JP3047105B2 - Smoke prevention method and smoke prevention device - Google Patents
Smoke prevention method and smoke prevention deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3047105B2 JP3047105B2 JP2085021A JP8502190A JP3047105B2 JP 3047105 B2 JP3047105 B2 JP 3047105B2 JP 2085021 A JP2085021 A JP 2085021A JP 8502190 A JP8502190 A JP 8502190A JP 3047105 B2 JP3047105 B2 JP 3047105B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- elevator shaft
- fire
- pressurizing device
- smoke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔技術分野〕 この発明は防煙装置に関し、特にエレベータシャフト
の防煙装置に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a smoke control device, and more particularly to a smoke control device for an elevator shaft.
ビル、地下街等の建造物に設けられているエレベータ
シャフト（エレベータ昇降路）では、エレベータ箱（か
ご）が停止する各階にはエレベータ出入り用の開閉扉が
設けられており、この開閉扉が廊下の途中などに設けら
れる防火戸の作用をなし、火災時に開閉扉を開放しない
かぎりエレベータシャフト内には煙が進入しないものと
考えられている。In an elevator shaft (elevator hoistway) provided in a building such as a building or an underground shopping mall, each floor where an elevator box (car) stops stops is provided with an opening / closing door for an elevator. It is considered that a fire door provided on the way or the like is provided, and smoke does not enter the elevator shaft unless the door is opened in the event of a fire.
しかし、室内で発煙片を燃やし、発生した煙に熱気流
を与えて、火災時における煙の流動・拡散実験を行った
ところ、流動拡散する煙がエレベータ出入口の開閉扉と
建物の壁との隙間からエレベータシャフト内に進入し、
エレベータシャフト内の上方から順に煙が充満し、この
煙がエレベータ箱の乗降扉の隙間などからエレベータ箱
内に進入するとともに、他の階の開閉扉と壁との隙間か
らエレベータシャフト外に流出して他の階に拡散させる
ことが判明した。However, when smoke was burned in a room and a hot air flow was given to the generated smoke, a flow and diffusion experiment of smoke in a fire was conducted. From within the elevator shaft,
The smoke fills the elevator shaft in order from the top, and this smoke enters the elevator box through the gap between the doors of the elevator box and the like, and flows out of the elevator shaft through the gap between the door on the other floor and the wall. It was found to spread to other floors.
この発明は上記の点に鑑み、火災時に火災によって発
生する煙がエレベータシャフト内に流入するのを抑制
し、エレベータシャフトを介して煙が他の階へ拡散する
のを防止する防煙方法及び防煙装置を目的とするもの
で、エレベータシャフトを設けた建造物に前記エレベー
タシャフト内を加圧する加圧装置を設け、火災時前記加
圧装置によって前記エレベータシャフト内の圧力を通常
の圧力より高めるようにした防煙装置であって、前記エ
レベータシャフト内と、前記エレベータシャフト外の少
なくともエレベータシャフトの出入り口が臨む各箇所と
に設けられそれぞれの場所の圧力を検出する圧力計と、
火災時に前記エレベータシャフト外の箇所に設けられた
圧力計のうち最大の圧力を判別する判別手段と、前記判
別手段によって判別された最大圧力より前記エレベータ
シャフト内の圧力を所定圧分高くなるように前記加圧装
置を制御する制御手段と、とを有してなることを特徴と
するものである。In view of the above, the present invention suppresses the smoke generated by a fire at the time of a fire from flowing into an elevator shaft, and prevents the smoke from diffusing to another floor via the elevator shaft. For a smoke device, a building provided with an elevator shaft is provided with a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the elevator shaft, and in a fire, the pressure inside the elevator shaft is increased from a normal pressure by the pressurizing device. A smoke gauge provided in the elevator shaft, and at each of the locations outside the elevator shaft facing the entrance and exit of the elevator shaft, a pressure gauge for detecting the pressure of each location,
Discriminating means for discriminating a maximum pressure among pressure gauges provided outside the elevator shaft at the time of a fire, and a pressure in the elevator shaft higher by a predetermined pressure than the maximum pressure discriminated by the discriminating means. And control means for controlling the pressurizing device.
また、前記制御手段は、前記エレベータシャフト内の
圧力が前記最大圧力より所定圧を加えた圧に達していな
いときは前記加圧装置を強で運転制御し、前記エレベー
タシャフト内の圧力が前記最大圧力より所定圧を加えた
圧以上の時は前記加圧装置を弱で運転制御することを特
徴とするものである。When the pressure in the elevator shaft does not reach a pressure obtained by adding a predetermined pressure from the maximum pressure, the control means strongly controls the operation of the pressurizing device, and the pressure in the elevator shaft is increased to the maximum. When the pressure is equal to or more than a predetermined pressure, the operation of the pressurizing device is controlled to be weak.
火災時にエレベータシャフト内の圧力は、判別手段と
制御手段とにより、エレベータシャフトの出入り口が臨
む室又は階の圧力のうちの最大圧力より所定圧分以上高
くなるように加圧されるので、エレベータシャフト内へ
の煙、さらには火災による熱気流の進入が確実に抑制さ
れ、煙や熱気流の他の階への拡散が防止される。In the event of a fire, the pressure in the elevator shaft is increased by the discriminating means and the control means so as to be higher than the maximum pressure of the pressure of the room or floor facing the entrance and exit of the elevator shaft by a predetermined pressure or more. Smoke and hot airflow due to fire are prevented from entering the interior, and the spread of smoke and hot airflow to other floors is prevented.
また、制御手段はエレベータシャフト内の圧力が最大
圧力に所定圧を加えた圧に達しているか否かに応じて加
圧装置の制御状態を変更するので、効率よく圧を高めた
り、圧を保持したりすることができる。Also, the control means changes the control state of the pressurizing device according to whether or not the pressure in the elevator shaft has reached a pressure obtained by adding a predetermined pressure to the maximum pressure, so that the pressure is efficiently increased or the pressure is maintained. Or you can.
〔実 施 例〕 以下本発明について、図面に示す１実施例により説明
する。[Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings.
第１図において、１は建造物の１例としてのビル、２
はエレベータシャフト、21はエレベータ箱、22は各階に
設けられたエレベータ出入り用の開閉扉、23はエレベー
タ機械室、24はエレベータシャフト２の換気用の換気ダ
ンパである。In FIG. 1, 1 is a building as an example of a building, 2
Is an elevator shaft, 21 is an elevator box, 22 is an opening / closing door for an elevator provided on each floor, 23 is an elevator machine room, and 24 is a ventilation damper for ventilation of the elevator shaft 2.
３は、エレベータ機械室23に設けられた、例えば送風
機で構成される加圧装置、31はエレベータシャフト２内
に設けたピトー管などの圧力計、32は各階に（例えばエ
レベータホール）に設けた圧力計である。3 is a pressurizing device provided in the elevator machine room 23, for example, composed of a blower, 31 is a pressure gauge such as a pitot tube provided in the elevator shaft 2, and 32 is provided on each floor (for example, in an elevator hall). It is a pressure gauge.
４は火災受信機、41は各階に設けた火災感知器であ
る。4 is a fire receiver, and 41 is a fire detector provided on each floor.
５は、火災受信機４の火災報知動作に連動してまたは
手動によって動作される。送風機３などを制御する制御
装置で、この制御装置５は火災受信機４内に設けるよう
にしてもよい。5 is operated in conjunction with the fire notification operation of the fire receiver 4 or manually. This is a control device for controlling the blower 3 and the like, and the control device 5 may be provided in the fire receiver 4.
第２図は、制御装置５の１実施例のブロック図で、MP
Uはマイクロコンピュータ、ROM1は第３図にフローチャ
ートで示したプログラムの記憶領域、ROM2は定数Ｋなど
の記憶領域、RAM1は作業領域である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the control device 5, in which MP
U is a microcomputer, ROM1 is a storage area for the program shown in the flowchart in FIG. 3, ROM2 is a storage area for constant K and the like, and RAM1 is a work area.
