JP2686123B2 - 熱交換装置 - Google Patents

熱交換装置

Info

Publication number
JP2686123B2
JP2686123B2 JP63332843A JP33284388A JP2686123B2 JP 2686123 B2 JP2686123 B2 JP 2686123B2 JP 63332843 A JP63332843 A JP 63332843A JP 33284388 A JP33284388 A JP 33284388A JP 2686123 B2 JP2686123 B2 JP 2686123B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
exchange device
heat
heat exchanger
heat exchangers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP63332843A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH02176395A (ja
Inventor
正孝 渡部
利美 細川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP63332843A priority Critical patent/JP2686123B2/ja
Priority to KR1019890019124A priority patent/KR930001635B1/ko
Priority to US07/454,306 priority patent/US5097897A/en
Publication of JPH02176395A publication Critical patent/JPH02176395A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2686123B2 publication Critical patent/JP2686123B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F25D11/022Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures with two or more evaporators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/067Evaporator fan units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being spirally coiled
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D7/082Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
    • F28D7/085Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions
    • F28D7/087Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/06Walls
    • F25D23/061Walls with conduit means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/10Arrangements for mounting in particular locations, e.g. for built-in type, for corner type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0682Two or more fans
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/141Removal by evaporation
    • F25D2321/1412Removal by evaporation using condenser heat or heat of desuperheaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0026Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow
    • F25D2323/00265Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow through the front top part
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0027Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air
    • F25D2323/00271Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air from the back bottom
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0027Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air
    • F25D2323/00272Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air from the back top
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0027Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air
    • F25D2323/00275Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air from the front top
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/04Refrigerators with a horizontal mullion

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (イ)産業上の利用分野 本発明は冷凍機、空調装置等に用いられる熱交換装置
に関する。
(ロ)従来の技術 従来、この種熱交換装置は例えば米国特許明細書3,57
2,051号に冷蔵庫の凝縮器として示されている。そこに
示された凝縮器は金属板に冷媒を流す蛇行状のパイプを
接合し、更に全体をコイル状に捲回して設置スペースを
削減している。
係る熱交換装置を使用するものにおいて、例えば単一
の機器でコンプレッサ方式の冷媒回路を2系統用いてい
る場合の如く、熱交換装置の熱交換機能が少なくとも2
以上必要な機器においては、例えば第8図の如く2個の
熱交換器100と101をそれぞれ機器106に独立して形成し
た通風路102、103に配置してそれぞれ独立した送風機10
4、105で送風していた。
(ハ)発明が解決しようとする課題 係る構成であるとそれぞれ独立した通風路を形成する
ために大なるスペースが必要となり、機器全体が大型化
すると共に、送風機も2個必要となる。
又、第9図の如く送風機を104を一つにまとめると、
一方の熱交換器が作動していない場合であっても、有効
風量は約半分となり非効率的であった。
更に第10図の如く送風機及び通風路ともに102及び104
一つにまとめて両熱交換器100、101を通風方向に対して
直列に配置すれば両方の熱交換器が作動する場合におい
て、風下側に配置された熱交換器100の吸入空気温度が
他方の熱交換器101より高く或るいは低くなり、熱交換
能力が悪化する問題があった 本発明は係る問題点を解決するために成されたもので
ある。
(ニ)課題を解決するための手段 請求項1の発明は、金属板に熱交換用媒体を流す流通
路を構成してコイル状に捲回した複数の熱交換器を準備
すると共に、各熱交換器は捲回軸を同一方向として各面
が相互に所定間隔を存して対向する様重合して熱交換装
置を構成したものである。
(ホ)作 用 請求項1の発明によれば熱交換装置及び機器全体の設
置スペースを縮小できると共に、各熱交換器の能力も均
一化できる。
(ヘ)実施例 次に、この発明の一実施例を第1図乃至第5図に基づ
き説明する。第1図は本発明の熱交換装置1の斜視図を
示している。熱交換装置1は2つの熱交換器2及び3か
ら成る。各熱交換器2、3は、ともに第2図の如くそれ
ぞれ例えば平板状の鋼板4、5の一面に冷媒等の熱交換
用媒体を流通せしめる独立した熱交換用のパイプ6、7
を鋼板4、5の長尺方向を蛇行の長辺として蛇行状に接
合し、これらを第3図a、bの如く折曲によりコイル状
に捲回して構成する。
しかる後に両者2、3をその捲回軸を同一方向として
第1図の如く重合して一体化する。この時熱交換器2、
3の各面は接触せず相互に所定の間隔を存して対向する
様各熱交換器2、3の捲回時の折曲点を予めずらしてお
く。
このように構成した熱交換装置1を例えば冷蔵庫等の
機器8の凝縮器として用いる。各熱交換器2、3のパイ
プ6、7は例えばそれぞれ別々の図示しないコンプレッ
サ方式の冷媒回路に接続して機器8の機械室11内に設置
し、捲回の軸方向を通風方向として最も外側の面により
通風路9のケーシングを構成し、その後方に単一の送風
機10を配設する。
第5図は第4図のA−A線断面図を示す。これから理
解できる様に、送風機10によって吸引される吸入媒体で
ある空気は両熱交換器2、3の各面間を略均等に流通す
るようになる。これによっていずれの熱交換器2、3に
対しても吸入される空気の温度は略同一となるので両熱
交換器2及び3の冷媒回路のコンプレッサが作動中の場
合においても双方とも略均一で良好な熱交換が可能とな
る。
又、熱交換器2或るいは3の一方のみの冷媒回路のコ
ンプレッサが作動している場合でも、第5図の如く空気
はいずれの熱交換器とも接触して流れるので、第9図の
如く全く無効となる空気流はなくなり、効率のよい熱交
換が可能となる。
次に、この発明の他の実施例を第6図及び第7図に示
す。15が熱交換装置であり、この場合第7図の如く平板
状の一枚の鋼板16に前述のパイプ6及び7をともに接合
している。パイプ6と7は相互に平行に且つ鋼板16の長
尺方向を蛇行の長辺として蛇行状に配置されており、こ
れによって鋼板16に対してパイプ6、7が略均等に分布
する様になされている。
この状態で鋼板16を折曲することによりコイル状に捲
回して熱交換装置15を構成し、第4図と同様に捲回の軸
方向を通風方向として機器8の機械室11に設置する。
これによれば前述の効果の他に熱交換装置15自体を更
に小型化することが可能となる。
尚、各実施例では熱交換装置を鋼板にパイプを接合し
て構成する所謂パイプオンシート方式としたが、それに
限られず、2枚の鋼板を接着し、それら板間に流通路を
膨出形成する所謂ロールボンド方式で構成してもよい。
(ト)発明の効果 請求項1の発明によれば熱交換装置の設置スペースを
縮小できると共に、各熱交換器の熱交換効率の向上及び
能力の均一化を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図は熱交換装置の斜視図、第2図は平板状の熱交換
器の斜視図、第3図a及び第3図bは熱交換器の斜視
図、第4図機械室部分の機器の平断面図、第5図は第4
図のA−A線断面図、第6図はもう一つの熱交換装置の
斜視図、第7図は平板状の熱交換装置の斜視図、第8図
乃至第10図は第4図に相当する従来例を示す図である。 1、15……熱交換装置、2、3……熱交換器、4、5、
16……鋼板、6、7……パイプ、9……通風路。

