JP2987467B2 - Exhaust gas purification apparatus and air-fuel ratio control method thereof - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification apparatus and air-fuel ratio control method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JP2987467B2 JP2987467B2 JP3062781A JP6278191A JP2987467B2 JP 2987467 B2 JP2987467 B2 JP 2987467B2 JP 3062781 A JP3062781 A JP 3062781A JP 6278191 A JP6278191 A JP 6278191A JP 2987467 B2 JP2987467 B2 JP 2987467B2
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- Prior art keywords
- oxygen sensor
- air
- fuel ratio
- way catalyst
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
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- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、空燃比を調整する調整
装置と内燃機関の排気側に三元触媒を備えた排ガス浄化
装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adjusting device for adjusting an air-fuel ratio and an exhaust gas purifying device provided with a three-way catalyst on the exhaust side of an internal combustion engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、酸素センサを具備し内燃機関
の空燃比を制御する制御装置が提案されている（特開昭
５４−５７０２９号等）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed a control device having an oxygen sensor for controlling an air-fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-57029).
【０００３】この制御装置は、特にガソリンやブタン、
プロパンを燃料にする内燃機関に利用されており、排ガ
ス中の有害成分である、窒素酸化物（ＮＯｘ）や一酸化
炭素（ＣＯ）及び未燃の炭化水素（ＨＣ）を効率的に浄
化するものである。[0003] This control device is particularly applicable to gasoline, butane,
It is used in internal combustion engines that use propane as fuel, and efficiently purifies harmful components in exhaust gas, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). It is.
【０００４】図４にその浄化性能を模式的に示したグラ
フである。FIG. 4 is a graph schematically showing the purification performance.
【０００５】図４の点線、鎖線及び一点鎖線は、内燃機
関の三元触媒を通過した排ガス中のガス濃度である。そ
れぞれ鎖線がＮＯ、点線がＣＯ、一点鎖線がＨＣの濃度
を示している。これらのガス濃度値（ｐｐｍ）は、左側
の縦軸に示されている。なお、グラフの横軸はλ（実際
の空燃比／理論燃焼空燃比）を示している。図４から明
らかなように、λが１．００付近の値に近づいた時、有
害成分のＮＯ、ＣＯ及びＨＣのガス濃度は低くなり、有
害成分が一番効率よく除去されていることがわかる。こ
のλ＝１．００付近の領域を三元触媒の最適浄化領域と
いう。[0005] The dotted line, chain line and dashed line in FIG. 4 indicate the gas concentrations in the exhaust gas that have passed through the three-way catalyst of the internal combustion engine. The dashed line indicates the concentration of NO, the dotted line indicates the concentration of CO, and the dashed line indicates the concentration of HC. These gas concentration values (ppm) are shown on the left vertical axis. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates λ (actual air-fuel ratio / stoichiometric air-fuel ratio). As is clear from FIG. 4, when λ approaches a value near 1.00, the gas concentrations of the harmful components NO, CO and HC become low, and it is understood that the harmful components are most efficiently removed. . The region around λ = 1.00 is called the three-way catalyst optimal purification region.
【０００６】また、図４の実線はその排ガス中におかれ
た酸素センサの出力値である。この酸素センサは、通常
ジルコニアを固定電解質として用いた起電力型のもので
ある。この酸素センサの特徴は、λが１．００付近で出
力が大きく変化し、λ＝１．０を検出できる。そのた
め、この酸素センサの制御点を図４のＡ点に設定し、空
燃比をフィードバック制御すれば三元触媒を効率よく働
かせることができる。The solid line in FIG. 4 shows the output value of the oxygen sensor in the exhaust gas. This oxygen sensor is of an electromotive force type using zirconia as a fixed electrolyte. The feature of this oxygen sensor is that the output greatly changes when λ is around 1.00, and λ = 1.0 can be detected. Therefore, if the control point of the oxygen sensor is set to the point A in FIG. 4 and the air-fuel ratio is feedback-controlled, the three-way catalyst can work efficiently.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】現状のガソリン機関に
用いられる排ガス浄化装置を、そのままの構造でメタン
を主成分とした燃料を用いる内燃機関において使用し、
また、メタン高活性（メタンを酸化しやすい性質）な三
元触媒を用いた場合には下記のようになる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An exhaust gas purifying apparatus used in a current gasoline engine is used as it is in an internal combustion engine using a fuel containing methane as a main component.
Further, when a three-way catalyst having high methane activity (property for easily oxidizing methane) is used, the following results are obtained.
【０００８】三元触媒のメタン活性が高い時には、図４
に示すのと同様に、メタンを主成分とする燃料の内燃機
関においても、ガソリン機関とほぼ同じような浄化特性
を得ることができる。When the methane activity of the three-way catalyst is high, FIG.
As shown in the above, even in an internal combustion engine using methane as a main component, it is possible to obtain almost the same purification characteristics as a gasoline engine.
【０００９】ところが、三元触媒の酸化活性成分である
Ｐｔは早くシンタリングをひきおこし、このため、三元
触媒はメタン活性が低下しやすい。[0009] However, Pt, which is an oxidation active component of the three-way catalyst, causes sintering quickly, so that the methane activity of the three-way catalyst tends to decrease.
【００１０】したがって、メタン活性の低下した三元触
媒を用いて上記と同じシステムを作動させた場合には、
図５のような浄化特性を示す。すなわち、三元触媒の最
適浄化領域が、酸素センサの有効に空燃比を制御できる
範囲よりもずれてしまう。そのため、酸素センサに最初
に設定した図４のＡ点の設定電圧のままでは、ＮＯｘを
浄化できず、充分な性能が得られない。Therefore, when the same system is operated using a three-way catalyst having reduced methane activity,
It shows the purification characteristics as shown in FIG. That is, the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst deviates from the range where the air-fuel ratio of the oxygen sensor can be effectively controlled. Therefore, if the voltage set at the point A in FIG. 4 initially set in the oxygen sensor remains unchanged, NOx cannot be purified, and sufficient performance cannot be obtained.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の目的】そこで本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、三
元触媒の最適浄化領域がずれても、うまく空燃比制御を
行える排ガス浄化装置及びその空燃比制御方法を提供す
るものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus and an air-fuel ratio controlling method capable of controlling the air-fuel ratio well even if the optimum purifying region of the three-way catalyst deviates.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の請求項１の排ガ
ス浄化装置は、空燃比を調整する調整装置と内燃機関の
排気側に三元触媒を備えた排ガス浄化装置において、三
元触媒の前流側と内燃機関の排気側との間に第１酸素セ
ンサを設け、三元触媒の後流側にメタン不活性またはメ
タン低活性の第２酸素センサを設け、第１酸素センサと
第２酸素センサからの出力信号により調整装置を制御す
る制御装置とを設けたものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising: an adjusting device for adjusting an air-fuel ratio; and an exhaust gas purifying device having a three-way catalyst on the exhaust side of an internal combustion engine. A first oxygen sensor is provided between the upstream side and the exhaust side of the internal combustion engine, and a methane inert or methane low active second oxygen sensor is provided downstream of the three-way catalyst. A control device for controlling the adjusting device based on an output signal from the oxygen sensor.
【００１３】本発明の請求項２の空燃比制御方法は、第
２酸素センサによって三元触媒の最適浄化領域を検出
し、第１酸素センサの空燃比の制御点をこの検出した最
適浄化領域内に移動させ、この移動した空燃比の制御点
で制御装置が調整装置を制御することにより空燃比制御
を行なうものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air-fuel ratio control method, wherein an optimum purification region of a three-way catalyst is detected by a second oxygen sensor, and a control point of the air-fuel ratio of the first oxygen sensor is detected within the detected optimal purification region. And the control device controls the adjusting device at the control point of the moved air-fuel ratio to perform the air-fuel ratio control.
【００１４】[0014]
【作 用】請求項１の排ガス浄化装置であると、第２酸
素センサは、メタン不活性またはメタン低活性の性質が
あるため、常に三元触媒の最適浄化領域と一致した出力
信号を出力する。そのため、この出力値により劣化した
三元触媒の最適浄化領域を検出し、第２酸素センサの空
燃比の制御点をこの検出した最適浄化領域内に移動させ
ると、常に三元触媒の最適浄化領域における空燃比制御
を、制御装置によって行うことができる。According to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the first aspect, since the second oxygen sensor has the property of methane inertness or methane low activity, it always outputs an output signal that coincides with the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst. . Therefore, if the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst degraded by the output value is detected and the control point of the air-fuel ratio of the second oxygen sensor is moved into the detected optimal purification region, the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst is always obtained. Can be performed by the control device.
【００１５】請求項２の空燃比制御方法であると、第２
酸素センサによって三元触媒の最適浄化領域を検出し、
第１センサの空燃比の制御点をこの検出した最適浄化領
域内に移動させ、この移動した空燃比の制御点で制御装
置が調整装置を制御することにより、常に三元触媒の最
適浄化領域内での空燃比制御を行うことができる。According to the air-fuel ratio control method of the second aspect, the second method
An oxygen sensor detects the optimal purification area of the three-way catalyst,
The control point of the air-fuel ratio of the first sensor is moved into the detected optimum purification region, and the control device controls the adjusting device at the moved control point of the air-fuel ratio. , The air-fuel ratio control can be performed.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説
明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】図１は本実施例の空燃比制御システム１０
のブロック図である。FIG. 1 shows an air-fuel ratio control system 10 according to this embodiment.
It is a block diagram of.
【００１８】符号１２は、燃料供給管である。この燃料
供給管１２から都市ガス１３Ａが供給され、空気供給管
１４から空気が供給される。Reference numeral 12 denotes a fuel supply pipe. City gas 13A is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 12, and air is supplied from the air supply pipe 14.
【００１９】符号１６はスロットルである。Reference numeral 16 denotes a throttle.
【００２０】符号１８はバイパス弁であって、このバイ
パス弁１８はモジュールモータによって動作する。Reference numeral 18 denotes a bypass valve, which is operated by a module motor.
【００２１】符号２０は、ガスエンジンである。Reference numeral 20 denotes a gas engine.
【００２２】符号２２は、ガスエンジンの排気側に設け
られた三元触媒である。Reference numeral 22 denotes a three-way catalyst provided on the exhaust side of the gas engine.
【００２３】符号２４は、ガスエンジン２０の排気側と
三元触媒の前流側との間に設けられた第１酸素センサで
ある。Reference numeral 24 denotes a first oxygen sensor provided between the exhaust side of the gas engine 20 and the upstream side of the three-way catalyst.
【００２４】符号２６は、三元触媒の後流側に設けられ
た第２酸素センサである。この第２酸素センサ２６は、
メタン不活性もしくはメタン低活性型酸素センサであ
る。このようなメタン不活性もしくはメタン低活性型酸
素センサとしては、例えば、特開平２−２４５４９号に
開示されたペロブスカイト型複合酸化物を用いた酸素セ
ンサがあげられる。この第２酸素センサ２６の急変点
は、メタン不活性特性により、メタン活性が落ちた三元
触媒２２であっても、その最適浄化領域と常にほぼ一致
する。Reference numeral 26 denotes a second oxygen sensor provided on the downstream side of the three-way catalyst. This second oxygen sensor 26
It is a methane inert or low methane oxygen sensor. An example of such a methane-inactive or methane-low-active oxygen sensor is an oxygen sensor using a perovskite-type composite oxide disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 24549/1990. The sudden change point of the second oxygen sensor 26 almost always coincides with the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst 22 having reduced methane activity due to the methane inerting characteristic.
【００２５】符号２８は、第１酸素センサ２４及び第２
酸素センサ２６からの出力電圧に応じて、バイパス弁１
８のモジュールモータを動作させる制御装置である。Reference numeral 28 denotes the first oxygen sensor 24 and the second oxygen sensor 24.
According to the output voltage from the oxygen sensor 26, the bypass valve 1
8 is a control device for operating the module motor of FIG.
【００２６】次に上記構成の空燃比制御システム１０に
おける動作状態を説明する。Next, an operation state of the air-fuel ratio control system 10 having the above configuration will be described.
【００２７】図２のグラフは、メタン活性の低下した三
元触媒２２の排ガス中の各ガス濃度と、第１酸素センサ
２４及び第２酸素センサ２６の特性を示している。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the concentration of each gas in the exhaust gas of the three-way catalyst 22 having reduced methane activity and the characteristics of the first oxygen sensor 24 and the second oxygen sensor 26.
【００２８】上記構成の空燃比制御システム１０である
と、第２酸素センサ２６の急変点と三元触媒２２の最適
浄化領域と常に一致しているため、この第２酸素センサ
２６の急変点を制御装置２８が検出する。In the air-fuel ratio control system 10 having the above configuration, since the sudden change point of the second oxygen sensor 26 always coincides with the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst 22, the sudden change point of the second oxygen sensor 26 is determined. The control device 28 detects.
【００２９】制御装置２８は第１酸素センサ２４の空燃
比の制御点（制御電圧）を第２酸素センサ２６の急変点
に合せる。図２においては、制御電圧をＡ点からＢ点に
移動させる。これにより、三元触媒２２の劣化した状態
の最適浄化領域に合せることができる。The controller 28 adjusts the control point (control voltage) of the air-fuel ratio of the first oxygen sensor 24 to the sudden change point of the second oxygen sensor 26. In FIG. 2, the control voltage is moved from point A to point B. Thus, the three-way catalyst 22 can be adjusted to the optimal purification region in a deteriorated state.
【００３０】すなわち、第２酸素センサ２６を利用する
際には、第２酸素センサ２６の出力電圧がある一定値を
超えたか、もしくは超えないかでリーン側かリッチ側か
を判断する。そして、この第２酸素センサ２６を利用す
ることにより、測定した排ガスがリーン側かリッチ側か
を判断し、第１酸素センサ２４の空燃比の制御点を、三
元触媒の最適浄化領域に追従させることができる。That is, when using the second oxygen sensor 26, it is determined whether the output voltage of the second oxygen sensor 26 has exceeded a certain value or not, and whether the output voltage is lean or rich. Then, by using the second oxygen sensor 26, it is determined whether the measured exhaust gas is lean or rich, and the control point of the air-fuel ratio of the first oxygen sensor 24 follows the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst. Can be done.
【００３１】これにより、三元触媒２２の劣化状態にか
かわらず長期的に安定な浄化性能を得ることができる。As a result, a long-term stable purification performance can be obtained regardless of the state of deterioration of the three-way catalyst 22.
【００３２】なお、上記実施例では、第２酸素センサ２
６として、ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物を用いた酸素セ
ンサを用いたが、これに代えて、ジルコニア酸素センサ
を使用することができる。このジルコニア酸素センサを
使用する場合には、排ガスの煙道の温度の低い位置に配
し、酸素センサに備えつけられたヒータをもって温度制
御することにより実現できる。In the above embodiment, the second oxygen sensor 2
Although an oxygen sensor using a perovskite-type composite oxide was used as 6, a zirconia oxygen sensor can be used instead. When this zirconia oxygen sensor is used, it can be realized by arranging it at a position where the temperature of the flue gas of the exhaust gas is low and controlling the temperature with a heater provided in the oxygen sensor.
【００３３】図３のジルコニア酸素センサのメタン酸化
活性−温度特性のグラフに示されるようになっている。
すなわち、ジルコニア酸素センサは、温度が３００℃を
超えると、メタン酸化活性がほぼ１００％近くになる
が、温度を２５０℃程度に保つと、そのメタン酸化活性
を低下する。これにより、ジルコニア酸素センサであっ
ても２５０℃程度の位置に取付けるとメタン不活性型酸
素センサが実現することができる。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the methane oxidation activity-temperature characteristics of the zirconia oxygen sensor.
That is, in the zirconia oxygen sensor, when the temperature exceeds 300 ° C., the methane oxidation activity becomes almost 100%, but when the temperature is maintained at about 250 ° C., the methane oxidation activity decreases. Thus, even if a zirconia oxygen sensor is mounted at a position of about 250 ° C., a methane inactive oxygen sensor can be realized.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】上記により、本発明の排ガス浄化装置及
びその空燃比制御方法であると、三元触媒の初期的なメ
タン活性の低下による最適浄化領域の移動の際に、この
移動と共に、第１酸素センサの空燃比制御点が移動でき
るため、常に最適な空燃比制御を行うことができる。As described above, according to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus and the air-fuel ratio control method of the present invention, when the three-way catalyst moves in the optimum purifying region due to the initial decrease in the methane activity, this movement and the Since the air-fuel ratio control point of one oxygen sensor can move, optimal air-fuel ratio control can always be performed.
【図１】本実施例の空燃比制御システムのブロック図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an air-fuel ratio control system according to an embodiment.
【図２】第１酸素センサ、第２酸素センサの出力電圧及
びガス濃度との関係を示したグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between output voltages and gas concentrations of a first oxygen sensor and a second oxygen sensor.
【図３】ジルコニア酸素センサのメタン酸化活性の状態
を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a state of methane oxidation activity of a zirconia oxygen sensor.
【図４】従来の空燃比制御システムにおける酸素センサ
の出力電圧及びガス濃度との関係を示したグラフであ
る。FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between an output voltage of an oxygen sensor and a gas concentration in a conventional air-fuel ratio control system.
【図５】従来の空燃比制御システムにおいて、三元触媒
のメタン活性が低下し、三元触媒の最適浄化領域がづれ
た状態を示すグラフである。FIG. 5 is a graph showing a state in which the methane activity of the three-way catalyst has decreased in the conventional air-fuel ratio control system, and the optimum purification region of the three-way catalyst has been shifted.
１０……空燃比制御システム １２……燃料供給管 １４……空気供給管 １６……スロットル １８……バイパス弁 ２０……ガスエンジン ２２……三元触媒 ２４……第１酸素センサ ２６……第２酸素センサ ２８……制御装置 10 air fuel ratio control system 12 fuel supply pipe 14 air supply pipe 16 throttle 18 bypass valve 20 gas engine 22 three-way catalyst 24 first oxygen sensor 26 first 2 Oxygen sensor 28 Control device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 内田 睦 大阪市中央区平野町四丁目１番２号 大 阪瓦斯株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平３−74557（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−74549（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−118708（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−8856（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−8855（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−8854（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) F02D 41/14 310 F02D 41/02 330 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mutsumi Uchida 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi Inside Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-3-74557 (JP, A) JP-A JP-A-3-74549 (JP, A) JP-A-4-118708 (JP, A) JP-A-4-8856 (JP, A) JP-A-4-8855 (JP, A) JP-A-4-8854 (JP) , A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) F02D 41/14 310 F02D 41/02 330
Claims (2)
気側に三元触媒を備えた排ガス浄化装置において、 三元触媒の前流側と内燃機関の排気側との間に第１酸素
センサを設け、 三元触媒の後流側にメタン不活性またはメタン低活性の
第２酸素センサを設け、 第１酸素センサと第２酸素センサからの出力信号により
調整装置を制御する制御装置とを設けた排ガス浄化装
置。An exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising an adjusting device for adjusting an air-fuel ratio and a three-way catalyst on an exhaust side of an internal combustion engine, wherein a first oxygen is provided between a upstream side of the three-way catalyst and an exhaust side of the internal combustion engine. A sensor is provided, a methane-inactive or methane-low-active second oxygen sensor is provided on the downstream side of the three-way catalyst, and a control device that controls the adjusting device based on output signals from the first oxygen sensor and the second oxygen sensor is provided. Exhaust gas purification equipment installed.
化領域を検出し、 第１酸素センサの空燃比の制御点をこの検出した最適浄
化領域内に移動させ、 この移動した空燃比の制御点で制御装置が調整装置を制
御することにより空燃比制御を行なう請求項１記載の排
ガス浄化装置における空燃比制御方法。2. An optimum purifying region of the three-way catalyst is detected by a second oxygen sensor, and a control point of an air-fuel ratio of the first oxygen sensor is moved into the detected optimum purifying region. 2. The air-fuel ratio control method for an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls the air-fuel ratio by controlling the adjusting device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3062781A JP2987467B2 (en) | 1991-03-27 | 1991-03-27 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus and air-fuel ratio control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3062781A JP2987467B2 (en) | 1991-03-27 | 1991-03-27 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus and air-fuel ratio control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04298659A JPH04298659A (en) | 1992-10-22 |
| JP2987467B2 true JP2987467B2 (en) | 1999-12-06 |
Family
ID=13210248
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3062781A Expired - Lifetime JP2987467B2 (en) | 1991-03-27 | 1991-03-27 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus and air-fuel ratio control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2987467B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2901027B2 (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1999-06-02 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Air-fuel ratio control method for gas engine |
| JP3009228B2 (en) * | 1995-02-15 | 2000-02-14 | 株式会社 日立製作所 | Exhaust gas purification method and apparatus for natural gas engine |
-
1991
- 1991-03-27 JP JP3062781A patent/JP2987467B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04298659A (en) | 1992-10-22 |
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