JP2906479B2 - Composite fiber roving - Google Patents
Composite fiber rovingInfo
- Publication number
- JP2906479B2 JP2906479B2 JP25667889A JP25667889A JP2906479B2 JP 2906479 B2 JP2906479 B2 JP 2906479B2 JP 25667889 A JP25667889 A JP 25667889A JP 25667889 A JP25667889 A JP 25667889A JP 2906479 B2 JP2906479 B2 JP 2906479B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composite
- reinforcing fiber
- single yarn
- roving
- thermoplastic resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は熱可塑性樹脂をマトリックスとするコンポジ
ット用材料に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composite material using a thermoplastic resin as a matrix.
（従来の技術） 熱可塑性樹脂を補強繊維に含浸したプリプレグが市販
されているが、これは剛くていわゆる曲面へのテープレ
イイングが困難である。このプリプレグを用いて、織物
や組物を作ることは困難である。また熱可塑性樹脂を繊
維状にしたり粉体にして補強繊維と混合させたフレキシ
ブルな材料も開発されているが、混合で不均一が生じや
すく、マトリックスと補強繊維とを均一に含浸し、ボイ
ドのない成形品を確実に得るには含浸、成形工程におい
てあるレベル以上の圧力と時間を要するのでそれだけ工
程コストが高くなるという欠点がある。(Prior art) A prepreg in which a reinforcing fiber is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin is commercially available, but it is hard and difficult to tape lay on a so-called curved surface. It is difficult to make a fabric or a braid using this prepreg. In addition, flexible materials have been developed in which the thermoplastic resin is made into a fibrous form or powdered and mixed with reinforcing fibers.However, non-uniformity is likely to occur in the mixing, and the matrix and the reinforcing fibers are impregnated evenly and voids are formed. In order to surely obtain a molded article without any impregnation, a certain level of pressure and time are required in the impregnation and molding steps, so that there is a drawback in that the process cost increases accordingly.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） テープレイイングや製織等のテキスタイル加工に十分
なフレキシビリティーを有し、しかも成形時の含浸が極
めて容易に速やかに、且つ確実に達成しうる熱可塑性コ
ンポジット材を実現しようとするものである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) A thermoplastic composite material which has sufficient flexibility for textile processing such as tape laying and weaving, and which can achieve impregnation at the time of molding very easily, quickly and reliably. It is intended to realize.
（課題を解決するための手段） 熱可塑性樹脂を補強繊維に含浸した従来のプリプレグ
は、多数本の補強繊維が１つの連続した熱可塑性樹脂マ
トリクス中に存在する為に剛直となり、フレキシビリテ
ィーが発現しないと考えられる。そこで、少数本の補強
繊維が１つの連続した熱可塑性樹脂マトリクス中に存在
する複合単糸を複数本束ね、複合繊維ロービングとする
ことにより、つまり、従来のプレプレグを分割した構造
とすることにより、単糸間のずれが可能となり、フレキ
シビリティーが発現すると考えられる。しかしながら、
分割構造とすることで、各複合単糸間に空気が存在し得
るため、この複合単糸の集合体である複合繊維ロービン
グを用いて成形された成形体にボイドが生成する可能性
が高くなる。以上の考察から、テキスタイル加工に必要
なフレキシビリティーを発現させ、かつ得られる成形体
にボイドが生成し難くする為に、鋭意検討を行った結
果、以下に示す円柱の曲げ剛性（EI）の式より導かれる
特定の式に、補強繊維の伸長弾性率と断面等価直径の値
を入れ導き出される値よりも少ない本数の補強繊維を、
１つの熱可塑性樹脂マトリクスに含有させることで、本
目的を達成できることが判明し、本発明に至った。(Means for Solving the Problems) A conventional prepreg in which a reinforcing fiber is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin becomes rigid because a large number of reinforcing fibers are present in one continuous thermoplastic resin matrix, and flexibility is increased. Not expected to be expressed. Therefore, by bundling a plurality of composite single yarns in which a small number of reinforcing fibers are present in one continuous thermoplastic resin matrix and forming a composite fiber roving, that is, by dividing the conventional prepreg into a structure, It is considered that the displacement between the single yarns becomes possible, and flexibility is developed. However,
Since the split structure allows air to exist between each of the composite single yarns, the possibility of generating voids in the molded product formed using the composite fiber roving which is an aggregate of the composite single yarns is increased. . From the above considerations, as a result of intensive studies to develop the flexibility necessary for textile processing and to make it difficult for voids to be formed in the obtained molded body, the bending rigidity (EI) of the cylinder shown below was determined. In the specific formula derived from the formula, the value of the elastic modulus of elasticity of the reinforcing fiber and the value of the cross-sectional equivalent diameter, the number of reinforcing fibers less than the derived value,
It has been found that this object can be achieved by including the same in one thermoplastic resin matrix, and the present invention has been achieved.
