JP3087916B2 - Pull actuator - Google Patents
Pull actuatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3087916B2 JP3087916B2 JP03248306A JP24830691A JP3087916B2 JP 3087916 B2 JP3087916 B2 JP 3087916B2 JP 03248306 A JP03248306 A JP 03248306A JP 24830691 A JP24830691 A JP 24830691A JP 3087916 B2 JP3087916 B2 JP 3087916B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnetostrictive material
- housing
- magnetostrictive
- winding
- movable member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、磁界が加えられると伸
びる特性の磁歪材（正磁歪材）を使用した引きアクチュ
エータに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pulling actuator using a magnetostrictive material (positive magnetostrictive material) having a characteristic of extending when a magnetic field is applied.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】磁歪材を使用した従来のアクチュエータ
は、図４の縦断面図ように構成されている。すなわち、
ボビン３に巻いた巻線２をハウジング１内に収容し、ボ
ビン３内に、正磁歪材４をその伸縮方向がボビン３の軸
線方向に一致するように収容し、該磁歪材４の一端をヨ
ーク５を介してハウジング１の端板１ａで受け、他端に
はヨーク８を介して伝達ノブ６の一端を当接させる。該
伝達ノブ６は先端をハウジング１の他方の端板１ｂから
突出させ、ヨーク８と端板１ｂとの間に、戻しばね７を
介在させる。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional actuator using a magnetostrictive material is configured as shown in a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. That is,
The winding 2 wound around the bobbin 3 is housed in the housing 1, and the positive magnetostrictive material 4 is housed in the bobbin 3 so that the direction of expansion and contraction thereof matches the axial direction of the bobbin 3. It is received by the end plate 1a of the housing 1 via the yoke 5, and one end of the transmission knob 6 is brought into contact with the other end via the yoke 8. The transmission knob 6 has a tip protruding from the other end plate 1b of the housing 1, and a return spring 7 is interposed between the yoke 8 and the end plate 1b.
【０００３】このアクチュエータは、巻線２に通電して
磁歪材４に磁界を加えることにより、磁歪材４を伸長さ
せ、これにより伝達ノブ６を押し出し、被作動体（図示
せず）を動かすものである。This actuator energizes the winding 2 and applies a magnetic field to the magnetostrictive material 4 to extend the magnetostrictive material 4, thereby pushing out the transmission knob 6 and moving an actuated body (not shown). It is.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この従来のアクチュエ
ータは、磁歪材４により伝達ノブ６を押し出す構成を有
するため、引き動作に用いようとすれば、伝達ノブ６と
被作動体との間に動きを変換するためのリンク等を介在
させなければならず、周辺構成が複雑化する上、力の伝
達ロスが大きくなり、さらに直線運動が円孤運動にな
り、所望の動きからずれてくるという問題点があった。This conventional actuator has a configuration in which the transmission knob 6 is pushed out by the magnetostrictive material 4, so that if it is used for a pulling operation, the actuator moves between the transmission knob 6 and the actuated body. Link must be interposed to convert the motion, the peripheral configuration becomes complicated, the power transmission loss increases, and the linear motion becomes arcuate, deviating from the desired motion. There was a point.
【０００５】この問題点を解決するため、永久磁石によ
り伝達ノブ６を突出させておき、引き動作時には巻線２
への通電して永久磁石の磁界を相殺し、戻しばね７によ
り伝達ノブ６を押し込む構造とすることが考えられる。
しかし、このばねにより押し戻す構造により引きアクチ
ュエータを構成すれば、引き力がばね力に依存し、大き
な引き力が得られないという問題点がある。In order to solve this problem, the transmission knob 6 is made to protrude by a permanent magnet, and the winding 2 is pulled during the pulling operation.
It is conceivable to adopt a structure in which the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is canceled by energizing the transmission knob and the transmission knob 6 is pushed by the return spring 7.
However, if the pulling actuator is constituted by the structure of pushing back by the spring, there is a problem that the pulling force depends on the spring force and a large pulling force cannot be obtained.
【０００６】また、正磁歪材４の代わりに磁界を加える
ことによって収縮する負磁歪材を使用することが考えら
れるが、しかし磁歪材の引張り強度は圧縮強度の1/10程
度であって、強度の面で使用に耐えられるものは得がた
い上、最大変形率が０．０６％程度であり、正磁性材の
最大変形率が０．１５％程度であるのに比較して変形量
が小さいという問題点がある。Although it is conceivable to use a negative magnetostrictive material that contracts by applying a magnetic field instead of the positive magnetostrictive material 4, the tensile strength of the magnetostrictive material is about 1/10 of the compressive strength. In addition, it is difficult to obtain a material that can withstand the above-mentioned problems, and the maximum deformation rate is about 0.06%, and the amount of deformation is smaller than the maximum deformation rate of the positive magnetic material is about 0.15%. There is a point.
【０００７】本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、大きな引き
量が得られ、強度が大であり、構造も簡略化された小形
の引きアクチュエータを提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized pulling actuator which can obtain a large pulling amount, has a large strength, and has a simplified structure.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記目的を達
成するため、正磁歪材と、該磁歪材に加える磁界を発生
させる巻線と、前記磁歪材および巻線を収容したハウジ
ングと、該ハウジングの片側にあって前記磁歪材の一端
を受ける固定部材と、ハウジングの他側にあって、ハウ
ジング内に磁歪材伸縮方向に移動自在に設けられ、前記
磁歪材の他端を受ける可動部材と、該可動部材とハウジ
ングとの間に設けられ、前記磁歪材を収縮させる方向に
付勢する弾性材と、前記可動部材に一端を結合し他端を
前記ハウジングの前記固定部材側より突出させた伝達ノ
ブとにより引きアクチュエータを構成したことを特徴と
する。磁歪材に永久磁石により磁界を加えておく構成と
してもよい。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a positive magnetostrictive material, a winding for generating a magnetic field applied to the magnetostrictive material, a housing accommodating the magnetostrictive material and the winding, A fixed member on one side of the housing that receives one end of the magnetostrictive material, and a movable member on the other side of the housing that is provided in the housing so as to be movable in the direction of expansion and contraction of the magnetostrictive material and receives the other end of the magnetostrictive material. An elastic member provided between the movable member and the housing, for urging the magnetostrictive member in a direction to shrink the magnetostrictive member, and having one end coupled to the movable member and the other end protruding from the fixed member side of the housing. The pulling actuator is constituted by the transmission knob. A configuration may be adopted in which a magnetic field is applied to the magnetostrictive material by a permanent magnet.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明は、上記構成を有するので、巻線に通電
すると、磁性材が伸び、これにより、可動部材が押さ
れ、その結果、可動部材に結合された伝達ノブがハウジ
ングに引き込まれる。巻線への通電を停止すると、弾性
材により伝達ノブが突出し原位置に復帰する。あらかじ
め永久磁石により磁歪材に磁界を加えておくものにおい
ては、巻線に永久磁石による磁界を相殺させる電流を流
しておき、電流を反転させると、磁歪材が伸長して伝達
ノブがハウシング内に引き込まれる方向に動く。According to the present invention having the above-described structure, when a current is applied to the winding, the magnetic material expands, thereby pushing the movable member, and as a result, the transmission knob connected to the movable member is pulled into the housing. When the current supply to the winding is stopped, the transmission knob projects by the elastic material and returns to the original position. When a magnetic field is applied to the magnetostrictive material by a permanent magnet in advance, a current is applied to the winding to cancel the magnetic field from the permanent magnet. Move in the direction of retraction.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】図１（Ａ）は本発明による引きアクチュエー
タの一実施例を示す縦断面図、同（Ｂ）はその横断面図
である。１１は筒形をなすハウジングであり、両端に端
板１２、１３がねじ部ａでねじ込む等の取付け構造によ
り取付けられている。１４は筒形ボビン１５に巻かれた
巻線、１６はボビン１５の中心穴内に軸線方向に伸縮自
在に収容された筒形の正磁歪材である。すなわち、該磁
歪材１６は、超磁歪材と称される例えばＴｂ−Ｄｙ−Ｆ
ｅ系のもので、図１（Ｃ）に示すように、磁界Ｈの強度
の増大に伴なって変位（伸長）量λが増大する特性を有
する。1A is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a pulling actuator according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a transverse sectional view thereof. Reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical housing, and end plates 12 and 13 are attached to both ends by an attachment structure such as screwing with screw portions a. Reference numeral 14 denotes a winding wound around a cylindrical bobbin 15, and reference numeral 16 denotes a cylindrical positive magnetostrictive material accommodated in a central hole of the bobbin 15 so as to be able to expand and contract in the axial direction. That is, the magnetostrictive material 16 is referred to as a giant magnetostrictive material, for example, Tb-Dy-F
As shown in FIG. 1 (C), it has a characteristic that the displacement (elongation) amount λ increases as the intensity of the magnetic field H increases.
【００１１】磁歪材１６の上端（図面上の上端であり、
以下同様の上下関係で説明する）は、端板１２の中心凹
部１２ａに嵌合された筒形ヨーク１８に当接している。
すなわち、端板１２とヨーク１８とでハウジング１１に
対して固定された固定部材１９を構成する。ヨーク１８
部分は端板１２と一体に構成しても良いが、本例におい
ては、製作の容易化のために別体に構成しているのであ
る。磁歪材１６の下端は、可動部材２１に当接してい
る。該可動部材２１は、ハウジング１１内にゴムリング
２０を介して上下方向に移動可能に嵌め込まれている。
可動部材２１と端板１３との間には、弾性材である戻し
ばね２２（ゴム等を用いても良い）を介在させ、該戻し
ばね２２により可動部材２１を上方に押し上げている。The upper end of the magnetostrictive member 16 (the upper end in the drawing,
(The same vertical relationship will be described below.) Is in contact with the cylindrical yoke 18 fitted in the central recess 12 a of the end plate 12.
That is, the end plate 12 and the yoke 18 constitute a fixing member 19 fixed to the housing 11. Yoke 18
The portion may be formed integrally with the end plate 12, but in this example, it is formed separately for ease of manufacture. The lower end of the magnetostrictive material 16 is in contact with the movable member 21. The movable member 21 is vertically movably fitted into the housing 11 via a rubber ring 20.
A return spring 22 (which may be made of rubber or the like), which is an elastic material, is interposed between the movable member 21 and the end plate 13, and the return spring 22 pushes the movable member 21 upward.
【００１２】２３は伝達ノブであり、その上部を前記端
板１２の中心穴１２ｂにゴムリング２４を介して上下動
自在に貫通すると共に、前記ヨーク１８、磁歪材１６を
貫通し、前記可動部材２１の中心に例えば図示のような
嵌合等により結合している。Reference numeral 23 denotes a transmission knob, which penetrates an upper portion thereof through a center hole 12b of the end plate 12 via a rubber ring 24 so as to be movable up and down, and penetrates the yoke 18 and the magnetostrictive member 16 to form the movable member. 21 is coupled to the center of the connector 21 by, for example, fitting as shown.
【００１３】なお、前記ハウジング１１、端板１２、可
動部材２１を磁性材によって製作することにより、巻線
１４で発生しかつ磁歪材１６を通る磁界の閉磁路を構成
する。The housing 11, the end plate 12, and the movable member 21 are made of a magnetic material to form a closed magnetic path of a magnetic field generated by the winding 14 and passing through the magnetostrictive material 16.
【００１４】このアクチュエータは、巻線１４に通電す
ることにより、磁歪材１６が伸長するが、磁歪材１６の
上端はヨーク１８および端板１２で受けられ、ハウジン
グ１１に対して相対的に上下移動が阻止され、磁歪材１
６の下方の可動部材２１はハウジング１１に対して相対
的に下降可能であるから、可動部材２１は押し下げら
れ、戻しばね２２が縮む。その結果、可動部材２１に結
合されている伝達ノブ２３が下降する。すなわち、伝達
ノブ２３はハウジング１１に引き込まれる方向に動き、
ピン結合、接着、嵌合その他の手段で伝達ノブ２３に係
合させる被作動体（図示せず）を引く動作を行う。In this actuator, the magnetostrictive member 16 is extended by energizing the winding 14, but the upper end of the magnetostrictive member 16 is received by the yoke 18 and the end plate 12, and moves up and down relatively to the housing 11. Is prevented, and the magnetostrictive material 1
Since the movable member 21 below the movable member 6 can be lowered relative to the housing 11, the movable member 21 is pushed down and the return spring 22 contracts. As a result, the transmission knob 23 connected to the movable member 21 moves down. That is, the transmission knob 23 moves in a direction to be drawn into the housing 11,
An operation of pulling an actuated body (not shown) to be engaged with the transmission knob 23 by pin connection, adhesion, fitting or other means is performed.
【００１５】このように構成すれば、動作としては引き
動作が得られるにもかかわらず、磁歪材１６の優れた特
性、すなわち、変位量が大きく、大きな圧縮強度が利用
できるという利益が得られ、構造も簡素であり、直線的
な引き動作が得られる。According to this structure, the excellent characteristics of the magnetostrictive member 16, that is, a large displacement amount and a large compressive strength can be used, although a pulling operation can be obtained. The structure is also simple, and a linear pulling operation can be obtained.
【００１６】図２（Ａ）は本発明の他の実施例を示す縦
断面図であり、本実施例は、磁歪材１６と永久磁石１７
とを組合わせ、図２（Ｂ）のように、永久磁石１７によ
る磁界強度を、磁歪材１６の伸長量λが最大伸長量の約
半分程度になるように設定し、通常は巻線１４に永久磁
石１７による磁界を相殺する磁界を発生させる値の電流
を流しておき、引き動作を行なわせる時には、巻線１６
に永久磁石１７に加わる方向の磁界を発生させる方向に
電流を流すことにより、引き動作を行なわせるものであ
る。FIG. 2A is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a magnetostrictive material 16 and a permanent magnet 17 are shown.
2B, the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet 17 is set such that the extension amount λ of the magnetostrictive material 16 is about half of the maximum extension amount. When a current of a value that generates a magnetic field that cancels the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 17 is supplied and the pulling operation is performed, the winding 16
The pulling operation is performed by flowing a current in a direction that generates a magnetic field in a direction applied to the permanent magnet 17.
【００１７】本実施例によれば、巻線１４に流す電流を
小とすることができ、小形化が達成できるという効果が
得られる。なお、永久磁石は、磁歪材１６と組合わせる
のではなく、巻線１６側に設けても良い。According to the present embodiment, the current flowing through the winding 14 can be reduced, and the size can be reduced. Note that the permanent magnet may be provided on the winding 16 side instead of being combined with the magnetostrictive material 16.
【００１８】本発明において、磁歪材の形状、構造とし
ては、上記以外に種々のものが採用可能であり、例えば
図３（Ａ）の横断面図に示すように、円孤を分割した断
面形状の複数個の磁歪材２５を組合わせても良く、ま
た、図３（Ｂ）に示すように、複数本のロッド状磁歪材
２６あるいは板状磁歪材を組合わせても良い。また、ハ
ウジングとしては、例えば複数本のロッドにより両側端
板１２、１３を結合した構造のもの等を用いることが可
能である。その他、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲にお
いて、種々の変更、付加が可能である。In the present invention, as the shape and structure of the magnetostrictive material, various materials other than those described above can be adopted. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. May be combined, or as shown in FIG. 3B, a plurality of rod-shaped magnetostrictive materials 26 or plate-shaped magnetostrictive materials may be combined. As the housing, for example, a housing having a structure in which both end plates 12, 13 are connected by a plurality of rods or the like can be used. In addition, various changes and additions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】請求項１によれば、正磁歪材を用いて引
きアクチュエータを実現することができたので、変位量
が大きく、かつ強度が大きく、さらに構造が簡素で、直
線的な引き動作が可能なものが提供できる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pulling actuator can be realized using a positive magnetostrictive material, so that the displacement amount is large, the strength is large, the structure is simple, and the linear pulling operation is performed. Can be provided.
【００２０】請求項２によれば、巻線で発生する磁界を
小さくできるので、巻線を小形化でき、全体形状を小形
化できる。According to the second aspect, the magnetic field generated in the winding can be reduced, so that the winding can be downsized and the overall shape can be downsized.
【図１】（Ａ）は本発明による引きアクチュエータの一
実施例を示す縦断面図、（Ｂ）はそのＥ−Ｅ断面図、
（Ｃ）は磁歪材の特性図である。FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a pulling actuator according to the present invention, FIG.
(C) is a characteristic diagram of the magnetostrictive material.
【図２】（Ａ）は本発明による引きアクチュエータの他
の実施例を示す縦断面図、（Ｂはその磁歪材と磁石との
組合わせ体の特性図である。2A is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the pulling actuator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a characteristic diagram of a combination of the magnetostrictive material and the magnet.
【図３】（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はそれぞれ本発明の磁歪材の他
の構成例を示す横断面図である。FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views each showing another configuration example of the magnetostrictive material of the present invention.
【図４】従来の歪アクチュエータを示す縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional strain actuator.
１１ ハウジング １２、１３ 端板 １４ 巻線 １５ ボビン １６、２５、２６ 正磁歪材 １７ 永久磁石 １８ ヨーク １９ 固定部材 ２０ ゴムリング ２１ 可動部材 ２２ 戻しばね ２３ 伝達ノブ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Housing 12, 13 End plate 14 Winding 15 Bobbin 16, 25, 26 Positive magnetostriction material 17 Permanent magnet 18 Yoke 19 Fixed member 20 Rubber ring 21 Movable member 22 Return spring 23 Transmission knob
Claims (2)
させる巻線と、前記磁歪材および巻線を収容したハウジ
ングと、該ハウジングの片側にあって前記磁歪材の一端
を受ける固定部材と、該ハウジングの他側にあって、ハ
ウジング内に磁歪材伸縮方向に移動自在に設けられ、前
記磁歪材の他端を受ける可動部材と、該可動部材とハウ
ジングとの間に設けられ、前記磁歪材を収縮させる方向
に付勢する弾性材と、前記可動部材に一端を結合し他端
を前記ハウジングの前記固定部材側より突出させた伝達
ノブとからなることを特徴とする引きアクチュエータ。1. A magnetostrictive material, a winding for generating a magnetic field applied to the magnetostrictive material, a housing accommodating the magnetostrictive material and the winding, and one end of the housing for receiving one end of the magnetostrictive material. A member, on the other side of the housing, provided in the housing movably in the direction of expansion and contraction of the magnetostrictive material, and a movable member for receiving the other end of the magnetostrictive material, and provided between the movable member and the housing; A pull actuator, comprising: an elastic member for urging the magnetostrictive member in a contracting direction; and a transmission knob having one end connected to the movable member and the other end protruding from the fixed member side of the housing.
加える永久磁石を備えたことを特徴とする引きアクチュ
エータ。2. A pulling actuator according to claim 1, further comprising a permanent magnet for applying a constant magnetic field to said magnetostrictive material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03248306A JP3087916B2 (en) | 1991-09-02 | 1991-09-02 | Pull actuator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03248306A JP3087916B2 (en) | 1991-09-02 | 1991-09-02 | Pull actuator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0563252A JPH0563252A (en) | 1993-03-12 |
| JP3087916B2 true JP3087916B2 (en) | 2000-09-18 |
Family
ID=17176118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03248306A Expired - Fee Related JP3087916B2 (en) | 1991-09-02 | 1991-09-02 | Pull actuator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3087916B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4007333B2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2007-11-14 | ソニー株式会社 | Magnetostrictive actuator |
| GB2445773A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-23 | Sortex Ltd | Electromagnetic actuator using magnetic shape memory material |
-
1991
- 1991-09-02 JP JP03248306A patent/JP3087916B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0563252A (en) | 1993-03-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20000627 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |