JP2679109B2 - Intermetallic compound TiA-based light-weight heat-resistant alloy - Google Patents
Intermetallic compound TiA-based light-weight heat-resistant alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JP2679109B2 JP2679109B2 JP63129642A JP12964288A JP2679109B2 JP 2679109 B2 JP2679109 B2 JP 2679109B2 JP 63129642 A JP63129642 A JP 63129642A JP 12964288 A JP12964288 A JP 12964288A JP 2679109 B2 JP2679109 B2 JP 2679109B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tial
- alloy
- weight
- room temperature
- resistant alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分野〉 この発明は、軽量でかつ高温強度に優れ、しかも良好
な常温延性を示す宇宙・航空機用エンジンに係る部材や
発電用ガスタービン部材等として好適な金属間化合物Ti
Alを基とする耐熱合金に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention is suitable as a member for a space / aircraft engine, a gas turbine member for power generation, etc., which is lightweight, excellent in high-temperature strength, and exhibits good room temperature ductility. Intermetallic compound Ti
It relates to an Al-based heat resistant alloy.
〈従来技術とその課題〉 Ti−Al2元合金系にはTi3Al,TiAl及びTiAl3なる3種の
金属間化合物の存在が知られているが、このうちの「Ti
Al」はLl0型の結晶構造を有しており、化学量論組成(T
i−36重量%Al)からAl側に広い固溶範囲を形成すると
共に、第3元素も或る程度固溶するものである。そし
て、このTiAl金属間化合物は軽量でありながら強度が高
く、しかも約800℃程度までは高い強度を維持すること
に加え、耐酸化性も良好であるとの好ましい特性を有し
ていることから、宇宙・航空機エンジン部材等の“高温
環境下で高強度が要求される部材”への応用が可能では
ないかとの期待が持たれるものであった。The <art and its problems> Ti-Al2 binary alloy system Ti 3 Al, the existence of TiAl and TiAl 3 consists of three intermetallic compounds are known, "Ti of the
"Al" has an Ll 0 type crystal structure and has a stoichiometric composition (T
A wide solid solution range is formed from i-36 wt% Al) to the Al side, and the third element also forms a solid solution to some extent. Further, this TiAl intermetallic compound has high strength while being lightweight, and in addition to maintaining high strength up to about 800 ° C., it also has favorable characteristics that it has good oxidation resistance. It was hoped that it could be applied to "members requiring high strength in high temperature environments" such as space and aircraft engine members.
ところが、TiAlは強度が高い反面で常温延性が非常に
乏しいと言った問題点を抱えるものであり、このため工
業製品としての実際的応用が制限されているのが現状で
あった。However, TiAl has a problem that it has high strength but very poor ductility at room temperature. Therefore, the practical application as an industrial product is limited at present.
このようなことから、TiAlの実用化を目指し、これに
第3元素を添加して常温延性を改善する提案も幾つかな
されている。Therefore, some proposals have been made to improve the room temperature ductility by adding a third element to TiAl for practical use.
例えば、米国特許第4,294,615号明細書には第3元素
としてVを添加した“Ti−(31−36)重量%Al−(0.1
〜4)重量%V合金”が、また特開昭58−123847号公報
には第3元素としてAgを添加した“TiAl−(0.5−50)
重量%Ag合金”が、更に特公昭62−215号公報には第3
元素としてMnを添加した“Ti−(30−36)重量%Al−
(0.1〜5.0)重量%Mn合金”がそれぞれ示されている。For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,294,615, "Ti- (31-36) wt% Al- (0.1
4) wt% V alloy ", and in JP-A-58-123847," TiAl- (0.5-50) "containing Ag as a third element.
"Wt% Ag alloy" is further described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-215.
"Ti- (30-36)% Al- by adding Mn as an element
(0.1-5.0) wt% Mn alloy "is shown respectively.
しかしながら、これらの提案は、材料強度を或る程度
犠牲にして常温延性の改善を図るものであったり(例え
ばVの添加を行うもの)、或いは得られる合金の常温延
性が未だ実用材として十分に満足できないものであるな
ど、期待に十分応え得るものとは言えなかった。However, these proposals aim to improve the room temperature ductility by sacrificing the material strength to some extent (for example, by adding V), or the room temperature ductility of the obtained alloy is not enough as a practical material. I could not say that I couldn't fully meet my expectations, such as being unsatisfied.
