JP2997805B2 - Honeycomb heater and exhaust gas purification device using the same - Google Patents
Honeycomb heater and exhaust gas purification device using the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JP2997805B2 JP2997805B2 JP4747789A JP4747789A JP2997805B2 JP 2997805 B2 JP2997805 B2 JP 2997805B2 JP 4747789 A JP4747789 A JP 4747789A JP 4747789 A JP4747789 A JP 4747789A JP 2997805 B2 JP2997805 B2 JP 2997805B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- honeycomb
- exhaust gas
- shaped body
- stainless steel
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はハニカムヒータ、およびこのハニカムヒータ
を用いた自動車等の排気ガス浄化装置に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a honeycomb heater and an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an automobile or the like using the honeycomb heater.
従来より一般に用いられている排気ガス浄化装置は、
コージライト等のセラミックスからなるハニカム体に触
媒成分として白金族元素を担持させたものを用いてお
り、このハニカム体中に排気ガスを通過させると、前記
触媒成分の作用によって排気ガス中のHC,CO,NOXをCO2,N
2,H2Oに変えるようになっていた。Exhaust gas purifiers that have been generally used in the past are:
A honeycomb body made of ceramics such as cordierite supports a platinum group element as a catalyst component, and when an exhaust gas is passed through the honeycomb body, the action of the catalyst component causes HC, CO, NO X to CO 2 , N
2, was supposed to change to H 2 O.
ところが、このような従来のセラミックハニカム体を
用いた排気ガス浄化装置においては、使用中に排気ガス
中のカーボン等が付着して排気ガスの流動抵抗が高くな
ったり、あるいはエンジンの始動初期にはセラミックハ
ニカム体の温度が低いため触媒作用が働きにくい等の問
題があった。However, in such an exhaust gas purifying apparatus using a conventional ceramic honeycomb body, carbon or the like in the exhaust gas adheres during use and the flow resistance of the exhaust gas increases, or in the early stage of starting the engine, There is a problem that the catalytic action is difficult to work because the temperature of the ceramic honeycomb body is low.
この問題点を解決するために、例えば第５図に示すよ
うにセラミックハニカム体20の内側表面に抵抗ペースト
21を塗布しておいて、リード線22によって抵抗ペースト
21に通電して発熱させるようにしたものもあった。（実
公昭51−13621号公報参照）がこのような構造では製造
が非常に困難であり、実用上問題が大きかった。In order to solve this problem, for example, as shown in FIG.
21 and apply resistance paste with lead wire 22
In some cases, electricity was supplied to 21 to generate heat. (See Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-13621) However, such a structure is very difficult to manufacture, and has a serious problem in practical use.
また、この他にもセラミックハニカム体20を発熱させ
るべく、さまざまな構造のものが考えられていたが、い
ずれも構造が複雑となり実用的でないものであった。Various other structures have been considered in order to generate heat from the ceramic honeycomb body 20, but all of them have become complicated and impractical.
さらに、従来のセラミックハニカム体を用いた排気ガ
ス浄化装置では、ハニカム体の肉厚を薄くすることが困
難であるため、小型化できず、排気ガスの流動抵抗が大
きかった。また、セラミックハニカム体は、さまざまな
形状に加工することが困難で、衝撃に弱いため取付時に
緩衝材を必要とするなどの不都合があった。Furthermore, in a conventional exhaust gas purifying apparatus using a ceramic honeycomb body, it was difficult to reduce the thickness of the honeycomb body, so that the size could not be reduced and the flow resistance of the exhaust gas was large. In addition, it is difficult to process the ceramic honeycomb body into various shapes, and there is an inconvenience that a cushioning material is required when the ceramic honeycomb body is attached because it is weak against impact.
上記に鑑みて本発明は、融点が1399℃〜1500℃のフェ
ライト系又はオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板により形
成したハニカム形状体に電極を形成し、該電極を通じて
前記ハニカム形状体自体に通電して発熱させるようにし
てハニカムヒータを形成し、また、このハニカムヒータ
に触媒成分を担持させることによって排気ガス浄化装置
を構成したものである。In view of the above, the present invention is to form an electrode on a honeycomb-shaped body formed of a ferritic or austenitic stainless steel plate having a melting point of 1399 ° C to 1500 ° C, and to generate heat by passing electricity through the honeycomb-shaped body itself through the electrode. Thus, a honeycomb heater is formed, and a catalyst component is carried on the honeycomb heater to constitute an exhaust gas purifying apparatus.