Claims (1)

    (57)【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】金属板に熱交換媒体を流す流通路を構成
    し、コイル状に捲回した複数の熱交換器から成り、各熱
    交換器は捲回軸を同一方向として各面が相互に所定間隔
    を存して対向する様重合せられて成ることを特徴とする
    熱交換装置。
JP63332843A 1988-12-27 1988-12-27 熱交換装置 Expired - Lifetime JP2686123B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63332843A JP2686123B2 (ja) 1988-12-27 1988-12-27 熱交換装置
KR1019890019124A KR930001635B1 (ko) 1988-12-27 1989-12-19 열 교환장치
US07/454,306 US5097897A (en) 1988-12-27 1989-12-21 Heat exchanging device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63332843A JP2686123B2 (ja) 1988-12-27 1988-12-27 熱交換装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02176395A JPH02176395A (ja) 1990-07-09
JP2686123B2 true JP2686123B2 (ja) 1997-12-08

Family

ID=18259414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63332843A Expired - Lifetime JP2686123B2 (ja) 1988-12-27 1988-12-27 熱交換装置

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5097897A (ja)
JP (1) JP2686123B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR930001635B1 (ja)

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AU1449000A (en) * 1998-10-20 2000-05-08 John A. Broadbent Low cost ice making evaporator
IT246893Y1 (it) * 1999-08-05 2002-04-10 Candy Spa Frigorifero con abbattitore rapido di temperatura e congelatore rapido
NZ503106A (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-07-26 Fisher & Paykel Appliances Ltd Refrigerator with at least a fresh food compartment and evaporator operating within 10 degrees centigrade below compartment temperature, so that air at above 0 degrees is blown over evaporator during off cycle
WO2003001135A1 (es) * 2001-05-01 2003-01-03 Romero Beltran Julian Intercambiador de calor del tipo placa-tubo
US6536231B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2003-03-25 Carrier Corporation Tube and shell heat exchanger for multiple circuit refrigerant system
US6742576B2 (en) * 2001-09-27 2004-06-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Heat exchanger barrier ribbon with polymeric tubes
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US5097897A (en) 1992-03-24
JPH02176395A (ja) 1990-07-09
KR900010345A (ko) 1990-07-07
KR930001635B1 (ko) 1993-03-08

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