そこで、本発明は、常温延性が1.5%以上で、800℃で
の引張強さが40kgf/mm2以上を示す軽量合金の提供を目
的としてなされたものである。Therefore, the present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a lightweight alloy having a room temperature ductility of 1.5% or more and a tensile strength at 800 ° C. of 40 kgf / mm 2 or more.
〈課題を解決するための手段〉 本発明者等は、上述のような観点から、TiAl金属間化
合物が有する「軽量であって高温強度に優れる」との好
ましい特長を維持又は向上させつつ、その常温延性を顕
著に改善し、軽量で優れた耐熱性を示すTiAl系実用合金
を提供すべく研究を行ったところ、次の(a)乃至
(c)に示すような知見を得るに至った。<Means for Solving the Problems> The inventors of the present invention, while maintaining or improving the preferable features that the TiAl intermetallic compound is “lightweight and excellent in high temperature strength” from the above viewpoints, As a result of research to provide a TiAl-based practical alloy that has significantly improved room temperature ductility and is lightweight and has excellent heat resistance, the following findings (a) to (c) have been obtained.
(a) 前述したようにTiAl金属間化合物は化学量論組
成(36重量%Al)からAl側に広い固溶範囲を有するもの
であるが、これに対して組成が1〜2重量%Ti側にずれ
ると約1100℃以下で〔TiAl+Ti3Al〕の2相組織とな
る。そして、この2相組織とTiAlの化学量論組成(TiAl
単相)の室温延性を比較すると、2相組織の方がより優
れた特性を示すので、該2相組織をベースとすれば高温
強度と延性の両者を満足できる合金の実現が予想され
た。(A) As described above, the TiAl intermetallic compound has a wide solid solution range from the stoichiometric composition (36% by weight Al) to the Al side, whereas the composition is 1-2% by weight Ti side. If the temperature shifts to, the structure becomes a two-phase structure of [TiAl + Ti 3 Al] below about 1100 ° C. Then, this two-phase structure and the stoichiometric composition of TiAl (TiAl
Comparing the room temperature ductility of (single phase), the two-phase structure exhibits more excellent properties, and it was expected that an alloy satisfying both high temperature strength and ductility would be realized based on the two-phase structure.
そこで、TiAl+Ti3Alを基とし、これの高温強度と常
温強度に及ぼす第3元素添加の影響を広範囲に調査した
ところ、特にNb,Cr及びMoのβ安定化元素の添加を行う
と“焼鈍双晶”或いは“変形双晶”が生成し易いことが
判明し、これによって前記2相組織合金の常温延性を更
に改善させ得る可能性が窺えた。Therefore, based on TiAl + Ti 3 Al, an extensive investigation was conducted on the effect of the addition of the third element on the high temperature strength and room temperature strength of the TiAl + Ti 3 Al. It has been found that "crystals" or "deformation twins" tend to be formed, which suggests that the room temperature ductility of the dual phase structure alloy may be further improved.
しかも、実際にNb,Cr及びMo量を厳密に調整すると、
高温強度と常温延性が共に良好な軽量合金が安定して実
現されることが判明した。Moreover, when the amounts of Nb, Cr and Mo are adjusted strictly,
It was found that a lightweight alloy with good high temperature strength and room temperature ductility can be stably realized.
(b) その上、前記第3元素を添加した〔TiAl+Ti3A
l〕系合金に更にB,C又はSiの1種又は2種以上を添加し
た場合には、該合金の結晶粒界が強化されて高温強度と
室温延性とのバランスが一層改善される。(B) In addition, the third element was added [TiAl + Ti 3 A
When one or more of B, C or Si is further added to the l] type alloy, the grain boundaries of the alloy are strengthened and the balance between high temperature strength and room temperature ductility is further improved.
(c) この場合、第3元素として添加する室温延性は
改善されるが強度は低下すると言われていたVも、これ
と複合してB又はSiを共に添加する場合には、同じβ安
定化元素たるVが有するNb,Cr及びMoと同様の延性向上
作用とB又はSiの作用とが相俟って、格別な高温強度低
下なく合金の加工性を顕著に改善する効果が確保でき
る。(C) In this case, the room temperature ductility added as the third element is said to be improved but the strength is lowered. However, in the case where B or Si is added together with V, the same β stabilization is achieved. The same ductility improving action as Nb, Cr and Mo possessed by the element V and the action of B or Si are combined, and the effect of remarkably improving the workability of the alloy can be ensured without any significant decrease in high temperature strength.
本発明は、上記知見等に基づいてなされたものであ
り、 「30〜36重量%のAlを含有すると共に、 0.5〜15重量%のNbと、更にC及びSiの1種以上を
あるいはC及びSiの1種以上とBとを複合で0.01〜0.5
重量%、 0.1〜4重量%のCrと、更にB,C及びSiの1種以上を
0.01〜0.5重量%、 0.1〜6重量%のMo、 0.1〜6重量%のMoと、更にB,C及びSiの1種以上を
0.01〜0.5重量%、 0.1〜8重量%のVと、更にSiを単独であるいはSi
とBとを複合で0.01〜0.5重量% のうちの1つの項に示された成分をも含み、残部がTi及
び不可避不純物から成る化学組成に“TiAlを基とする合
金”を構成することにより、軽量にして優れた耐熱性と
常温延性とを兼備せしめた点」 に特徴を有するものである。The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned findings and the like, and "contains 30 to 36% by weight of Al, contains 0.5 to 15% by weight of Nb, and further contains one or more of C and Si or C and Si. 0.01 to 0.5 in combination with one or more types of Si and B
% By weight, 0.1 to 4% by weight of Cr, and at least one of B, C and Si
0.01 to 0.5% by weight, 0.1 to 6% by weight Mo, 0.1 to 6% by weight Mo, and at least one of B, C and Si
0.01 to 0.5% by weight, 0.1 to 8% by weight of V, and Si alone or Si
By composing "TiAl-based alloy" in a chemical composition containing 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the composition of 0.01 and 0.5% by weight as a composite, and the balance consisting of Ti and unavoidable impurities. It is lightweight and has both excellent heat resistance and room temperature ductility. "
つまり、本発明は、TiAlを主体とする〔TiAl+Ti3A
l〕組織合金をベースとし、これにNb,Cr,Mo或いはVと
言ったβ安定化元素を添加して双晶を生成し易くさせる
ことにより、或いは更に上記第3元素を添加した合金に
B,C又はSiと言った粒界強化元素を添加することにより
高温強度と常温延性に優れた軽量耐熱合金を実現したも
のである。That is, the present invention is mainly composed of TiAl [TiAl + Ti 3 A
l] Based on a microstructured alloy and adding β-stabilizing elements such as Nb, Cr, Mo or V to this to facilitate the formation of twin crystals, or an alloy to which the above third element is further added
By adding grain boundary strengthening elements such as B, C or Si, a lightweight heat resistant alloy excellent in high temperature strength and room temperature ductility was realized.
ここで、チタン合金の添加成分量を前記の如くに数値
限定したのは、金属間化合物TiAlを基とする上記チタン
合金が優れた高温強度を維持しつつ、実用上十分に満足
できる延性を安定して示すようにするためであるが、以
下、添加成分量の限定理由を各成分の作用と共に説明す
る。Here, the additive component amount of the titanium alloy is numerically limited as described above, while the titanium alloy based on the intermetallic compound TiAl maintains excellent high-temperature strength, while maintaining ductility that is sufficiently satisfactory for practical use. The reason for limiting the amount of the added component will be described below together with the action of each component.
〈作用〉 a) Al 本発明に係る合金において、Al含有量が36重量%を超
えると室温から約1500℃までの間が単相領域となって所
望の常温延性が確保できず、一方、Al含有量が30重量%
を下回った場合には、合金は〔TiAl+Ti3Al〕2相組織
となるもののTi3Alの体積が大きくなり過ぎて高温強度
が低下し、更に常温延性も急激に低下するようになる。
従って、Al含有量は30〜36重量%と定めたが、望ましく
は32〜35重量%に調整するのが良い。<Operation> a) Al In the alloy according to the present invention, when the Al content exceeds 36% by weight, a desired room temperature ductility cannot be ensured due to a single phase region between room temperature and about 1500 ° C. 30% by weight
If it is below the range, the alloy has a [TiAl + Ti 3 Al] two-phase structure, but the volume of Ti 3 Al becomes too large, the high temperature strength decreases, and the room temperature ductility also sharply decreases.
Therefore, although the Al content is set to 30 to 36% by weight, it is preferably adjusted to 32 to 35% by weight.
b) Nb,Cr,Mo或いはV これらの成分には何れもTiAl基合金の常温延性を向上
させる作用があるので、Nbの場合には0.5〜15重量%
を、Crの場合には0.1〜4重量%を、Moの場合には0.1〜
6重量%を、そしてVの場合には0.1〜8重量%をそれ
ぞれ含有させるものであるが、Nb,Mo或いはVの含有量
が前記上限を超えるとβ相が出現して合金の高温強度を
低下させることとなる。また、Cr含有量が前記上限を超
えると、別の金属間化合物が出現して常温延性の低下を
招く。一方、Nb,Cr,Mo,又はVが前記下限量を下回った
場合にはこれら成分の添加効果が認められなくなる。b) Nb, Cr, Mo or V Any of these components has the effect of improving the room temperature ductility of the TiAl-based alloy.
0.1 to 4% by weight for Cr and 0.1 to 4% for Mo.
6% by weight, and in the case of V, 0.1 to 8% by weight, respectively, but when the content of Nb, Mo or V exceeds the above upper limit, β phase appears to improve the high temperature strength of the alloy. Will be lowered. On the other hand, when the Cr content exceeds the upper limit, another intermetallic compound appears to cause a decrease in room temperature ductility. On the other hand, when Nb, Cr, Mo, or V is less than the lower limit amount, the effect of adding these components is not recognized.
c) C,Si及びB これらの成分は、何れも粒界を強化して常温延性を更
に向上させる作用を有しているが、何れの場合も単独あ
るいは合計量で0.5重量%を超えて含有させると固溶限
を超えてしまって別の金属間化合物を形成し、高温強度
及び常温延性を低下させる。一方、C,Si又はBの含有量
が合計で0.01重量%を下回った場合にはこれら成分の添
加効果が認められなくなる。c) C, Si and B All of these components have the effect of strengthening the grain boundaries and further improving the room temperature ductility, but in any case, they are contained alone or in a total amount exceeding 0.5% by weight. If so, the solid solution limit is exceeded and another intermetallic compound is formed, and the high temperature strength and room temperature ductility are reduced. On the other hand, when the total content of C, Si or B is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of adding these components cannot be recognized.
続いて、本発明の効果を実施例により更に具体的に説
明する。Next, the effects of the present invention will be described more specifically by way of examples.
〈実施例〉 純度99.7重量%のスポンジチタン,純度99.99重量%
のAl,V−16重量%Al母合金,純度99.9重量%のV,純度9
9.9重量%のNb,純度99.9重量%のCr,Mo−45重量%Al母
合金,純度99.9重量%のCr,TiB並びにTiCを原料として
用い、タングステン電極による非消耗電極式Arアーク溶
解炉によって第1表に示す如き化学組成のインゴット
(75mm×95mm×12mm)を溶製した。<Example> Titanium sponge having a purity of 99.7% by weight, purity 99.99% by weight
Al, V-16 wt% Al master alloy, purity 99.9 wt% V, purity 9
Using 9.9 wt% Nb, 99.9 wt% Cr, Mo-45 wt% Al mother alloy, 99.9 wt% Cr, TiB and TiC as raw materials, a non-consumable electrode type Ar arc melting furnace with a tungsten electrode was used. Ingots (75 mm × 95 mm × 12 mm) having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 were melted.
次いで、このインゴットを1000℃で恒常鍛造し、900
℃で1hr焼鈍した後、機械加工により外径4mm,標点間距
離16mmの引張試験片を切り出して引張試験を実施した。Next, this ingot was constantly forged at 1000 ° C.
After annealing at ℃ for 1hr, a tensile test was carried out by cutting a tensile test piece with an outer diameter of 4mm and a gauge length of 16mm by machining.
引張試験は、それぞれ“室温”及び“800℃”の両温
度下で実施し、このときの歪速度は試験開始から破断に
至るまで0.5%/minとした。The tensile test was performed at both "room temperature" and "800 ° C", and the strain rate at this time was 0.5% / min from the start of the test until the fracture.
上記引張試験の結果を第1表に併せて示した。 The results of the above tensile test are also shown in Table 1.
なお、第1表には、比較のためにTi−36重量%Al(Ti
Al単体:化学量論組成)材及びTi−34.2重量%Al(TiAl
+Ti3Al)材につき同様の試験を実施した結果も併記し
た。For comparison, Table 1 shows that Ti-36 wt% Al (Ti
Al simple substance: stoichiometric composition material and Ti-34.2 wt% Al (TiAl
The results of the same test performed on + Ti 3 Al) material are also shown.
第1表に示される結果からも明らかなように、本発明
合金は比較材に比べて室温及び800℃において強度を低
下させることなしに著しく優れた延性を示しており、成
形加工性が良好で実用性に優れた軽量耐熱合金であるこ
とが確認できる。As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the alloys of the present invention exhibited remarkably excellent ductility at room temperature and 800 ° C without lowering the strength as compared with the comparative materials, and had good formability. It can be confirmed that it is a lightweight heat-resistant alloy with excellent practicality.
〈効果の総括〉 以上に説明した如く、この発明によれば、軽量であっ
て、しかも耐熱性並びに成形加工性が共に優れた合金を
提供することが可能となり、宇宙・航空機や発電用ガス
タービン等に係る機器類の性能向上を図ることが期待で
きるなど、産業上極めて有用な効果がもたらされる。 <Summary of Effects> As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an alloy that is lightweight and has excellent heat resistance and formability, and is a gas turbine for space / aircraft or power generation. It can be expected to improve the performance of the equipment related to the above, and the like, which is extremely useful in industry.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平1−259139(JP,A) 特開 昭56−41344(JP,A) 特開 昭62−70531(JP,A) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-1-259139 (JP, A) JP-A-56-41344 (JP, A) JP-A-62-70531 (JP, A)
Claims (5)
C及びSiの1種以上とBとを複合で0.01〜0.5%含み、
残部がTi及び不可避不純物から成る、TiAlを基とする軽
量耐熱合金。1. A weight ratio of Al: 30 to 36%, Nb: 0.5 to 15%, further containing at least one of C and Si, or a combination of at least one of C and Si and B. Including 0.01-0.5%,
A lightweight heat-resistant alloy based on TiAl with the balance consisting of Ti and unavoidable impurities.
基とする軽量耐熱合金。2. A weight ratio of Al: 30 to 36%, Cr: 0.1 to 4%, and at least one of B, C and Si: 0.01 to 0.5%, the balance being Ti and A TiAl-based lightweight heat-resistant alloy consisting of inevitable impurities.
基とする軽量耐熱合金。3. A lightweight heat-resistant alloy based on TiAl, containing Al: 30 to 36% and Mo: 0.1 to 6% by weight and the balance being Ti and inevitable impurities.
基とする軽量耐熱合金。4. A weight ratio of Al: 30 to 36%, Mo: 0.1 to 6%, and at least one of B, C and Si: 0.01 to 0.5%, with the balance being Ti and A TiAl-based lightweight heat-resistant alloy consisting of inevitable impurities.
複合で0.01〜0.5%含み、残部がTi及び不可避不純物か
ら成る、TiAlを基とする軽量耐熱合金。5. A weight ratio of Al: 30 to 36%, V: 0.1 to 8%, 0.01 to 0.5% of Si alone or a combination of Si and B, with the balance being Ti and A TiAl-based lightweight heat-resistant alloy consisting of inevitable impurities.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63129642A JP2679109B2 (en) | 1988-05-27 | 1988-05-27 | Intermetallic compound TiA-based light-weight heat-resistant alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63129642A JP2679109B2 (en) | 1988-05-27 | 1988-05-27 | Intermetallic compound TiA-based light-weight heat-resistant alloy |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH01298127A JPH01298127A (en) | 1989-12-01 |
JP2679109B2 true JP2679109B2 (en) | 1997-11-19 |
Family
ID=15014562
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Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2510141B2 (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1996-06-26 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Ti-Al lightweight heat resistant material |
US5089225A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1992-02-18 | General Electric Company | High-niobium titanium aluminide alloys |
JP2592440B2 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1997-03-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Ti-Al lightweight heat and oxidation resistant material |
EP0455005B1 (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1995-09-13 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | High temperature alloy for engine components, based on modified titanium aluminide |
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JPS6270531A (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-04-01 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Formation of ti-al intermetallic compound member |
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1988
- 1988-05-27 JP JP63129642A patent/JP2679109B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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