JP2637813B2 - Mold casting method - Google Patents
Mold casting methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2637813B2 JP2637813B2 JP945789A JP945789A JP2637813B2 JP 2637813 B2 JP2637813 B2 JP 2637813B2 JP 945789 A JP945789 A JP 945789A JP 945789 A JP945789 A JP 945789A JP 2637813 B2 JP2637813 B2 JP 2637813B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- gate
- cavity
- molten metal
- casting method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明はキャビティ内に下方から溶湯を注ぐ金型鋳造
法に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mold casting method for pouring a molten metal into a cavity from below.
（従来の技術） 鋳物を効率よく生産する方法として砂型に比べ熱伝導
性に優れた金型を用いる方法が従来から採用されてい
る。(Prior Art) As a method for efficiently producing a casting, a method using a mold having better heat conductivity than a sand mold has been conventionally used.
斯る金型を用いた鋳造法は一般に金型のキャビティ内
に高い圧力で溶湯を充填し、溶湯が完全に冷却凝固した
後に鋳物を払い出すようにしている。In the casting method using such a mold, the molten metal is generally filled into the cavity of the mold at a high pressure, and the casting is discharged after the molten metal is completely cooled and solidified.
一方、キャビティ内に下方から低圧で溶湯を押上げて
充填する低圧鋳造法を知られている。On the other hand, there is known a low-pressure casting method in which a molten metal is pushed up and filled with a low pressure from below in a cavity.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 上述した金型鋳造法によると、鋳物の厚みが部分的に
異なると溶湯の凝固収縮速度が部分的に大きく異なり、
鋳物の一部が金型による拘束を受けて熱間割れが生じた
り、逆に金型が変形したり摩耗する不利がある。一方低
圧鋳造法による場合は上記の不利は減少し且つ鋳造欠陥
の少ない高品質の鋳物を得られらが、キャビティ内の溶
湯が凝固するまで圧力を維持させておかなければなら
ず、また鋳造のサイクルタイムも長い。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) According to the mold casting method described above, when the thickness of the casting is partially different, the solidification shrinkage rate of the molten metal is partially greatly different,
There is a disadvantage that a part of the casting is restrained by the mold to cause hot cracking, or the mold is deformed or worn. On the other hand, in the case of the low pressure casting method, the above disadvantages are reduced and a high quality casting with few casting defects can be obtained, but the pressure must be maintained until the molten metal in the cavity solidifies, and The cycle time is long.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明は高品質の鋳物が得られるという低圧鋳造法の
長所とサイクルタイムが短いという一般の金型鋳造の長
所を兼ね備えた鋳造法の提供を目的とし、具体的には、
金型のキャビティ内に湯口及びゲートを介して溶湯を充
填したならば、該湯口とゲートとの境界部を閉塞し、次
いで金型全体をゲートが上方になるように反転し、この
状態で例えばキャビティ表面に接する鋳物表面が殻状に
凝固した時点で鋳物を離型するようにし、重力による押
湯効果を与えるようにした。又、製品肉厚等から勘案し
て比較的薄肉物にあっては、金型を反転せず、ゲート部
を急冷凝固するとともにキャビティ表面に接する部分が
殻状に凝固した時点で金型から製品を取出し、この製品
を反転し、金型を反転させたと同様の押湯効果を発揮す
るようにした。(Means for Solving the Problems) An object of the present invention is to provide a casting method having both the advantages of a low-pressure casting method in which a high-quality casting can be obtained and the advantages of a general mold casting in which the cycle time is short. In general,
When the molten metal is filled into the cavity of the mold through the gate and the gate, the boundary between the gate and the gate is closed, and then the entire mold is inverted so that the gate is upward, and in this state, for example, When the casting surface in contact with the cavity surface solidified in a shell shape, the casting was released from the mold to give a feeder effect by gravity. In addition, if the thickness of the product is relatively thin in consideration of the product thickness, etc., the mold is not inverted, the gate is rapidly cooled and solidified, and when the part in contact with the cavity surface solidifies in a shell shape, the product is removed from the mold. Then, the product was inverted, and the same feeder effect as when the mold was inverted was exerted.
（作用） 溶湯をキャビティに充填した後、鋳物表面が殻状に凝
固した時点で離型反転させるため、製品の温度勾配が下
方より上部の温度が高いこと、また内部が溶融状態にな
っていることから、少量の押湯で重力効果により指向性
凝固が図れ、且つ内部欠陥のない安定した品質のものが
得られる。(Operation) After the molten metal is filled into the cavity, the mold is reversed when the casting surface solidifies in a shell shape. Therefore, the temperature gradient of the product is higher at the top than at the bottom, and the inside is in a molten state. Therefore, a directional solidification can be achieved by a gravity effect with a small amount of riser, and a stable quality free from internal defects can be obtained.
（実施例） 以下に本発明の実施例を添付図面に基いて説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は本発明方法の実施に用いる鋳造装置の正断面
図、第２図は同鋳造装置の側面図であり、鋳造装置は本
体１内に保持炉２を設け、この保持炉２内に溶湯３を貯
留するとともに保持炉２の上部開口を蓋板３で閉塞し、
この蓋板４の中央にスリーブ５を垂下し、スリーブ５内
を湯口としている。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a casting apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the casting apparatus. In the casting apparatus, a holding furnace 2 is provided in a main body 1. While storing the molten metal 3, the upper opening of the holding furnace 2 is closed with the lid plate 3,
A sleeve 5 is suspended from the center of the cover plate 4, and the inside of the sleeve 5 is used as a gate.
また蓋板４の一側には図示しないシリンダユニット等
によって上下に軸６を中心として回動するフレーム７を
支持し、このフレーム７に左右の金型8,8を取付けてい
る。これら金型8,8間には閉じた状態でクランクシャフ
トを鋳造するためのキャビティ９が形成され、また各金
型8,8の外側面にはシリンダユニット10,10を固着し、こ
のシリンダユニット10,10によってシャッタ11,11を金型
８下面と蓋板４上面の摺接板13との間で摺動せしめるよ
うにし、これらシャッタ11,11の先端部分で前記スリブ
ー５内を上昇してきた溶湯３をキャビティ９内に導くゲ
ート12を形成し、更にゲート12の近傍には冷却通路14を
埋設している。尚、ゲート12の一部を小径部とし、の小
径部に冷却通路を設けるようにしてもよい。On one side of the cover plate 4, a frame 7 that rotates vertically around a shaft 6 is supported by a cylinder unit (not shown) or the like, and left and right dies 8, 8 are attached to the frame 7. A cavity 9 for casting a crankshaft in a closed state is formed between the dies 8, 8, and cylinder units 10, 10 are fixed to the outer surfaces of the dies 8, 8, respectively. The shutters 11 and 11 are made to slide between the lower surface of the mold 8 and the sliding contact plate 13 on the upper surface of the cover plate 4 by means of the shutters 10 and 10, and the leading ends of the shutters 11 and 11 are moved upward in the slab 5. A gate 12 for guiding the molten metal 3 into the cavity 9 is formed, and a cooling passage 14 is buried near the gate 12. Note that a part of the gate 12 may be a small diameter portion, and a cooling passage may be provided in the small diameter portion.
以上の構成からなる鋳造装置を用いてクランクシャフ
トを鋳造する例を以下に述べる。An example of casting a crankshaft using the casting apparatus having the above configuration will be described below.
先ず第１図に示すように左右のシャッタ11,11を開
き、ゲート12を拡げた状態とし、保持炉２内にチッ素等
の不活性ガスを供給する。するとガスの圧力によって溶
湯３はスリーブ５内を上昇しゲート12を通ってキャビテ
ィ９内に充填される。First, as shown in FIG. 1, the left and right shutters 11 and 11 are opened, the gate 12 is expanded, and an inert gas such as nitrogen is supplied into the holding furnace 2. Then, the molten metal 3 rises inside the sleeve 5 by the pressure of the gas and fills the cavity 9 through the gate 12.
そして冷却通路14によってゲート12に対応する部分の
溶湯が半凝固状態となった時点でシャッタ11,11を第３
図に示すように閉じゲート12と湯口とを遮断する。この
とき、シャッタ11,11の閉動作によりゲート12内の溶湯
が強制的にキャビティ９に向って押圧される。When the molten metal in the portion corresponding to the gate 12 is brought into a semi-solid state by the cooling passage 14, the shutters 11, 11 are moved to the third position.
As shown in the figure, the closing gate 12 and the gate are shut off. At this time, the molten metal in the gate 12 is forcibly pressed toward the cavity 9 by the closing operation of the shutters 11 and 11.
次いで、第４図に示すように軸６を中心にして金型8,
8の上下を反転させゲート12をキャビティ９よりも上方
に位置せしめる。このことによってゲート12は押湯部と
して作用する。したがって、キャビティ11,11の閉動作
による圧力の他に押湯部による圧力も加わることとな
る。Next, as shown in FIG.
8 is turned upside down so that the gate 12 is positioned above the cavity 9. As a result, the gate 12 functions as a feeder. Therefore, in addition to the pressure due to the closing operation of the cavities 11, 11, the pressure by the feeder is also applied.
また、第４図に示した反転状態で静起してキャビティ
９内の溶湯が凝固するのを待っていてもよいが、反転さ
せた金型8,8を上下方向に往復動させたり、左右方向に
揺動させたり、垂直軸廻りに回転させたり、更には金型
に超音波による振動を付与してもよい。このようにする
ことでキャビティ９内の溶湯が保有するガス等が一箇所
に集中せず、押湯部として作用しているゲート内に入り
やすく極めて高品質の鋳物が得られる。In addition, while it is possible to wait for the molten metal in the cavity 9 to solidify and stand in the inverted state shown in FIG. 4, the inverted molds 8, 8 are reciprocated in the vertical direction, or left and right. It may be swung in the direction, rotated about a vertical axis, or vibrations by ultrasonic waves may be applied to the mold. By doing so, the gas and the like held by the molten metal in the cavity 9 are not concentrated at one place, but easily enter the gate acting as a feeder, and an extremely high quality casting is obtained.
更に金型8,8から鋳物を離型するタイミングは溶湯が
完全に凝固してからでもよいが、キャビティ９表面に接
触する溶湯の表層部が殻状の凝固層となり内部は未だ凝
固していない状態で離型することが好ましい。このよう
にすると鋳物の熱間割れ、金型の変形及び摩耗が有効に
防止される。Further, the timing of releasing the casting from the dies 8, 8 may be after the molten metal is completely solidified, but the surface layer of the molten metal in contact with the surface of the cavity 9 becomes a shell-like solidified layer, and the inside is not yet solidified. It is preferable to release the mold in a state. In this way, hot cracking of the casting, deformation and wear of the mold are effectively prevented.
第５図乃至第８図は別実施例を示し、第５図に示す実
施例は、金型８の下部にゲート12を穿設し、このゲート
12の小径部に冷却通路14を埋設し、この小径部の部分で
溶湯３を強制冷却するようにしている。5 to 8 show another embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a gate 12 is formed in the lower part of
A cooling passage 14 is buried in the small-diameter portion 12 so that the molten metal 3 is forcibly cooled in the small-diameter portion.
また、第６図及び第６図のＡ−Ａ線断面図である第７
図に示す実施例は金型８の一側面にボルト15によってシ
リンダユニット16を取付け、このシリンダ16の作動でシ
ャッタ11をスライドさせ、ゲート12と湯口との境界部を
遮断するようにし、また第８図に示す実施例にあっては
左右の金型8,8の側面にボルト15によってシリンダユニ
ット16を取付け、これら左右のシリンダユニット16,16
の作動でシャッタ11,11が開閉動するようにしている。
ただし第８図に示した実施例にあっては閉状態であって
も小さな通路は残すようにしたシャッタ11,11同士が衝
突しないようにしているが、通路面積は小さいためこの
部分の溶湯は他の部分に比べ速やかに凝固する。FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 6 and FIG.
In the embodiment shown in the figure, a cylinder unit 16 is attached to one side surface of a mold 8 by bolts 15, and the operation of the cylinder 16 causes the shutter 11 to slide so as to block the boundary between the gate 12 and the gate. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cylinder units 16 are mounted on the side surfaces of the left and right dies 8, 8 by bolts 15, and these left and right cylinder units 16, 16 are attached.
The shutters 11, 11 are opened and closed by the operation of.
However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the shutters 11 and 11 are designed to leave a small passage even in the closed state so that the shutters 11 and 11 do not collide with each other. Solidifies more quickly than other parts.
尚、図示例にあっては金型を反転させることで上方に
押湯部が形成されるようにしたが、金型を反転せず、第
９図に示すように鋳物Ｗの表層が殻状に凝固した時点で
鋳物（製品）を払い出し鋳物の上下を反転し押湯部の直
下を治具20で保持しても前記同様の効果を発揮し、更に
サイクルタイムの短縮、型反転を行わないために設備が
簡略化でき、型温上昇を軽減でき型寿命が伸びる効果が
ある。In the illustrated example, the feeder portion was formed upward by inverting the mold. However, the mold was not inverted, and the surface layer of the casting W was shell-shaped as shown in FIG. When the casting (product) is dispensed at the time of solidification, the same effect as described above is exhibited even if the casting is turned upside down and the jig 20 is held immediately below the feeder, and the cycle time is not shortened and the mold is not inverted. Therefore, the equipment can be simplified, the rise in mold temperature can be reduced, and the mold life can be prolonged.
（発明の効果） 第10図は本発明と従来方法とを鋳造サイクルで比較し
たグラフであり、本発明方法によれば従来に比べ鋳造サ
イクルを大巾に短縮することができる。(Effects of the Invention) FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the present invention and the conventional method in the casting cycle. According to the method of the present invention, the casting cycle can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method.
また、ゲートを遮断した後に金型を反転せしめるよう
にしたので、ゲートの部分が今度は押湯として作用し、
高品質の鋳物を効率よく生産でき、特に反転後の金型に
振動を加えたり上下動等させることで、更に高品質の鋳
物が得られる。Also, since the mold was turned over after the gate was shut off, the gate part now acts as a feeder,
High-quality castings can be efficiently produced, and particularly high-quality castings can be obtained by applying vibration or moving the mold upside down after reversal.
第１図は本発明方法の実施に用いる鋳造装置の正断面
図、第２図は同鋳造装置の側面図、第３図はゲートを閉
塞した状態の第１図と同様の図、第４図は金型を反転し
た状態を示す図、第５図は別実施例の要部断面図、第６
図は金型の別実施例を示す図、第７図は第６図のＡ−Ａ
線断面図、第８図はシャッタの別実施例を示す第７図と
同様の図、第９図は金型を反転せず鋳物を反転する例を
示した図、第10図は金型温度と離型のタイミングを示す
グラフである。 尚、図面中３は溶湯、８は金型、９はキャビティ、11は
シャッタ、12はゲート、14は冷却通路である。1 is a front sectional view of a casting apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the casting apparatus, FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 with a gate closed, FIG. FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the mold is inverted, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of another embodiment, and FIG.
The figure shows another embodiment of the mold, and FIG. 7 is AA of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing another embodiment of the shutter, FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of reversing the casting without reversing the mold, and FIG. 10 is a mold temperature. 5 is a graph showing the timing of mold release. In the drawings, 3 is a molten metal, 8 is a mold, 9 is a cavity, 11 is a shutter, 12 is a gate, and 14 is a cooling passage.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 吉永 宏 埼玉県狭山市新狭山１丁目10番地１ ホ ンダエンジニアリング株式会社内 (72)発明者 畑中 節美 埼玉県狭山市新狭山１丁目10番地１ ホ ンダエンジニアリング株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭53−70921（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−234653（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−21462（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−138535（ＪＰ，Ａ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Yoshinaga 1-10-1, Shinsayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Inside Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Setsumi Hatanaka 1-10-1, Shinsayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture (56) References JP-A-53-70921 (JP, A) JP-A-62-234653 (JP, A) JP-A-59-21462 (JP, A) JP-A-58-138535 (JP, A)
Claims (7)
方にあるゲートを介して溶湯を充填し、次いでゲートを
閉塞した後、ゲートが上方となるように金型を反転し、
ゲートの閉塞部とキャビティとの間を押湯部とし、この
状態でキャビティ内の溶湯を凝固せしめるようにしたこ
とを特徴とする金型鋳造法。1. A mold is filled with molten metal in a cavity of a mold through a gate below the cavity, and after closing the gate, the mold is inverted so that the gate is located above,
A mold casting method characterized in that a feeder is provided between a closed portion of a gate and a cavity, and the molten metal in the cavity is solidified in this state.
方にあるゲートを介して溶湯を充填し、次いでゲートを
閉塞した後、ゲートが上方となるように金型を反転し、
ゲートの閉塞部とキャビティとの間を押湯部とし、この
状態でキャビティ表面に接する溶湯が殻状に凝固し内部
が未凝固の時点で鋳物を離型するようにしたことを特徴
とする金型鋳造法。2. Filling the cavity of the mold with molten metal through a gate below the cavity, and then closing the gate, inverting the mold so that the gate is upward,
A metal feeder is provided in which a portion between the closed portion of the gate and the cavity is a feeder portion, and in this state, the molten metal in contact with the surface of the cavity is solidified into a shell and the casting is released when the interior is not solidified. Mold casting method.
方にあるゲートを介して溶湯を充填し、次いでゲートを
閉塞した後、キャビティ表面に接する溶湯が殻状に凝固
し内部が未凝固の時点で製品を離型し、この製品を反転
させた状態で完全に凝固させるようにしたことを特徴と
する金型鋳造方法。3. The mold is filled with molten metal through a gate below the cavity, and then the gate is closed. Then, the molten metal in contact with the surface of the cavity solidifies into a shell and the interior is not solidified. A mold casting method wherein the product is released from the mold and completely solidified in an inverted state.
することでなすようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１乃
至３に記載の金型鋳造法。4. The die casting method according to claim 1, wherein the closing of the gate is performed by cooling a small diameter portion of the gate.
トを閉じるか絞ることでなすようにしたことを特徴とす
る請求項１乃至３に記載の金型鋳造法。5. The die casting method according to claim 1, wherein the gate is closed by closing or narrowing the gate with a shutter.
与えるか金型に上下方向の直線動、揺動又は垂直軸廻り
の回転動をなさしめるようにしたことを特徴とする請求
項１又は２に記載の金型鋳造法。6. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the mold is inverted, vibration is applied to the mold, or the mold is caused to perform a vertical linear motion, a swing motion, or a rotational motion about a vertical axis. The mold casting method according to claim 1.
えるか製品を上下方向の直線動、揺動又は回転動をなさ
しめるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の金
型鋳造法。7. The metal mold according to claim 3, wherein a vibration is applied to the product released from the mold or the product is made to perform a linear motion, a swing motion or a rotational motion in a vertical direction. Mold casting method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP945789A JP2637813B2 (en) | 1989-01-18 | 1989-01-18 | Mold casting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP945789A JP2637813B2 (en) | 1989-01-18 | 1989-01-18 | Mold casting method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02192872A JPH02192872A (en) | 1990-07-30 |
| JP2637813B2 true JP2637813B2 (en) | 1997-08-06 |
Family
ID=11720818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP945789A Expired - Lifetime JP2637813B2 (en) | 1989-01-18 | 1989-01-18 | Mold casting method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2637813B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102773458A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-14 | 济南铸造锻压机械研究所有限公司 | Sprue plugging device for casting sand mold at low pressure and method for casting sand mold at low pressure |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ240458A (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1993-06-25 | Comalco Alu | Mould assembly for chill casting: large chill area |
| IT1320475B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2003-11-26 | Fiat Ricerche | SELF-COMPENSATED PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR FOR A CONTROL VALVE. |
| ITTO20010135A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2002-08-16 | Teksid Spa | MOLD STRUCTURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METALLIC CASTINGS OF LIGHT ALLOY AND THE CASTING PROCEDURE THAT USES IT. |
| DE102004043444B3 (en) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-06-14 | Hydro Aluminium Alucast Gmbh | Method and apparatus for casting molten metal |
| JP5221195B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2013-06-26 | 株式会社田島軽金属 | Casting apparatus, casting system and method |
| CN106807919B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-04-05 | 冯志军 | A kind of dedicated unit manufacturing semi-solid light alloy casting low pressure casting one-step method |
| CN108526439A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-09-14 | 溧阳市联华机械制造有限公司 | A kind of shell structure that suction pouring ingate quickly solidifies |
-
1989
- 1989-01-18 JP JP945789A patent/JP2637813B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102773458A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-14 | 济南铸造锻压机械研究所有限公司 | Sprue plugging device for casting sand mold at low pressure and method for casting sand mold at low pressure |
| CN102773458B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-09-03 | 济南铸造锻压机械研究所有限公司 | Sprue plugging device for casting sand mold at low pressure and method for casting sand mold at low pressure |
| CN104043806A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-09-17 | 济南铸造锻压机械研究所有限公司 | Sand mold low-pressure cast sprue blocking device and sand mold low-pressure casting method |
| CN104043806B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2016-04-27 | 济南铸造锻压机械研究所有限公司 | The method of sand mold low pressure casting shutoff gating apparatus and sand mold low pressure casting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02192872A (en) | 1990-07-30 |
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