valve, and a subcooler.
To the connection pipe between the low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor
In the above, the low stage compressor is referred to as a high stage compressor.
Start-up delay and when only the high-stage compressor is operating
Is configured to close the on-off valve and the solenoid valve
A two-stage compression refrigeration system characterized by the following.
一台の高段側圧縮機、油分離器、凝縮器、減圧装置、及
び蒸発器を接続してなる二段圧縮式冷凍装置において、
前記低段側圧縮機と高段側圧縮機を、減圧装置、開閉
弁、及び分配器を有し分配器から各低段圧縮機に分岐さ
れた油配管にて接続すると共に、各低段圧縮機を均油管
にて接続し、油分離器にて分離されたオイルを、高段側
圧縮機と前記油配管とを順次介して各低段側圧縮機に戻
すよう構成したことを特徴とする二段圧縮式冷凍装置。 2. A plurality of low-stage compressors connected in parallel,
One high-stage compressor, oil separator, condenser, decompression device, and
And a two-stage compression refrigeration system connected with an evaporator,
The low-stage compressor and the high-stage compressor are decompressed,
It has a valve and a distributor and branches from the distributor to each low-stage compressor.
Oil pipes, and connect each low-stage compressor to
And connect the oil separated by the oil separator to the high-stage side.
Return to each low-stage compressor via the compressor and the oil pipe in sequence
A two-stage compression refrigeration apparatus characterized by having the following configuration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17127291A JP3152454B2 (en) | 1991-03-22 | 1991-07-11 | Two-stage compression refrigeration system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5892091 | 1991-03-22 | ||
| JP3-58920 | 1991-03-22 | ||
| JP17127291A JP3152454B2 (en) | 1991-03-22 | 1991-07-11 | Two-stage compression refrigeration system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04356665A JPH04356665A (en) | 1992-12-10 |
| JP3152454B2 true JP3152454B2 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
Family
ID=26399933
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17127291A Expired - Fee Related JP3152454B2 (en) | 1991-03-22 | 1991-07-11 | Two-stage compression refrigeration system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3152454B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120136057A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-18 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Refrigerating cycle and method for operating the refrigerating cycle |
| KR20130126092A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-20 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Refrigerating cycle and method for operating the refrigerating cycle |
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| JP3462955B2 (en) * | 1996-04-17 | 2003-11-05 | 株式会社 日立インダストリイズ | Refrigeration equipment |
| JP4624240B2 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2011-02-02 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Refrigeration apparatus and cooling storage with refrigeration apparatus |
| KR100693533B1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-03-14 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Temperature adjusting structure and method of balancing oil pipe for air conditioner |
| FR2920838B1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-11-27 | Electricite De France | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR BALANCING OIL BETWEEN COMPRESSORS |
| FR2920839B1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2013-11-22 | Electricite De France | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BALANCING OIL BETWEEN COMPRESSORS |
| JP5608991B2 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2014-10-22 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration apparatus and operation method thereof |
| EP2532991B1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2019-10-30 | LG Electronics Inc. | Refrigerating cycle apparatus and method for operating the same |
| CN102901259A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-30 | 南京五洲制冷集团有限公司 | Double-machine double-stage compression refrigeration unit |
| JP6509527B2 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2019-05-08 | 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 | Dryer |
| JP7082098B2 (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2022-06-07 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Heat source unit and refrigeration equipment |
-
1991
- 1991-07-11 JP JP17127291A patent/JP3152454B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120136057A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-18 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Refrigerating cycle and method for operating the refrigerating cycle |
| KR101721110B1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2017-04-10 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Refrigerating cycle and method for operating the refrigerating cycle |
| KR20130126092A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-20 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Refrigerating cycle and method for operating the refrigerating cycle |
| KR101940488B1 (en) | 2012-05-10 | 2019-01-21 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Refrigerating cycle and method for operating the refrigerating cycle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04356665A (en) | 1992-12-10 |
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