以下の本発明の実施例を図によって説明する。 The following embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図に示すハニカムヒータは、ステンレス鋼から成
るハニカム形状体１の中心部に電極２を、外側面に電極
３をそれぞれ形成し、これら電極2,3間に通電できるよ
うに電源４、スイッチ５を備えている。従って、該スイ
ッチ５を入れることによってハニカム形状体１自身に通
電し、発熱させることができるため、例えば温風器用ヒ
ータや液体加熱用ヒータ等として利用することができ
る。The honeycomb heater shown in FIG. 1 has an electrode 2 formed at the center of a honeycomb-shaped body 1 made of stainless steel, and an electrode 3 formed on an outer surface thereof. 5 is provided. Therefore, when the switch 5 is turned on, the honeycomb-shaped body 1 itself can be energized to generate heat, and thus can be used as a heater for a hot air heater, a heater for liquid heating, or the like.
さらに、上記電極２は、リード線を接合した棒状体を
ハニカム形状体１の中央に挿入したものであり、電極３
はハニカム形状体１の外側面に直接リード線を接合して
なるものである。このように、ステンレス鋼から成るハ
ニカム形状体１自身を通電発熱体として利用しているこ
とにより、非常に簡単な構造となり、製造も容易であ
る。なお、電極２を形成する棒状体には温度センサーを
備えておき過熱等を検知することもできる。Further, the electrode 2 is obtained by inserting a rod-shaped body to which a lead wire is joined into the center of the honeycomb-shaped body 1.
Is formed by directly connecting a lead wire to the outer surface of the honeycomb-shaped body 1. As described above, since the honeycomb-shaped body 1 made of stainless steel is used as the current-carrying heating element, it has a very simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The rod-shaped body forming the electrode 2 may be provided with a temperature sensor to detect overheating or the like.
また、他の実施例として第２図に示すようにハニカム
形状体１の外側面両端にリング状の電極２′,3′を形成
しておいて、これら電極２′,3′間に通電できるよう
に、電源４、スイッチ５を備えたものでも良い。As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, ring-shaped electrodes 2 ', 3' are formed at both ends of the outer surface of the honeycomb-shaped body 1, and electricity can be supplied between these electrodes 2 ', 3'. As described above, a power supply 4 and a switch 5 may be provided.
さらに、上記のステンレス鋼から成るハニカム形状体
１をアルミナ等で被覆し、絶縁層を形成したものでも良
い。Further, the honeycomb-shaped body 1 made of the above stainless steel may be coated with alumina or the like to form an insulating layer.
以上、ハニカムヒータとしての実施例について説明し
てきたが、これを排気ガス浄化装置に用いることもでき
る。即ち、第１図、第２図に示したステンレス鋼から成
るハニカム形状体１にγ−Al2O3を被覆するウォッシュ
コートを施した後、このγ−Al2O3層に触媒成分として
白金族元素を担持させればよい。Although the embodiment as the honeycomb heater has been described above, the honeycomb heater can be used in an exhaust gas purification device. That is, FIG. 1, after performing washcoat covering a gamma-Al 2 O 3 in the honeycomb shaped body 1 made of stainless steel as shown in FIG. 2, the platinum as a catalyst component in the gamma-Al 2 O 3 layer What is necessary is just to carry a group element.
このようにすれば、ハニカム形状体１には電極2,3が
形成され、通電発熱させられることから、エンジン始動
初期でも、すぐに触媒が作用しやすい温度（300〜600
℃）とすることができ、またハニカム形状体１中にカー
ボン等が付着した場合でも焼成して除去することができ
る。更に、前記ステンレス鋼から成るハニカム形状体１
はセラミックハニカム体に比べて肉厚を薄くできること
から、排気ガス浄化装置を小型にすることができるだけ
でなく、ハニカム形状体１をさまざまな形状とすること
が可能であり、緩衝材も必要がない。In this way, since the electrodes 2 and 3 are formed on the honeycomb-shaped body 1 and are energized to generate heat, the temperature at which the catalyst easily acts (300 to 600
° C), and even when carbon or the like adheres to the honeycomb shaped body 1, it can be removed by firing. Further, the honeycomb-shaped body 1 made of the stainless steel
Since the thickness can be made thinner than the ceramic honeycomb body, not only can the exhaust gas purifying device be reduced in size, but also the honeycomb shaped body 1 can be made into various shapes, and no cushioning material is required. .
上記ハニカム形状体１は、第３図に端面を示すよう
に、ステンレス鋼からなる平板11、波板12を交互に重ね
たものであり、第４図に示すように平板11、波板12を重
ね合わせて螺旋状に巻き上げ、必要な箇所をロウ付け又
はスポット溶接したものである。As shown in FIG. 3, the honeycomb-shaped body 1 has a flat plate 11 made of stainless steel and a corrugated plate 12 alternately stacked on each other, as shown in FIG. They are superposed and spirally wound and brazed or spot-welded at necessary places.