EI＝πED4/64 （上記式で、Ｅは円柱材料の伸長弾性率で、Ｄは円柱の
直径） 本発明は、平均ｍ本以下の補強繊維単糸が、熱可塑性
樹脂で実質的に含浸被覆された複合単糸からなる複合繊
維ロービングであり、該ロービング中の複合単糸のｍ値
の金が下記（Ａ）式を満足することを特徴とする複合繊
維ロービングである。EI = πED 4/64 (in the above formulas, E is in a stretched elastic modulus of the cylinder material, D is a cylinder of diameter) present invention, the reinforcing fiber single yarn follows an average m present is substantially impregnated with the thermoplastic resin A conjugate fiber roving comprising a coated conjugate single yarn, wherein the gold of m value of the conjugate single yarn in the roving satisfies the following formula (A).
E:補強繊維の伸長弾性率でGPa表示での数値 D:補強繊維の断面等価直径でμｍ表示での数値 即ち、フレキシビリティを保持するため、あるレベル
以下の曲げ剛さの複合繊維単糸からなり、成形時の含浸
が極めて容易に、且つ確実に達成できるよう、個々の複
合繊維単糸では、補強繊維の各単糸が実質的に熱可塑性
樹脂マトリックスで含浸被覆されているのである。 E: Elongation modulus of reinforcing fiber in GPa display D: Equivalent cross-sectional diameter of reinforcing fiber in μm display In other words, in order to maintain flexibility, from composite fiber single yarn with bending stiffness below a certain level That is, in order to achieve the impregnation at the time of molding extremely easily and reliably, in each individual composite fiber single yarn, each single yarn of the reinforcing fiber is substantially impregnated and coated with a thermoplastic resin matrix.
本発明の補強繊維とは、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、パラ
型アラミド繊維、超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維等が挙げ
られるが、特にこれらに限定されるわけではない。中で
も炭素繊維の場合、単糸が微細なため一般に成形時のマ
トリックスの未含浸部分が生成しやすいが、本発明では
成形時でのかかる欠点の発生が容易に押さえうるので特
に有効である。The reinforcing fibers of the present invention include, but are not particularly limited to, carbon fibers, glass fibers, para-type aramid fibers, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and the like. Above all, in the case of carbon fibers, since the single yarn is fine, an unimpregnated portion of the matrix is generally easily formed at the time of molding, but the present invention is particularly effective because the occurrence of such defects at the time of molding can be easily suppressed.
熱可塑性樹脂としては、ナイロン６、ナイロン66、ポ
リエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレー
ト、ポリカーボネート、ポリプロピレン、ポリエーテル
イミド、ポリフェニレンスルフイド、ポリエーテルエー
テルケトン等が挙げられるが、特にこれらに限定される
わけではない。本発明では、ｍ＝１の形で複合単糸を成
形するのが理想的であり、この場合、最も高度なフレキ
シビリティと複合単糸中の最も完全度の高い含浸被覆が
実現する。次善の策として平均のｍが（Ａ）式の範囲内
にあるとき必要レベルのフレキシビリティが確保できる
が、より好ましくは である。Examples of the thermoplastic resin include nylon 6, nylon 66, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyetherimide, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetheretherketone, but are not particularly limited thereto. Absent. In the present invention, it is ideal to mold the composite single yarn in the form of m = 1, in which case the highest degree of flexibility and the most complete impregnated coating in the composite single yarn are realized. As a second best measure, the required level of flexibility can be ensured when the average m is within the range of the expression (A), but more preferably It is.
なお、（１）式における等価直径とは、補強繊維の単
糸の断面積をＳとした場合、 で求められるものである。Note that the equivalent diameter in the equation (1) means that the sectional area of a single yarn of the reinforcing fiber is S, It is required in.
本発明の複合繊維ロービングを効率的に得るための方
法の典型例を以下に述べる。A typical example of a method for efficiently obtaining the composite fiber roving of the present invention will be described below.
補強繊維ロービングをテープ状にできるだけ幅広くな
るよう拡展する。この場合、望ましくは補強繊維単糸が
一つ一つ分離した状態にまでもっていく。このように拡
展するための最も有力な方法は、水中で水流の拡展力を
有効に利用することである。この場合、補強繊維ロービ
ングは、過度の集束剤がつけられていないか、水中で容
易に溶解する水溶性集束剤がつけられていることが望ま
しい。また補強繊維ロービングは加撚されていないこと
が望ましい。こうして拡展された補強繊維ロービング
は、必要に応じてプライマー処理を施された後、一定周
速で回転するコーティングロール上に導かれる。コーテ
ィングロール上には、熱可塑性樹脂の薄膜が形成されて
おり、その膜層中を補強繊維が一定速度で通過する。The reinforcing fiber rovings are spread out in a tape shape as wide as possible. In this case, the reinforcing fiber single yarn is desirably brought into a separated state one by one. The most influential method for expanding in this way is to make effective use of the expanding force of the water stream in water. In this case, it is desirable that the reinforcing fiber roving is not provided with an excessive sizing agent or is provided with a water-soluble sizing agent which is easily dissolved in water. Further, it is desirable that the reinforcing fiber roving is not twisted. The reinforcing fiber rovings thus expanded are subjected to a primer treatment as needed, and then guided on a coating roll rotating at a constant peripheral speed. A thin film of a thermoplastic resin is formed on the coating roll, and reinforcing fibers pass through the film layer at a constant speed.
この場合、ｍの値が（１）式の範囲内にあるように単
糸間の距離を取って複数以上の複合単糸が形成するよう
にする。In this case, the distance between the single yarns is set so that the value of m is within the range of the expression (1) so that a plurality of composite single yarns are formed.
複合単糸において、その横断面をみた場合、熱可塑性
樹脂の含浸被覆断面の面積が平均値として複合単糸の全
断面積の15〜85％であることが通常必要である。85％以
上であれば、成形後コンポジットとして十分な力学特性
が得られない。一方15％未満の場合、成形後のコンポジ
ット中のマトリックス成分が不足し、ボイドがどうして
も残るので力学物性が15％の場合より低下する。When the cross section of the composite single yarn is viewed, it is generally necessary that the area of the cross section of the impregnated and coated thermoplastic resin is 15 to 85% of the total cross-sectional area of the composite single yarn as an average value. If it is 85% or more, sufficient mechanical properties as a composite after molding cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it is less than 15%, the matrix component in the composite after molding becomes insufficient, and voids are inevitably left, so that the mechanical properties are lower than in the case of 15%.
含浸は完全に行われていることが好ましいが、不完全
な含浸で複合単糸内にボイドを含有する場合を必ずしも
排除するものではない。Although the impregnation is preferably performed completely, it does not necessarily exclude the case where the impregnated impregnation contains voids in the composite single yarn.
面積比をコントロールする手段としては、コーティン
グローラ周速ｖ、薄膜の厚みＴ、補強繊維の通過速度Ｖ
とした時、vT/Vのパラメータを変えることによって有効
に実施しうる。ただし一般にＴの値は補強繊維単糸の直
径Ｄより大きく取る必要がある。本発明のロービング
は、そのままフィラメントワインディング、引き抜き成
形、ロール成形等の成形に供することができる。また製
織、ブレーディングや多軸積層布製作等のテキスタイル
加工に供することができる。こうして得られた布帛状品
は、多くの場合圧縮成形によって含浸成形が実施され
る。たとえば一軸的な織物を作ってこれをテープレイイ
ングした後、オートクレーブ成形してもよい。また本発
明のロービングは、一定長にカットしつつ吹きつけてプ
リフォームを作り、圧縮成形してもよい。また本発明の
ロービングより一旦シートを形成し、これを圧縮成形し
てもよい。また本発明のロービングをロール成形によっ
て高速でロッド状のものを作り、これを一定長づつ切断
し射出成形等に供してもよい。Means for controlling the area ratio include a coating roller peripheral speed v, a thin film thickness T, and a reinforcing fiber passing speed V.
Then, it can be implemented effectively by changing the parameter of vT / V. However, in general, the value of T needs to be larger than the diameter D of the reinforcing fiber single yarn. The roving of the present invention can be directly used for forming such as filament winding, drawing, and roll forming. It can also be used for textile processing such as weaving, braiding, and production of multiaxial laminated cloth. In many cases, the cloth-like article thus obtained is subjected to impregnation molding by compression molding. For example, a uniaxial woven fabric may be formed and tape laid, followed by autoclave molding. Further, the roving of the present invention may be cut into a predetermined length and sprayed to form a preform, which may be compression molded. Alternatively, a sheet may be formed once from the roving of the present invention, and this may be compression molded. Further, the roving of the present invention may be made into a rod-shaped one at a high speed by roll molding, cut into a predetermined length, and then subjected to injection molding or the like.
（発明の効果） 本発明ロービングではテープレイイングや製織等のテ
キスタイル加工に十分なフレキシビリティを保持しつ
つ、成形時の含浸が極めて容易に速やかに且つ確実に達
成することが可能である。したがってそれだけ成形コス
トをさげることができる。一般に無機系の補強繊維では
折れやすく毛羽が発生しやすく、テキスタイル加工等も
低速で行う必要があるが、本発明ロービングは熱可塑性
樹脂で被覆されているのでテキスタイル加工性にも優れ
ている。また折損で発生する補強繊維の空中飛散も防止
できるので作業環境も良好である。(Effects of the Invention) In the roving of the present invention, impregnation at the time of molding can be achieved very easily, quickly and reliably while maintaining sufficient flexibility for textile processing such as tape laying and weaving. Therefore, the molding cost can be reduced accordingly. In general, inorganic reinforcing fibers are liable to break and fluff easily, and it is necessary to carry out textile processing at a low speed. However, the roving of the present invention is excellent in textile workability since it is coated with a thermoplastic resin. In addition, it is possible to prevent the reinforcing fibers from being scattered in the air due to breakage, so that the working environment is good.
（実施例） 以下、実施例によって本発明を説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
ハーキュレス社製AS−４の3Kのノーサイズド糸を水中
の拡流機中に導いて約45mm幅にまで拡展し、その幅を保
ちつつ乾燥し、連続的に約10μ厚のポリエーテルエーテ
ルケトン薄膜を形成した回転ロール上に導き被覆含浸し
た。こうして平均のｍ値が6.8である複合単糸からなる
複合繊維ロービングが得られた。約10本の25cm長の複合
単糸の断面積と重量を実測し、これから求まるボイド率
は1.8％であた。また複合単糸内の熱可塑性樹脂の含浸
被覆断面の面積の複合単糸の全断面積に対する割合いは
平均値で31.3％であった。A 3K unsized yarn of Hercules AS-4 is introduced into an underwater current spreader, expanded to a width of about 45 mm, dried while maintaining that width, and continuously thinned to a thickness of about 10μ polyetheretherketone. The coating was impregnated and guided on a rotating roll formed. Thus, a composite fiber roving comprising a composite single yarn having an average m value of 6.8 was obtained. The cross-sectional area and weight of about 10 25 cm long composite single yarns were measured, and the void fraction determined from this was 1.8%. The average ratio of the area of the cross-section of the thermoplastic resin impregnated coating in the composite single yarn to the total cross-sectional area of the composite single yarn was 31.3%.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B29B 1/16 C08J 5/04 - 5/10 C08J 5/24 D02G 3/00 - 3/36 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) B29B 1/16 C08J 5/04-5/10 C08J 5/24 D02G 3/00-3/36
Claims (1)
浸被覆された複合単糸の複数本よりなる複合繊維ロービ
ングであり、該複合単糸中の補強繊維単糸本数（ｍ）の
平均値が下記（Ａ）式を満足することを特徴とする複合
繊維ロービング。 E:補強繊維の伸長弾性率でGPa表示での数値 D:補強繊維の断面等価直径でμ表示での数値1. A composite fiber roving comprising a plurality of composite single yarns in which a reinforcing fiber single yarn is substantially impregnated and coated with a thermoplastic resin, wherein the number of reinforcing fiber single yarns (m) in the composite single yarn is A composite fiber roving having an average value satisfying the following formula (A). E: Elongation modulus of reinforcing fiber in numerical value in GPa D: Equivalent sectional diameter of reinforcing fiber in numerical value in μ
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25667889A JP2906479B2 (en) | 1989-09-30 | 1989-09-30 | Composite fiber roving |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25667889A JP2906479B2 (en) | 1989-09-30 | 1989-09-30 | Composite fiber roving |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03119034A JPH03119034A (en) | 1991-05-21 |
| JP2906479B2 true JP2906479B2 (en) | 1999-06-21 |
Family
ID=17295950
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25667889A Expired - Fee Related JP2906479B2 (en) | 1989-09-30 | 1989-09-30 | Composite fiber roving |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2906479B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3333464B2 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2002-10-15 | 旭ファイバーグラス株式会社 | Thermoplastic resin composite glass fiber base material and method for producing the same |
| KR102499103B1 (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-02-10 | 김덕영 | Number Calculating method of roving for fiber reinforeced bar |
-
1989
- 1989-09-30 JP JP25667889A patent/JP2906479B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03119034A (en) | 1991-05-21 |
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