JP2994779B2 - Rotation transmission device - Google Patents

Rotation transmission device

Info

Publication number
JP2994779B2
JP2994779B2 JP6478891A JP6478891A JP2994779B2 JP 2994779 B2 JP2994779 B2 JP 2994779B2 JP 6478891 A JP6478891 A JP 6478891A JP 6478891 A JP6478891 A JP 6478891A JP 2994779 B2 JP2994779 B2 JP 2994779B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
output shaft
input member
rotation
shaft
gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP6478891A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH04300440A (en
Inventor
健一郎 伊藤
博海 野尻
健郎 安達
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP6478891A priority Critical patent/JP2994779B2/en
Priority to US07/834,955 priority patent/US5203232A/en
Priority to FR9201833A priority patent/FR2672949B1/en
Priority to KR1019920002386A priority patent/KR960015242B1/en
Priority to DE4204847A priority patent/DE4204847C2/en
Priority to GB9203447A priority patent/GB2252801B/en
Publication of JPH04300440A publication Critical patent/JPH04300440A/en
Priority to US07/997,749 priority patent/US5286239A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2994779B2 publication Critical patent/JP2994779B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/12Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/16Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion with freewheels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、回転伝達装置に関
し、例えば自動車のディファレンシャル等に利用でき
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotation transmitting device, and can be used, for example, for a differential of an automobile.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術及びその課題】自動車のディファレンシャ
ルは、車軸などの出力軸と連結した2個のサイドギヤを
対向配置し、その両サイドギヤに、プロペラシャフトに
つながる入力部材と連結したピニオンギヤを噛み合せた
構造で成っており、左右の車輪に速度差が生じた場合、
ピニオンギヤがサイドギヤの間で回転することにより、
各出力軸に各車輪の負荷に応じた駆動トルクを伝えるよ
うになっている。
2. Description of the Related Art A differential of an automobile has a structure in which two side gears connected to an output shaft such as an axle are arranged to face each other, and both side gears are meshed with a pinion gear connected to an input member connected to a propeller shaft. If there is a speed difference between the left and right wheels,
As the pinion gear rotates between the side gears,
Driving torque according to the load of each wheel is transmitted to each output shaft.

【0003】しかし、単にサイドギヤとピニオンギヤを
噛み合せたデフ構造では、一方の車輪が脱輪したり氷や
雪面上に乗り上げて急激に負荷が減少した場合、駆動ト
ルクが空転する無負荷の車輪だけに流れ、負荷が得られ
る車輪には全く伝わらない不具合が生じる。
However, in a differential structure in which a side gear and a pinion gear are simply meshed with each other, if one of the wheels slips off or rides on ice or snow and the load suddenly decreases, only the no-load wheels on which the driving torque runs idle. At the wheel where the load is obtained.

【0004】このような問題に対処するため、従来より
デフの差動機能を制限する装置が多く提案されている
が、その代表的なものとして、デフ内部にビスカスカッ
プリングを組込み、高粘性流体のせん断抵抗を利用して
負荷の加わる出力軸にも駆動トルクを伝えるようにした
ものと、デフ内部に組込んだ複数の摩擦板と弾性部材に
よりサイドギヤの動きを重くし、両出力軸に駆動トルク
を伝えるようにしたものが知られている。
In order to cope with such a problem, many devices for limiting the differential function of the differential have been conventionally proposed. As a typical example, a viscous coupling is incorporated in the differential to provide a high-viscosity fluid. Drive torque is also transmitted to the output shaft to which a load is applied by using the shear resistance of the gears, and multiple friction plates and elastic members incorporated inside the differential increase the movement of the side gear, driving both output shafts A device that transmits torque is known.

【0005】しかし、ビスカスカップリングを利用した
方法では、出力軸間の回転差が小さい場合、高粘性流体
のせん断抵抗が小さくなり、充分な駆動トルクが得られ
にくい欠点があり、また、低速回転時でせん断抵抗が大
きくなるようにしようとすると、低速でタイトコーナー
を旋回した際引きづりトルクが生じやすい欠点がある。
However, the method using the viscous coupling has a drawback that when the rotation difference between the output shafts is small, the shear resistance of the highly viscous fluid becomes small, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient driving torque. Attempts to increase the shear resistance at times sometimes have the disadvantage that drag torque tends to occur when turning at tight corners at low speeds.

【0006】一方、摩擦板を利用する方法では、デフ内
部の構造の複雑化と重量増大を引き起こす問題があると
共に、摩擦板が作動した状態でタイトコーナーを旋回す
ると、サイドギヤに加わる摩擦力によって引きづりトル
クが生じる欠点がある。
On the other hand, the method using a friction plate has a problem that the structure inside the differential becomes complicated and increases the weight. In addition, when turning around a tight corner in a state where the friction plate is operated, the frictional force applied to the side gear pulls. There is a drawback that shear torque occurs.

【0007】この発明は、上述した従来のディファレン
シャルがもつ課題を解決するためになされたもので、簡
単な構造で差動機能と差動を制限する機能(リミッテッ
ドスリップ機能)とを合わせもち、しかも出力軸間に生
じる速度差を引きづりトルクを生じさせずに吸収するこ
とができる回転伝達装置を提供することを目的としてい
る。
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional differential, and has a simple structure that combines a differential function and a function of limiting differential (limited slip function). It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotation transmission device that can absorb a speed difference generated between output shafts without dragging and generating torque.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記のような課題を解決
するため、この発明は、出力軸と連結する一対のサイド
ギヤを対向配置し、その両サイドギヤに入力部材と連結
するピニオンギヤを噛み合わせた回転伝達装置におい
て、上記一方のサイドギヤと出力軸を切離すと共に、そ
の出力軸と上記入力部材の間に、出力軸と上記入力部材
対向面にそれぞれ係合子の係合面を形成し、この両係
合面の間に回動可能に設けた保持器のポケットに、保持
器と出力軸の正逆何れかへの相対回転によって両係合面
に係合する係合子と、その係合子を両係合面と係合しな
い位置に保持する弾性部材とを設けた2方向クラッチを
組込み、この2方向クラッチの保持器及び出力軸と上記
サイドギヤとを、出力軸の同軸上に配置した中間軸を介
して回転力が伝達可能に連結し、かつ、その中間軸と出
力軸の連結部に回転方向すき間を設けた構成を採用した
ものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a pair of side gears connected to an output shaft are arranged to face each other, and a pinion gear connected to an input member is engaged with both side gears. In the rotation transmitting device, the one side gear and the output shaft are separated, and an output shaft and the input member are provided between the output shaft and the input member.
The engaging surfaces of the engaging elements are respectively formed on the opposing surfaces of the retainer, and the retainer and the output shaft are rotatably provided in a pocket of the retainer provided between the two engaging surfaces by the relative rotation of the retainer and the output shaft. A two-way clutch including an engagement element that engages with both engagement surfaces and an elastic member that holds the engagement element at a position that does not engage with both engagement surfaces is provided.
Embedded, a retainer and an output shaft and the side gears of the two-way clutch, the rotational force is linked to transmitted via the intermediate shaft disposed coaxially of the output shaft, and coupling of the intermediate shaft and the output shaft This configuration employs a configuration in which a gap is provided in the rotation direction.

【0009】[0009]

【作用】上記の構造においては、入力部材が回転する
と、サイドギヤを介して中間軸が回され、保持器が出力
軸に対して連結部のすき間の分だけ相対回転し、係合子
が係合面に係合する。このため、一方の出力軸は入力部
材により直接駆動され、他方の出力軸はピニオンギヤと
サイドギヤを介して駆動される。
In the above structure, when the input member is rotated, the intermediate shaft is rotated via the side gear, the retainer is relatively rotated with respect to the output shaft by the gap of the connecting portion, and the engaging element is engaged with the engaging surface. Engages. Therefore, one output shaft is directly driven by the input member, and the other output shaft is driven via the pinion gear and the side gear.

【0010】上記の状態で、中間軸と連結する一方の出
力軸の回転が入力部材の回転を上回ると、出力軸が係合
子に対してオーバーランニングし、出力軸と入力部材が
切離される。逆に、他方の出力軸の回転が入力部材の回
転を上回ると、その出力軸の動きにより回されるピニオ
ンギヤが、中間軸と連結するサイドギヤを逆方向に回転
させ、係合子の係合を切離す。このため、両出力軸には
ピニオンギヤとサイドギヤによる差動機能だけが作用す
る。
In the above state, if the rotation of one output shaft connected to the intermediate shaft exceeds the rotation of the input member, the output shaft overruns with respect to the engagement member, and the output shaft and the input member are separated. Conversely, when the rotation of the other output shaft exceeds the rotation of the input member, the pinion gear rotated by the movement of the output shaft rotates the side gear connected to the intermediate shaft in the opposite direction to disengage the engagement element. Let go. For this reason, only the differential function of the pinion gear and the side gear acts on both output shafts.

【0011】また、出力軸のうち一方が無負荷になる
と、ピニオンギヤで中間軸が回され、係合子が係合して
入力部材が直接一方の出力軸を駆動する。この場合、ピ
ニオンギヤとサイドギヤには負荷がかからない状態にあ
るため、入力部材とピニオンギヤ及びサイドギヤが共回
りし(デフロックの状態)、負荷がかかる出力軸にも駆
動トルクが伝わる。
When one of the output shafts is unloaded, the intermediate shaft is rotated by the pinion gear, the engaging element is engaged, and the input member directly drives one of the output shafts. In this case, since the load is not applied to the pinion gear and the side gear, the input member rotates together with the pinion gear and the side gear (diff lock state), and the driving torque is transmitted to the output shaft to which the load is applied.

【0012】[0012]

【実施例】図1乃至図4は、図5に示すような後輪Dを
駆動車輪とする自動車において、トランスミッションB
から出たプロペラシャフトCの駆動トルクを、後輪D、
Dの各車軸E、Eに伝達するためのリヤディファレンシ
ャルに適用した回転伝達装置Aの実施例を示したもので
ある。
1 to 4 show a transmission B having a rear wheel D as shown in FIG.
The driving torque of the propeller shaft C from the
1 shows an embodiment of a rotation transmission device A applied to a rear differential for transmitting to each axle E, E of D.

【0013】図1に示すように、この実施例では、自動
車に固定されるケース2の内部に、軸受3、3を介して
筒状の入力部材1を回転可能に支持し、その入力部材1
の外周中央部に、プロペラシャフトC先端のドライブピ
ニオン4と噛み合うリングギヤ5を一体に形成してい
る。
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a cylindrical input member 1 is rotatably supported inside a case 2 fixed to an automobile via bearings 3 and 3, and the input member 1
A ring gear 5 that meshes with the drive pinion 4 at the tip of the propeller shaft C is integrally formed at the center of the outer periphery.

【0014】入力部材1の内部孔1aには、固定ピン
6、7を介してスリーブ8と9をそれぞれ固定し、スリ
ーブ8の内周面間にかけ渡した支持軸10に、対向する
2個のピニオンギヤ11、11を回転可能に取付ける。
また、ピニオンギヤ11、11の左右両側に、対向して
2個のサイドギヤ12、13を配置し、その各サイドギ
ヤ12、13とピニオンギヤ11、11を噛み合せて、
ピニオンギヤがサイドギヤの回りに回動するように係合
させる。
Sleeves 8 and 9 are fixed to the internal hole 1a of the input member 1 via fixing pins 6 and 7, respectively, and two opposing support shafts 10 are extended between the inner peripheral surfaces of the sleeve 8. The pinion gears 11 are rotatably mounted.
In addition, two side gears 12 and 13 are disposed on both left and right sides of the pinion gears 11 and 11 to face each other, and the respective side gears 12 and 13 and the pinion gears 11 and 11 are engaged with each other.
The pinion gear is engaged so as to rotate around the side gear.

【0015】上記のサイドギヤのうち、左側のサイドギ
ヤ12には、圧入嵌合するスプライン14を介して左出
力軸15を一体に連結するが、右側のサイドギヤ13に
対しては右出力軸16を切離し、その切離した右出力軸
16を軸受17、17を介して入力部材1のスリーブ9
に回転自在に支持する。
Among the above side gears, a left output shaft 15 is integrally connected to a left side gear 12 via a spline 14 which is press-fitted, but a right output shaft 16 is separated from a right side gear 13. The separated right output shaft 16 is connected to the sleeve 9 of the input member 1 via the bearings 17, 17.
To be rotatably supported.

【0016】この右出力軸16の外径面と、それに対向
するスリーブ9の内径面には、図2に示すように、それ
ぞれ円筒形の係合面18、19を形成し、その係合面1
8、19間に、回動可能な大径の制御用保持器20と、
右出力軸16にピン止めする小径の固定保持器21とを
組込む。
As shown in FIG. 2, cylindrical outer surfaces 18 and 19 are formed on the outer surface of the right output shaft 16 and the inner surface of the sleeve 9 opposed thereto, respectively. 1
Between 8 and 19, a rotatable large-diameter control retainer 20,
A small-diameter fixed retainer 21 pinned to the right output shaft 16 is incorporated.

【0017】また、両保持器20、21の周面に、対向
して複数のポケット22、23を形成し、その各ポケッ
ト22、23内に、係合子としてのスプラグ24と、弾
性部材25を組込む。このスプラグ24は、図4に示す
ように外径側と内径側がスプラグ24の中央線上に曲率
中心をもつ弧状面26で形成されており、左右の正逆両
方向の何れかに所定角度傾くと、両係合面18、19に
係合して入力部材1と右出力軸16を一体化する。ま
た、弾性部材25は、制御用保持器20に取付け、各ス
プラグ24を両側から押圧して、通常時スプラグ24を
両係合面18、19に係合しない中立の状態に保持する
ように設定する。従って、両係合面18、19と両保持
器20、21、スプラグ24、弾性部材25及び後述す
るピン等によって、正逆回転の何れの方向にも係合する
2方向クラッチを構成している。
A plurality of pockets 22 and 23 are formed on the peripheral surfaces of both retainers 20 and 21 so as to face each other, and a sprag 24 as an engaging element and an elastic member 25 are provided in each of the pockets 22 and 23. Incorporate. The sprags 24, an outer diameter side and inner diameter side, as shown in FIG. 4 are formed in arcuate surface 26 having a center of curvature on the center line of the sprag 24, left and right forward and reverse both
When tilted by a predetermined angle in any of the directions, the input member 1 and the right output shaft 16 are integrated by engaging with both engagement surfaces 18 and 19. Further, the elastic member 25 is attached to the control retainer 20, and is set so as to press each sprag 24 from both sides to hold the sprag 24 in a neutral state in which the sprags 24 are not normally engaged with the engagement surfaces 18 and 19. I do. Therefore, both engagement surfaces 18, 19 and both holding surfaces
Vessels 20, 21, sprags 24, elastic members 25 and
Pin in any direction of forward and reverse rotation
This constitutes a two-way clutch.

【0018】一方、右出力軸16のサイドギヤ13と向
き合う端部に、軸線に沿った軸孔27を形成し、その軸
孔27に中間軸28を回転可能に挿入し、その中間軸2
8の一端に、圧入嵌合するスプライン29を介してサイ
ドギヤ13を一体に連結する。
On the other hand, at the end of the right output shaft 16 facing the side gear 13, a shaft hole 27 is formed along the axis, and an intermediate shaft 28 is rotatably inserted into the shaft hole 27, and the intermediate shaft 2.
The side gear 13 is integrally connected to one end of the gear 8 via a spline 29 which is press-fitted.

【0019】また、中間軸28の他端には、右出力軸1
6のピン孔30を挿通させたピン31を貫通させ、その
ピン31の両端部に制御用保持器20を連結する。
The right output shaft 1 is connected to the other end of the intermediate shaft 28.
The control pin 20 is connected to both ends of the pin 31 through which the pin hole 30 is inserted.

【0020】このピン31と保持器20及び右出力軸1
6は、図3に示すように、すき間なく一体で連結させる
が、ピン31とピン孔30との間には回転方向すき間3
2を設ける。その回転方向すき間32の大きさは、スプ
ラグ24が中立位置から弾性部材25を介して係合面1
8、19に接触するまでの距離よりも大きく設定する。
The pin 31, the cage 20, and the right output shaft 1
As shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 3, there is a gap between the pin 31 and the pin hole 30.
2 is provided. The size of the gap 32 in the rotation direction is such that the sprag 24 is moved from the neutral position via the elastic member 25 to the engagement surface 1.
The distance is set to be larger than the distance until the contact is made with 8, 19.

【0021】上記のような構造で成る回転伝達装置Aの
作用を、次に、自動車における種々の走行状態に対応さ
せて説明する。
Next, the operation of the rotation transmitting device A having the above-described structure will be described with reference to various running states of an automobile.

【0022】(a) 直進時 ドライブピニオン4により入力部材1が回されると、支
持軸10とピニオンギヤ11、11を介して左右のサイ
ドギヤ12、13が同一方向に回される。
(A) When the input member 1 is turned by the drive pinion 4, the left and right side gears 12 and 13 are turned in the same direction via the support shaft 10 and the pinion gears 11 and 11.

【0023】この場合、入力部材1の左側では、サイド
ギヤ12から直接左出力軸15に駆動トルクが伝わる
が、右側では、サイドギヤ13と共に中間軸28が回転
する。このため、図4に示すごとく、制御用保持器20
がピン31とピン孔30間の回転方向すき間32の分だ
け固定保持器21に対して回転し、スプラグ24が係合
面18、19に係合する。したがって、右出力軸16に
は入力部材1からスプラグ24を介して駆動トルクが伝
えられる。
In this case, on the left side of the input member 1, the driving torque is transmitted directly from the side gear 12 to the left output shaft 15, but on the right side, the intermediate shaft 28 rotates together with the side gear 13. For this reason, as shown in FIG.
Rotates with respect to the fixed retainer 21 by a gap 32 in the rotation direction between the pin 31 and the pin hole 30, and the sprag 24 is engaged with the engagement surfaces 18 and 19. Therefore, drive torque is transmitted to the right output shaft 16 from the input member 1 via the sprag 24.

【0024】このように直進状態では、入力部材1によ
り同時に左右の出力軸15、16が回転駆動され、駆動
トルクが各出力軸15、16に均等に配分されて伝えら
れる。
As described above, in the straight traveling state, the left and right output shafts 15 and 16 are simultaneously driven to rotate by the input member 1, and the driving torque is equally distributed and transmitted to the respective output shafts 15 and 16.

【0025】(b) 右旋回時 自動車が図5において右回りに旋回した場合、左右車輪
の旋回半径の違いにより、旋回の内側となる右出力軸1
6の回転は入力部材1の回転に対して遅れ、逆に旋回の
外側となる左出力軸15の回転は速くなる。
(B) Right turn When the vehicle turns clockwise in FIG. 5, the right output shaft 1 inside the turn is caused by the difference in turning radius between the left and right wheels.
The rotation of 6 is delayed with respect to the rotation of the input member 1, and conversely, the rotation of the left output shaft 15, which is outside the turn, becomes faster.

【0026】この状態では、左側サイドギヤ12が入力
部材1よりも早く回ろうとし、それに応じてピニオンギ
ヤ11、11が回転しはじめるが、このピニオンギヤの
回転は、右側のサイドギヤ13を左側のサイドギヤ12
に対して逆方向に回転させるように作用する。
In this state, the left side gear 12 tries to rotate faster than the input member 1, and the pinion gears 11 start to rotate accordingly.
To rotate in the opposite direction.

【0027】このため、図4の状態から制御用保持器2
0は入力部材1の回転方向に対して逆方向に回転し、ス
プラグ24の係合が外れ、入力部材1と右出力軸16は
切離される。これにより、右出力軸16には、ピニオン
ギヤ11、11から右側サイドギヤ13→中間軸28→
ピン31→右出力軸16の経路を介して駆動トルクが伝
えられる。
For this reason, from the state of FIG.
0 rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the input member 1, the sprag 24 is disengaged, and the input member 1 and the right output shaft 16 are separated. Thereby, the right output shaft 16 is connected to the right side gear 13 → the intermediate shaft 28 →
The driving torque is transmitted via a path from the pin 31 to the right output shaft 16.

【0028】このように左右の出力軸15、16には、
サイドギヤ12、13に対して回転するピニオンギヤ1
1、11を介して駆動トルクが伝わり、サイドギヤとピ
ニオンギヤによる差動機能によって両出力軸15、16
間に生じる回転差が吸収される。
As described above, the left and right output shafts 15 and 16 have
Pinion gear 1 that rotates with respect to side gears 12 and 13
Drive torque is transmitted through the output shafts 1 and 11 and both output shafts 15 and 16 are driven by the differential function of the side gears and the pinion gears.
The rotational difference occurring between the two is absorbed.

【0029】(c) 左回転時 左回りの旋回では、上記とは反対に、入力部材1に対し
て旋回内側となる左出力軸15の回転が遅く、旋回外側
となる右出力軸16の回転が速くなる。
(C) At the time of counterclockwise rotation In the counterclockwise rotation, contrary to the above, the rotation of the left output shaft 15 which is inside the turning with respect to the input member 1 is slow and the rotation of the right output shaft 16 which is outside the turning. Is faster.

【0030】この場合、入力部材1の左側では、ピニオ
ンギヤ11からサイドギヤ12を介して左出力軸15に
駆動トルクが伝わるが、右側では、右出力軸16が入力
部材1より速く回転するため、スプラグ24が係合面1
8、19に係合せず、入力部材1と右出力軸16は切離
された状態になる。このため、右出力軸16には、ピニ
オンギヤ11→右側サイドギヤ13→中間軸28→ピン
31の経路を介して駆動トルクが伝わる。
In this case, on the left side of the input member 1, the driving torque is transmitted from the pinion gear 11 to the left output shaft 15 via the side gear 12, but on the right side, the right output shaft 16 rotates faster than the input member 1. 24 is the engagement surface 1
The input member 1 and the right output shaft 16 are disconnected from each other without being engaged with 8, 19. For this reason, the driving torque is transmitted to the right output shaft 16 via the path of the pinion gear 11 → the right side gear 13 → the intermediate shaft 28 → the pin 31.

【0031】上記の(b)と(c)で述べたように、旋
回時においては、左右の出力軸15、16は入力部材1
と切離され、回転するピニオンギヤ11、11とサイド
ギヤ12、13を介して回転駆動される。このため、ピ
ニオンとサイドギヤによる差動機能だけが作用し、左右
の出力軸間の回転差が有効に吸収され、各車輪に加わる
負荷に応じた駆動トルクが分配されて各出力軸に伝えら
れる。
As described in (b) and (c) above, during turning, the left and right output shafts 15 and 16 are connected to the input member 1.
, And are rotationally driven via the rotating pinion gears 11 and 11 and the side gears 12 and 13. For this reason, only the differential function of the pinion and the side gear acts, the difference in rotation between the left and right output shafts is effectively absorbed, and the driving torque according to the load applied to each wheel is distributed and transmitted to each output shaft.

【0032】また、旋回中、スプラグ24が係合面1
8、19と係合せず、入力部材1と各出力軸15、16
は切離されるため、タイトコーナーを低速で旋回しても
引きづりトルクが発生しない。
Also, during turning, the sprags 24 are engaged with the engagement surface 1.
8 and 19, and the input member 1 and each output shaft 15, 16
Is cut off, so no drag torque is generated even when turning at tight corners at low speed.

【0033】(d) 左側車輪が無負荷になった時 左側車輪が脱輪して浮き上ったり氷や雪面等に乗上った
場合、左出力軸15には全く負荷が加わらず、右側車輪
につながる右出力軸16には負荷が加えられる状態にな
る。
(D) When no load is applied to the left wheel When the left wheel comes off and rises or climbs on an ice or snow surface, no load is applied to the left output shaft 15 at all. A load is applied to the right output shaft 16 connected to the right wheel.

【0034】この状態では、ドライブピニオン4により
入力部材1が回転されると、ピニオンギヤ11、11が
左右のサイドギヤ12、13を回そうとする。この場
合、右側サイドギヤ13によって中間軸28が回される
と、制御用保持器20と右出力軸16の相対回転によっ
てスプラグ24が係合する。これにより、右出力軸16
は、スプラグ24を介して直接入力部材1により駆動さ
れるが、このとき、ピニオンギヤ11、11とサイドギ
ヤ12、13は互いに負荷をかけ合わない状態にあるた
め、両者は回転を停止したまま入力部材1と共回りす
る。
In this state, when the input member 1 is rotated by the drive pinion 4, the pinion gears 11, 11 try to rotate the left and right side gears 12, 13. In this case, when the intermediate shaft 28 is rotated by the right side gear 13, the sprag 24 is engaged by the relative rotation between the control retainer 20 and the right output shaft 16. Thereby, the right output shaft 16
Are directly driven by the input member 1 via the sprags 24. At this time, since the pinion gears 11 and 11 and the side gears 12 and 13 do not apply a load to each other, the input members 1 Co-rotate with 1.

【0035】このため、左右の出力軸15、16は、デ
フロックが掛った状態となり、同一回転で回るため、駆
動可能な右出力軸16に駆動トルクが伝わり、自動車を
動かすことができる。
As a result, the left and right output shafts 15 and 16 are in a differential locked state and rotate at the same rotation, so that the driving torque is transmitted to the drivable right output shaft 16 and the vehicle can be moved.

【0036】(e) 右側車輪が無負荷になった時 この場合は、右出力軸16には全く負荷が加わらず、左
側車輪とつながる左出力軸15が駆動可能な状態にな
る。
(E) When no load is applied to the right wheel In this case, no load is applied to the right output shaft 16 and the left output shaft 15 connected to the left wheel can be driven.

【0037】この状態では、ドライブピニオン4により
入力部材1が回されると、その入力部材1の回転により
ピニオンギヤ11、11が左右のサイドギヤ12、13
を引きつれて回ろうとするが、左側のサイドギヤ12に
は、左側車輪を通して路面の抵抗が加わるため、その抵
抗によってピニオンギヤ11、11が回されようとす
る。
In this state, when the input member 1 is rotated by the drive pinion 4, the pinion gears 11, 11 are rotated by the rotation of the input member 1, so that the left and right side gears 12, 13 are rotated.
However, since the resistance of the road surface is applied to the left side gear 12 through the left wheel, the pinion gears 11 are likely to be rotated by the resistance.

【0038】このピニオンギヤの動きにより、右側のサ
イドギヤ13が前進方向に回転し、中間軸28が回され
てスプラグ24が係合面18、19に係合する。このた
め入力部材1により直接右出力軸16が回転駆動され
る。
Due to the movement of the pinion gear, the right side gear 13 rotates in the forward direction, the intermediate shaft 28 is turned, and the sprags 24 are engaged with the engagement surfaces 18 and 19. Therefore, the right output shaft 16 is directly driven to rotate by the input member 1.

【0039】このように入力部材1によって直接右出力
軸16が駆動されると、上記したようにデフロックが掛
った状態となり、両サイドギヤ12、13が入力部材1
と共回りする。このため、左出力軸15にも駆動トルク
が伝わり、左側車輪の駆動により自動車を動かすことが
できる。
When the right output shaft 16 is driven directly by the input member 1 as described above, the differential lock is engaged as described above, and the two side gears 12 and 13 are connected to the input member 1.
And go around. Therefore, the driving torque is also transmitted to the left output shaft 15, and the vehicle can be moved by driving the left wheels.

【0040】なお、上記の作用は入力部材1の一方向の
回転についてだけでなく、ドライブピニオン4の回転が
逆になると、制御用保持器20が逆方向に回動してスプ
ラグ24を係合面18、19の反対側の係合位置に移動
させるため、前進と後退の両方向において全く同様に行
なわれる。
The above operation is not limited to the rotation of the input member 1 in one direction, and when the rotation of the drive pinion 4 is reversed, the control holder 20 rotates in the reverse direction to engage the sprag 24. Exactly the same is done in both the forward and reverse directions to move to the engaged position opposite the surfaces 18,19.

【0041】図6及び図7は他の実施例を示している。
この例では、入力部材1のスリーブ9に向き合う右出力
軸40の周面を、角軸部41に形成し、その角軸部41
の外周に、スリーブ9の円筒状の係合面43に対してく
さび状のカム面となる複数の係合面42を形成してい
る。
FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment.
In this example, the peripheral surface of the right output shaft 40 facing the sleeve 9 of the input member 1 is formed in the square shaft portion 41 and the square shaft portion 41
A plurality of engaging surfaces 42 which are wedge-shaped cam surfaces with respect to the cylindrical engaging surface 43 of the sleeve 9 are formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 9.

【0042】また、係合面42と係合面43の間に、環
状の保持器44を回動可能に組込み、この保持器44に
設けたポケット45に、係合子としての一対のローラ4
6、47と、そのローラ46、47をポケット45の周
方向に対向する側面に押し付ける弾性部材48とを組込
んでいる。
An annular retainer 44 is rotatably incorporated between the engaging surface 42 and the engaging surface 43, and a pair of rollers 4 as an engaging element is inserted into a pocket 45 provided in the retainer 44.
6 and 47, and an elastic member 48 for pressing the rollers 46 and 47 against the circumferentially opposite side surfaces of the pocket 45 are incorporated.

【0043】上記の構造では、中間軸28が回転し、保
持器45が右出力軸40に対して正逆方向に回動する
と、両ローラ46、47を押して、ローラの一方を係合
面42、43に交互に係合させ、入力部材1と右出力軸
40を一体化する。
In the above-described structure, when the intermediate shaft 28 rotates and the retainer 45 rotates in the forward and reverse directions with respect to the right output shaft 40, both rollers 46 and 47 are pushed, and one of the rollers is engaged with the engaging surface 42. , 43 are alternately engaged, and the input member 1 and the right output shaft 40 are integrated.

【0044】他の構造や作用は、前述した実施例と同じ
であるため、同一部品には同一の符号を付して説明を省
略する。
Since other structures and operations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

【0045】[0045]

【0046】また、この発明の回転伝達装置は、前輪駆
動車の前輪車軸に連結するフロントディファレンシャル
や、4輪駆動車のディファレンシャルとして利用するこ
ともできる。
The rotation transmitting device of the present invention can be used as a front differential connected to a front wheel axle of a front wheel drive vehicle or as a differential of a four wheel drive vehicle.

【0047】[0047]

【効果】以上のように、この発明の回転伝達装置は、入
力部材と一方の出力軸の間に係合子と弾性部材を組込ん
だだけの構造をもち、出力軸間の回転に差がある場合は
出力軸を入力部材から切離して自由に回転させ、一方の
出力軸が無負荷になった場合は係合子が係合してデフロ
ック状態にするものであるので、極めて簡単な構造で差
動機能と差動制限機能を合わせもつことができ、駆動系
のコンパクト化を実現できる効果がある。
As described above, the rotation transmitting device according to the present invention has a structure in which the engagement member and the elastic member are merely incorporated between the input member and one output shaft, and there is a difference in rotation between the output shafts. In this case, the output shaft is separated from the input member and freely rotated, and when one of the output shafts is unloaded, the engaging element is engaged and the differential lock state is established. The function and the differential limiting function can be combined, and there is an effect that the drive system can be made compact.

【0048】また、係合子の機械的な係合を利用するの
で、出力軸間にわずかでも回転差が生じると入力部材と
力軸を切離すことができ、高粘性流体や摩擦板を利用
する構造のような引きづりトルクが生じず、円滑な差動
の動きと駆動トルクの伝達が行える利点があると共に、
2方向クラッチの採用により、正逆回転の何れの方向に
対しても差動の動きと駆動トルクの伝達が可能になる。
Also, since the mechanical engagement of the engaging element is used, even if a slight rotation difference occurs between the output shafts, the input member and the input member are not rotated.
Can disconnect the output shaft, with a high viscous fluid or Hikizuri torque like structure utilizing the friction plate does not occur, there is an advantage that allows the transmission of motion between the driving torque of the smooth differential,
Either forward or reverse rotation by adopting a two-way clutch
On the other hand, differential movement and transmission of drive torque are possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】実施例の一部縦断正面図FIG. 1 is a partially longitudinal front view of an embodiment.

【図2】図1のII−II線に沿った断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

【図3】図1のIII −III 線に沿った断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1;

【図4】同上の作用を示す断面図FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the operation of the above.

【図5】自動車への装着例を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of attachment to an automobile.

【図6】他の実施例の一部縦断正面図FIG. 6 is a partially longitudinal front view of another embodiment.

【図7】図6のVII −VII 線に沿った断面図FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6;

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 入力部材 11 ピニオンギヤ 12、13 サイドギヤ 15 左出力軸 16、40 右出力軸 18、19、42、43 係合面 20 制御用保持器 21 固定保持器 24 スプラグ 25 弾性部材 28 中間軸 31 ピン 32 回転方向すき間 44 保持器 46、47 ローラ 48 弾性部材 Reference Signs List 1 input member 11 pinion gear 12, 13 side gear 15 left output shaft 16, 40 right output shaft 18, 19, 42, 43 engagement surface 20 control retainer 21 fixed retainer 24 sprag 25 elastic member 28 intermediate shaft 31 pin 32 rotation Directional gap 44 Cage 46, 47 Roller 48 Elastic member

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 出力軸と連結する一対のサイドギヤを対
向配置し、その両サイドギヤに入力部材と連結するピニ
オンギヤを噛み合わせた回転伝達装置において、上記一
方のサイドギヤと出力軸を切離すと共に、その出力軸と
上記入力部材の間に、出力軸と上記入力部材の対向面に
それぞれ係合子の係合面を形成し、この両係合面の間に
回動可能に設けた保持器のポケットに、保持器と出力軸
の正逆何れかへの相対回転によって両係合面に係合する
係合子と、その係合子を両係合面と係合しない位置に保
持する弾性部材とを設けた2方向クラッチを組込み、
2方向クラッチの保持器及び出力軸と上記サイドギヤ
とを、出力軸の同軸上に配置した中間軸を介して回転力
が伝達可能に連結し、かつ、その中間軸と出力軸の連結
部に回転方向すき間を設けたことを特徴とする回転伝達
装置。
In a rotation transmitting device in which a pair of side gears connected to an output shaft are opposed to each other, and a pinion gear connected to an input member is engaged with both side gears, the one side gear and the output shaft are separated from each other. Between the output shaft and the input member, engaging surfaces of the engaging members are respectively formed on opposing surfaces of the output shaft and the input member, and the retainer is rotatably provided between the two engaging surfaces. , Cage and output shaft
Incorporating a two-way clutch provided with an engagement member that engages with both engagement surfaces by relative rotation in either the forward or reverse direction, and an elastic member that holds the engagement member at a position that does not engage with both engagement surfaces ; The retainer and output shaft of the two-way clutch and the side gear are connected to each other via an intermediate shaft disposed coaxially with the output shaft so that torque can be transmitted, and the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are connected to each other. A rotation transmitting device, wherein a gap in the rotation direction is provided in a connecting portion of a shaft.
JP6478891A 1991-02-18 1991-03-28 Rotation transmission device Expired - Fee Related JP2994779B2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6478891A JP2994779B2 (en) 1991-03-28 1991-03-28 Rotation transmission device
US07/834,955 US5203232A (en) 1991-02-18 1992-02-14 Rotation transmitting device
KR1019920002386A KR960015242B1 (en) 1991-02-18 1992-02-18 Rotation transmitting device having differently rotating output shafts
DE4204847A DE4204847C2 (en) 1991-02-18 1992-02-18 Gear arrangement
FR9201833A FR2672949B1 (en) 1991-02-18 1992-02-18 ROTATION MOTION TRANSMISSION DEVICE.
GB9203447A GB2252801B (en) 1991-02-18 1992-02-18 Rotation transmitting device
US07/997,749 US5286239A (en) 1991-02-18 1992-12-30 Rotation transmitting device having differently rotating output shafts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6478891A JP2994779B2 (en) 1991-03-28 1991-03-28 Rotation transmission device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04300440A JPH04300440A (en) 1992-10-23
JP2994779B2 true JP2994779B2 (en) 1999-12-27

Family

ID=13268325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6478891A Expired - Fee Related JP2994779B2 (en) 1991-02-18 1991-03-28 Rotation transmission device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2994779B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6146304A (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-11-14 Caterpillar Inc. Vehicle differential
GB2604910A (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-21 Motocaddy Ltd Electric golf trolley transmissions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04300440A (en) 1992-10-23

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