JP3053472B2 - Method for producing processed protein food - Google Patents

Method for producing processed protein food

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Publication number
JP3053472B2
JP3053472B2 JP3253172A JP25317291A JP3053472B2 JP 3053472 B2 JP3053472 B2 JP 3053472B2 JP 3253172 A JP3253172 A JP 3253172A JP 25317291 A JP25317291 A JP 25317291A JP 3053472 B2 JP3053472 B2 JP 3053472B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
test
protein
whey protein
dyne
gel
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JP3253172A
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JPH05244907A (en
Inventor
杵川洋一
北畠直文
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株式会社第一化成
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、乳清タンパク質を使用
する、タンパク加工食品の製造方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a processed protein food using whey protein.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】水産練り製品やハム、ソーセージ等の食
肉製品の主原料としては、従来より、魚肉、冷凍魚肉す
り身、畜肉、家禽肉等が用いられてきた。しかし、これ
らの原料は種々の理由により、必ずしも安定に供給され
ておらず、近年、魚肉すり身は原料不足と価格の高騰に
より、食品加工メーカーの死活問題となっている。その
ため代替使用できる食品素材や食品添加物等の製剤の開
発が種々検討され、一部製品が販売されているものもあ
るが、これらはいずれも、充分な機能を持っているとは
いえない。例えばサイリウムガム等のガム質は、ぬめり
と食品添加物表示の義務があり、加工澱粉は粉っぽさと
過剰な熱膨張性に問題がある。また、セルロース加工品
はザラツキ感と保水性に、大豆、小麦等のタンパク質は
味、臭い等に欠点がある。一方、酪農加工品の余剰産物
である乳清、特に乳清タンパク質は優れた機能を持つに
も関わらず、現在、その利用分野は限られており、十分
な利用がなされていない。なお、乳清の高度利用は、有
用資源の活用だけでなく、公害防止の観点からも重要な
課題となっている。また、現在の水産練り製品やハム、
ソーセージ等は、従来からの固定されたテクスチュアー
が好まれているため、主要原料の供給が不安定で代替品
を用いなければならない場合、代替品の使用は、食感上
のギャップを最小限にとどめる必要がある。更に食の多
様化が進む中、新規な食品を研究開発する事は、食品加
工業及び原料メーカーにとっては必須となっている。
2. Description of the Related Art Fish meat, frozen fish meat, livestock meat, poultry meat and the like have been conventionally used as main raw materials for meat products such as fish paste products, ham and sausage. However, these raw materials are not always supplied stably for various reasons, and in recent years, fish meat surimi has become a vital issue for food processing manufacturers due to shortage of raw materials and soaring prices. For this reason, development of preparations such as food materials and food additives that can be used as substitutes has been studied in various ways, and some products have been sold, but none of these products can be said to have sufficient functions. For example, gums such as psyllium gum are obliged to be slicked and labeled as food additives, and the processed starch has problems of powderiness and excessive thermal expansion. In addition, processed cellulose products have defects in graininess and water retention, and proteins such as soybean and wheat have defects in taste, smell and the like. On the other hand, whey, which is a surplus product of processed dairy products, particularly whey protein, has excellent functions, but at present, its use is limited and its use has not been sufficiently performed. The advanced use of whey is an important issue not only from the utilization of useful resources but also from the viewpoint of pollution prevention. In addition, current marine products and ham,
For sausages, etc., where traditional fixed texture is preferred, if the supply of main raw materials is unstable and alternatives must be used, the use of alternatives will minimize the gap in texture. It is necessary to stop. As foods become more diversified, research and development of new foods is essential for the food processing industry and raw material manufacturers.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、乳清を有効
利用し、水産練り製品やハム、ソーセージ等のタンパク
加工食品の製造を、魚肉すり身や食肉原料の供給量に関
係なく、経済的に、安定して実施でき、しかも、非常に
食感のよい製品を得る方法を提供することを課題とす
る。
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention makes it possible to economically utilize whey to produce fish paste products and processed foods such as ham and sausage irrespective of the supply amount of ground fish meat or raw material of meat. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for obtaining a product which can be stably performed and has a very good texture.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明では、魚肉又は食
肉を主原料とするタンパク加工食品、例えば水産練り製
品やハム、ソーセージ等の製造工程において、精製した
乳清タンパク質を、無塩または低イオン強度下で、pH
4以下または6以上において、55℃以上に加熱して得
た粘稠液もしくはゲルを、添加することを特徴とする。
According to the present invention, purified whey protein is converted into salt-free or low-ionized protein in a process of producing a protein-processed food using fish or meat as a main raw material, such as fish paste products, ham and sausage. Under strength, pH
At 4 or less or 6 or more, a viscous liquid or gel obtained by heating to 55 ° C. or more is added.

【0005】即ち、本発明は、 乳清タンパク質を無塩または低イオン強度になるよ
うに精製した後、タンパク質濃度を1%以上で30%以
下、pHを4以下または6以上に調整した後、55℃以
上に加熱する 乳清タンパク質を無塩または低イオン強度になるよ
うに精製した後、タンパク質濃度を1%以上で30%以
下、pHを4以下または6以上に調整した後、55℃以
上に加熱し、溶液または粘稠ゾルまたはゲルを得、p
H、塩濃度及びタンパク質濃度を調節した後、更に10
℃以下に冷蔵または冷凍後、解凍する というような方法で得た粘稠液(又は粘稠ゾル)もしく
はゲルを使用して、上記課題を解決したのである。この
ような粘稠液やゲルを得る方法は、特願平2−2311
31号、特願平2−231132号、特願平3−538
36号として、既に特許出願されており、本発明では、
これらの出願で開示されるような粘稠液やゲルがいずれ
も使用できる。
That is, the present invention relates to a method of purifying whey protein so as to have no salt or low ionic strength, adjusting the protein concentration to 1% or more and 30% or less, and adjusting the pH to 4 or less or 6 or more. Heat to 55 ° C or higher After the whey protein is purified to have no salt or low ionic strength, the protein concentration is adjusted to 1% or more and 30% or less, the pH is adjusted to 4 or 6 or more, and then 55 ° C or more. To give a solution or viscous sol or gel, p
After adjusting the H, salt and protein concentrations, an additional 10
The above problem was solved by using a viscous liquid (or viscous sol) or gel obtained by refrigeration or freezing at a temperature of not more than ° C and thawing. A method for obtaining such a viscous liquid or gel is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-2311.
No. 31, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-231132, Japanese Patent Application No. 3-538
Patent No. 36 has already been filed, and in the present invention,
Any viscous liquid or gel as disclosed in these applications can be used.

【0006】なお、本発明において、無塩または低イオ
ン強度下とは、塩化ナトリウム換算で0〜300mMであ
ることを意味する (但し乳清タンパク質固有のイオン強
度は除外する) 。
In the present invention, “without salt or under low ionic strength” means 0 to 300 mM in terms of sodium chloride (however, ionic strength inherent in whey protein is excluded).

【0007】次に、本発明において使用する乳清は、チ
ーズ製造時に生成するチーズホエー、酸カゼイン製造時
に生成する酸ホエー、レンネットカゼイン製造時に生成
するレンネットホエーのいずれでもよく、乳清タンパク
質を構成するタンパク質単体、あるいは複合物であって
もよい(β−ラクトグロブリン、α−ラクトアルブミ
ン、血清アルブミン等)。
[0007] The whey used in the present invention may be any of cheese whey produced during the production of cheese, acid whey produced during the production of acid casein, and rennet whey produced during the production of rennet casein. Or a complex (β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, serum albumin, etc.).

【0008】また乳清タンパク質の分離精製方法として
は透析法、電気透析法、ウルトラフィルトレーション、
逆浸透膜法、各種クロマトグラフィ(イオン交換、ゲル
クロマト、疎水クロマトなど)、電気泳動法、吸着分離
法、沈澱分離法などがいずれも使用でき、またこれらを
二種以上組み合わせて使用してもよい。
[0008] Whey protein separation and purification methods include dialysis, electrodialysis, ultrafiltration, and the like.
Reverse osmosis membrane methods, various types of chromatography (ion exchange, gel chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, etc.), electrophoresis, adsorption separation, precipitation separation, etc. can be used, and these may be used in combination of two or more. .

【0009】本発明において使用する乳清タンパク質濃
度としては、特に限定されないが、濃度により粘稠度や
ゲル強度、あるいは作業性,経済性等が異なるため、一
般に、2〜20重量%程度であるのが好ましい。また、
そのpH値は、乳清タンパク質の等電点域(pH4〜
6)以外に調整されればよい。
The whey protein concentration used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is generally about 2 to 20% by weight because the consistency, gel strength, workability, economy and the like vary depending on the concentration. Is preferred. Also,
The pH value is within the isoelectric point range of whey protein (pH 4 ~
It may be adjusted other than 6).

【0010】加熱温度は、一般に、乳清タンパク質の変
成温度である65℃以上にするのが望ましいが、必要に
応じ70〜121℃程度に設定されるのがよい。
In general, the heating temperature is preferably set at 65 ° C. or higher, which is the denaturation temperature of whey protein, but is preferably set at about 70 to 121 ° C. as necessary.

