JP2815492B2 - How to build an underwater foundation - Google Patents
How to build an underwater foundationInfo
- Publication number
- JP2815492B2 JP2815492B2 JP6183191A JP6183191A JP2815492B2 JP 2815492 B2 JP2815492 B2 JP 2815492B2 JP 6183191 A JP6183191 A JP 6183191A JP 6183191 A JP6183191 A JP 6183191A JP 2815492 B2 JP2815492 B2 JP 2815492B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- floating body
- film material
- underwater foundation
- water
- underwater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Foundations (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は水中基礎の構築方法に
関するものであり、特に、水深の深い場所においても施
工可能な水中基礎の構築方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underwater foundation, and more particularly to a method for constructing an underwater foundation that can be constructed in a deep place.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来この種水中基礎の構築方法の代表と
して、設置ケーソン工法が挙げられる。該ケーソン工法
のケーソンは水深に合わせて高さが設定され、ドック等
にて形成される。又、水中基礎が構築される水底は、掘
削均し作業等により水平に均される。そして、該ケーソ
ンを構築現場まで曳航した後、注水して水底に設置す
る。更に、該ケーソン内にコンクリートを打設して水中
基礎を構築する。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an installation caisson method is a typical example of a method of constructing this kind of underwater foundation. The height of the caisson of the caisson method is set according to the water depth, and the caisson is formed by a dock or the like. Further, the water bottom on which the underwater foundation is constructed is leveled horizontally by excavation leveling work or the like. Then, after the caisson is towed to the construction site, water is injected and the caisson is installed on the water floor. Further, concrete is poured into the caisson to construct an underwater foundation.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した従来の水中基
礎の構築方法はケーソンを水底に直接設置して構築す
る。しかし、水深の深い水底に設置する際には該ケーソ
ンが大型になるので、ドック等にてケーソンの制作ヤー
ドの確保、及び、水底の均し作業が困難となる。従っ
て、該水中基礎の構築方法は水深によって著しく制限さ
れる。更に、ケーソンを据え付けてからコンクリートを
打設するまでの間、水流や波に対する安定性に問題があ
る。In the above-mentioned conventional method of constructing an underwater foundation, a caisson is directly installed on the bottom of the water to construct the underwater foundation. However, when the caisson is installed on a deep water floor, the caisson becomes large, so that it is difficult to secure a caisson production yard at a dock or the like and to level the water bottom. Thus, the method of constructing the underwater foundation is severely limited by water depth. Furthermore, there is a problem in stability against water currents and waves between the time the caisson is installed and the time the concrete is poured.
【０００４】そこで、水中基礎の構築工事の安全性、経
済性の向上を図ると共に、水深の深い場所であっても水
中基礎を構築できるようにするために解決すべき技術的
課題が生じてくるのであり、本発明は該課題を解決する
ことを目的とする。[0004] Therefore, there are technical problems to be solved in order to improve the safety and economy of the construction of the underwater foundation and to enable the construction of the underwater foundation even in a deep place. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、上記目的を
達成するために提案されたものであり、鋼製或いはコン
クリート製の浮体物を形成し、該浮体物を曳航して施工
現場に係留し、更に、該浮体物に浮体物の下方を囲繞す
る膜材を設けると共に、該膜材内に水中コンクリート等
の自硬材を打設或いは投下して土台を形成し、該土台上
に前記浮体物を設置して構築することを特徴とする水中
基礎の構築方法を提供せんとするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above-mentioned object, and forms a floating body made of steel or concrete and tow the floating body to moor it at a construction site. Further, a film material surrounding the lower part of the floating body is provided on the floating body, and a self-hardening material such as underwater concrete is poured or dropped into the film material to form a base, and the base is formed on the base. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an underwater foundation, which is characterized by installing and constructing a floating body.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】この発明は、浮体物を曳航して構築現場に係留
すると共に、該浮体物に下方を囲繞する膜材を設ける。
更に、該膜材内に水中コンクリート等の自硬材を投下し
て水面付近まで積み上げ、土台を形成する。そして、該
土台上に前記浮体物を設置して水中基礎が構築される。According to the present invention, the floating body is towed and moored at the construction site, and the floating body is provided with a film material surrounding the floating body.
Further, a self-hardening material such as underwater concrete is dropped into the film material and piled up near the water surface to form a base. Then, the floating body is installed on the base to construct an underwater foundation.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下、この発明の一実施例を添付図面の図１
乃至図８に従って詳述する。図において、１は鋼製或い
はコンクリート製の浮体物であり、図１に示すように、
該浮体物１はドック２内にて制作される。該浮体物１は
水に対して浮き、且つ、開口部３を形成してある。尚、
図はドライドックで浮体物を建造する場合を示すが、図
中４は堤防であり、海洋５の海水を堰き止めている。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a floating body made of steel or concrete, and as shown in FIG.
The floating object 1 is produced in the dock 2. The floating object 1 floats with respect to water and has an opening 3 formed therein. still,
The figure shows a case in which a floating body is constructed by a dry dock. In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a dike, which blocks seawater in the ocean 5.
【０００８】図２に示すように、該浮体物１の製作が終
了すると、該ドック２に海水が注入される。そして、該
浮体物１の下縁外周部には膜材６が取り付けられる。該
膜材６は可撓性及び透水性を有すると共に、伸縮性はな
く引張力に強い材質を用いている。該膜材６は不透水性
の材質であっても良いが、後述する作業を考慮して透水
性のものを可とする。該膜材６は水中基礎を構築する現
場の水深に合わせて設定されてあり、該浮体物１の下方
を水底まで囲繞するように設けられている。更に、該膜
材６にはブイ等の浮力体７が取り付けられている。該浮
力体７と浮体物１底面との間の膜材６には適度のたるみ
をもたせる。これは、浮体物１の揺れや膜材６の展長に
追従させるためである。As shown in FIG. 2, when the manufacture of the floating body 1 is completed, seawater is injected into the dock 2. A film material 6 is attached to the outer periphery of the lower edge of the floating body 1. The film material 6 is made of a material which has flexibility and water permeability, does not have elasticity and is strong in tensile force. The film material 6 may be a water-impermeable material, but a water-permeable material is acceptable in consideration of the work described later. The film material 6 is set in accordance with the depth of water at the site where the underwater foundation is constructed, and is provided so as to surround the lower part of the floating body 1 to the water bottom. Further, a buoyant body 7 such as a buoy is attached to the film material 6. The film material 6 between the buoyant body 7 and the bottom surface of the floating body 1 is given an appropriate slack. This is to follow the swing of the floating object 1 and the extension of the film material 6.
【０００９】該浮体物１の上面には曳航、材料投入及び
杭打設等のための諸設備が艤装される。そして、図３に
示すように、浮体物１は構築現場まで曳航される。次
に、図４及び図５に示すように、浮体物１は構築現場に
て係留される。更に、前記膜材６の底部にはシンカー
８，８…が取り付けられ、クレーン船にて水底に設置さ
れる。従って、該膜材６は水中において浮体物１の下方
を囲繞する。該膜材６は浮体物１よりも平面積を大に形
成され、且つ、浮体物１の下方を囲繞した状態で側面視
台形状になるように形成してある。On the upper surface of the floating body 1, various facilities for towing, material input, pile driving, and the like are provided. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the floating body 1 is towed to the construction site. Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the floating object 1 is moored at the construction site. Further, sinkers 8, 8,... Are attached to the bottom of the film material 6, and are installed on the water bottom by a crane ship. Therefore, the film material 6 surrounds the lower part of the floating body 1 in water. The film material 6 is formed so as to have a larger plane area than the floating object 1 and to have a trapezoidal shape in a side view while surrounding the lower part of the floating object 1.
【００１０】然る後、図６に示すように、浮体物１の開
口部３にトレミー管９，９がセットされ、該トレミー管
９，９を介して作業船より自硬材１０を膜材６内に投下
して水面付近まで打設し、図７に示すように、土台１１
を形成する。そして、該土台１１上に前記浮体物１を設
置すれば、水中基礎１２が構築される。該自硬材１０の
打設はトレミー管９，９によるポンプ打ちのみではな
く、グラブによって投下することもできる。更に、浮体
物１を予め底開バージ型に建造すれば該浮体物１から直
接投下することができる。Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, tremee pipes 9, 9 are set in the openings 3 of the floating body 1, and the self-hardening material 10 is supplied from the work boat through the tremee pipes 9, 9 to the film material. 6 and poured into the vicinity of the water surface, and as shown in FIG.
To form When the floating object 1 is installed on the base 11, an underwater foundation 12 is constructed. The driving of the self-hardening material 10 can be carried out not only by pumping by the tremy tubes 9, 9 but also by grab. Further, if the floating object 1 is constructed in advance as a bottom-open barge type, it can be dropped directly from the floating object 1.
【００１１】このときは、膜材６が自硬材１０の拡散を
防止して自硬材１０の効率の良い打設を可能にしてい
る。又、前述したように、膜材６の平面積が浮体物１よ
り大に形成されているので、浮体物１の位置決めの施工
誤差を吸収できる。更に、該土台１１は膜材６の形状に
沿って台形に形成されるので、水底との接触面積が大き
くなる。従って、地盤強度が低くても水中基礎１２の大
なる積載荷重を得ることができ、安定性の高い水中基礎
１２が構築される。又、膜材６は海底面の不陸に対して
柔軟に適合するため、海底掘削、均し作業が不要となる
利点がある。In this case, the film material 6 prevents the self-hardening material 10 from diffusing, thereby enabling the self-hardening material 10 to be efficiently driven. Further, as described above, since the plane area of the film material 6 is formed to be larger than that of the floating body 1, the positioning error of the floating body 1 can be absorbed. Furthermore, since the base 11 is formed in a trapezoidal shape along the shape of the film material 6, the contact area with the water bottom increases. Therefore, even if the ground strength is low, a large load of the underwater foundation 12 can be obtained, and the underwater foundation 12 with high stability is constructed. In addition, since the film material 6 flexibly adapts to unevenness on the sea bottom, there is an advantage that the sea bottom excavation and leveling work are not required.
【００１２】一方、自硬材１０には水中コンクリート、
ソスルセメント、フライアッシュ、或いは、石炭灰のポ
ゾラン等が用いられる。水底の地盤の強度が高い場合に
は、硬化強度の高い水中コンクリート等を打設して土台
１１と浮体物１とにて水中基礎１２を構成する。水底の
地盤が軟弱な場合には、自硬材１０として硬化強度が低
く、強度の調整が可能なソイルセメントやポゾラン等が
用いられる。On the other hand, underwater concrete,
Sosul cement, fly ash, or pozzolan of coal ash is used. When the strength of the ground at the bottom of the water is high, underwater concrete or the like having high hardening strength is cast, and the underwater foundation 12 is constituted by the base 11 and the floating object 1. When the ground at the bottom of the water is soft, soil cement, pozzolan, or the like, which has a low hardening strength and can adjust the strength, is used as the self-hardening material 10.
【００１３】そして、該ソイルセメントやポゾラン等に
て形成された土台１１上の浮体物１の開口部よりパイル
１３を土台１１を介して地盤の支持層まで打ち込んで浮
体物１を該パイル１３にて支持し、図８に示すように、
水中基礎１２が構築される。又、図示はしないが、該パ
イル１３に代わってオープンケーソン或いはニューマチ
ックケーソンを沈設し、これらケーソンにて浮体物１を
支持することも可能である。更に、自硬材１０が硬化後
は、それ自体が波、流れ、静水圧等に抵抗するため極め
て安定している。一方、浮体物１を支持する前記パイル
１３或いはケーソンに横抵抗が期待できるため断面を小
とすることができるため経済的であり、施工コストを削
減することができる。該パイル１３の打設或いはケーソ
ンの沈設は地上或いは気中作業となるため、水中での作
業が排除されて安全性及び施工精度が向上する。Then, a pile 13 is driven into the pile 13 from the opening of the floating body 1 on the base 11 formed of the soil cement, pozzolan or the like via the base 11 to the support layer of the ground. And support, as shown in FIG.
An underwater foundation 12 is constructed. Although not shown, an open caisson or a pneumatic caisson may be provided instead of the pile 13 to support the floating body 1 with these caissons. Further, after the self-hardening material 10 is hardened, the self-hardening material 10 itself is extremely stable because it resists waves, flows, hydrostatic pressure and the like. On the other hand, since the pile 13 or caisson supporting the floating object 1 can be expected to have lateral resistance, the cross section can be made small, so that it is economical and the construction cost can be reduced. Since the placing of the pile 13 or the sinking of the caisson is performed on the ground or in the air, work underwater is eliminated, and safety and construction accuracy are improved.
【００１４】更に、該水中基礎１２を構築する際に、浮
体物１が係留され、且つ、膜材６は透水性を有している
ので、潮流等の海象条件の影響を受け難い。従って、水
中基礎工事の施工性が良好で工期を短縮する。Further, when the underwater foundation 12 is constructed, the floating body 1 is moored and the membrane material 6 has water permeability, so that it is hardly affected by marine conditions such as tidal currents. Therefore, the workability of underwater foundation construction is good and the construction period is shortened.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】この発明は上記一実施例に詳述したよう
に、浮体物を曳航して係留し、該浮体物の下方を囲繞す
る膜材内に自硬材を投下して土台を形成する。そして、
該土台上に浮体物を設置して水中基礎を構築するので、
浮体物の高さは水深にて設定されることはなく、更に、
水底の均し作業が不要となる。従って、水深に制限され
ることはなく、大深海であっても水中基礎を構築するこ
とがでる。又、該膜材は自硬材の拡散を防止すると共
に、該自硬材にて形成される土台に係留していた浮体物
を設置するため、海象条件の影響を受け難くなって工事
の簡素化及び工期の短縮を促進すると共に、工事の安全
性及び経済性を向上する等実用的価値のある考案であ
る。According to the present invention, as described in detail in the above embodiment, a floating body is towed and moored, and a self-hardening material is dropped into a film material surrounding a lower part of the floating body to form a base. I do. And
Since a floating body is installed on the base to build an underwater foundation,
The height of the floating object is not set at the water depth,
Eliminates the need to level the bottom of the water. Therefore, it is not limited to the water depth, and the underwater foundation can be constructed even in the deep sea. In addition, the film material prevents diffusion of the self-hardening material, and since a floating body moored on the base formed by the self-hardening material is installed, it is hardly affected by sea conditions and the construction is simplified. It is a device of practical value, such as promoting construction and shortening the construction period, and improving the safety and economy of construction.
【図１】ドックにて浮体物を制作する状態を示す解説
図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a floating object is produced at a dock.
【図２】ドックに海水を注入して浮体物を浮かせ、該浮
体物に膜材を装着した状態を示す解説図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which seawater is injected into a dock to float a floating object, and a film material is attached to the floating object.
【図３】浮体物を曳航する状態を示す解説図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a floating object is towed.
【図４】浮体物を係留した状態を示す解説図。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state where a floating object is moored.
【図５】係留した浮体物の下方を膜材にて囲繞する状態
を示す解説図。FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a mooring floating body is surrounded by a film material below the mooring body.
【図６】膜材内に自硬材を打設する状態を示す解説図。FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a self-hardening material is poured into a film material.
【図７】土台及び水底地盤にパイルを打設する状態を示
す解説図。FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a pile is placed on a base and underwater ground.
【図８】構築された水中基礎を示す解説図。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the constructed underwater foundation.
１ 浮体物 ６ 膜材 １０ 自硬材 １１ 土台 １２ 水中基礎 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floating object 6 Membrane material 10 Self-hardening material 11 Base 12 Underwater foundation
Claims (1)
成し、該浮体物を曳航して施工現場に係留し、更に、該
浮体物に浮体物の下方を囲繞する膜材を設けると共に、
該膜材内に水中コンクリート等の自硬材を打設或いは投
下して土台を形成し、該土台上に前記浮体物を設置して
構築することを特徴とする水中基礎の構築方法。1. A steel or concrete floating body is formed, the floating body is towed and moored at a construction site, and a film material surrounding a lower part of the floating body is provided on the floating body.
A method for constructing an underwater foundation, wherein a foundation is formed by casting or dropping a self-hardening material such as underwater concrete into the film material, and the floating body is installed and constructed on the foundation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6183191A JP2815492B2 (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | How to build an underwater foundation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6183191A JP2815492B2 (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | How to build an underwater foundation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04297619A JPH04297619A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| JP2815492B2 true JP2815492B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
Family
ID=13182437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6183191A Expired - Fee Related JP2815492B2 (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | How to build an underwater foundation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2815492B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160028307A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-03-11 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus and Method for fixing gravity structure |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100403641B1 (en) * | 2001-04-18 | 2003-10-30 | 동부건설 주식회사 | Operation method of well form bucket of one style for the base operation of pier |
| KR100969288B1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-07-09 | 석정건설주식회사 | Apparatus protecting spreading particulate clay from marine or submarine and method constructing sand or stone column with it |
-
1991
- 1991-03-26 JP JP6183191A patent/JP2815492B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160028307A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-03-11 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus and Method for fixing gravity structure |
| KR101684638B1 (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-12-07 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus and Method for fixing gravity structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04297619A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
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