JP2804995B2 - Multi-point packer type permeation test method and test equipment - Google Patents
Multi-point packer type permeation test method and test equipmentInfo
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- JP2804995B2 JP2804995B2 JP3845990A JP3845990A JP2804995B2 JP 2804995 B2 JP2804995 B2 JP 2804995B2 JP 3845990 A JP3845990 A JP 3845990A JP 3845990 A JP3845990 A JP 3845990A JP 2804995 B2 JP2804995 B2 JP 2804995B2
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、地下坑道の周囲岩盤の透水特性を計測する
ための透水試験方法及び該方法を実施するための試験装
置に関するものであって、特に、地下坑道が被圧水帯の
中に存在する場合のような、周囲岩盤の計測にも適用で
きる多点パッカー式孔内透水試験方法及び試験装置に関
するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a permeability test method for measuring the permeability property of rock around an underground tunnel, and a test apparatus for performing the method. In particular, the present invention relates to a multi-point packer-type permeation test method and test apparatus applicable to measurement of surrounding rock, such as when an underground tunnel is present in a confined water zone.
（従来の技術） 地下の岩盤中に石油類、廃棄物等を封入することが考
えられているが、堀削時の発破による岩盤の損傷や応力
解放による割れ目の開口現象等の影響によって周囲岩盤
の透水性が増大し、好ましくない状態になる恐れがあ
る。その監視のため、坑道側壁の法線方向に10〜30mの
ボーリング孔を削孔し、その孔内において坑道側壁に近
い区間から遠い区間に至る数区間に区分けして透水試験
が行なわれている。(Prior art) It is considered that petroleum, waste, etc. are enclosed in the underground rock, but the surrounding rock is affected by the damage of the rock due to blasting during excavation and the opening phenomenon of cracks due to stress release. May increase in water permeability, resulting in an undesirable state. For the monitoring, a borehole of 10 to 30 m is drilled in the normal direction of the tunnel side wall, and a permeability test is conducted in several sections from the section near the tunnel side to the section far away in the hole. .
従来の孔４内の透水試験方法は、第２図のごとく、一
区間のみ一対のパッカー6,6で仕切って行う測定方法で
あり、パッカー6,6で仕切られた該試験対象区間21内に
間隙水圧を越える一定の注水圧力で注水し、そのときの
単位時間当たり注水量を測定し、当該試験区間21の透水
係数を計測していた。なお25はパッカー６への圧縮ガス
送給ホース、26は注水用ホースである。As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional permeation test method in the hole 4 is a measurement method in which only one section is partitioned by a pair of packers 6, 6, and the inside of the test section 21 partitioned by the packers 6, 6 is used. Water was injected at a constant injection pressure exceeding the pore water pressure, the amount of water injected per unit time at that time was measured, and the hydraulic conductivity of the test section 21 was measured. 25 is a hose for supplying compressed gas to the packer 6, and 26 is a hose for water injection.
また、第２図の従来の孔内透水試験方法は一区間のみ
の測定であるため、一区間の測定後に同一孔内の他の区
間にパッカーを前後移動し、順次、全試験区間について
同様な透水試験を行って、全区間の透水係数を計測して
いた。In addition, since the conventional permeation test method in FIG. 2 measures only one section, the packer is moved back and forth to another section in the same hole after measurement of one section, and the same procedure is sequentially performed for all test sections. A permeability test was performed to measure the permeability coefficient of all sections.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 従来の一区間のみをパッカーで仕切って行う孔内透水
試験方法では、例えば試験孔が簡単な地表からの鉛直ボ
ーリング孔のような場合は、地下水圧は直線的に変化
し、間隙水圧分布が緩やかであるから、測定に与える影
響は問題とならない。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional permeation test method in which only one section is partitioned by a packer, for example, when the test hole is a simple vertical boring hole from the ground surface, the groundwater pressure is linear. , And the pore water pressure distribution is moderate, so the effect on the measurement does not matter.
しかし、地下坑道が第３図のように地下深く、かつ間
隙水圧が地下水圧に近い状態の被圧水帯の中に存在する
場合は、ボーリング孔内の間隙水圧分布の変化が激し
く、測定に重大な影響を与える。However, if the underground tunnel is deep underground as shown in Fig. 3 and is located in the confined water zone where the pore water pressure is close to the ground water pressure, the pore water pressure distribution inside the borehole changes greatly, and Have a significant impact.
例えば第３図において、地下坑道の地下深度を150mと
すれば、被圧水帯の岩盤の間隙水圧は地下水圧の15kgf/
cm2に近い値となるであろう。しかも、地下坑道は地表
から堀削されているため、坑道内は大気圧下の水圧（0k
gf/cm2）の状態であり、ボーリング孔の入口も同じく大
気圧下の状態にある。従って、地下坑道の側壁に削口さ
れたボーリング孔は、孔内の間隙水圧分布が入口の0kgf
/cm2から孔奥の15kgf/cm2に急激に変化する。第２図の
従来方法のように、一区間21のみをパッカー6,6で仕切
って測定する場合は、隣接する入口側の空間22は常に大
気圧で、孔奥側の空間23は長いため圧力不定で、入口の
奥の圧力差が大きく、微細な測定が困難で真の間隙水圧
分布に対して測定精度がどうしても悪くなる要因を抱え
ている。For example, in FIG. 3, if the depth of the underground tunnel is 150 m, the pore water pressure of the rock in the confined water zone is 15 kgf / ground water pressure.
It will be close to cm 2 . Moreover, because the underground tunnel is excavated from the surface, the inside of the tunnel is under atmospheric pressure (0k
gf / cm 2 ), and the entrance of the borehole is also under atmospheric pressure. Therefore, in the borehole drilled on the side wall of the underground tunnel, the pore water pressure distribution in the hole is 0 kgf at the entrance.
suddenly it changes from / cm 2 to 15kgf / cm 2 of Anaoku. As in the conventional method shown in FIG. 2, when only one section 21 is partitioned by the packers 6 and 6 for measurement, the adjacent inlet side space 22 is always at atmospheric pressure, and It is indeterminate, has a large pressure difference at the back of the inlet, makes it difficult to make fine measurements, and has a factor that makes the measurement accuracy worse against the true pore water pressure distribution.
また第２図の従来の孔内透水試験方法は、パッカー6,
6を移動して、順次、全区間について試験するため、測
定の完了までかなりの手間と時間がかかる問題点を有し
ている。In addition, the conventional method for testing water permeability in a hole shown in FIG.
Since 6 is moved and the test is performed sequentially for all sections, there is a problem that it takes considerable time and effort to complete the measurement.
また、岩盤が低透水性の場合には、孔内への地下水の
供給が非常に遅いために、間隙水圧が一定に落ち着くま
でに例えば一昼夜程度の長時間を必要とする。そのため
測定効率が著しく悪くなる。そこで測定効率を上げるべ
く測定時間を短縮しようとすると正しくないみかけの間
隙水圧を基礎にしてデータ解析をせざるをえず計測精度
が著しく悪くなる。In addition, when the bedrock has low water permeability, groundwater supply into the hole is extremely slow, so that it takes a long time, for example, all day and night, until the pore water pressure is settled down to a constant level. For this reason, the measurement efficiency is significantly reduced. Therefore, if an attempt is made to shorten the measurement time in order to increase the measurement efficiency, data analysis must be performed based on an incorrect apparent pore water pressure, and the measurement accuracy is significantly deteriorated.
また、孔内を複数の試験区間に区分けして測定すると
き、一区間のみをパッカーで仕切ると、入口側の区間は
常に大気圧なので、入口側への地下水圧の漏れが発生し
て、真の間隙水圧値より低い値が計測される。In addition, when the measurement is performed by dividing the inside of the hole into a plurality of test sections, if only one section is partitioned by a packer, the section on the entrance side is always at atmospheric pressure, and leakage of groundwater pressure to the entrance side will occur. A value lower than the pore water pressure value is measured.
以上の種々の問題点が、第２図のグラフにおける真の
間隙水圧値27に対するみかけの間隙水圧値28の測定誤差
を発生する要因となっていた。The various problems described above have caused the measurement error of the apparent pore water pressure value 28 with respect to the true pore water pressure value 27 in the graph of FIG.
以上から、真の間隙水圧に近似した値を計測すること
ができる簡単で迅速な孔内透水試験方法の提供が課題と
されていた。From the above, it has been an issue to provide a simple and rapid method for testing the permeability in a hole, which can measure a value close to the true pore water pressure.
また、パッカーで仕切られた一区間に、一定圧力で注
水して透水試験を行う場合には、第２図において矢印で
示すように、隣接する区間への浸透水のまわり込みが生
じるため、注水量が増加し、測定データの信頼性を低下
させる。特に、入口側の隣接空間は大気圧であるので、
浸透水のまわり込みが強く、無視できない。従って、試
験区間の隣接空間は大気圧でないことが望ましく、その
ような透水試験方法の提供が課題とされていた。In addition, when a permeation test is performed by injecting water into one section partitioned by a packer at a constant pressure, as shown by arrows in FIG. The amount of water increases, reducing the reliability of the measured data. In particular, since the adjacent space on the entrance side is at atmospheric pressure,
Infiltration of water is strong and cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is desirable that the space adjacent to the test section is not at atmospheric pressure, and it has been an issue to provide such a permeability test method.
（課題を解決するための手段及び作用） 本発明はかかる課題を解決するものであって、地下坑
道が被圧水帯の中に存在する場合のような、周囲岩盤に
も適用できる多点パッカー式孔内透水試験方法及び該方
法を実施するための試験装置を提供せんとするものであ
る。(Means and Actions for Solving the Problems) The present invention solves such problems, and is a multi-point packer that can be applied to surrounding rock, such as when an underground tunnel exists in a confined water zone. It is an object of the present invention to provide an in-hole water permeability test method and a test apparatus for performing the method.
本発明の多点パッカー式孔内透水試験方法は、ボーリ
ング孔内に３個以上の膨縮自在のパッカーを設置し、該
パッカーを膨張し境壁として孔内を複数の個別区間に仕
切り、該各区間の間隙水圧を測定し、該個別区間のうち
１ケ所を試験区間として、当該試験区間に当該区間の間
隙水圧を越える一定の注水圧力で注水し、そのときの単
位時間当たり注水量を測定し、その注水量から当該試験
区間の透水係数を計測することを特徴とする。In the multi-point packer type permeation test method of the present invention, three or more expandable and contractible packers are installed in a boring hole, and the packer is expanded to partition the inside of the hole into a plurality of individual sections as a boundary wall. Measure the pore water pressure in each section, use one of the individual sections as a test section, inject water into the test section at a constant water injection pressure exceeding the pore water pressure in the section, and measure the amount of water injected per unit time at that time Then, the hydraulic conductivity of the test section is measured from the amount of injected water.
また、本発明の透水試験方法は、１ケ所の試験区間以
外の各個別区間の間隙水圧を常時モニターして、岩盤中
の間隙水圧の変化を把握することで当該試験区間の注水
圧力の設定の常時調整を可能とし、常時調整しながら単
位時間当たりの補正圧力による注水量を測定し、その注
水量から当該試験区間の透水係数を計測することを特徴
とする。Further, the permeability test method of the present invention constantly monitors the pore water pressure of each individual section other than one test section, and grasps the change of the pore water pressure in the rock to determine the setting of the water injection pressure of the test section. Adjustment is always possible, and the amount of water injected by the corrected pressure per unit time is measured while constantly adjusting, and the hydraulic conductivity of the test section is measured from the amount of injected water.
また、本発明の透水試験方法は、ボーリング孔内に３
個以上の膨縮自在のパッカーを設置し、該パッカーを膨
張し境壁として孔内を複数の個別区間に仕切り、各試験
区間の間隙水圧を測定し、各試験区間に対して、当該区
間の間隙水圧を越える一定の注水圧力で注水し、そのと
きの下試験区間の単位時間当たり注水量を測定し、各注
水量から各試験区間の透水係数を同時に計測することを
特徴とする。In addition, the water permeability test method of the present invention has three holes in the borehole.
More than one expandable and contractable packer is installed, the packer is expanded and the inside of the hole is partitioned into a plurality of individual sections as boundary walls, pore water pressure in each test section is measured, and for each test section, Water is injected at a constant injection pressure exceeding the pore water pressure, the amount of water injected per unit time in the lower test section at that time is measured, and the hydraulic conductivity of each test section is simultaneously measured from each amount of injected water.
また、本発明の透水試験方法を実施するための多点パ
ッカー式孔内透水試験装置は、坑道から該各パッカーを
連通して、膨張用の加圧流体を送給する１本の加圧流体
送給ホースと、坑道内の水圧源から各パッカーを通り、
各試験区間内にその注入口を向けて配設された複数本の
注入用ホースとを、備えたことを特徴とする。In addition, a multi-point packer-type in-hole water permeability test apparatus for carrying out the water permeability test method of the present invention includes a single pressurized fluid for supplying a pressurized fluid for expansion by communicating each of the packers from a tunnel. From the feed hose and the water pressure source in the tunnel, through each packer,
And a plurality of injection hoses arranged in each test section with their injection ports directed.
なお、本発明は前記の注入用ホースは間隙水圧測定用
ホースとしても使用できることを特徴とする。The present invention is characterized in that the injection hose can be used as a pore water pressure measurement hose.
また、本発明の多点パッカー式孔内透水試験装置は、
各試験区間の水圧を測定するための水圧センサーを各試
験区間に付設したことを特徴とする。In addition, the multi-point packer-type in-hole water permeability test device of the present invention,
A water pressure sensor for measuring the water pressure in each test section is provided in each test section.
（実施例） 以下、第１図に例示する本発明の説明図に従って、本
発明の多点パッカー式孔内透水試験方法及び当該試験方
法を実施するための孔内透水試験装置を説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, a multipoint packer-type in-hole water permeability test method and an in-hole water permeability test apparatus for performing the test method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the explanatory view of the present invention illustrated in FIG.
図中、１は地下坑道、２はその側壁、３はその周囲岩
盤、４は透水試験用に水平に削孔された10〜30mの長さ
のボーリング孔である。なお、説明を容易とするため、
ボーリング孔４内は拡大図示してある。In the figure, 1 is an underground tunnel, 2 is its side wall, 3 is its surrounding bedrock, and 4 is a boring hole of 10 to 30 m length drilled horizontally for a permeability test. Note that, for ease of explanation,
The inside of the boring hole 4 is enlarged and shown.
５はボーリング孔４内に装着されて使用される本発明
の多点パッカー式孔内透水試験装置であって、４個のゴ
ム等の弾性材料で作られた袋状の膨縮自在のパッカー6,
6,6,6を備え、試験時には該各パッカーを圧縮ガスで膨
張して境壁を作り、孔４内を４箇所の試験区間7,8,9,10
に仕切る。また、孔内透水試験装置５には、各パッカー
6,6,6,6を連結して、坑道１内の圧縮ガス源（図示せ
ず）から該各パッカー6,6,6,6を連通し各パッカーに膨
張用の圧縮ガスを送給する一本の圧縮ガス送給ホース12
と、坑道１内の加圧水源（図示せず）から該各パッカー
を通り、各試験区間7,8,9,10内にその注入口15を向けて
配設された４本の注水用兼間隙水圧測定用ホース14とが
備えられる。また各注水用兼間隙水圧測定用ホース14と
加圧水源との間には、圧力調整弁、水圧計、流量計（い
ずれも図示せず）が設けられ、各ホース14は各試験区間
7,8,9,10に対する注水用と各試験区間内の間隙水圧の測
定用とに兼用される。Reference numeral 5 denotes a multi-point packer type in-hole water permeability test device of the present invention which is used by being mounted in the borehole 4, and is a bag-shaped inflatable and inflatable packer made of four elastic materials such as rubber. ,
At the time of testing, each packer is expanded with compressed gas to form a boundary wall, and four test sections 7, 8, 9, 10 are formed in the hole 4.
Partition. Each of the packers has
6,6,6,6 are connected to communicate with each of the packers 6,6,6,6 from a compressed gas source (not shown) in the tunnel 1, and supply compressed gas for expansion to each packer. One compressed gas supply hose 12
And four water injection / gap arranged from the pressurized water source (not shown) in the tunnel 1 through the respective packers and into the test sections 7, 8, 9, 10 with their inlets 15 facing. A water pressure measuring hose 14 is provided. A pressure regulating valve, a water pressure gauge, and a flow meter (all not shown) are provided between each water injection / pore water pressure measurement hose 14 and the pressurized water source.
It is also used for water injection to 7,8,9,10 and for measurement of pore water pressure in each test section.
次に本発明の孔内透水試験方法の実施手順を説明す
る。先ず、第１図に示すように、ボーリング孔４内へ孔
内試験装置５を装入する。本発明では同時に全試験区間
7,8,9,10の透水係数を計測することを特徴とするから、
孔４の入口16から孔奥17までの全長の均等位置にパッカ
ー6,6,6,6を設置する。なおパッカー6,6間の距離は、0.
5〜5mが望ましい。Next, the procedure for implementing the method for testing water permeability in a hole according to the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, an in-hole test device 5 is inserted into the borehole 4. In the present invention, all test sections are
Because it is characterized by measuring the hydraulic conductivity of 7, 8, 9, 10
Packers 6,6,6,6 are installed at equal positions along the entire length from the entrance 16 of the hole 4 to the depth 17 of the hole. The distance between packers 6, 6 is 0.
5 to 5 m is desirable.
次に圧縮ガス源を開き、圧縮ガスをパッカー6,6,6,6
に送給して各パッカーを膨張し、境壁を作って孔４内を
４個所の試験区間7,8,9,10に仕切る。次いで、地下水を
試験区間内に充満させた後、数時間から１〜２日間放置
して、各試験区間の間隙水圧を各ホース14を介して水圧
計で測定する。Next, open the compressed gas source and pour the compressed gas into the packer 6,6,6,6
, Each packer is inflated, and a boundary wall is formed to partition the inside of the hole 4 into four test sections 7, 8, 9, and 10. Next, after the test section is filled with groundwater, the test section is left for several hours to 1 to 2 days, and the pore water pressure in each test section is measured by a water pressure gauge through each hose 14.
なお、パッカー膨張用に圧縮ガスに代えて加圧水、加
圧油等の各種加圧流体を用いてもよい。Note that various pressurized fluids such as pressurized water and pressurized oil may be used instead of the compressed gas for packer expansion.
本発明ではまず、浸出地下水の間隙水圧を全試験区間
7,8,9,10で同時に測定するために、従来方法のように隣
接する入口側の試験区間が大気圧状態ではなく、従って
隣接区間との間に大きな圧力差がなく、かつ大気圧側に
対する強い浸透水のまわり込み現象も発生せず、真の間
隙水圧値に近似した測定が可能となる。本発明方法によ
れば第１図の測定グラフに見られるごとく、真の間隙水
圧値18に対して測定上の間隙水圧値19は誤差の少ないも
のとなる。In the present invention, first, the pore water pressure of the leached groundwater
Since simultaneous measurement is performed at 7, 8, 9, and 10, the adjacent test section on the inlet side is not at atmospheric pressure as in the conventional method, so there is no large pressure difference between the adjacent section and the atmospheric pressure side. A strong osmotic water spillover phenomenon does not occur, and a measurement close to the true pore water pressure value can be performed. According to the method of the present invention, the measured pore water pressure value 19 has a smaller error than the true pore water pressure value 18, as can be seen from the measurement graph of FIG.
本発明においては次いで全試験区間7,8,9,10の間隙水
圧値を越える一定圧力で、各試験区間に対し、各ホース
14を介して加圧注水する。各ホース14は各区間の専用と
なっているので、個々の区間又は全区間に対して任意に
注水可能である。給水圧力は圧力調整弁により設定す
る。注水量は流量計に指示され、タイマーにより注水の
時間を測定して、注水量と注水時間を測定する。ここ
で、透水係数ｋ（cm/sec）の計算は次式のように行なわ
れる。Next, in the present invention, for each test section at a constant pressure exceeding the pore water pressure value of all test sections 7, 8, 9 and 10,
Water pressurized via 14. Since each hose 14 is dedicated to each section, water can be arbitrarily injected into each section or all sections. The water supply pressure is set by a pressure regulating valve. The amount of water injection is instructed by the flow meter, the time of water injection is measured by a timer, and the amount of water injection and the time of water injection are measured. Here, the calculation of the permeability coefficient k (cm / sec) is performed as in the following equation.
但し、Ｑ……ボーリング孔への単位時間当たり注入量
（cm3/sec） Ｈ……注水圧力（kgf/cm2） Ｌ……試験区間の長さ（cm） ｒ……ボーリング孔の半径（cm） なお、パッカーに送給するガス圧力は前記の注入圧力
以上になるよう調整する。 However, Q: Injection amount per unit time into the boring hole (cm 3 / sec) H: Water injection pressure (kgf / cm 2 ) L: Length of test section (cm) r: Radius of boring hole ( cm) The pressure of the gas supplied to the packer is adjusted to be equal to or higher than the above-mentioned injection pressure.
また周囲岩盤３の層質が不均一であったり、隣接区間
への浸透水のまわり込みが強かったり、雨期のため間隙
水圧の変動が予想される場合は、間隙水圧を常時モニタ
ーして、注水圧力の設定を調整することが望ましい。In addition, when the bedrock of the surrounding bedrock 3 is not uniform, the penetration of infiltration water into the adjacent section is strong, or the fluctuation of pore water pressure is expected due to the rainy season, the pore water pressure is constantly monitored and water is injected. It is desirable to adjust the pressure setting.
また各試験区間7,8,9,10内にそれぞれ水圧センサーを
付設して、直接に水圧を測定することもでき、簡便かつ
高精度な測定を可能とする。In addition, a water pressure sensor can be provided in each of the test sections 7, 8, 9, and 10 to measure the water pressure directly, thereby enabling simple and highly accurate measurement.
（発明の効果） 本発明の孔内透水試験方法及び試験装置は前述の構成
及び作用を有するので、以下の通りに種々の効果を奏す
ることができる。(Effects of the Invention) Since the method and apparatus for testing water permeability in a hole according to the present invention have the above-described configuration and operation, various effects can be obtained as follows.
（１）本発明では、ボーリング孔内の全試験区間に一括
して注水し、透水試験を実施するので、従来法のような
各区間を順次パッカーを移動して測定してゆく方式に較
べ、パッカーの膨縮のくり返しを要すセットのし直しを
必要とせず、手順が簡単になり、かつ試験時間の大幅な
短縮が可能となった。特に、間隙水圧が落ち着くまでに
長時間を必要とする周囲岩盤に対しては、測定効率を著
しく向上させることができる。(1) In the present invention, water is injected into all the test sections in the borehole in a lump and the water permeability test is performed. Therefore, compared with the conventional method in which the packer is sequentially moved and measured in each section as in the conventional method, This eliminates the need for re-setting the packer that requires repeated packer expansion and contraction, simplifies the procedure, and enables a significant reduction in test time. In particular, the measurement efficiency can be remarkably improved for the surrounding rock that requires a long time until the pore water pressure is settled.
（２）本発明では、１ケ所の試験区間以外の各個別区間
の間隙水圧を常時モニターすることにより、浸透水のま
わり込みの程度をチェックできると共に、その試験区間
に対する注水圧力を調整することによって、試験データ
の測定精度を著しく向上させることができると共に、当
該区間への注水を開始した時点から後に、注入水等の影
響によって周囲の間隙水圧が変化しても正確な計測を可
能にする。(2) In the present invention, by monitoring the pore water pressure of each individual section other than one test section at all times, the degree of penetration of permeated water can be checked, and the injection pressure for the test section can be adjusted. In addition, the measurement accuracy of the test data can be significantly improved, and accurate measurement can be performed even when the surrounding pore water pressure changes due to the influence of injected water or the like after the start of water injection into the section.
（３）本発明では、隣接区間への浸透水のまわり込みの
激しい地盤の場合は、各区間別に注水圧力を調整設定す
ることにより、浸透水のまわり込みの影響を防止できる
から、注水量の測定精度を良くし、透水係数の計測精度
を著しく向上させることができる。(3) In the present invention, in the case of the ground where infiltration of the seepage water to the adjacent section is severe, the influence of the infiltration of the seepage water can be prevented by adjusting and setting the injection pressure for each section. The measurement accuracy can be improved, and the measurement accuracy of the hydraulic conductivity can be significantly improved.
（４）本発明では、各試験区間に対する間隙水圧測定用
のホースと、注水用のホースを共通にすることにより試
験装置を簡易化し、取り扱いを楽にすることが可能とな
る。(4) In the present invention, the hose for measuring pore water pressure and the hose for pouring water for each test section are commonly used, thereby simplifying the test apparatus and facilitating handling.
（５）本発明では、各試験区間に水圧センサーを付設す
ることにより、各試験区間の間隙水圧値、注水圧力を簡
便かつ高精度に測定できる。(5) In the present invention, by providing a water pressure sensor in each test section, the pore water pressure value and the injection pressure in each test section can be measured simply and with high accuracy.
（６）本発明では、多点パッカー式であるので、第１図
のグラフに示すように、真の間隙水圧値に近い測定が可
能となり、透水係数の計測精度を著しく向上させること
ができる。(6) In the present invention, since it is a multi-point packer type, as shown in the graph of FIG. 1, a measurement close to a true pore water pressure value can be performed, and the measurement accuracy of the hydraulic conductivity can be significantly improved.
第１図は本発明に係る多点パッカー式孔内透水試験方法
及び試験装置の説明図、第２図は従来の孔内透水試験方
法及び試験装置の説明図、第３図は被圧水帯の中に存在
する地下坑道における、間隙水圧の分布状態を示す説明
図である。 図中、 １……地下坑道、２……その側壁、３……その周囲岩
盤、４……透水試験用のボーリング孔、 ５……本発明の多点パッカー式孔内透水試験装置、 ６……パッカー、7,8,9,10……試験区間、 12……圧縮ガス送給ホース、14……注水用兼間隙水圧測
定用ホース、15……注入口。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a multipoint packer type permeation test method and test apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a conventional permeation test method and test apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a pressurized water zone. It is explanatory drawing which shows the distribution state of the pore water pressure in the underground tunnel which exists in. In the figure, 1 ... underground tunnel, 2 ... side wall, 3 ... rock rock around it, 4 ... boring hole for permeability test, 5 ... multipoint packer type in-hole permeability test apparatus of the present invention, 6 ... ... Packer, 7,8,9,10 ... Test section, 12 ... Compressed gas supply hose, 14 ... Hose for water injection and pore water pressure measurement, 15 ... Inlet.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平３−161609（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−55310（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) E02D 1/00 E21B 33/12 G01L 27/00────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-161609 (JP, A) JP-A-3-55310 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) E02D 1/00 E21B 33/12 G01L 27/00
Claims (6)
行う孔内透水試験において、該孔内に３個以上の膨縮自
在のパッカーを設置し、該パッカーを膨張し境壁として
孔内を複数の個別区間に仕切り、該各個別区間の間隙水
圧を測定し、該個別区間のうち１ケ所を試験区間とし
て、当該試験区間に当該区間の間隙水圧を越える一定の
注水圧力で注水し、そのときの単位時間当たり注水量を
測定し、その注水量から当該試験区間の透水係数を計測
することを特徴とした多点パッカー式孔内透水試験方
法。In a borehole water permeability test performed by drilling a borehole in a side wall of an underground tunnel, three or more expandable and contractable packers are installed in the borehole, and the packer is expanded to serve as a boundary wall. Is divided into a plurality of individual sections, the pore water pressure of each of the individual sections is measured, and one of the individual sections is set as a test section, and water is injected into the test section at a constant water injection pressure exceeding the pore water pressure of the section. A multipoint packer-type in-hole water permeability test method, comprising measuring a water injection amount per unit time at that time, and measuring a water permeability coefficient of the test section from the water injection amount.
法において、１ケ所の試験区間以外の各個別区間の間隙
水圧を常時モニターして、岩盤中の間隙水圧の変化を把
握することで、当該試験区間の注水圧力の設定の常時調
整を可能とし、常時調整をしながら単位時間当たりの調
整圧力による注水量を測定し、その注水量から当該試験
区間の透水係数を計測することを特徴とした多点パッカ
ー式孔内透水試験方法。2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pore water pressure in each individual section other than one test section is constantly monitored to grasp a change in pore water pressure in the rock. Therefore, it is possible to constantly adjust the water injection pressure setting of the test section, measure the water injection amount by the adjusted pressure per unit time while constantly adjusting, and measure the hydraulic conductivity of the test section from the water injection amount. Characteristic multi-point packer type in-hole water permeability test method.
行う孔内透水試験において、該孔内に３個以上の膨縮自
在のパッカーを設置し、該パッカーを膨張し境壁として
孔内を複数の試験区間に仕切り、各試験区間の間隙水圧
を測定し、各試験区間に対して、当該区間の間隙水圧を
越える一定の注水圧力で注水し、そのときの各試験区間
の単位時間当たり注水量を測定し、各注水量から全試験
区間の透水係数を同時に計測することを特徴とした多点
パッカー式孔内試験方法。3. In a borehole water permeability test performed by drilling a borehole in a side wall of an underground tunnel, three or more expandable and contractable packers are installed in the borehole, and the packer is expanded to serve as a boundary wall. Is divided into a plurality of test sections, the pore water pressure in each test section is measured, and water is injected into each test section at a constant water injection pressure exceeding the pore water pressure in the section, and the unit time of each test section at that time A multi-point packer type in-hole test method characterized by measuring the amount of water injected per hole and simultaneously measuring the hydraulic conductivity of all test sections from each amount of injected water.
に挿入される３個以上の膨縮自在のパッカーと、坑道内
の加圧流体源から該各パッカーに加圧流体を送給する加
圧流体送給ホースと、坑道内の加圧水源から該各パッカ
ーを通り各試験区間内にその注入口を向けて配設された
複数本の注水用ホースとを備えたことを特徴とする多点
パッカー式孔内透水試験装置。4. A packer having at least three expandable and contractible inserters inserted into boring holes cut into a side wall of an underground tunnel, and pressurized fluid is supplied to each of the packers from a pressurized fluid source in the tunnel. A pressure fluid supply hose, and a plurality of water injection hoses arranged from the pressurized water source in the gallery, through the respective packers, and into the respective test sections with their inlets directed. Point packer type in-hole water permeability test device.
おいて、複数本の注水用ホースが、間隙水圧測定用ホー
スを兼ねるものであることを特徴とする多点パッカー式
孔内透水試験装置。5. The multi-point packer type water permeability test apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of water injection hoses also serve as pore water pressure measurement hoses. .
装置において、 各試験区間の水圧を測定するための水圧センサーを各試
験区間に付設したことを特徴とする多点パッカー式孔内
透水試験装置。6. A multi-point packer type perforation test apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a water pressure sensor for measuring a water pressure in each test section is attached to each test section. Permeability test equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3845990A JP2804995B2 (en) | 1990-02-21 | 1990-02-21 | Multi-point packer type permeation test method and test equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3845990A JP2804995B2 (en) | 1990-02-21 | 1990-02-21 | Multi-point packer type permeation test method and test equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03244707A JPH03244707A (en) | 1991-10-31 |
| JP2804995B2 true JP2804995B2 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=12525842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3845990A Expired - Lifetime JP2804995B2 (en) | 1990-02-21 | 1990-02-21 | Multi-point packer type permeation test method and test equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2804995B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009052328A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-03-12 | Ohbayashi Corp | In-hole permeability coefficient measuring device and method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104499474B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-08-17 | 同济大学 | A kind of folding blade-type multipoint displacement meter anchor head |
| CN108106687B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2023-05-26 | 济南大学 | Method for exploring bedrock underground water flow net containing soft interlayer and double-capsule water stopper |
| CN109556764B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2024-04-09 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Measurement and control device of ground stress measurement system |
| CN112414915B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-07-29 | 山东大学 | Test system and method for simulating tunnel excavation seepage change under complex geological conditions |
| CN116105946A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-12 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Drilling high-pressure air compression test device and test method |
-
1990
- 1990-02-21 JP JP3845990A patent/JP2804995B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009052328A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2009-03-12 | Ohbayashi Corp | In-hole permeability coefficient measuring device and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03244707A (en) | 1991-10-31 |
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