JP2769941B2 - How to build the basement of the building - Google Patents
How to build the basement of the buildingInfo
- Publication number
- JP2769941B2 JP2769941B2 JP3305982A JP30598291A JP2769941B2 JP 2769941 B2 JP2769941 B2 JP 2769941B2 JP 3305982 A JP3305982 A JP 3305982A JP 30598291 A JP30598291 A JP 30598291A JP 2769941 B2 JP2769941 B2 JP 2769941B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- floor
- ground
- underground
- building
- constructing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は逆打工法による建築物地
下部の構築方法に係るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a basement of a building by a reverse driving method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図１３乃至図１５は従来の逆打ち工法の
工程を示し、止水、土留め用のシートパイルａを打込
み、アースドリルによる穿孔部に仮支柱ｂを挿入したの
ち、根巻きコンクリートを打設し、山砂ｃを埋戻し、第
１次掘削ｄを施し、地下２階床より少し下まで深礎ｅを
掘削し、地下鉄骨柱ｆの長さ分だけ仮支柱を切断する。
（図１３参照）次いで地下１階の鉄骨柱及び梁ｈを構築
し、１階床梁コンクリートｉを打設し、鉄骨柱にブラケ
ツトを取付け、Ｈ鋼の切梁兼逆打ち用ステージガーダｊ
を設置し、第２次掘削ｋを深礎底部まで施す。次いで地
下１階梁ｌ及び側柱を構築する。（第１４図参照）次い
で地下１階床梁コンクリートｍを打設し、以下地下２階
床梁コンクリート打設まで前記の工程を反覆し、最終掘
削ｎを底盤まで施し、最下階と基礎ｔを構築し、前記地
下躯体工事と平行して地上階鉄骨建方を行なう。（図１
５参照）なお前記従来例においては、地下構造として鉄
骨鉄筋コンクリート造の例を示しているが鉄筋コンクリ
ート造として仮支柱のみ配設する場合もある。2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 13 to 15 show the steps of a conventional reverse striking method, in which a sheet pile a for waterproofing and soil retaining is driven in, a temporary support b is inserted into a perforated portion by an earth drill, and then a root winding. Cast concrete, backfill mountain sand c, perform primary excavation d, excavate deep foundation e slightly below the second basement floor, and cut temporary columns by the length of subway column f .
(Refer to FIG. 13) Next, a steel column and a beam h on the first basement floor are constructed, a first-floor floor beam concrete i is cast, a bracket is attached to the steel column, and a H-steel cutting beam and a counter striking stage girder j.
And the second excavation k is performed to the bottom of the deep foundation. Next, the first basement beam 1 and side pillars are constructed. (Refer to FIG. 14) Next, concrete m on the first floor under the ground is cast, and the above steps are repeated until concrete on the floor under the second floor is cast. And construct a steel frame on the ground floor in parallel with the underground skeleton work. (Figure 1
5) In the above-mentioned conventional example, an example of a steel-framed reinforced concrete structure is shown as an underground structure. However, only temporary columns may be provided as a reinforced concrete structure.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記従来の逆打工法は
作業者にとっては非常に厳しい作業空間となるため機械
による自動又は半自動の施工の導入を考えると次のよう
な問題点がある。 イ）地下の掘削を自動機械で行う方法では掘削機械が非
常に大型となり、土木工事のようなケーソン内の工事と
は違って従来の建築工事における逆打ち工法のように仮
支柱が林立した場所での施工は掘削機械の機動性に欠け
るので不適当である。 ロ）従来の掘削機械（ユンボ・ドーザーショベル・クラ
ムシエル等）ではオペレターにより操作されるもので自
動化がしにくい。 ハ）建物周囲の土留の壁の土圧を支持するための切り梁
兼用逆打ち用ステージの設置は、狭隘な空間で重量物を
取り扱うために非常に困難であり、作業空間としても支
障となる。 ニ）仮支柱又は土留め壁に付着した土は人が一つ一つか
き落している。 ホ）地下階は太物鉄筋の配筋が多く大量の長尺重量物の
搬送の効率的方法が乏しい。 ヘ）掘削機械の動力は内燃機械のものが多く排気ガス対
策が容易でない。The conventional reverse hitting method has a very severe work space for an operator, and therefore has the following problems in view of the introduction of automatic or semi-automatic construction by a machine. B) When the underground excavation is performed by an automatic machine, the excavation machine becomes extremely large and, unlike the construction in a caisson such as civil engineering, the place where temporary columns are established as in the conventional construction method, Is not suitable because of lack of mobility of the excavator. B) Conventional excavating machines (eg, Yumbo, Dozer excavator, clamshell) are operated by operators and are difficult to automate. C) The installation of a stage that also works as a girder and backlash to support the earth pressure of the earth retaining wall around the building is very difficult because it handles heavy objects in a narrow space, and it also hinders the work space . D) The soil attached to the temporary columns or retaining walls has been scraped off by individuals. E) The basement floor has a large number of thick steel reinforcements, and the efficient method of transporting a large amount of long heavy goods is poor. F) The power of excavating machines is mostly internal combustion machines, and it is not easy to take measures against exhaust gas.
【０００４】本発明は前記従来技術の有する問題点に鑑
みて提案されたもので、その目的とする処は、作業性が
優れ、施工精度が向上し、省力化と作業環境を改善し公
害の発生を防止する逆打工法による建築物地下部の自動
化された構築方法を提供する点にある。The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to improve workability, improve construction accuracy, save labor, improve work environment, and reduce pollution. An object of the present invention is to provide an automated construction method of a basement of a building by a reverse striking method for preventing occurrence.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記の目的を達成するた
め、本発明に係る建築物地下部の構築方法によれば、逆
打ち工法による建築物の地下部の構築方法において、地
盤頂部を型枠及び支保工として使用して下面に作業機械
走行用レールを設置した梁と床版とからなる頂部床面構
造体を構築するとともに、同床面構造体に土圧支持水平
構面を兼用せしめ、次いで前記レールに走行自在に懸吊
された天井走行型の作業機械によって、前記床面構造体
下部の地盤を掘削して、下階の土圧水平支持構面を兼用
する床面構造体を構築するとともに、建物地下構造体を
構築し、以下前記の工程を反覆して複数階の構築を行う
ものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the method of constructing an underground part of a building according to the present invention, in the method of constructing an underground part of a building by a reverse beating method, the top of the ground is formed with a mold. Construct a top floor structure consisting of beams and floor slabs with work machine running rails installed on the lower surface used as frames and supports, and make the floor structure also serve as earth pressure supporting horizontal structure Next, the ground below the floor structure is excavated by a ceiling traveling type working machine suspended freely on the rail, and the floor structure also serving as the earth pressure horizontal support structure surface on the lower floor is excavated. Along with the construction, a building underground structure is constructed, and the above steps are repeated to construct a plurality of floors.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明によれば前記したように、地盤頂部を型
枠及び支保工として利用し、下面に作業機械走行用レー
ルを設置した梁と床版からなる頂部床面構造体を構築
し、同構造体によって土圧を支持し、同構造体の下部を
掘削して下階の床面構造体を構築する。According to the present invention, as described above, the top of the ground is used as a formwork and a shoring, and a top floor structure composed of beams and floor slabs on which work machine traveling rails are installed on the lower surface is constructed. The structure supports the earth pressure, and the lower part of the structure is excavated to construct a lower floor structure.
【０００７】この際、前記床面構造体下面のレールが地
盤の掘削以前に設置されるので、同レールに走行自在に
懸架される天井走行型の作業機械の使用が可能となり、
高精度の掘削建物地下構造体の構築が可能となり、掘削
土の搬出が効率的に行なわれ、前記作業機械を電気的に
駆動することによって、地下の作業環境が改善されて公
害の発生を防止しうるものである。[0007] At this time, since the rails on the lower surface of the floor structure are installed before excavation of the ground, it is possible to use an overhead traveling type working machine suspended freely on the rails.
The construction of a high-precision excavated building underground structure becomes possible, the removal of excavated soil is carried out efficiently, and the work machine is electrically driven to improve the underground working environment and prevent the occurrence of pollution. It is possible.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下本発明を図示の実施例について説明す
る。地下工事に先立って、地下構築物の外周面に山留工
事を必要深さまで施工する（図１参照）。次に建物の自
重を支持地盤へ伝達する杭２を構築し、同杭２の上部に
施工中の建物自重を支えるＨ型鋼等による構真柱３を立
設する。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. Prior to underground construction, pier construction is performed to the required depth on the outer peripheral surface of the underground structure (see Fig. 1). Next, a pile 2 for transmitting the own weight of the building to the supporting ground is constructed, and a straight pillar 3 made of H-shaped steel or the like that supports the own weight of the building under construction is erected above the pile 2.
【０００９】以上はいずれも従来工法によって施工さ
れ、地上躯体と地下逆打工法における鉛直荷重支持用の
工事が完了する。なお５は施工場所の地盤である。次に
図２及び図１１並に図１２において、前記基礎部分の工
事を完了して平地となった敷地の地盤５を従来土工機械
又は後記する作業機械により建物１階部分の床版６、梁
７、鉄骨柱脚８及び梁下に装架されるホイストレール９
を設置するのに必要な空間を掘削する。この時掘削地盤
の表面はコンクリート用型枠及びレール設置用床面とし
ては凹凸が大きいので、捨てコンクリート１０を必要な
部分に打設し精度を保持する。また梁７部分の垂直面に
は高強度コンクリート板等による型枠１１を設置する。
更にホイストレール９の上部は空間となるので前記同様
のコンクリート板等の型枠１２を設置して同空間を封塞
する。ホイストレール９及びそのアンカー１５と梁７、
床版６の各鉄筋１３，１４とを同時に設置しコンクリー
トＣの打設を行い１階部分の床面構造体Ｓの施工を完了
する。図１２中、ｐの範囲は梁７の底面の型枠としての
捨コンクリート、ｑの範囲は同じく高強度コンクリート
板等による型枠を表わす。All of the above are carried out by the conventional method, and the work for supporting the vertical load in the above-ground structure and the underground reverse driving method is completed. 5 is the ground at the construction site. Next, in FIG. 2 and FIG. 11, as well as in FIG. 12, the ground 5 of the site, which has been completed on the level ground after the construction of the foundation portion has been completed, is converted into a floor slab 6 and a beam on the first floor of the building by a conventional earth-moving machine or a working machine described later. 7. Steel column base 8 and hoist rail 9 mounted below the beam
Excavate the space required to install At this time, since the surface of the excavated ground has large irregularities as the concrete formwork and the floor for rail installation, the discarded concrete 10 is poured into a necessary portion to maintain accuracy. A formwork 11 made of a high-strength concrete plate or the like is provided on a vertical surface of the beam 7.
Further, since the upper part of the hoist rail 9 is a space, a formwork 12 such as a concrete plate similar to that described above is installed and the space is closed. Hoist rail 9 and its anchor 15 and beam 7,
The rebars 13 and 14 of the floor slab 6 are installed at the same time, and concrete C is cast to complete the construction of the floor structure S on the first floor. In FIG. 12, the range of p represents a discarded concrete as a formwork on the bottom surface of the beam 7, and the range of q represents a formwork of a high-strength concrete plate or the like.
【００１０】次に図３に示すように地上部分の工事を行
う。柱脚８の上に地上構造の柱１６を接合し、本出願人
の提案に係る特願平３−４３３８１号（発明の名称「建
築物の構築方法」）の構築方法により、最終的に最上階
の構造体となる仮設ステージＫの下面に配設されたホイ
ストレール１７に走行自在に懸架された各種作業機械１
８によって地上構造の梁１９、及び地下作業用仮設フレ
ーム２０を構築する。更にこの仮設フレーム２０で一連
の作業を行う、ホイスト２１、クラムシエル２２、ベル
トコンベヤー２３等の排土機器の設置も作業機械１８が
行う。以上説明したように地上部分の構築は前記仮設ス
テージＫを順次上昇させながら、工事を進行させる。
（図４参照） 地下部分工事は図４のように１階の床面構造体Ｓの一部
分に地下工事用開口部２４を設け、先ずクラムシエル２
２等により地盤５を掘削し、クラムシエル２２を巻き上
げホイストを２１′の位置に走行させクラムシエルを２
２′に示すように開放してホツパー２５に掘削土５を排
出する。この排土をベルトコンベアー２３でトラツク２
６に積載し、場外へ運搬する。この作業を繰り返えし行
い図５のように地下地盤掘削機２７が入る大きさまで地
盤５が掘削排土されると、仮設フレーム２０に補完レー
ル２８を介し、ベースマシン２９に装着した掘削機２７
を懸架し、開口部２４の直上より降下させ図６のように
１階床面構造体Ｓの梁下に予め装架されているホイスト
レール９に補完レール２８を嵌合し、同補完レール２８
よりホイストレール９にベースマシン２９上の掘削機２
７を走行し、水平方向地盤５を掘削する。[0010] Next, as shown in FIG. The pillar 16 having the above-ground structure is joined to the pillar base 8, and finally the uppermost is formed by the construction method of Japanese Patent Application No. 3-43381 (the title of the invention, “Building Method of Building”) proposed by the present applicant. Various work machines 1 movably suspended on a hoist rail 17 disposed on the lower surface of a temporary stage K serving as a floor structure.
8 constructs a beam 19 having a ground structure and a temporary frame 20 for underground work. Further, the work machine 18 also performs installation of the earth removal equipment such as the hoist 21, the clam shell 22, and the belt conveyor 23 for performing a series of operations with the temporary frame 20. As described above, the construction of the above-ground portion proceeds while the temporary stage K is sequentially raised.
(See FIG. 4) In the underground partial construction, as shown in FIG. 4, an opening 24 for underground construction is provided in a part of the floor structure S on the first floor.
The ground 5 is excavated by 2 or the like, the clam shell 22 is hoisted, the hoist is moved to the position 21 ', and the clam shell is
The excavated soil 5 is discharged to the hopper 25 by opening as shown in 2 '. This unloading is tracked by belt conveyor 23 for track 2
6 and transported out of the site. This operation is repeated, and when the ground 5 is excavated and discharged to a size that allows the underground excavator 27 to enter as shown in FIG. 5, the excavator mounted on the base machine 29 via the complementary rail 28 on the temporary frame 20. 27
Is suspended from above the opening 24, and the complementary rail 28 is fitted to the hoist rail 9 previously mounted below the beam of the first floor structure S as shown in FIG.
Excavator 2 on base machine 29 to hoist rail 9
7 to excavate the horizontal ground 5.
【００１１】前記補完レール２８は本出願人の提案に係
る特願平３−１６１４１４号（発明の名称「建築工事に
おける資材搬送装置」）に開示された方法により任意の
階でレール、トロリー線、信号線等を接合し図９におけ
る地下１階天井のホイストレール９及びその下階の地下
２階天井のホイストレール３４更に下階へ行っても夫々
必要な階で補完レール２８を嵌合し、図示せめ係止具に
より錠止固定し掘削機２７を任意の階で走行及び作業が
できるようになっている。なお２９は各種作業を行うベ
ースマシンでホイストレール９に走行自在に懸架されそ
の先端に掘削機２７がつけられている。この先端部材を
交換することにより各種作業を行わせることができる。
このベースマシン２９はホイストレール９に沿って走行
して、Ｘ，Ｙ方向のコントロールを行い、更に、ベース
マシン２９自身の腕により、Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚの３方向を精度
よくコントロールするので、各種作業を高精度で施工す
ることができる。The above-mentioned complementary rail 28 can be provided on any floor at any floor by a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-161414 (the title of the invention, "material transport device in construction work") proposed by the present applicant. Signal lines and the like are joined, and the hoist rail 9 on the first basement ceiling in FIG. 9 and the hoist rail 34 on the second basement floor below that, and even when going to the lower floor, the complementary rails 28 are fitted at the required floors, respectively. The excavator 27 can travel and work on an arbitrary floor by being locked and fixed by an illustrated locking tool. Reference numeral 29 denotes a base machine for performing various operations, which is hung freely on the hoist rail 9 and has an excavator 27 attached to its tip. Various operations can be performed by replacing the tip member.
The base machine 29 travels along the hoist rail 9 to control in the X and Y directions. Further, the arm of the base machine 29 controls the three directions of X, Y and Z with high accuracy. Work can be performed with high accuracy.
【００１２】水平方向の掘削は図７、図８に示すように
掘削機２７はベースマシン２９の作動により地盤５を掘
削して掘削土砂３１を下部に堆積させる。同土砂３１の
水平方向の搬送は土砂運搬車３２によって行い、１階の
床面構造体Ｓの開口部２４の直下のクラムシエル２２で
掘削土砂３１を吊り上げ可能な位置へ搬送する。このよ
うに掘削機２７により掘削された掘削土砂３１を、これ
を土砂運搬車３２によりクラムシエル２２で掴持できる
所まで集積してクラムシエル２２で垂直方向の吊り出し
を行い、ホツパー２５とベルトコンベヤー２３でダンプ
トラツク２６に積載し場外へ搬出する一連の作業を繰り
返して一層分の掘削を行う。このように比較的機械自重
が小さく精度を必要とする掘削機２７を天井吊りの構造
とし、重量の大きい単純な往復運動による前記土砂３１
運搬は地盤５上を土砂運搬車３２が走行する方式で夫々
を分離して、建物構造の建設時、仮設用荷重のための構
造変更を軽減又は不要とすることができるようにし、経
済的に大きく貢献する。For excavation in the horizontal direction, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the excavator 27 excavates the ground 5 by the operation of the base machine 29 and deposits excavated earth and sand 31 at the lower part. The earth and sand 31 is conveyed in the horizontal direction by an earth and sand carrier 32, and is conveyed to a position where the excavated earth and sand 31 can be lifted by the clam shell 22 immediately below the opening 24 of the floor structure S on the first floor. The excavated earth and sand 31 excavated by the excavator 27 is accumulated by the earth and sand carrier 32 to a place where it can be gripped by the clam shell 22, vertically suspended by the clam shell 22, and hopper 25 and the belt conveyor 23. A series of operations for loading on the dump truck 26 and carrying it out of the site are repeated to excavate one layer. As described above, the excavator 27 having a relatively small mechanical weight and requiring high accuracy is constructed as a ceiling-suspended structure, and the earth and sand 31 by a simple reciprocating motion having a large weight.
The transportation is separated by a method in which the earth and sand transport vehicle 32 travels on the ground 5, so that the structural change for the temporary load can be reduced or made unnecessary during the construction of the building structure, so that it is economical. Contribute greatly.
【００１３】同時に天井吊りの掘削機２７及び土砂運搬
車３２を電動化することにより、作業環境の改善と騒音
対策上有効である。地下掘削中は建物上部構造の自重、
その他荷重は構真柱３が支持し敷地外の水圧及び湧水は
地中連続壁１が安全に支持し湧水を押えている。また、
掘削による地中連続壁１への土圧の影響は１階にすでに
床面構造体Ｓが完成しているので、この床面構造体Ｓに
荷重が伝達され、地中連続壁１の荷重スパンは地下１階
の階高分のみとなり経済的に安全性の確保ができる。At the same time, by electrically driving the excavator 27 and the earth-and-sand carrier 32 suspended from the ceiling, it is effective in improving the working environment and reducing noise. During underground excavation, the weight of the building superstructure,
Other loads are supported by the trussed pillars 3, and water pressure and spring water outside the premises are safely supported by the underground continuous wall 1 and hold down the spring water. Also,
The influence of the earth pressure on the underground continuous wall 1 due to the excavation is such that the load is transmitted to the underground continuous wall 1 because the floor structure S has already been completed on the first floor. Is only the height of the first basement floor, and can be economically secured.
【００１４】次に地下１階の床面構造体Ｓ′の構築は前
記１階の床面構造体Ｓの構築に準じて行うもので、その
作業は１階床構造Ｓの下のホイストレール９に走行自在
に懸架されたベースマシン２９の先端に各種作業機械３
３を着脱し、マシニングセセンター的な機能を活用して
図１１，１２に示すとおり構築する。即ち地盤５をコン
クリート用型枠と支保工の代用をさせるための同地盤５
の掘削、排土、ホイストレール３４の設置し、捨てコン
クリート１０の打設、均らし、作業セメント系型枠１１
の設置、鉄筋１３，１４の配筋、コンクリートＣの打
設、均らし作業を行う。Next, the construction of the floor structure S 'on the first basement floor is performed in accordance with the construction of the floor structure S on the first floor, and the work is performed by the hoist rail 9 below the first floor structure S. Various working machines 3 are attached to the tip of a base machine 29 suspended so that it can run freely.
3 is attached and detached, and a function is used as shown in FIGS. That is, the ground 5 is used as a substitute for a concrete formwork and a shoring work.
Excavation, earth removal, installation of hoist rails 34, casting and leveling of discarded concrete 10, work cement-based formwork 11
Installation, reinforcement of the reinforcing bars 13 and 14, placement of concrete C, and leveling work.
【００１５】更に天井、壁、床等の内装工事建築設備の
工事も各種作業機械３３により行う。更にまた下階の工
事は前記したように、補完レール２８が任意の階で係止
具により錠止固定できるので、地下１階と全く同じ方法
で一層づつ固めながら下階へと構築し、図１０のように
杭２に建物の基礎３５と最下階を構築して構造体が完成
する。次に、土工事用のクラムシエル２２、ベルトコン
ベヤー２３等の不要になった機器類を撤去する。あとは
仕上げ工事と前記床面構造体Ｓ、Ｓ′の開口部２４の補
修を行い、仮設フレーム２０及びこれに設置された補完
レール２８、ホイスト２１等を撤去して工事を完了す
る。Further, the construction of interior equipment such as ceilings, walls, floors and the like is also performed by various working machines 33. Further, as described above, since the supplementary rail 28 can be locked and fixed at any floor by a locking tool as described above, the lower floor is constructed on the lower floor while being hardened one by one in exactly the same way as the first basement floor. As shown in FIG. 10, the foundation 35 and the lowest floor of the building are constructed on the pile 2 to complete the structure. Next, unnecessary devices such as the clam shell 22 and the belt conveyor 23 for earth work are removed. After that, finishing work and repair of the openings 24 of the floor structures S and S 'are performed, and the temporary frame 20 and the complementary rails 28 and the hoists 21 installed on the temporary frame 20 are removed to complete the work.
【００１６】以上のように、地盤を支保工にして掘削前
に床面構造体Ｓとしての土圧支持用水平構面を活用し、
水平作業用ホイストレール９，３４を床面構造体Ｓと同
時に取付け、これを地盤の掘削から使用することにより
狭隘な空間での重量物取扱い作業を安全、高精度で行う
ことが可能となる。前記実施例に示す方法においては床
版梁のコンクリート打設時の支保工（前記切り梁兼用逆
打ちステージ）を省略するために床版、梁の夫々の必要
高さ毎に地盤の掘削を行い必要レベルまで捨てコンクリ
ート打ちを打設し、凹凸面の整形が必要な部分のみセメ
ント系打込み型枠を設置してコンクリート鋳型を形成
し、そこに鉄筋を配筋してコンクリート打設することに
よって前記課題ハ）の切り梁兼用逆打ち用ステージを省
略し地下掘削後の土圧と支持させるようにしたものであ
る。As described above, by using the ground as a support and utilizing the earth pressure supporting horizontal structure as the floor structure S before excavation,
By mounting the hoist rails 9 and 34 for horizontal work at the same time as the floor structure S, and using this from the excavation of the ground, it becomes possible to safely and accurately handle heavy objects in a narrow space. In the method shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, excavation of the ground is performed for each required height of the floor slab and the beam in order to omit the support work (the above-mentioned stage where the slab also serves as a backlash) at the time of concrete placement of the floor slab beam. Pour concrete to the required level, cast concrete-based formwork only in the areas where shaping of the uneven surface is necessary, form a concrete mold, arrange reinforcing steel there, and cast concrete. In the problem (c), the stage for both the beam and the backlash is omitted and the earth pressure after underground excavation is supported.
【００１７】また前記コンクリート部の下面に水平作業
用ホイストレールを設置し、同レールに走行自在に懸架
された作業機械が前記コンクリート床面下の地盤の掘削
を即座に行うことが可能になる。またこの天井走行式の
作業機械は支持している鉄筋コンクリート構造体が建物
本来の保有耐力を超過しない程度の比較的軽量の機能と
し、ホイストレール上走行の利点をいかし、互いに直交
するＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ軸方向のコントロールの精度を向上さ
せ、狭隘な仮支柱の林立する空間での地盤の掘削を可能
とする。各種の作業機械は電力を動力源として電動化す
ることができる。これにより前記課題イ）ト）及びロ）
の掘削機能を解決するものである。Further, a hoist rail for horizontal work is installed on the lower surface of the concrete part, and a working machine suspended to be able to run on the rail can immediately excavate the ground under the concrete floor. In addition, this overhead traveling type working machine has a relatively lightweight function in which the reinforced concrete structure that it supports does not exceed the inherent holding capacity of the building, and takes advantage of traveling on the hoist rail. The accuracy of the control in the Z-axis direction is improved, and the excavation of the ground in a space where narrow temporary columns are established can be realized. Various types of work machines can be motorized using electric power as a power source. As a result, the above tasks i) to b) and b)
This solves the excavation function.
【００１８】更に天井吊り機械としては、仮支柱、土留
め壁等に付着した土を掃除する大型回転ブラシ機械鉄筋
の搬送及び組立をする機械、コンクリートの搬送打設均
らし作業をする機械設備機器の設置、配管、配線を設置
する機械仕上材料を搬送仕上げをする機械等一連の建設
作業が可能なインテリジエントな各種機械を必要に応じ
て走行させ作業を行うことによって前記課題ニ）ホ）を
解決することができる。Further, as a ceiling hanging machine, a large rotating brush machine for cleaning soil adhering to temporary columns, retaining walls, etc., a machine for transporting and assembling reinforcing bars, and a machine equipment for transporting and leveling concrete. The above-mentioned problem d) e) can be achieved by running various intelligent machines capable of performing a series of construction work such as a machine for transporting and finishing a machine finishing material such as installation of piping, piping, wiring, etc. Can be solved.
【００１９】更に各種の掘削機械並びに作業機械は水平
作業用ホイストレールにより決められたコースのみを単
純に往復する機械とすることによりケーブルよりの電力
供給が可能となる。また、土砂運搬車により前記課題
ロ）の搬送機能と、ト）の公害発生の問題を解決でき
る。更にまた掘削土の垂直搬送はレーザー又は超音波等
による深度センサーにより水平搬送された掘削土の盛り
上げ高さを検知し自動的にコントロールできるクラムシ
エルにより地上のトラツクに積み込むこれにより前記課
題へ）の機械化を計る。又、伸縮式のバケツトコンベヤ
ーにより搬出深度の増加対応させることも可能である。Further, various excavating machines and working machines can be supplied with electric power from a cable by simply reciprocating only a course determined by a horizontal working hoist rail. Further, the transport function of the above-mentioned problem b) and the problem of the occurrence of pollution of the above item g) can be solved by the earth and sand carrier. In addition, the vertical transport of excavated soil is performed by a depth sensor such as a laser or an ultrasonic wave, and the height of the excavated soil conveyed horizontally can be detected and automatically controlled and loaded on a ground track by a clamshell. Measure. Further, it is possible to cope with an increase in the carry-out depth by a telescopic bucket conveyor.
【００２０】以上の各手段の組み合わせにより、逆打ち
工法の機械化施工の実現が可能となる。By the combination of the above means, it is possible to realize the mechanized construction of the reverse construction method.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば逆打ち工法による建築物
地下部の構築方法において、地盤を型枠及び支保工とし
て使用して、型枠支保工を省略し下面に水平作業用ホイ
ストレールを設置した梁と床版とからなる床面構造体を
構築するとともに、同床面構造体に土圧支持水平構面を
兼用せしめることによって、土圧支持用切梁を不要なら
しめ、切梁の盛り替え、支持位置の変更がなくなり、土
圧に対する安全性が向上し、更に中間に切梁がないた
め、空間の有効利用が可能になり、更に仮設材の設置、
片付けのための作業がなくなり、また前記床面構造体の
型枠脱型、片付けが不要になり、作業性が向上される。According to the present invention, in a method of constructing a basement of a building by a reverse hitting method, the ground is used as a formwork and a support, the formwork support is omitted, and a horizontal work hoist rail is provided on the lower surface. By constructing a floor structure consisting of the installed beams and floor slabs, and having the floor structure also serve as the earth pressure support horizontal structure, the earth pressure support cutting beams are no longer necessary, There is no need to reposition or change the support position, improve the safety against earth pressure, and furthermore, since there is no cut beam in the middle, effective use of space becomes possible, and furthermore, installation of temporary materials,
The work for clearing is eliminated, and the mold removal and clearing of the floor structure are not required, so that the workability is improved.
【００２２】また前記走行用レール走行自在に懸架され
た天井走行機械を使用することによって、施工精度の向
上が図られ、また精度を要する地盤の掘削と重量物運搬
の土砂の水平搬送とを別系統にすることによって、床面
構造体の耐力保持と掘削精度の向上を図ることができ、
更に掘削地盤面を走行する土砂運搬車の動力を電力とす
ることによって、操作性を向上し、排気ガス、騒音の発
生を防止しうるものである。Also, by using the overhead traveling machine suspended above the traveling rail, construction accuracy can be improved, and excavation of the ground which requires precision and horizontal transportation of earth and sand for carrying heavy objects are separated. By using a system, it is possible to maintain the proof stress of the floor structure and improve the excavation accuracy,
Further, by using the power of the earth and sand carrier traveling on the excavated ground surface as electric power, operability is improved, and generation of exhaust gas and noise can be prevented.
【００２３】本発明によれば現在人力で行なわれている
逆打ち工法を大きく変更することなく、機械化施工が可
能となり、省力化が図られ、作業環境が改善され、安全
性が確保されるものである。According to the present invention, it is possible to carry out mechanized construction without greatly changing the current reverse working method which is currently performed manually, to save labor, to improve the working environment, and to ensure safety. It is.
【図１】本発明に係る建築物地下部の構築方法の一実施
例の杭部の施工状況を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction state of a pile portion in one embodiment of a method for constructing a basement of a building according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明の方法における１階部分の施工完了状況
を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of completion of construction of a first floor portion in the method of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の方法における地上部躯体の状況と地下
工事用仮設機材の関係を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between the condition of the above-ground frame and the temporary equipment for underground work in the method of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の方法における地上部躯体の施工状況と
地下部分排土工事の状況とを示す縦断面図である。FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state of construction of the above-ground part skeleton and the state of underground part discharging work in the method of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の方法における地下部分掘削用機械の搬
入状況を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state of loading of the machine for excavating underground parts in the method of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の方法における地下部分掘削工事を説明
する縦断面図である。FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating an underground partial excavation work in the method of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の方法における地下部分の掘削と掘削土
砂の水平搬送と垂直方向の排土とトラツクへの積込み状
況を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing excavation of an underground portion, horizontal transportation of excavated earth and sand, vertical unloading, and loading on a truck in the method of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の方法における土砂の水平搬送機械の稼
動状態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an operating state of a horizontal sand and sand transport machine in the method of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の方法における地下部分の一連の工事を
説明する縦断面図である。FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a series of works of an underground part in the method of the present invention.
【図１０】本発明の方法における地下工事がほぼ完了し
た状態を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which underground work is almost completed in the method of the present invention.
【図１１】本発明の方法における床面構造体の作業機械
走行用レールの施工状況を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction state of a work machine traveling rail of a floor structure in the method of the present invention.
【図１２】図１１の矢視イ−イ図である。FIG. 12 is a view taken in the direction of arrows in FIG. 11;
【図１３】従来の逆打ち工法の実施状況を示す縦断面図
である。FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state of implementation of a conventional reverse striking method.
【図１４】図１３の次工程を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a step subsequent to FIG. 13;
【図１５】図１４の次工程を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a step subsequent to FIG. 14;
Ｓ 床面構造体 １ 地中連続壁 ３ 構真柱 ５ 地盤 ６ 床版 ７ 梁 ９ ホイストレール １６ 柱 １８ 作業機械 ２１ ホイスト ２２ クラムシエル ２３ ベルトコンベヤー ２４ 開口部 ２５ ホツパー ２６ ダンプトラツク S Floor structure 1 Underground continuous wall 3 Structural pillar 5 Ground 6 Floor slab 7 Beam 9 Hoist rail 16 Column 18 Work machine 21 Hoist 22 Clamshell 23 Belt conveyor 24 Opening 25 Hopper 26 Dump truck
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 丸 隆宏 東京都渋谷区千駄ヶ谷四丁目６番15号 株式会社フジタ内 (56)参考文献 特開 平３−100225（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−109827（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−319121（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−237795（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−194121（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) E02D 29/045 E21D 13/00──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takahiro Maru 4-6-115 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Fujita Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-3-100225 (JP, A) JP-A-61- 109827 (JP, A) JP-A-4-319121 (JP, A) JP-A-4-237795 (JP, A) JP-A-4-194121 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) E02D 29/045 E21D 13/00
Claims (1)
方法において、地盤頂部を型枠及び支保工として使用し
て下面に作業機械走行用レールを設置した梁と床版とか
らなる頂部床面構造体を構築するとともに、同床面構造
体に土圧支持水平構面を兼用せしめ、次いで前記レール
に走行自在に懸吊された天井走行型の作業機械によっ
て、前記床面構造体下部の地盤を掘削して、下階の土圧
水平支持構面を兼用する床面構造体を構築するととも
に、建物地下構造体を構築し、以下前記の工程を反覆し
て複数階の構築を行うことを特徴とする建築物地下部の
構築方法。1. A method of constructing an underground part of a building by a back-inside construction method, wherein a top floor comprising a beam and a floor slab having work machine running rails installed on a lower surface using a ground top as a formwork and a support. While constructing the surface structure, the floor structure also serves as an earth pressure supporting horizontal structure, and then the ceiling traveling type working machine suspended to be able to run on the rail, the lower part of the floor structure is used. Excavating the ground, constructing a floor structure that also serves as the earth pressure horizontal support structure on the lower floor, constructing a building underground structure, and constructing multiple floors by repeating the above steps A method for constructing an underground building.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3305982A JP2769941B2 (en) | 1991-11-21 | 1991-11-21 | How to build the basement of the building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3305982A JP2769941B2 (en) | 1991-11-21 | 1991-11-21 | How to build the basement of the building |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05140957A JPH05140957A (en) | 1993-06-08 |
| JP2769941B2 true JP2769941B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
Family
ID=17951646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3305982A Expired - Fee Related JP2769941B2 (en) | 1991-11-21 | 1991-11-21 | How to build the basement of the building |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2769941B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100939916B1 (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2010-02-03 | 나석주 | Construction method of train platform base pile |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6654428B2 (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2020-02-26 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Building method using reverse construction method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61109827A (en) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-05-28 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Construction of basement |
| JP2741259B2 (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1998-04-15 | 大成建設株式会社 | Reverse construction method and multifunctional work floor using multifunctional work floor |
-
1991
- 1991-11-21 JP JP3305982A patent/JP2769941B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100939916B1 (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2010-02-03 | 나석주 | Construction method of train platform base pile |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05140957A (en) | 1993-06-08 |
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