IF1は火災受信機４の移報回路（図示せず）から出力
される火災発生信号（火災代表信号）や火災地区信号な
どを受信するインタフェース、IF2は圧力計31、32から
出力される圧力情報を受信するインタフェース、IF3は
換気ダンパ24に開閉の制御信号を出力するインタフェー
ス、IF4は加圧装置３に制御信号を出力するインタフェ
ースである。IF1 is an interface for receiving a fire occurrence signal (fire representative signal) or a fire area signal output from a transfer circuit (not shown) of the fire receiver 4, and IF2 is pressure information output from the pressure gauges 31 and 32. IF3 is an interface for outputting a control signal for opening and closing to the ventilation damper 24, and IF4 is an interface for outputting a control signal to the pressurizing device 3.
次にこの実施例の動作を、第３図を参照して説明す
る。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
制御装置５のマイクロコンピュータMPUは、初期設定
を行った後（ステップS1）、火災受信機４から火災発生
信号を受信したか否かを監視する（ステップS2）。After performing the initial setting (step S1), the microcomputer MPU of the control device 5 monitors whether or not a fire occurrence signal has been received from the fire receiver 4 (step S2).
火災感知器41より火災信号などを受信して火災の発生
を判別した火災受信機４から火災発生信号を受信すると
（ステップS2のＹ）、まずインタフェースIF3を介して
換気ダンパ24に閉鎖命令を出力する（ステップS3）。こ
れにより、エレベータシャフト２の換気のため開放して
いた換気ダンパ24はシャフト２内の加圧効率を高めるた
め閉鎖する。When a fire signal is received from the fire detector 41 and a fire occurrence signal is received from the fire receiver 4 that has determined that a fire has occurred (Y in step S2), a closing command is first output to the ventilation damper 24 via the interface IF3. (Step S3). As a result, the ventilation damper 24 that has been opened for ventilation of the elevator shaft 2 is closed to increase the pressurization efficiency inside the shaft 2.
次に、火災受信機４から入力している火災地区信号
（例えば3F）をインタフェースIF1から読み込むととも
に、エレベータシャフト２内に設けた圧力計31と各階に
設けた圧力計32からインタフェースIF2を介して各部の
圧力情報を読み込む（ステップS4、S5）。Next, a fire area signal (for example, 3F) input from the fire receiver 4 is read from the interface IF1, and a pressure gauge 31 provided in the elevator shaft 2 and a pressure gauge 32 provided on each floor are read via the interface IF2. The pressure information of each part is read (steps S4 and S5).
そして、エレベータシャフト２内を除く火災の発生し
た地区がある階の圧力、すなわち空気圧が最大か、他の
階の圧力が最大かを判別し（ステップS6、S7）、判別し
た最大圧力Ｐに所定値Ｋを加えて圧力P1とする（ステッ
プS8、S9）。なお、所定値Ｋは、火災の発生した階から
エレベータシャフト２内に煙が進入するのを防止できる
圧力差で、例えば4mmHgに選ばれる。Then, it is determined whether the pressure of the floor where the fire has occurred except the inside of the elevator shaft 2, that is, whether the air pressure is the maximum or the pressure of the other floors is the maximum (steps S6 and S7). The value K is added to make the pressure P1 (steps S8 and S9). The predetermined value K is a pressure difference that can prevent smoke from entering the elevator shaft 2 from the floor where the fire has occurred, and is selected as, for example, 4 mmHg.
次に、エレベータシャフト２内の圧力P2が圧力P1以上
か否か判別する（ステップS10、S11）。Next, it is determined whether the pressure P2 in the elevator shaft 2 is equal to or higher than the pressure P1 (Steps S10, S11).
この時、圧力P2が圧力P1に達していなければ（ステッ
プS11のＮ）、エレベータシャフト２内の圧力を高める
ため、インターフェースIF4を介して、加圧装置３に
「強」の運転命令を出力する（ステップS12）。これに
より、加圧装置３はエレベータシャフト２内に大量の空
気を送り込み、エレベータシャフト２内の圧力を煙が進
入しないように高める。At this time, if the pressure P2 has not reached the pressure P1 (N in step S11), a "strong" operation command is output to the pressurizing device 3 via the interface IF4 in order to increase the pressure in the elevator shaft 2. (Step S12). Thereby, the pressurizing device 3 sends a large amount of air into the elevator shaft 2, and increases the pressure in the elevator shaft 2 so that smoke does not enter.
また、圧力P2が圧力P1以上であると（ステップS11の
Ｙ）、インターフェースIF4を介して、加圧装置３に
「弱」の運転命令を出力する（ステップS13）。これに
より、加圧装置３は低速運転して空気を送り込み、エレ
ベータシャフト２内の圧力が各階の開閉扉22の隙間から
流出する空気によって低下するのを防止する。If the pressure P2 is equal to or higher than the pressure P1 (Y in step S11), a "weak" operation command is output to the pressurizing device 3 via the interface IF4 (step S13). Thus, the pressurizing device 3 operates at a low speed to feed air, and prevents the pressure in the elevator shaft 2 from being reduced by air flowing out from the gaps between the doors 22 on each floor.
そして、制御装置５は、火災受信機４から火災発生信
号もしくは火災地区信号が入力している間は（ステップ
S14のＹ）上記の動作を繰り返し、火災の鎮火などによ
り火災発生信号等の入力がなくなると（ステップS14の
Ｎ）、加圧装置３に停止命令を出力して加圧を停止させ
るとともに、換気ダンパ24に開放命令を出力して換気ダ
ンパ24を開放させる（ステップS15）。Then, while the fire occurrence signal or the fire area signal is being input from the fire receiver 4, the control device 5 (step S1).
Y) S14) The above operation is repeated, and when there is no input of a fire occurrence signal or the like due to fire suppression or the like (N in step S14), a stop command is output to the pressurizing device 3 to stop pressurizing, and ventilation is performed. An opening command is output to the damper 24 to open the ventilation damper 24 (step S15).
なお、上記実施例では、エレベータシャフト２内の圧
力を加圧装置３によって、建造物の各所に設けた圧力計
32が検出する圧力のうち最大の圧力より高い圧力に高め
るようにしたが、火災の発生した階、すなわち火災発生
場所の圧力より高い圧力に高めるようにしてもよい。In the above embodiment, the pressure inside the elevator shaft 2 is measured by the pressurizing device 3 using a pressure gauge provided at various points in the building.
Although the pressure is increased to a pressure higher than the maximum pressure among the pressures detected by the sensor 32, the pressure may be increased to a pressure higher than the pressure at the floor where the fire has occurred, that is, at the place where the fire occurred.
また、エレベータシャフト２内の圧力を、火災発生場
所の圧力もしくは建造物内の最大圧力より所定値だけ高
い圧力とする代わりに、建造物内の予想される最大圧力
より所定値だけ高い圧力とするように加圧装置で加圧す
るようにすることもできる。この場合には、建造物内へ
の圧力計の接地が省略可能である。In addition, instead of setting the pressure in the elevator shaft 2 to a predetermined value higher than the pressure at the fire occurrence location or the maximum pressure in the building, the pressure is set to a pressure higher than the expected maximum pressure in the building by a predetermined value. Pressurization may be performed by a pressurizing device as described above. In this case, the grounding of the pressure gauge into the building can be omitted.
また、上記では自動的に動作する場合について説明し
たが、手動によって動作させることもできる。この場合
は、ステップS2とS14で手動入力があるか否かをも判断
させるようにすればよい。In the above description, the operation is performed automatically. However, the operation may be performed manually. In this case, it may be determined whether or not there is a manual input in steps S2 and S14.
この発明によれば、火災時にエレベータシャフト内の
圧力は、判別手段と制御手段とにより、エレベータシャ
フトの出入り口が臨む室又は階の圧力のうちの最大圧力
より所定圧分以上高くなるように加圧されるので、エレ
ベータシャフト内への煙、さらには火災による熱気流の
進入が確実に抑制され、煙や熱気流の他の階への拡散が
防止されるので、火災時に消防隊がエレベータを安全に
使用できるとともに、エレベータシャフトが他の階への
煙や熱気流の拡散路となるのを阻止できる効果がある。
また、制御手段はエレベータシャフト内の圧力が最大圧
力に所定圧を加えた圧に達しているか否かに応じて加圧
装置の制御状態を変更するので、効率よく圧を高めた
り、圧を保持したりすることができる効果がある。According to the present invention, the pressure in the elevator shaft at the time of fire is increased by the discriminating means and the control means so as to be higher than the maximum pressure of the room or floor facing the entrance and exit of the elevator shaft by a predetermined pressure or more. This ensures that smoke entering the elevator shaft and even hot airflow due to fire is suppressed, preventing smoke and hot airflow from spreading to other floors. And the effect of preventing the elevator shaft from being a diffusion path for smoke and hot air to other floors.
Also, the control means changes the control state of the pressurizing device according to whether or not the pressure in the elevator shaft has reached a pressure obtained by adding a predetermined pressure to the maximum pressure, so that the pressure is efficiently increased or the pressure is maintained. There is an effect that can be.
第１図はこの発明の１実施例の配置図、第２図は第１図
の制御装置の１実施例のブロック図、第３図は第２図の
制御装置の動作を説明するプログラムの１例のフローチ
ャートである。 １……建造物、２……エレベータシャフト、22……開閉
扉、３……加圧装置、31、32……圧力計、４……火災受
信機、５……制御手段。FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the control device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a program 1 for explaining the operation of the control device of FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an example. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building, 2 ... Elevator shaft, 22 ... Opening / closing door, 3 ... Pressurizing device, 31, 32 ... Pressure gauge, 4 ... Fire receiver, 5 ... Control means.
Claims (2)
エレベータシャフト内を加圧する加圧装置を設け、火災
時前記加圧装置によって前記エレベータシャフト内の圧
力を通常の圧力より高めるようにした防煙装置であっ
て、 前記エレベータシャフト内と、前記エレベータシャフト
外の少なくともエレベータシャフトの出入り口が臨む各
箇所とに設けられそれぞれの場所の圧力を検出する圧力
計と、 火災時に前記エレベータシャフト外の箇所に設けられた
圧力計のうち最大の圧力を判別する判別手段と、 前記判別手段によって判別された最大圧力より前記エレ
ベータシャフト内の圧力を所定圧分高くなるように前記
加圧装置を制御する制御手段と、 とを有してなることを特徴とする防煙装置。1. A smoke prevention device comprising: a building provided with an elevator shaft; and a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the elevator shaft, wherein the pressure in the elevator shaft is increased from a normal pressure by the pressurizing device in a fire. A device, wherein a pressure gauge is provided at the elevator shaft and at each of the locations outside the elevator shaft facing the entrance and exit of the elevator shaft to detect a pressure at each location, and at a location outside the elevator shaft during a fire. Discriminating means for discriminating a maximum pressure among the provided pressure gauges; and control means for controlling the pressurizing device so that the pressure in the elevator shaft is higher by a predetermined pressure than the maximum pressure discriminated by the discriminating means. And a smoke prevention device comprising:
内の圧力が前記最大圧力より所定圧を加えた圧に達して
いないときは前記加圧装置を強で運転制御し、前記エレ
ベータシャフト内の圧力が前記最大圧力より所定圧を加
えた圧以上の時は前記加圧装置を弱で運転制御すること
を特徴とする請求項１記載の防煙装置。2. The pressure control device according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the operation of the pressurizing device strongly when the pressure in the elevator shaft does not reach a pressure obtained by adding a predetermined pressure from the maximum pressure. The smoke prevention device according to claim 1, wherein when the pressure is equal to or higher than a pressure obtained by adding a predetermined pressure to the maximum pressure, the operation of the pressurizing device is controlled to be weak.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2085021A JP3047105B2 (en) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-04-02 | Smoke prevention method and smoke prevention device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2085021A JP3047105B2 (en) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-04-02 | Smoke prevention method and smoke prevention device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03286784A JPH03286784A (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| JP3047105B2 true JP3047105B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 |
Family
ID=13847078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2085021A Expired - Fee Related JP3047105B2 (en) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-04-02 | Smoke prevention method and smoke prevention device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3047105B2 (en) |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101223239B1 (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-01-21 | 주식회사 페스텍 | Supply damper of separating the leakage air flow and the supplementary air flow, and its control method |
-
1990
- 1990-04-02 JP JP2085021A patent/JP3047105B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9980479B2 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2018-05-29 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Llc | Method of reducing nematode damage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03286784A (en) | 1991-12-17 |
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