JP2573289Y2 - Steering axis joint device - Google Patents
Steering axis joint deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2573289Y2 JP2573289Y2 JP1991020026U JP2002691U JP2573289Y2 JP 2573289 Y2 JP2573289 Y2 JP 2573289Y2 JP 1991020026 U JP1991020026 U JP 1991020026U JP 2002691 U JP2002691 U JP 2002691U JP 2573289 Y2 JP2573289 Y2 JP 2573289Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sphere
- shaft
- drive shaft
- steered shaft
- steered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この考案は、車両の駆動軸に前輪
を連結する***舵軸をジョイントするためのジョイント
装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joint device for joining a steered shaft connecting a front wheel to a drive shaft of a vehicle.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及びその課題】４輪駆動車の前輪のジョイ
ントには、必要な前輪の操舵が行なえるように、トラン
スファーより分岐した駆動軸に、前輪と連結する***舵
軸が大角度で揺動可能となるように連結し、かつ、どの
角度の揺動状態においても***舵軸に十分な回転力を伝
達できる機能が求められる。2. Description of the Related Art In a front wheel joint of a four-wheel drive vehicle, a steered shaft connected to a front wheel swings at a large angle to a drive shaft branched from a transfer so that necessary front wheel steering can be performed. It is required to have a function of movably connected and capable of transmitting a sufficient rotational force to the steered shaft in any swing state at any angle.
【０００３】ところが、従来から揺動する回転軸間の連
結に用いられているクロス継手等のユニバーサルジョイ
ントは、１回転中の等速が得られないために、***舵軸
に生じる回転ムラにより、走行中の前輪にスリップや激
しい振動を引き起こす不具合がある。[0003] However, a universal joint such as a cross joint conventionally used for coupling between swinging rotating shafts cannot obtain a constant speed during one rotation, and therefore, due to rotation unevenness that occurs on a steered shaft, there is a problem. There is a problem that causes a slip or severe vibration on the front wheels during running.
【０００４】また、４輪が連結した状態で車両がタイト
コーナーを旋回すると、前後輪間の旋回半径の差により
速く回ろうとする前輪がスリップし、あたかもブレーキ
をかけたような現象が発生する。このブレーキング現象
をなくすため、従来は車両の駆動系に、前後輪のデフと
は別にビスカスカップリングや多板クラッチ等を利用し
たセンターデフを設け、このセンターデフにより前輪と
駆動軸との間に生じる回転差を吸収する構造をとってい
るが、このようなセンターデフは、駆動系の構造を複雑
化すると共に、重量増を引き起こすという欠点がある。When the vehicle turns on a tight corner in a state where the four wheels are connected, a front wheel that tries to turn quickly slips due to a difference in turning radius between the front and rear wheels, and a phenomenon occurs as if a brake was applied. Conventionally, in order to eliminate this braking phenomenon, a center differential using a viscous coupling or a multi-plate clutch is provided separately from the front and rear wheels in the drive system of the vehicle. However, such a center differential has the drawback that the structure of the drive system is complicated and the weight is increased.
【０００５】この考案は、上記の課題に鑑みてなされた
もので、駆動軸から***舵軸に対して等速の回転力を伝
達することができ、しかも旋回時に駆動軸と***舵軸と
の間に生じる回転差を簡単な構造で有効に吸収すること
ができるジョイント装置を提供しようとするものであ
る。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problem, and is capable of transmitting a constant rotational force from a drive shaft to a steered shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a joint device that can effectively absorb a rotation difference generated during a simple structure.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
め、この考案は、***舵軸の端部に球体を、駆動軸の端
部にその球体が嵌合する嵌合孔を、それぞれ球体及び嵌
合孔の中心と各軸の軸線を一致させて設け、その球体と
嵌合孔の内周面の間に、球体に対して***舵軸の揺動方
向にすべり接触すると共に球体と駆動軸の相対回転によ
ってその両者を係合する係合子と、その係合子を係合作
動位置に保持する保持部材とを組込んだ構造としたので
ある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a method in which a spherical body is provided at an end of a steered shaft, and a fitting hole into which the spherical body is fitted is provided at an end of a drive shaft. The center of the fitting hole and the axis of each axis are provided so as to coincide with each other, and between the sphere and the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole, the sliding contact is made with the sphere in the swinging direction of the steered shaft, and the sphere is driven. The structure incorporates an engaging element that engages the two by the relative rotation of the shaft, and a holding member that holds the engaging element at the engagement operating position.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記の構造においては、駆動軸と***舵軸が同
一軸線上にある場合に相対回転すると、係合子が両者を
一体化し、１：１の比で動力の伝達が起り回転力が***
舵軸に伝えられる。In the above structure, the drive shaft and the steered shaft are the same.
When they rotate relative to each other when they are on one axis , the engaging element integrates the two , power is transmitted at a ratio of 1: 1 and the rotational force is transmitted to the steered shaft.
【０００８】また、***舵軸が駆動軸に対して揺動する
と、係合子とすべり接触した状態で球体が回転し、駆動
軸に対して***舵軸が所定の傾き角をとる。駆動軸に対
して***舵軸が傾くと、係合子と球体の係合位置が球体
の先端側に移動するため、その係合位置から***舵軸の
軸線までの距離は、上記係合位置から駆動軸の軸線まで
の距離よりも小さくなる。このため、駆動軸の回転は傾
き角に応じた比率で増速されて***舵軸に伝えられる。Further, when the steering shaft is swung with respect to the drive shaft, the sphere is rotated in contact sliding with the engaging element, the drive
The steered shaft has a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the shaft. When the steered shaft is tilted with respect to the drive shaft, the engagement position between the engagement element and the sphere moves toward the tip of the sphere, so that the distance from the engagement position to the axis of the steered shaft is different from the engagement position. I distance up to the axis of the drive shaft remote becomes smaller. Therefore, the rotation of the drive shaft is accelerated at a rate corresponding to the tilt angle and transmitted to the steered shaft.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、この考案の実施例を、図３ａ、ｂに示
すような前輪Ｃ、Ｃを常時駆動車輪とする４輪駆動車に
おいて、トランスファーＢから分岐した駆動軸３、３
と、前輪Ｃ、Ｃに連結する***舵軸１、１との間にジョ
イント装置Ａ、Ａを装着した例に基づいて説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b.
A description will be given based on an example in which the joint devices A, A are mounted between the steering wheels 1, 1 connected to the front wheels C, C.
【００１０】図１ａは、上記の装着例におけるジョイン
ト装置の主要断面図、図２は、図１ａのII−II線に沿っ
た拡大断面図を示しており、***舵軸１の端部には、被
操舵軸の軸線と中心を一致させた球体２が一体に形成さ
れる。FIG. 1A is a main cross-sectional view of the joint device in the above mounting example, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. 1A. The sphere 2 whose center is aligned with the axis of the steered shaft is integrally formed.
【００１１】また、駆動軸３の端部には、円筒形の支持
部４が形成され、その支持部４の内側に、球体２が軸方
向に嵌合する嵌合孔５が形成される。この嵌合孔５は、
中心線が駆動軸３の軸線に一致させて形成され、その内
部に圧入固定されたカムリング６の内径面に、複数のカ
ム面７が形成される。A cylindrical support 4 is formed at the end of the drive shaft 3, and a fitting hole 5 into which the sphere 2 is fitted in the axial direction is formed inside the support 4. This fitting hole 5 is
A plurality of cam surfaces 7 are formed on the inner diameter surface of the cam ring 6 which is formed so that the center line coincides with the axis of the drive shaft 3 and is press-fitted and fixed therein.
【００１２】このカム面７は、周方向の両側部が球体２
の表面に対してくさび形空間を形成しており、その各カ
ム面７と球体２との間に、係合子としての一対のローラ
８、８と、各ローラを付勢するばね９と、各ローラを保
持する保持器１０が組込まれる。The cam surface 7 has a spherical body 2 on both sides in the circumferential direction.
A wedge-shaped space is formed with respect to the surface of the sphere, and between each cam surface 7 and the spherical body 2, a pair of rollers 8, 8 as an engaging element, a spring 9 for urging each roller, A retainer 10 for holding the roller is incorporated.
【００１３】上記ローラ８、８は、駆動軸３の軸線に平
行に沿うように組込まれ、球体２の表面に対して上記軸
線方向にはすべり接触するが、球体２とカムリング６が
周方向に相対回転すると、ローラ８、８の一方が交互に
カム面７と球体２に係合して、駆動軸３と***舵軸１を
一体化する。The rollers 8, 8 are assembled so as to extend parallel to the axis of the drive shaft 3, and make sliding contact with the surface of the sphere 2 in the axial direction, but the sphere 2 and the cam ring 6 extend in the circumferential direction. When the rollers rotate relative to each other, one of the rollers 8, 8 alternately engages the cam surface 7 and the sphere 2, thereby integrating the drive shaft 3 and the steered shaft 1.
【００１４】また、ばね９は、ローラ８、８をそれぞれ
保持器１０のポケット１１の周方向に対向する側面に押
圧して、カム面７と接触する係合作動位置に保持してお
り、このばね９と保持器１０によりローラの保持部材を
構成する。Further, the spring 9 presses the rollers 8, 8 against the circumferentially opposed side surfaces of the pocket 11 of the retainer 10, and holds the rollers 8, 8 in the engagement operation position in contact with the cam surface 7. The spring 9 and the retainer 10 constitute a roller holding member.
【００１５】また、嵌合孔５の開口部と球体２との間
に、防水と球体の固定を兼ねるシールカバー１２が装着
される。A seal cover 12 is provided between the opening of the fitting hole 5 and the sphere 2 for both waterproofing and fixing the sphere.
【００１６】上記の構造で成る実施例のジョイント装置
Ａでは、車両の直進時は図１ａの状態となり、駆動軸３
が正転、逆転のいずれかの方向に回転すると、ローラ
８、８が係合して球体２とカムリング６を一体化する。
このため、駆動軸３の回転は、遅れなく同速度で***舵
軸１に伝わり、前輪を駆動する。In the joint device A of the embodiment having the above structure, when the vehicle is traveling straight, the state is as shown in FIG.
When the roller rotates in one of the forward and reverse directions, the rollers 8 engage to integrate the sphere 2 and the cam ring 6.
Therefore, the rotation of the drive shaft 3 is transmitted to the steered shaft 1 at the same speed without delay, and drives the front wheels.
【００１７】一方、タイトコーナーを旋回するため***
舵軸１を操舵すると、図１ｂに示すように***舵軸１が
駆動軸３に対して角度をとるが、この場合、球体２がロ
ーラ８、８とすべり接触して操舵角度まで揺動し、その
揺動状態でローラ８、８を介して球体２と支持部４が係
合される。On the other hand, when the steered shaft 1 is steered to make a turn at a tight corner, the steered shaft 1 takes an angle with respect to the drive shaft 3 as shown in FIG. 1B. 8 and swings to the steering angle, and in the swinging state, the sphere 2 and the support 4 are engaged via the rollers 8 and 8.
Are combined .
【００１８】この状態では、ローラ８、８によって駆動
軸３から***舵軸１へ回転方向に遊びがない状態で回転
力が伝達されるため、駆動軸３の回転は回転ムラのない
等速回転で***舵軸１に伝達される。In this state, since the rotational force is transmitted by the rollers 8, 8 from the drive shaft 3 to the steered shaft 1 without play in the rotational direction, the rotation of the drive shaft 3 is performed at a constant speed without uneven rotation. Is transmitted to the steered shaft 1.
【００１９】また、球体２とローラ８との係合位置１３
が図１ａに示す直進状態に比べて球体２の先端側に移動
し、その係合位置１３から***舵軸１の軸線まで距離ｂ
（この距離ｂは***舵軸１の角度の大きさにより変化
し、角度が０度のときはａに等しくなる。）が、係合位
置１３から駆動軸３の軸線までの距離ａに比べて小さく
なる。このため、ω1 ×ａ＝ω2 ×ｂ（ここで、ω1 は
駆動軸の角速度、ω2 は***舵軸の角速度）の関係か
ら、駆動軸３の回転に対してａ／ｂの比率の分だけ***
舵軸１が増速回転される。上記のような増速作用が生じ
ることは、球体２が駆動軸３に対してすべり接触状態で
回転力を伝えることを意味する。 The engagement position 13 between the ball 2 and the roller 8
Moves toward the tip end of the sphere 2 as compared with the straight traveling state shown in FIG. 1A, and the distance b from the engagement position 13 to the axis of the steered shaft 1
(This distance b changes depending on the magnitude of the angle of the steered shaft 1.
However, when the angle is 0 degrees, it becomes equal to a. ) Is smaller than that in the distance a from the engaging position 13 to the axis of the drive shaft 3. Therefore, from the relationship of ω 1 × a = ω 2 × b (where ω 1 is the angular velocity of the drive shaft and ω 2 is the angular velocity of the steered shaft), the ratio of a / b to the rotation of the drive shaft 3 , The steered shaft 1 is rotated at an increased speed. The speed increase effect described above occurs
That the sphere 2 is in sliding contact with the drive shaft 3
It means transmitting torque.
【００２０】このように、上記の構造では、***舵軸１
が駆動軸３に対して折れ曲ると、駆動軸３の回転が自動
的に増速されて***舵軸１に伝わり、しかもその増速の
度合は、***舵軸１の折れ曲り角度が大きくなるほど大
きくなる。これは、車両の旋回角度が急角度になるほど
***舵軸１と駆動軸３の間の回転差が大きくなる特性に
合致するものであり、これにより、タイトコーナー旋回
中でもブレーキング現象を生じることなく前輪に適切な
回転力を与えることができ、スムーズな走行を行なうこ
とができる。As described above, in the above structure, the steered shaft 1
Is bent with respect to the drive shaft 3, the rotation of the drive shaft 3 is automatically increased and transmitted to the steered shaft 1, and the degree of the increase is such that the bend angle of the steered shaft 1 is large. It gets bigger. This is consistent with the characteristic that as the turning angle of the vehicle becomes steeper, the rotation difference between the steered shaft 1 and the drive shaft 3 becomes larger, thereby preventing the occurrence of a braking phenomenon even during tight corner turning. Appropriate torque can be applied to the front wheels, and smooth running can be performed.
【００２１】図４及び図５は係合子としてスプラグを用
いた他の実施例を示す。この例では、駆動軸２０に設け
た嵌合孔２１の内径面を円筒面２２に形成し、その円筒
面２２と***舵軸２３の球体２４との間に、互いに逆方
向の回転で係合する一対のスプラグ２５、２６の複数組
と、この一対のスプラグ間に予圧されて嵌合する複数の
弾性ローラ２７と、各対のスプラグの間に挿入してスプ
ラグの傾きを制限する複数の弾性体小ローラ２８とを組
込んでいる。FIGS. 4 and 5 show another embodiment in which sprags are used as engaging elements. In this example, the inner diameter surface of the fitting hole 21 provided in the drive shaft 20 is formed in a cylindrical surface 22, and the cylindrical surface 22 and the sphere 24 of the steered shaft 23 are engaged with each other by rotation in opposite directions. A plurality of pairs of sprags 25 and 26, a plurality of elastic rollers 27 which are fitted between the pair of sprags by being pre-pressed, and a plurality of elastic rollers which are inserted between each pair of sprags to limit the inclination of the sprags. A small roller 28 is incorporated.
【００２２】上記の構造においては、ローラ２７とロー
ラ２８がスプラグ２５、２６を係合作動位置に保持する
保持部材として機能し、駆動軸３が正逆方向に回転する
と、一対のスプラグ２５、２６が交互に円筒面２２と球
体２４の表面の間に係合し、駆動軸２０と***舵軸２３
を一体化する。この場合も、***舵軸２３が駆動軸に対
して角度をとると、前述の実施例と同様に増速作用が生
じる。 In the above structure, the rollers 27 and 28 function as holding members for holding the sprags 25 and 26 in the engagement operation position, and when the drive shaft 3 rotates in the forward and reverse directions, the pair of sprags 25 and 26 Alternately engage between the cylindrical surface 22 and the surface of the sphere 24 to form the drive shaft 20 and the steered shaft 23.
Are integrated. Also in this case, the steered shaft 23 is opposed to the drive shaft.
When the angle is taken, the speed increasing effect is generated as in the above-described embodiment.
I will.
【００２３】また、図６は、上述した図４と図５の構造
において、スプラグ２５、２６の球体４と接触する面
を、球体に沿う曲面２９とした実施例を示しており、こ
のように球体とスプラグとの係合面積を大きくすること
により、伝達できる許容トルクを増大させることができ
る。FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the surfaces of the sprags 25 and 26 in contact with the sphere 4 are curved surfaces 29 along the sphere in the structure of FIGS. 4 and 5 described above. By increasing the engagement area between the sphere and the sprag, the allowable torque that can be transmitted can be increased.
【００２４】なお、駆動軸と***舵軸を係合させる係合
子は、上述した例の他に、嵌合孔に形成した各カム面と
１対１で係合するローラとする構造や、正逆両方向の回
転で係合する２方向スプラグを用いることもできる。The engaging element for engaging the drive shaft and the steered shaft may be a roller having a one-to-one engagement with each cam surface formed in the fitting hole, in addition to the above-described example. It is also possible to use a two-way sprag which engages by rotation in opposite directions.
【００２５】[0025]
【効果】以上のように、この考案のジョイント装置は、
球体と嵌合孔の間で係合子を機械的に係合させて駆動軸
と***舵軸を連結するので、駆動軸の回転を遊びを伴う
ことなく等速で***舵軸に伝達でき、また、***舵軸が
駆動軸に対して傾くと、両者の回転半径が変化して自動
的に***舵軸を増速回転させることができる。[Effect] As described above, the joint device of the present invention is:
Since the drive shaft and the steered shaft are connected by mechanically engaging the engagement element between the sphere and the fitting hole, the rotation of the drive shaft can be transmitted to the steered shaft at a constant speed without play, and When the steered shaft is inclined with respect to the drive shaft, the radius of rotation of the two changes and the steered shaft can be automatically rotated at an increased speed.
【００２６】したがって、このジョイント装置は、駆動
軸と***舵軸の間の等速ジョイントと、タイトコーナー
のブレーキング現象を吸収するセンターデフの役割を合
わせもつことができ、極めて簡単な構造でフルタイム、
直結型の４輪駆動を実現できる。Therefore, this joint device can combine the role of a constant velocity joint between the drive shaft and the steered shaft with the function of a center differential that absorbs the braking phenomenon of tight corners. time,
A direct connection type four-wheel drive can be realized.
【図１】ａは実施例の一部縦断正面図、ｂはその作動状
態を示す一部縦断正面図FIG. 1A is a partial vertical front view of an embodiment, and FIG.
【図２】図１ａのII−II線に沿った断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1a.
【図３】ａはジョイント装置の装着例を示す車両の模式
図、ｂは装着部分を拡大して示す一部縦断正面図3A is a schematic view of a vehicle showing an example of mounting the joint device, and FIG. 3B is a partially longitudinal front view showing an enlarged mounting portion.
【図４】他の実施例の一部縦断正面図FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal front view of another embodiment.
【図５】図４のＶ−Ｖ線に沿った断面図FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4;
【図６】その他の実施例の一部縦断正面図FIG. 6 is a partially longitudinal front view of another embodiment.
１、２３ ***舵軸 ２、２４ 球体 ３、２０ 駆動軸 ５、２１ 嵌合孔 ７ カム面 ８ ローラ ９ ばね １０ 保持器 ２５、２６ スプラグ ２７ 弾性体ローラ ２８ 弾性体小ローラ 1,23 Steered shaft 2,24 Spherical body 3,20 Drive shaft 5,21 Fitting hole 7 Cam surface 8 Roller 9 Spring 10 Cage 25,26 Sprag 27 Elastic roller 28 Elastic small roller
Claims (1)
に揺動する***舵軸を連結する***舵軸のジョイント装
置において、***舵軸の端部に球体を、駆動軸の端部に
その球体が嵌合する嵌合孔を、それぞれ球体及び嵌合孔
の中心と各軸の軸線を一致させて設け、その球体と嵌合
孔の内周面の間に、球体に対して***舵軸の揺動方向に
すべり接触すると共に球体と駆動軸の相対回転によって
その両者を係合する係合子と、その係合子を係合作動位
置に保持する保持部材とを組込んだことを特徴とする被
操舵軸のジョイント装置。1. A steered shaft joint device for connecting a steered shaft that swings about the end to a drive shaft end of a vehicle, wherein a sphere is provided at an end of the steered shaft, At the end, a fitting hole into which the sphere is fitted is provided so that the axis of each axis coincides with the center of the sphere and the fitting hole, and between the sphere and the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole, And an engaging element for slidingly contacting in the swinging direction of the steered shaft and engaging the sphere and the drive shaft by the relative rotation thereof, and a holding member for holding the engaging element in the engaging operation position. A joint device for a steered shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991020026U JP2573289Y2 (en) | 1991-03-29 | 1991-03-29 | Steering axis joint device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991020026U JP2573289Y2 (en) | 1991-03-29 | 1991-03-29 | Steering axis joint device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04115926U JPH04115926U (en) | 1992-10-15 |
| JP2573289Y2 true JP2573289Y2 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
Family
ID=31906175
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991020026U Expired - Fee Related JP2573289Y2 (en) | 1991-03-29 | 1991-03-29 | Steering axis joint device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2573289Y2 (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-03-29 JP JP1991020026U patent/JP2573289Y2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04115926U (en) | 1992-10-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |