JP2819648B2 - Coated cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools - Google Patents
Coated cemented carbide for wear-resistant toolsInfo
- Publication number
- JP2819648B2 JP2819648B2 JP1219895A JP21989589A JP2819648B2 JP 2819648 B2 JP2819648 B2 JP 2819648B2 JP 1219895 A JP1219895 A JP 1219895A JP 21989589 A JP21989589 A JP 21989589A JP 2819648 B2 JP2819648 B2 JP 2819648B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cemented carbide
- wear
- layer
- coated
- toughness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 「産業上の利用分野」 この発明は被覆超硬合金、例えばパンチ，ヘッダー等
の冷間鍛造用工具，打抜用工具，あるいは温熱鍛造用の
ソリッド工具等のように耐摩耗性と靱性を兼ね備える必
要のある工具に使用するための耐摩工具用被覆超硬合金
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial application field" The present invention relates to a coated hard metal, for example, a tool for cold forging such as a punch or a header, a tool for punching, or a solid tool for hot forging. The present invention relates to a coated cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools used for tools that need to have both wear resistance and toughness.
「従来の技術」 従来から耐摩，耐衝撃用工具の材料としてタングステ
ンカーバイド（WC）粉末と鉄族金属、例えばCo粉末を混
合してプレス成形し、焼結して製造するWC−Co系合金
（超硬合金）が用いられている。"Conventional technology" Conventionally, WC-Co alloys (Tungsten Carbide (WC) powder and iron group metal, such as Co powder, which are mixed, pressed and sintered as materials for wear and impact resistant tools) Cemented carbide) is used.
このWCと鉄族金属の合金、例えばWC−Co系合金はWC合
金粉末の粒度，焼結条件やWCと鉄族金属であるCoの配合
量の比率によって耐摩耗性や靱性が異なるので、それら
を調節して両者の向上を図ることが行われてきた。The wear resistance and toughness of WC and iron group metal alloys, for example, WC-Co alloys, differ depending on the particle size of the WC alloy powder, sintering conditions, and the mixing ratio of WC and iron group metal Co. Have been tried to improve both.
しかしこの材料に対して耐摩耗性（硬度）と靱性（強
度と耐衝撃性）は相互に相反する性質であり、WC−Co系
超硬合金においてCo量を増加すると高靱性は得られるが
必然的に耐摩耗性（硬度）が低下する性質がある。However, the wear resistance (hardness) and toughness (strength and impact resistance) of these materials are mutually contradictory. If the amount of Co is increased in a WC-Co cemented carbide, high toughness is obtained, but it is inevitable. Abrasion resistance (hardness).
（特開昭61−179846号には理論炭素量より少ない炭素
を含むWC粉末とCo粉末を混合焼結したη相を有する超硬
合金を浸炭処理してη相の無い表面積を形成することに
よって問題を解決する方法が開示されている。そして浸
炭処理によって表面からη相が消滅するとともに、Co含
有量が表面で減少し、次いで増加するように結合相が流
動することが示されている。しかし開示された超硬合金
では表面の硬度が低下して耐摩耗性が悪く、またη相を
含む超硬合金は靱性がなく、前記問題を解決することは
できない。） これに対しWC−Co系超硬合金の表面に、TiC,TiN,Al2O
3等の硬度の高い物質を被覆して表面の耐摩耗性を向上
させた耐摩耗性被覆超硬合金が研究されてきた。(Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 61-179846 discloses a method of carburizing a cemented carbide having an η phase obtained by mixing and sintering a WC powder containing less than the theoretical carbon amount and a Co powder to form a surface area free of the η phase. A method is disclosed to solve the problem, and it has been shown that the carburizing treatment causes the binder phase to flow such that the η phase disappears from the surface and the Co content decreases at the surface and then increases. However, in the disclosed cemented carbide, the hardness of the surface is lowered and the wear resistance is poor, and the cemented carbide containing the η phase has no toughness, so that the above problem cannot be solved.) TiC, TiN, Al 2 O
Abrasion-resistant coated cemented carbides that have been coated with a material having high hardness, such as 3 , to improve the abrasion resistance of the surface have been studied.
「発明が解決しようとする課題」 ところがWC−Co系超硬合金に前記の材料を被覆すると
応力で発生する被覆層の微細な亀裂等によって使用した
際の超硬合金の強度（靱性）が大幅に低下してしまうの
で、結局被覆超硬合金の用途が制限されてしまうという
課題があった。"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, when the WC-Co-based cemented carbide is coated with the above materials, the strength (toughness) of the cemented carbide when used due to minute cracks in the coating layer caused by stress, etc. is large. Therefore, there is a problem that the use of the coated cemented carbide is eventually limited.
この発明は高い耐摩耗性と同時に高い靱性を有するソ
リッド工具用等の被覆超硬合金を提供することを目的と
するものである。It is an object of the present invention to provide a coated cemented carbide having high wear resistance and high toughness for solid tools and the like.
「課題を解決するための手段」 この発明はWCと鉄族金属からなる超硬合金において、
超硬合金の表面から10〜1000μｍの深さまでの間に、厚
さが５〜100μｍの鉄族金属の結合相量（含有量）が超
硬合金内部に比し1.2〜５倍に富化された富化層（高靱
化層）を有し、かつ、超硬合金表面から該富化層の間に
富化層が存在しない構造を有し、該超硬合金の表面にTi
C,TiN,TiCN,Al2O3の１種以上を被覆してなる耐摩工具用
被覆超硬合金工具であり、前記課題を解決するものであ
る。"Means for solving the problem" This invention relates to a cemented carbide comprising WC and an iron group metal,
From the surface of the cemented carbide to the depth of 10 to 1000 µm, the amount (content) of the iron group metal with a thickness of 5 to 100 µm is enriched 1.2 to 5 times compared to the inside of the cemented carbide. And has a structure in which no enriched layer exists between the cemented carbide surface and the enriched layer, and the surface of the cemented carbide has Ti
A coated cemented carbide tool for wear-resistant tools, coated with at least one of C, TiN, TiCN, and Al 2 O 3 , which solves the above-mentioned problems.
この場合に合金の表面と富化層との間の合金は中心部
と異なる組成でもよく、中心部より鉄族金属の含有量が
少なくて硬度が高くまた中心部より被覆材料を被覆し易
い組成としてもよい。In this case, the alloy between the surface of the alloy and the enriched layer may have a composition different from that of the central part, a composition having a lower iron group metal content than the central part, having a higher hardness, and being easier to coat the coating material than the central part. It may be.
「作用」 本発明の超硬合金では合金表面から10〜1000μｍの深
さの間に存在させた厚さが５〜100μｍの合金内部に比
し1.2〜５倍に結合相量を富化させた富化層（高靱化
層）の存在によって超硬合金の靱性が付与される。"Action" In the cemented carbide of the present invention, the amount of the binder phase was enriched by 1.2 to 5 times compared to the inside of the alloy having a thickness of 5 to 100 μm, which was present at a depth of 10 to 1000 μm from the alloy surface. The presence of the enriched layer (toughened layer) imparts the toughness of the cemented carbide.
富化層が表面から10μｍ以下の浅い場所に存在するの
では使用による工具の摩耗の進行によって富化層すなわ
ち高靱化層が露出して耐摩耗性が低下する。また富化層
が1000μｍ以上の深さにあるのでは靱性低下を防止する
という高靱化層の効果が十分でない。If the enriched layer exists in a shallow place of 10 μm or less from the surface, the enriched layer, that is, the toughened layer is exposed due to the progress of wear of the tool during use, and the wear resistance is reduced. Further, if the enriched layer is at a depth of 1000 μm or more, the effect of the toughened layer to prevent a decrease in toughness is not sufficient.
高靱化層（富化層）の厚さが５μｍ以下では耐摩工具
としての靱性向上の効果が不足するし、厚さが100μｍ
を越えると表面部に塑性変形をもたらすので好ましくな
い。また高靱化層内の結合相量は合金内部に比し1.2〜
５倍がよく、この比率が大きい程高靱化層の厚さを小さ
くすることができる。If the thickness of the toughened layer (enriched layer) is 5 μm or less, the effect of improving toughness as a wear-resistant tool is insufficient, and the thickness is 100 μm.
Exceeding undesirably causes plastic deformation on the surface. In addition, the amount of the binder phase in the toughened layer is 1.2-
The ratio is preferably 5 times, and the larger the ratio, the smaller the thickness of the toughened layer.
本発明の超硬合金工具ではTiC,TiN,TiCN,Al2O3の１種
以上の材料を被覆するが、これらの材料は非常に高い硬
度を有するので耐摩耗性が確保される。また表面から10
〜1000μｍの深さの間にある高靱化層（富化層）によっ
て靱性が確保され、被覆による靱性の低下が防止でき
る。これらの材料を２種以上汲み合わせる場合にAl2O3
は靱性が特に低いので、下層にTiC,TiN,TiCNを被覆しそ
の上にAl2O3を１μｍ以下の厚さに被覆することが好ま
しい。そして全被覆厚さは耐摩耗性，靱性および剥離性
等を考慮して0.5〜５μｍ程度とするのがよい。In the cemented carbide tool of the present invention, one or more materials of TiC, TiN, TiCN, and Al 2 O 3 are coated, but since these materials have extremely high hardness, wear resistance is secured. Also from the surface 10
The toughness is ensured by the toughened layer (enriched layer) between the depths of up to 1000 μm, and a decrease in toughness due to coating can be prevented. When two or more of these materials are combined, Al 2 O 3
Since is particularly low in toughness, it is preferable to coat the lower layer with TiC, TiN, and TiCN, and then coat Al 2 O 3 thereon with a thickness of 1 μm or less. The total coating thickness is preferably about 0.5 to 5 μm in consideration of wear resistance, toughness, peelability and the like.
本発明の超硬合金を製造するには、WCと鉄族金属の粉
末を比率を異にしてプレスした圧粉体を焼結する。或い
は本体となる圧粉体に適当な成分の層を形成した板状の
圧粉体をラミネート構造にプレス成形して焼結する。或
いは同一組成の圧粉体を焼結工程、あるいは焼結後に液
相，固相状態で高温で脱炭処理，浸炭処理を繰り返して
超硬合金の表面での結合相の流動を利用して製造するこ
とができる。In order to produce the cemented carbide of the present invention, a green compact obtained by pressing WC and iron group metal powder at different ratios is sintered. Alternatively, a plate-shaped green compact in which a layer of an appropriate component is formed on the green compact to be the main body is press-formed into a laminate structure and sintered. Alternatively, a green compact of the same composition is manufactured by sintering, or after sintering, repeatedly decarburizing and carburizing at high temperature in the liquid or solid state and utilizing the flow of the binder phase on the surface of the cemented carbide. can do.
またTiC,TiN,TiCN,Al2O3の１種以上の被覆は通常の化
学蒸着法（CVD法）や物理蒸着法（PVD法）によって行う
ことができる。The coating of at least one of TiC, TiN, TiCN, and Al 2 O 3 can be performed by a general chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) or a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method).
「実施例」 実施例1. 中心部にWC−10％Coの混合粉末、その周辺にCo粉末を
多量、すなわち（Ａ）12％，（Ｂ）20％，（Ｃ）40％，
（Ｄ）50％Coを含む混合粉末を挿入した後、さらにその
外側に７％Coを含有する粉末を挿入して所定のパンチ形
状にプレス成形して1360℃で真空雰囲気中で焼結して超
硬合金を造った。その場合に第１表の構造となるように
充填量を調整した。"Examples" Example 1. A mixed powder of WC-10% Co in the center and a large amount of Co powder around it, namely (A) 12%, (B) 20%, (C) 40%,
(D) After the mixed powder containing 50% Co is inserted, the powder containing 7% Co is further inserted outside the mixed powder, pressed into a predetermined punch shape, and sintered at 1360 ° C. in a vacuum atmosphere. Made a cemented carbide. In that case, the filling amount was adjusted so as to obtain the structure shown in Table 1.
これらの合金の表面にCVD法により３μｍの厚さにTiN
を被覆した。 The thickness of these alloys is reduced to 3 μm by CVD using TiN.
Was coated.
前記の試料合金と比較のための全体が10％Co及び20％
Coの合金のパンチを用いて、SCr（Cr鋼）21を断面減少
率（加工前後の素材断面積の変化率）58％、押し出し長
さ（押出し加工によって変化させた長さ10mmに押出し加
工試験を行った。10% Co and 20% for comparison with the above sample alloy
Using a Co alloy punch, SCr (Cr steel) 21 was extruded to 58% cross-section reduction rate (change rate of material cross-sectional area before and after processing) and extruded length (10 mm length changed by extrusion processing) Was done.
その結果、本発明合金のA,B,C,Dの各試料ではそれぞ
れ18万個,20万個,40万個,35万個のショットが可能であ
ったが、比較のための10％Co合金では0.1万個で割損
し、20％Co合金では１万個で摩耗寿命となった。As a result, in each of the samples A, B, C, and D of the alloy of the present invention, 180,000, 200,000, 400,000, and 350,000 shots were possible, respectively. In the case of the alloy, cracking occurred at 0.1000 pieces, and the wear life was reached with 10,000 pieces of the 20% Co alloy.
実施例2. 実施例１のＢの組成の合金において、高靱化層の厚さ
をそれぞれ5,20,60,100μｍ（各試料E,F,G,Hとする）と
した試料を造って、実施例１と同じ試験を行った。Example 2. In the alloy having the composition of B in Example 1, samples were prepared in which the thickness of the toughened layer was 5, 20, 60, and 100 μm (each sample was E, F, G, and H). The same test as in Example 1 was performed.
結果は試料合金E,F,G,Hはそれぞれ13万個,18万個,38
万個,37万個のショットが可能であった。The results were 130,000, 180,000 and 38 for sample alloys E, F, G, and H, respectively.
10,000 and 370,000 shots were possible.
「発明の効果」 以上に詳しく説明したように本発明の耐摩工具用超硬
合金は表面に硬質膜をもうけることによって耐摩耗性が
付与され、該硬質膜による超硬合金の強度（靱性）の低
下は表面近傍にもうけられた高靱化層によって補われ、
靱性の低下はなく、むしろ従来の超硬合金のみの場合よ
り靱性が向上する。すなわち本発明の合金は合金表面近
傍のCo等の鉄族金属結合相を富化した層をもうけ、且つ
合金表面にTiC,TiN,TiCN,Al2O3の１種以上の被覆をする
ことによって合金強度を低下させることなく高度の耐摩
耗性を有せしめることができるのであり、従来の超硬合
金の耐摩耗性と靱性が相反するという性質を克服できて
耐摩工具用超硬合金として非常に有効なものである。[Effect of the Invention] As described in detail above, the cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools of the present invention is provided with wear resistance by forming a hard film on the surface, and the strength (toughness) of the cemented carbide by the hard film is improved. The decrease is compensated for by the toughened layer provided near the surface,
There is no decrease in toughness, but rather the toughness is improved as compared with the case of using only conventional cemented carbide. That is, the alloy of the present invention is provided with a layer enriched in an iron group metal binding phase such as Co near the alloy surface and by coating the alloy surface with at least one of TiC, TiN, TiCN, and Al 2 O 3 . It is possible to have high wear resistance without lowering the alloy strength, and it is possible to overcome the contradiction between the wear resistance and toughness of conventional cemented carbide, making it very useful as a cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools. It is valid.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C23C 16/00 - 16/56 C23C 14/06,14/08 C22C 1/05 C22C 29/08──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C23C 16/00-16/56 C23C 14 / 06,14 / 08 C22C 1/05 C22C 29/08
Claims (2)
て、超硬合金の表面から10〜1000μｍの深さまでの間に
鉄族金属の結合相量（含有量）が超硬合金内部に比し1.
2〜５倍に富化された富化層（高靱化層）を有し、か
つ、超硬合金表面から該富化層の間に富化層が存在しな
い構造を有し、該超硬合金の表面にTiC、TiN、TiCN、Al
2O3の１種以上を被覆したことを特徴とする耐摩工具用
被覆超硬合金工具。1. A cemented carbide tool comprising WC and an iron group metal, wherein the amount of the binder phase (content) of the iron group metal is increased to a depth of 10 to 1000 μm from the surface of the cemented carbide. Compare 1.
The cemented carbide has an enriched layer (toughened layer) that is two to five times enriched and has a structure in which no enriched layer is present between the cemented carbide surface and the enriched layer; TiC, TiN, TiCN, Al on the surface of the alloy
A coated cemented carbide tool for wear-resistant tools, characterized by being coated with at least one of 2 O 3 .
特徴とする請求項１記載の耐摩工具用被覆超硬合金工
具。2. The coated cemented carbide tool for wear-resistant tools according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the enriched layer is 5 to 100 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1219895A JP2819648B2 (en) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Coated cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1219895A JP2819648B2 (en) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Coated cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0382766A JPH0382766A (en) | 1991-04-08 |
| JP2819648B2 true JP2819648B2 (en) | 1998-10-30 |
Family
ID=16742722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1219895A Expired - Lifetime JP2819648B2 (en) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Coated cemented carbide for wear-resistant tools |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2819648B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0864661B1 (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 2003-10-01 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy |
| IL151773A0 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2003-04-10 | Kennametal Inc | Cemented carbide tool and method for making the same |
| WO2007072833A1 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2007-06-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Lithium ion secondary battery |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5952703A (en) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-27 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Gap length detecting method |
| JPS62105628A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1987-05-16 | 東芝タンガロイ株式会社 | High-tenacity coated cemented carbide and manufacture thereof |
-
1989
- 1989-08-24 JP JP1219895A patent/JP2819648B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0382766A (en) | 1991-04-08 |
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