また、材質として用いるステンレス鋼は、オーステナ
イト系ステンレス鋼やフェライト系ステンレス鋼を用い
れば良い。オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼はNi,Crの合
金量が多く高温強度が優れ、フェライト系ステンレス鋼
はNiを含有せずAlを含有する合金では高温の耐酸化性が
優れている。このAlを含有するステンレス鋼は、成形後
の酸化処理で表面に数μｍのAl2O3層が折出するため絶
縁性、耐酸化性等に優れており、このAl2O3層に直接触
媒成分を担持させればウォッシュコート工程を省略する
ことも可能である。また、これらのステンレス鋼にAlメ
ッキを施しておいて酸化処理を行うことによっても上記
のようにAl2O3層を形成することができ、このAl2O3層を
絶縁層とできるほか、このAl2O3層に直接触媒成分を担
持させることもできる。これらのステンレス鋼の特性は
第１表に示す通りである。As the stainless steel used as the material, austenitic stainless steel or ferritic stainless steel may be used. Austenitic stainless steel has a large amount of Ni and Cr alloys and has excellent high-temperature strength, and ferritic stainless steel has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance in alloys containing Al but not Ni. This Al-containing stainless steel is excellent in insulation, oxidation resistance, etc., because an Al 2 O 3 layer with a thickness of several μm is formed on the surface by oxidation treatment after forming, and is directly applied to this Al 2 O 3 layer. If a catalyst component is supported, the wash coat step can be omitted. Also, by subjecting these stainless steels to Al plating and performing oxidation treatment, an Al 2 O 3 layer can be formed as described above, and this Al 2 O 3 layer can be used as an insulating layer. A catalyst component can be directly supported on this Al 2 O 3 layer. The properties of these stainless steels are as shown in Table 1.
実際に第１図に示す構造のハニカムヒータを試作し
た。ハニカム形状体１は直径75mm、長さ80mmのものと
し、電極2,3間の抵抗値は0.4Ωとなり、第６図に昇温カ
ーブを示すように、この電極2,3間に1.5vの電圧を加え
れば４分30秒でハニカム形状体１の温度を300℃とする
ことができた。 A honeycomb heater having the structure shown in FIG. 1 was actually manufactured. The honeycomb-shaped body 1 had a diameter of 75 mm and a length of 80 mm, and the resistance value between the electrodes 2 and 3 was 0.4 Ω. As shown in the temperature rise curve in FIG. By applying a voltage, the temperature of the honeycomb-shaped body 1 could be set to 300 ° C. in 4 minutes and 30 seconds.
従って、排気ガス浄化装置として用いれば充分触媒を
活性化することができる。Therefore, if used as an exhaust gas purifying device, the catalyst can be sufficiently activated.
また、上記ハニカム形状体１は、平板11、波板12の肉
厚を変えたり、一部に切り欠き等を設けることによっ
て、その抵抗値を最適のものに調整することが可能であ
る。The resistance of the honeycomb-shaped body 1 can be adjusted to an optimum value by changing the thickness of the flat plate 11 and the corrugated plate 12 or providing a cutout or the like in a part thereof.
叙上のように本発明によれば、融点が1399℃〜1500℃
のフェライト系又はオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板か
ら成るハニカム形状体に電極を形成し、該電極を通じて
前記ハニカム形状体自身に通電発熱させる手段を備えた
ことによって、非常に簡単な構造で熱効率の良いハニカ
ムヒータとすることができる。According to the present invention as described above, the melting point is 1399 ° C to 1500 ° C.
An electrode is formed on a honeycomb-shaped body made of a ferritic or austenitic stainless steel sheet of the above, and a means for energizing and heating the honeycomb-shaped body through the electrode is provided. can do.
また、このハニカムヒータに触媒成分を担持させて排
気ガス浄化装置を形成したことによって、ハニカム形状
体自体を自由に発熱させられるため、エンジン始動初期
でも、すぐに触媒が活性化する温度とすることができる
だけでなく、カーボン等が付着した場合でも燃焼除去が
可能となり、しかも製造が容易となる。更に、ステンレ
ス鋼から成るハニカム形状体は肉厚を薄くできることか
ら、小型にでき、排気ガスの流動抵抗が小さいだけでな
く、容易にさまざまな形状とすることができ、耐衝撃性
に優れているため取付時に緩衝材が必要ないなど、多く
の効果を奏することができる。In addition, since the honeycomb heater itself can freely generate heat by forming an exhaust gas purifying device by carrying a catalyst component on the honeycomb heater, the temperature is set to a temperature at which the catalyst is immediately activated even at the initial stage of engine start. In addition to the above, even when carbon or the like adheres, combustion and removal can be performed, and the production becomes easy. Furthermore, since the honeycomb-shaped body made of stainless steel can be made thinner, it can be made smaller, not only has low flow resistance of exhaust gas, but also can be easily formed into various shapes, and has excellent impact resistance. Therefore, many effects can be achieved, such as no need for a cushioning material when mounting.