【0011】次に、このようにして乳清タンパク質から
得た粘稠液やゲル(以下、調整乳清タンパク質と述べ
る)は、冷蔵又は冷凍保存し、それをタンパク加工食品
の製造時に使用するのが好ましいが、この冷蔵、冷凍保
存温度は、10℃以下、特に、5℃〜−197℃である
のがよい。冷蔵、冷凍保存時間は、特に限定されず、数
分間であっても、数週間であってもよい。
Next, the viscous liquid or gel thus obtained from whey protein (hereinafter referred to as “conditioned whey protein”) is stored refrigerated or frozen and used for the production of protein-processed foods. However, the refrigerated and frozen storage temperature is preferably 10 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 5 ° C. to −197 ° C. The refrigeration and freezing storage time is not particularly limited, and may be several minutes or several weeks.

【0012】本発明では、調整乳清タンパク質を、タン
パク加工食品の製造工程において、副原料として添加使
用するものであるが、調整乳清タンパク質の使用形態
は、溶液、粘稠液、ゲルだけでなく、スプレードライ、
フリーズドライ等により粉体化した物であってもよい。
なお、ここにタンパク加工食品とは、魚介類の肉、鳥
類、哺乳類の肉等を主原料とする加工食品を意味するも
のであり、例えば、本発明の方法は、蒲鉾、竹輪、揚げ
物等の水産練り製品、あるいは、ハム、ソーセージ、ハ
ンバーグ等の食肉製品の製造に、いずれも非常に効果的
に適用できるものである。
In the present invention, the modified whey protein is added and used as an auxiliary material in the process of producing a processed protein food, but the modified whey protein is used only in a solution, a viscous liquid, or a gel. No, spray drying,
It may be powdered by freeze drying or the like.
In addition, the protein-processed food herein means a processed food having fish and shellfish meat, birds, mammal meat, and the like as main raw materials.For example, the method of the present invention includes kamaboko, bamboo rings, fried foods and the like. All of them can be applied very effectively to the production of fish paste products or meat products such as ham, sausage and hamburgers.

【0013】調整乳清タンパク質は、例えば水産練り製
品の製造にあっては、冷凍すり身の代替品として、冷凍
すり身の1〜30%に置換して使用でき、この場合、通
常の水産練り製品と変化ない食感(テクスチュアー)が
維持される。また、冷凍すり身の30〜90%を、調整
乳清タンパク質で置換してもよく、この場合は、弾力性
に富んだ、硬く、歯切れのよい種々の食感の製品を得る
ことができる。
For example, in the production of fish paste products, the modified whey protein can be used as a substitute for frozen paste products, replacing 1 to 30% of frozen paste products, in which case it is not different from ordinary fish paste products. Texture is maintained. In addition, 30 to 90% of the frozen surimi may be replaced with the modified whey protein, and in this case, products having various elasticity, hardness, and crispness can be obtained.

【0014】水産練り製品の製造方法は、常法に従って
よく、調整乳清タンパク質は、原料魚、冷凍すり身と同
様に取扱うことができ、その添加のタイミング等も同じ
でよい。なお、調整乳清タンパク質は食塩の添加により
増粘するため、擂潰時の機械適正にまったく影響しな
い。また調整乳清タンパク質は食塩添加後は、65℃以
上の加熱により強固なゲルを形成し、水産練り製品の加
熱温度帯(90〜121℃)では、安定なゲル形成能を
保つことが出来る。
The method of producing the fishery paste product may be in accordance with a conventional method, and the prepared whey protein can be handled in the same manner as the raw fish and frozen surimi, and the timing of its addition may be the same. In addition, since the adjusted whey protein thickens by the addition of salt, it does not affect the mechanical suitability at the time of crushing at all. Further, the adjusted whey protein forms a strong gel by heating at 65 ° C. or more after salt addition, and can maintain a stable gel-forming ability in the heating temperature range (90 to 121 ° C.) of the fishery kneaded product.

【0015】次に、食肉製品にあっても、調整乳清タン
パク質は、水産練り製品の場合とほぼ同様の使用が可能
であるが、特に、薄くスライスされるハムやソーセージ
類の製造においては、調整乳清タンパク質の添加は、そ
の加工適正、即ち、スライス時の身割れの防止に非常に
効果を発揮する。なお、調整乳清タンパク質の添加量
は、ハム類にあっては製品の1〜50重量%程度、ソー
セージ類にあっては水産練り製品の場合と同様である。
[0015] Next, in the case of meat products, the adjusted whey protein can be used in almost the same manner as in the case of fish paste products, but especially in the production of thinly sliced ham and sausages. The addition of whey protein is extremely effective in its processing aptitude, that is, prevention of cracking during slicing. In addition, the added amount of the adjusted whey protein is about 1 to 50% by weight of the product in the case of hams, and the same as in the case of the seafood paste product in the case of sausages.

【0016】更に、調整乳清タンパク質は、強い乳化力
を持つため、乳化剤タンパク質(カゼインナトリウム
等)の代替としても使用できる。
Furthermore, since the modified whey protein has a strong emulsifying power, it can be used as a substitute for an emulsifier protein (such as sodium caseinate).

【0017】[0017]

〔蒲鉾配合〕[Kamaboko formulation]

対照区1 対照区2 試験区1 タラ2級冷凍すり身 100 100 100 食塩 3 3 3 砂糖 2 2 2 調味料 0.3 0.3 0.3 澱粉 10 10 10 氷水 55 55 55 調整乳清タンパク質 - - 3 市販分離乳清タンパク質末 - 3 - 但し、調整乳清タンパク質及び市販分離乳清タンパク質
末は、粗タンパク量として3%添加した。(タンパク質
液として30%添加) 〔工程〕常法に基づいて製造したが、各タンパク質は、
本ずり時(塩ずり時)に食塩と同時に添加した。なお、
座りは行わなかった。 〔ゲル物性測定法〕出来上がった蒲鉾を10cm厚にスラ
イスし、レオメーター(山電製のRE−3305)でブ
レイキングテスト(プランジャー8mmフラット、完全破
断)、テクスチュアテスト(プランジャー8mmフラッ
ト、20%圧縮)、クリープテスト(プランジャー8mm
フラツト,荷重100g,5分間荷重,5分間除重)を
行った。なお、クリープテストにおける各記号の意味は
次の通りである。 E0:瞬間弾性、E1:遅延弾性、η1:遅延粘性、η
n:瞬間粘性
Control plot 1 Control plot 2 Test plot 1 Cod grade 2 frozen surimi 100 100 100 Salt 3 3 3 Sugar 2 2 2 Seasoning 0.3 0.3 0.3 Starch 10 10 10 Ice water 55 55 55 Adjusted whey protein--3 Commercially isolated whey protein Powder The prepared whey protein powder and the commercially separated whey protein powder were added in a crude protein amount of 3%. (30% added as a protein solution) [Step] The protein was produced based on a conventional method.
At the time of the main mixing (during the salting), it was added simultaneously with the salt. In addition,
I didn't sit down. [Measurement method for gel physical properties] The finished kamaboko was sliced to a thickness of 10 cm and subjected to a breaking test (plunger 8 mm flat, completely broken) and a texture test (plunger 8 mm flat, 20%) with a rheometer (RE-3305 manufactured by Yamaden). Compression), creep test (plunger 8mm)
Flat, load of 100 g, load for 5 minutes, and deloading for 5 minutes). The meaning of each symbol in the creep test is as follows. E0: instantaneous elasticity, E1: delayed elasticity, η1: delayed viscosity, η
n: Instantaneous viscosity

【0018】〔試験結果〕対照区1、2に比べ、試験区
1は練り上がりの状態が固く、歯ごたえのある、好まし
い食感の蒲鉾になった。 対照区1 対照区2 試験区1 ブレイキングテスト 破断強度(dyne/cm2) 7.24x105 9.10x105 1.06x106 圧縮距離(mm) 5.36 6.07 6.05 破断エネルギー(dyne/cm3) 0.98x105 1.41x106 1.66x106 テクスチュアテスト 硬さ (dyne/cm2) 5.26x105 7.06x105 8.14x105 凝集性 0.78 0.80 0.80 付着性(dyne/cm) 3.73x103 3.02x103 4.04x103 ガム性(dyne/cm2) 4.11x105 5.68x105 6.51x105 クリープテスト(フォークト4要素モデル) E0 (dyne/cm2) 1.26x106 1.61x106 1.82x106 E1 (dyne/cm2) 3.98x106 4.19x106 4.75x106 η1 (poise) 1.89x108 2.41x108 2.55x108 ηn (poise) 2.19x109 2.12x109 2.33x109 ピーク (mm) 2.31 1.73 1.70 リカバリー (mm) 0.52 0.30 0.28 上記結果より、逆浸透,UF法で製造した調整乳清タン
パク質を冷凍すり身に対し30部(粗タンパク質として
3部)添加し、蒲鉾を製造した試験区1では、対照区
1、2比べ、有意に食感の向上があり、弾力性と復元性
に富んだ硬いゲル、即ち腰のある製品が得られることが
分かった。また練り上がり時の粘性も、対照区1、2は
かなり低いのに対し、試験区1は適正な粘性を示した。
[Test Results] Compared with the control groups 1 and 2, the test group 1 was firmly kneaded, had a chewy texture and had a favorable texture. Control section 1 Control section 2 Test section 1 Breaking test Breaking strength (dyne / cm 2 ) 7.24 × 10 5 9.10 × 10 5 1.06 × 10 6 Compression distance (mm) 5.36 6.07 6.05 Breaking energy (dyne / cm 3 ) 0.98 × 10 5 1.41 × 10 6 1.66X10 6 texture test hardness (dyne / cm 2) 5.26x10 5 7.06x10 5 8.14x10 5 cohesiveness 0.78 0.80 0.80 adhesion (dyne / cm) 3.73x10 3 3.02x10 3 4.04x10 3 gum properties (dyne / cm 2 4.11x10 5 5.68x10 5 6.51x10 5 Creep test (Voigt 4-element model) E0 (dyne / cm 2 ) 1.26x10 6 1.61x10 6 1.82x10 6 E1 (dyne / cm 2 ) 3.98x10 6 4.19x10 6 4.75x10 6 η1 (poise) 1.89x10 8 2.41x10 8 2.55x10 8 ηn (poise) 2.19x10 9 2.12x10 9 2.33x10 9 Peak (mm) 2.31 1.73 1.70 Recovery (mm) 0.52 0.30 0.28 From the above results, reverse osmosis and UF method In the test plot 1 in which 30 parts (3 parts as crude protein) of the prepared whey protein was added to the frozen surimi and the kamaboko was produced, the texture was significantly improved compared to the control plots 1 and 2. Hard gel rich in resilience and elasticity, that is the rigidity product was found to be obtained. Also, the viscosity at the time of kneading was considerably low in the control groups 1 and 2, while the test group 1 showed an appropriate viscosity.

【0019】実施例2 チーズ製造時に生成するホエーを原料として、イオン交
換クロマトグラフィによりタンパク質を分離精製し、透
析脱塩後ウルトラフィルトレーション法により濃縮を行
った。得られたタンパク液の濃度を10%,pHを7.0
に調整後、80℃で1時間加熱した。更に10℃まで冷
却し、調整乳清タンパク質を得た。この調整乳清タンパ
ク質を用いて、実施例1と同様の条件で蒲鉾を製造し
(試験区2)、実施例1と同様にゲル物性を測定した。
Example 2 Using whey produced during cheese production as a raw material, proteins were separated and purified by ion exchange chromatography, dialyzed and desalted, and then concentrated by ultrafiltration. The concentration of the obtained protein solution was 10%, and the pH was 7.0.
Then, the mixture was heated at 80 ° C. for 1 hour. It was further cooled to 10 ° C. to obtain a conditioned whey protein. Using this adjusted whey protein, a kamaboko was produced under the same conditions as in Example 1 (test group 2), and the gel properties were measured as in Example 1.

【0020】〔試験結果〕対照区1,2に比べ、試験区
2の製品は、練り上がりの状態が固く、歯ごたえのあ
る、好ましい食感の蒲鉾になった。 対照区1 対照区2 試験区2 ブレイキングテスト 破断強度(dyne/cm2) 7.24x105 9.10x105 1.18x106 圧縮距離(mm) 5.36 6.07 6.30 破断エネルギー(dyne/cm3) 0.98x105 1.41x106 1.87x106 テクスチュアテスト 硬さ (dyne/cm2) 5.26x105 7.06x105 8.49x105 凝集性 0.78 0.80 0.80 付着性(dyne/cm) 3.73x103 3.02x103 4.00x103 ガム性(dyne/cm2) 4.11x105 5.68x105 6.72x105 クリープテスト(フォークト4要素モデル) E0 (dyne/cm2) 1.26x106 1.61x106 2.01x106 E1 (dyne/cm2) 3.98x106 4.19x106 5.56x106 η1 (poise) 1.89x108 2.41x108 2.93x108 ηn (poise) 2.19x109 2.12x109 2.45x109 ピーク (mm) 2.31 1.73 1.56 リカバリー (mm) 0.52 0.30 0.29 上記結果より、イオン交換法で分離精製した調整乳清タ
ンパク質を冷凍すり身に対し30部(粗タンパク質とし
て3部)添加し、蒲鉾を製造した試験区2では、対照区
1、2に比べ、有意に食感の向上した、弾力性と復元性
に富んだ硬いゲル、即ち腰のある製品が得られることが
分かった。なお、試験区2では試験区1よりも更に強固
なゲルが形成された。また練り上がり時の粘性も、試験
区2では、対照区より大幅に増加し、試験区1よりも更
に向上した。また製品の白度,保水性も向上した。
[Test Results] Compared with the control groups 1 and 2, the product in the test section 2 was firmly kneaded, had a chewy texture and had a favorable texture. Control 1 Control 2 Test 2 Breaking test Breaking strength (dyne / cm 2 ) 7.24 × 10 5 9.10 × 10 5 1.18 × 10 6 Compression distance (mm) 5.36 6.07 6.30 Breaking energy (dyne / cm 3 ) 0.98 × 10 5 1.41 × 10 6 1.87X10 6 texture test hardness (dyne / cm 2) 5.26x10 5 7.06x10 5 8.49x10 5 cohesiveness 0.78 0.80 0.80 adhesion (dyne / cm) 3.73x10 3 3.02x10 3 4.00x10 3 gum properties (dyne / cm 2 4.11x10 5 5.68x10 5 6.72x10 5 Creep test ( voigt 4 element model) E0 (dyne / cm 2 ) 1.26x10 6 1.61x10 6 2.01x10 6 E1 (dyne / cm 2 ) 3.98x10 6 4.19x10 6 5.56x10 6 η1 (poise) 1.89x10 8 2.41x10 8 2.93x10 8 ηn (poise) 2.19x10 9 2.12x10 9 2.45x10 9 peak (mm) 2.31 1.73 1.56 recovery (mm) 0.52 0.30 0.29 In the test plot 2 where 30 parts (3 parts as crude protein) of the prepared adjusted whey protein was added to the frozen surimi, the texture was significantly improved in the test plot 2 compared to the control plots 1 and 2. , It was found that the firm gel rich in resilience and elasticity, that is, the rigidity products obtained. In test plot 2, a stronger gel was formed than in test plot 1. In addition, the viscosity at the time of kneading was significantly increased in the test section 2 as compared with the control section, and was further improved as compared with the test section 1. The whiteness and water retention of the product were also improved.

【0021】実施例3 実施例2の調整乳清タンパク質を、5℃で1週間保存
し、ゲル化させた物を、冷凍すり身100部に対し─5
0部(粗タンパク質として5%)添加し、実施例1と同
法で蒲鉾を製造し官能検査した。 〔試験結果〕実験の結果得られた蒲鉾は、従来の物に比
べ、より硬く,弾力性に富み,光沢がよく,保水性が高
い物になった。特に歯切れがよく、また薄くスライスし
ても、弾力性は変わらなかった。従来品が、澱粉系のモ
チモチした食感に対し、試験品はガム性(Gumminess )
が非常に高い食感となった。また製品の白度,光沢はか
なり増加した。更に、乳清特有の味,香りも全く感じな
かった。
Example 3 The prepared whey protein of Example 2 was stored at 5 ° C. for 1 week, and the gelled product was added to 100 parts of frozen surimi for $ 5.
0 parts (5% as crude protein) were added, and a kamaboko was manufactured and sensory tested in the same manner as in Example 1. [Test results] The kamaboko obtained as a result of the experiment was harder, more elastic, better in luster, and higher in water retention than the conventional one. Especially the crispness was good, and the elasticity did not change even when sliced thinly. While the conventional product has a starchy chewy texture, the test product has a gumminess.
Had a very high texture. Also, the whiteness and gloss of the product increased considerably. Furthermore, the taste and aroma peculiar to whey were not felt at all.

【0022】実施例4 常法により(但し、下記製造条件による)、ロースハム
を製造し、スライス適正,歩留まり及び官能検査を行っ
た。 〔製造条件〕 ピックル液 180%インジェクション用,常法
配合 (原料肉100部に対し80部の液を注入する) 工程 ピックル液注入→真空タンブリング
→真空塩漬→整形→ケーシング充填→乾燥→くん煙→加
熱→冷却→製品 タンパク質配合 対照区3─市販乾燥卵白末3%、市販乳清タンパク濃縮
物3%、市販カゼインナトリウム3%をピックル液に対
し添加した。 試験区4─対照区3の市販乳清タンパク濃縮物の代わり
に、実施例1の調整乳清タンパク質(但し、粗タンパク
量を同一とする)を使用した以外は、対照区3と同じ。 試験区5─実施例1の調整乳清タンパク質を、対照区3
の全粗タンパク量と同量、ピックル液に対し添加した。
各製品について、歩留り及びスライス適正を試験した。
歩留りは、(製品重量/原料肉)x100を示す─但
し、整形ロス及びケーシング重量は計算より除外した。
スライス適正は、製品をスライサーで1mm 厚にスライス
した時の、不良品(身割れ)の発生状態を示す。
Example 4 Loin ham was produced according to a conventional method (under the following production conditions), and slice adequacy, yield and sensory tests were performed. [Manufacturing conditions] Pickle liquid 180% injection, blended in the usual way (inject 80 parts of liquid to 100 parts of raw meat) Process Pickle liquid injection → vacuum tumbling → vacuum salting → shaping → casing filling → drying → smoke → Heating → Cooling → Product Protein mix Control 3 Commercially available dried egg white powder 3%, commercially available whey protein concentrate 3%, commercially available sodium caseinate 3% were added to the pickle solution. Test plot 4—same as control plot 3 except that the commercial whey protein concentrate of control plot 3 was replaced by the adjusted whey protein of Example 1 (provided that the crude protein content was the same). Test plot 5—Adjusted whey protein of Example 1 with control plot 3
And the same amount as the total amount of crude protein was added to the pickle solution.
Each product was tested for yield and slice suitability.
The yield indicates (product weight / raw meat) × 100. However, shaping loss and casing weight were excluded from the calculation.
Slice appropriateness indicates the occurrence of defective products (crack) when a product is sliced to a thickness of 1 mm with a slicer.

【0023】 〔試験結果〕 対照区3 試験区4 試験区5 歩留まり(%) 152.5 169.4 172.0 スライス適正 やや割れ有り 割れなし 割れなし 試験結果より、対照区3に対し、試験区4、5はいずれ
も歩留りが向上し、スライス適正も優れていた。食感
は、対照区3では、ややバサついた,モチモチしたもの
となったのに対し、試験区4、5はいずれも歯当たりが
よく、特に試験区5は硬く,歯切れのよい,弾力ある食
感となつた。また試験区4、5は、高い保水性を有し、
特に試験区5はスライス面からの離水は殆ど無かった。
味については、対照区3は卵白及び原料乳からの異味が
強いのに対し、試験区5では、このような異味は殆ど感
じなかった。
[Test results] Control plot 3 Test plot 4 Test plot 5 Yield (%) 152.5 169.4 172.0 Slicing appropriate Slight cracking No cracking No cracking The yield was improved and the slicing suitability was excellent. In the control group 3, the texture was slightly rough and crunchy, while the test groups 4 and 5 all had good tooth contact, and the test group 5 was particularly hard, crisp and elastic. The texture and the connection. Test sections 4 and 5 have high water retention,
In particular, in Test Section 5, there was almost no water separation from the slice surface.
Regarding the taste, the control section 3 had a strong off-taste from egg white and raw milk, while the test section 5 hardly felt such off-taste.

【0024】実施例5 実施例2の調整乳清タンパク質を用い、下記の配合で、
板付座り蒲鉾を、常法に基づき製造した。 対照区4 試験区6 試験区7 イトヨリSAスリ身 100 80 80 9%調整乳清タンパク質液 - 20 20 澱粉 10 10 10 氷水 30 30 40 食塩他 5 5 5 得られた製品について、実施例1と同様の方法で、ゲル
物性測定を行った。但し、ブレイキングテストのプラン
ジャはφ4mmの平板を用いた。
Example 5 Using the prepared whey protein of Example 2 with the following formulation:
A board-shaped sitting kamaboko was manufactured according to a conventional method. Control plot 4 Test plot 6 Test plot 7 Itoyori SA pickpocket 100 80 80 9% adjusted whey protein liquid-20 20 Starch 10 10 10 Ice water 30 30 40 Salt etc. 5 5 5 The obtained product is the same as in Example 1. The gel properties were measured by the method described above. However, a flat plate of φ4 mm was used as a plunger in the breaking test.

【0025】 〔試験結果〕 対照区4 試験区6 試験区7ブレイキングテスト 破断強度(dyne/cm2) 1.15x106 2.50x106 1.29x106 圧縮距離(mm) 4.25 7.31 5.33 破断エネルギー(dyne/cm3) 2.73x106 3.41x106 2.42x106 テクスチュアテスト 硬さ (dyne/cm2) 9.16x105 9.33x105 7.38x105 凝集性 0.77 0.81 0.81 付着性(dyne/cm) 3.39x103 2.93x103 1.88x103 モロサ(dyne/cm) -4.75x105 -4.57x105 -6.34x105 ガム性(dyne/cm2) 7.04x105 7.56x105 5.98x105 脆性度(dyne/cm) 5.61x104 4.51x104 1.14x105 クリープテスト(フォークト4要素モデル) E0 (dyne/cm2) 3.28x106 2.93x106 1.94x106 E1 (dyne/cm2) 8.37x106 9.27x106 7.17x106 T1 (sec) 46.85 47.05 45.01 η1 (poise) 3.92x108 4.84x108 3.17x108 ηn (poise) 2.22x109 1.13x109 1.61x109 ピーク(mm) 1.10 1.13 1.61 リカバリー (mm) 0.15 0.07 0.20 上記結果より、イトヨリスリ身の20%を、調整乳清タ
ンパク質液で置換した座り蒲鉾 (試験区6、7)は、イ
トヨリスリ身のみを使用した対照区4に比べ、硬いが、
弾力性に富み、変形しても復形し易い、より高級感のあ
る製品となった。更に、10%氷水を増量しても(試験
区7)、やや柔らかいが、弾力性の増加した、歯切れの
よい高級感ある製品が得られた。なお、試験区6、7の
製品は、乳の臭や味は全く感じず、イトヨリ本来の食味
は対照区4の製品と全く変わらなかった。更に、試験区
6、7の製品は、対照区4の製品より、白く、ツヤヤカ
な外観及び高保水性を示した。
[Test Results] Control Section 4 Test Section 6 Test Section 7 Breaking Test Breaking Strength (dyne / cm 2 ) 1.15 × 10 6 2.50 × 10 6 1.29 × 10 6 Compression Distance (mm) 4.25 7.31 5.33 Breaking Energy (dyne / cm 3) ) 2.73x10 6 3.41x10 6 2.42x10 6 texture test hardness (dyne / cm 2) 9.16x10 5 9.33x10 5 7.38x10 5 cohesiveness 0.77 0.81 0.81 adhesion (dyne / cm) 3.39x10 3 2.93x10 3 1.88x10 3 fragility (dyne / cm) -4.75x10 5 -4.57x10 5 -6.34x10 5 gum properties (dyne / cm 2) 7.04x10 5 7.56x10 5 5.98x10 5 brittleness (dyne / cm) 5.61x10 4 4.51x10 4 1.14x10 5 Creep test (Voigt 4 element model) E0 (dyne / cm 2 ) 3.28x10 6 2.93x10 6 1.94x10 6 E1 (dyne / cm 2 ) 8.37x10 6 9.27x10 6 7.17x10 6 T1 (sec) 46.85 47.05 45.01 η1 ( poise) 3.92x10 8 4.84x10 8 3.17x10 8 ηn (poise) 2.22x10 9 1.13x10 9 1.61x10 9 peak (mm) 1.10 1.13 1.61 recovery (mm) 0.15 0.07 0.20 From the above results, adjust 20% of the Itoyorisuri body Replaced with whey protein solution Sitting kamaboko (experiment plots 6 and 7) is harder than control plot 4 using only Itorisuri,
This product has high elasticity and is easy to recover even if deformed. Further, even when the amount of ice water was increased by 10% (test group 7), a crisp, high-grade product with a slightly soft but increased elasticity was obtained. The products of Test Groups 6 and 7 did not feel any odor or taste of milk, and the original taste of Itoyori was not different from the product of Control Group 4 at all. Furthermore, the products in the test groups 6 and 7 were whiter, had a glossier appearance, and showed higher water retention than the products in the control group 4.

【0026】[0026]

【発明の効果】本発明は、乳清タンパク質を有効利用
し、水産練り製品やハム、ソーセージ等のタンパク加工
食品の製造を、経済的に、安定して実施できる。また、
本発明では、食肉の量及び品質に関係なく、非常に安定
して、高級感あるタンパク加工食品を得ることができ
る。
Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, whey proteins can be effectively used, and the production of processed fish food products and protein-processed foods such as ham and sausage can be carried out economically and stably. Also,
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a highly processed and high-quality protein processed food regardless of the amount and quality of meat.

フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) A23L 1/31 - 1/325 A23J 3/08 Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) A23L 1/31-1/325 A23J 3/08

Claims (3)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 魚肉や食肉を主原料とするタンパク加工
食品の製造工程において、精製した乳清タンパク質を、
無塩または低イオン強度下で、pH4以下または6以上
において、55℃以上に加熱して得た粘稠液もしくはゲ
ルを、添加することを特徴とするタンパク加工食品の製
造方法。
Claims: 1. In a process for producing a processed protein food using fish or meat as a main raw material, purified whey protein is
A method for producing a processed protein food, comprising adding a viscous liquid or gel obtained by heating to 55 ° C. or higher at pH 4 or lower or 6 or higher under salt-free or low ionic strength.
【請求項2】 上記粘稠液もしくはゲルが、10℃以下
に冷蔵もしくは冷凍した物であることを特徴とする請求
項1記載の方法
Wherein said viscous liquid or gel The method of claim 1, wherein a is refrigerated or those that frozen 10 ° C. or less.
【請求項3】 上記加工食品が蒲鉾であることを特徴と
する請求項1又は2記載の方法
3. The processed food is kamaboko.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
JP3253172A 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Method for producing processed protein food Expired - Lifetime JP3053472B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3253172A JP3053472B2 (en) 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Method for producing processed protein food

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05244907A JPH05244907A (en) 1993-09-24
JP3053472B2 true JP3053472B2 (en) 2000-06-19

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ID=17247539

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Country Link
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