第１図は本発明実施例に係るハニカムヒータを示す概略
斜視図、第２図は本発明の他の実施例を示す概略斜視
図、である。 第３図は、本発明のハニカムヒータを構成するハニカム
形状体の部分端面図、第４図は同じくハニカム形状体の
製造工程を説明するための斜視図である。 第５図は従来の排気ガス浄化装置に用いるセラミックハ
ニカム体の端面図である。 第６図は本発明のハニカムヒータの昇温特性を示すグラ
フである。 1:ハニカム形状体 2,3:電極 4:電源 5:スイッチFIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a honeycomb heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial end view of a honeycomb-shaped body constituting the honeycomb heater of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining a manufacturing process of the same honeycomb-shaped body. FIG. 5 is an end view of a ceramic honeycomb body used for a conventional exhaust gas purification device. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature rise characteristics of the honeycomb heater of the present invention. 1: Honeycomb shaped body 2, 3: Electrode 4: Power supply 5: Switch
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭49−116412（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭57−71898（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭49−133720（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭63−67609（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特表 平３−500911（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F01N 3/02 F01N 3/20 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-49-116412 (JP, A) JP-A-57-71898 (JP, A) JP-A-49-133720 (JP, A) 67609 (JP, U) Special Table Hei 5-500911 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) F01N 3/02 F01N 3/20
Claims (2)
オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板から成るハニカム形状
体の中心部と外側面又は外側面両端にそれぞれ電極を配
設すると共に、該電極を通じて前記ハニカム形状体に通
電し、発熱させるようにしたことを特徴とするハニカム
ヒータ。1. An electrode is disposed at a central portion and an outer surface or both ends of an outer surface of a honeycomb formed body made of a ferritic or austenitic stainless steel plate having a melting point of 1399 ° C. to 1500 ° C., and the honeycomb shape is formed through the electrode. A honeycomb heater, wherein electricity is supplied to a body to generate heat.
持してなる融点が1399℃〜1500℃のフェライト系又はオ
ーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板から成るハニカム形状体
に、中心部と外側面又は外側面両端にそれぞれ電極を配
設すると共に、該電極を通じて前記ハニカム形状体に通
電して発熱させ、上記触媒成分を活性化させるようにし
たことを特徴とする排気ガス浄化装置。2. A honeycomb body made of a ferritic or austenitic stainless steel sheet having a melting point of 1399 ° C. to 1500 ° C. and having a catalyst component supported on an alumina layer formed on the surface thereof. An exhaust gas purifying apparatus, wherein an electrode is disposed on each of the honeycomb-shaped bodies, and the honeycomb-shaped body is energized through the electrodes to generate heat and activate the catalyst component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4747789A JP2997805B2 (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1989-02-27 | Honeycomb heater and exhaust gas purification device using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4747789A JP2997805B2 (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1989-02-27 | Honeycomb heater and exhaust gas purification device using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02223622A JPH02223622A (en) | 1990-09-06 |
| JP2997805B2 true JP2997805B2 (en) | 2000-01-11 |
Family
ID=12776217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4747789A Expired - Fee Related JP2997805B2 (en) | 1989-02-27 | 1989-02-27 | Honeycomb heater and exhaust gas purification device using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2997805B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04136412A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-05-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Heating device of honeycomb catalytic converter |
| JP2990797B2 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1999-12-13 | 株式会社デンソー | Honeycomb heater |
| US5146744A (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1992-09-15 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Electrically heatable catalytic converter insert |
| JPH0512621U (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-02-19 | カルソニツク株式会社 | Electric heating catalyst carrier |
| DE69227866T2 (en) * | 1991-08-26 | 1999-05-27 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | Catalytic combustion device and method |
| JPH06182224A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-07-05 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Self heat-generation type honeycomb filter |
| US5599509A (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1997-02-04 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Honeycomb body and catalyst converter having catalyst carrier configured of this honeycomb |
| DE19943846A1 (en) * | 1999-09-13 | 2001-03-15 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Device with heating element for exhaust gas cleaning |
| JP4074997B2 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2008-04-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device |
| RU2492911C1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Электроавтоматика" | Electrical cleaner of dielectric fluids and gases with cellular electrodes |
| JP2015148189A (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-20 | 株式会社クボタ | engine |
| JP6242705B2 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2017-12-06 | 株式会社クボタ | Spark ignition engine |
| JP6242706B2 (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2017-12-06 | 株式会社クボタ | Spark ignition engine |
| JP6599161B2 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2019-10-30 | 株式会社クボタ | Exhaust purification device |
-
1989
- 1989-02-27 JP JP4747789A patent/JP2997805B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02223622A (en) | 1990-09-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |