JP2601911B2 - Cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell - Google Patents
Cylindrical solid oxide fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP2601911B2 JP2601911B2 JP1166915A JP16691589A JP2601911B2 JP 2601911 B2 JP2601911 B2 JP 2601911B2 JP 1166915 A JP1166915 A JP 1166915A JP 16691589 A JP16691589 A JP 16691589A JP 2601911 B2 JP2601911 B2 JP 2601911B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cylindrical
- cell
- current collecting
- fuel cell
- solid oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、高温状態において作動される円筒型固体電
解質型燃料電池に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell operated at a high temperature.
［従来の技術］ 円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池は、例えば当出願人発明
の特願昭63−152836号明細書に記載されたような構成の
発電装置内で使用されている。このような発電装置の１
例は第４図に示されている。この装置は、複数の円筒型
セル８のそれぞれの両端部が、気密構造のハウジング内
にある燃料供給室11および燃料排出室13まで延出するよ
うに空気供給室12に設置したもので、集電を行う集電極
を低温雰囲気である燃料供給室11または燃料排出室13か
ら取り出すようにして集電極の耐力低下の低減、電池性
能の向上、酸化腐食の防止、並びに高温ガスのリーク防
止を図ったものである。[Prior Art] A cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell is used in a power generator having a configuration as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-1552836 of the present applicant, for example. One of such generators
An example is shown in FIG. This device is installed in an air supply chamber 12 such that both ends of a plurality of cylindrical cells 8 extend to a fuel supply chamber 11 and a fuel discharge chamber 13 in an airtight housing. The collector electrode for power collection is taken out of the fuel supply chamber 11 or the fuel discharge chamber 13, which is a low-temperature atmosphere, to reduce the reduction in the proof stress of the collector electrode, improve the battery performance, prevent oxidation corrosion, and prevent leakage of high-temperature gas. It is a thing.
従来このような発電装置内で使用される円筒型固体電
解質型燃料電池は、例えば第６図に示されるような構造
が採用されている。Conventionally, a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell used in such a power generator has a structure as shown in FIG. 6, for example.
円筒型セル８は外面にリード部２を具備しており、端
部において集電キャップ1bをセラミックスばね10を用い
て圧縮することによって集電キャップ1bと前記リード部
とを接触させている。The cylindrical cell 8 has a lead 2 on the outer surface, and the current collecting cap 1b is brought into contact with the lead by compressing the current collecting cap 1b with a ceramic spring 10 at the end.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ このような従来の技術による構造では、リード部と集
電キャップの接触面積はセルの断面積と等しく非常に限
られたものであり、また接触状態もかなり不安定であ
り、接触部に抵抗が生じ易く、特に高温状態になるにつ
れて接触抵抗値が増大した。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In such a structure according to the related art, the contact area between the lead portion and the current collecting cap is equal to the cross-sectional area of the cell, is very limited, and the contact state is also extremely poor. The contact portion was stable, and resistance was easily generated at the contact portion. In particular, the contact resistance value increased as the temperature became higher.
本発明は、高温状態において接触抵抗値の十分低い円
筒型固体電解質型燃料電池を提供することを目的とす
る。An object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell having a sufficiently low contact resistance in a high temperature state.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明において上記目的は、燃料電池の円筒型セルの
端部においてリード部を内面まで延在して形成し、集電
キャップを前記円筒型セルの端部に使用時の高温状態に
おいて前記リード部と密着する程度のクリアランスを有
して嵌入して前記内面に延在するリード部と接触させた
ことを特徴とする円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池によって
達成される。[Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention, the object is to form a lead portion extending to the inner surface at the end of a cylindrical cell of a fuel cell, and to form a current collecting cap on the end of the cylindrical cell. This is achieved by a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell characterized in that in a high temperature state during use, the cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell is fitted with clearance so as to be in close contact with the lead portion and brought into contact with the lead portion extending on the inner surface. .
［作用］ リード部が円筒型セルの端部内面まで延在することに
よって、リード部と集電キャップの接触面積は増大さ
れ、また使用時の高温状態において、集電キャップとリ
ード部の熱膨張係数の差を利用することで集電キャップ
が前記円筒型セルの端部で前記リード部と密着し、広面
積で確実な接続が形成される。[Operation] By extending the lead portion to the inner surface of the end of the cylindrical cell, the contact area between the lead portion and the current collecting cap is increased, and the thermal expansion of the current collecting cap and the lead portion in a high temperature state during use. By utilizing the difference between the coefficients, the current collecting cap is in close contact with the lead portion at the end of the cylindrical cell, and a wide area and reliable connection are formed.
［実施例］ 以下図面を参照にして本発明の実施例を説明する。第
１図および第２図に示すように、円筒状の円筒型セル８
は外面にリード部２を供え、そのリード部２は円筒型セ
ル８の端部において内面まで延在している。80Ni20A1/A
l2O350％−50％等でできているリード部２の外面には保
護するための保護膜３を溶射してある。集電キャップ１
は、リード線５と円筒型セル８のリード部２とを接続す
るもので、SUS,Ni等で作成されている。リード線５は集
電キャップ表面のねじ穴にねじ９にて接続される。集電
キャップ１は、円筒型セル８の端部に使用時の高温状態
においてリード部２と密着する程度のクリアランスを有
して嵌入され、前記リード部２と接触する。さらに集電
キャップ１と円筒型セル８の内面のリード部２との間に
は、接触を安定にするためのSUS,Ni等でできている柔軟
性材料４を介在させるとよい。また円筒型セル８は、第
３図に示すように多孔質管状基体15を土台にして、その
表面に燃料極16が間隔を置いて設けられ、前記燃料極16
の上部に固体電解質17を、またその上部に空気極18が接
続し、インタコネクタ19は固体電解質17および空気極18
と接続して近接する発電部に接続し、シール膜20を多孔
質管状基体15とインタコネクタ19の間に介在する発電部
が、複数個間隔をおいて直列に接続されている。上記発
電部は、燃料極16から燃料を供給し空気極18から空気を
供給し固体電解質17において発電を起こす。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylindrical cylindrical cell 8 is formed.
Has a lead 2 on its outer surface, which extends to the inner surface at the end of the cylindrical cell 8. 80Ni20A1 / A
The outer surface of the lead portion 2 made of a l 2 O 3 50% -50%, etc. are sprayed protective layer 3 for protecting. Current collecting cap 1
Is for connecting the lead wire 5 and the lead portion 2 of the cylindrical cell 8, and is made of SUS, Ni or the like. The lead wire 5 is connected to a screw hole on the surface of the current collecting cap with a screw 9. The current collecting cap 1 is fitted into the end of the cylindrical cell 8 with such a clearance as to be in close contact with the lead 2 in a high temperature state during use, and comes into contact with the lead 2. Further, a flexible material 4 made of SUS, Ni or the like for stabilizing contact may be interposed between the current collecting cap 1 and the lead portion 2 on the inner surface of the cylindrical cell 8. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical cell 8 has a porous tubular substrate 15 as a base, and fuel electrodes 16 are provided at intervals on the surface thereof.
The solid electrolyte 17 is connected to the upper part of the solid electrolyte 17 and the air electrode 18 is connected to the upper part thereof.
Are connected to a power generation unit adjacent thereto, and a power generation unit having the seal film 20 interposed between the porous tubular base 15 and the interconnector 19 is connected in series at a plurality of intervals. The power generation unit supplies fuel from the fuel electrode 16 and air from the air electrode 18 to generate power in the solid electrolyte 17.
第４図に示すような発電装置内で同実施例が使用され
る場合に着いて説明する。複数の円筒型セル８は上部抑
え板６によって上部を支えられ、またそれぞれの円筒型
セル８の下部の集電キャップは下部抑え板７によって拘
束されている。複数の円筒型セル８の燃料供給室11に面
しているそれぞれの下端部より燃料を供給し、各円筒型
セル８の内部を通して燃料排出室13へ送るとともに、空
気を空気供給室14へ供給して前記各円筒型セル８の外部
を大気雰囲気にすると、燃料と空気が反応を起こし、各
円筒型セル８は起電力を発生し、それを集電キャップ１
のリード線５によって集電する。未反応の燃料は燃料排
出室13に送られ、燃焼室14内で空気と混合して燃焼し排
気される。使用時は、燃料供給室11および燃料排出室13
の雰囲気温度は300乃至400℃であり、空気供給室12は空
気と燃料の燃焼が起こるため雰囲気温度は1000℃を越え
る。A description will be given of a case where the embodiment is used in a power generator as shown in FIG. The upper portions of the plurality of cylindrical cells 8 are supported by the upper holding plate 6, and the lower current collecting caps of the respective cylindrical cells 8 are restrained by the lower holding plate 7. Fuel is supplied from the lower end of each of the plurality of cylindrical cells 8 facing the fuel supply chamber 11, is sent to the fuel discharge chamber 13 through the inside of each cylindrical cell 8, and supplies air to the air supply chamber 14. Then, when the outside of each of the cylindrical cells 8 is brought into the atmosphere, the fuel and air react with each other, and each of the cylindrical cells 8 generates an electromotive force.
The current is collected by the lead wire 5. Unreacted fuel is sent to the fuel discharge chamber 13, mixed with air in the combustion chamber 14, burned and exhausted. When used, the fuel supply chamber 11 and the fuel discharge chamber 13
Is 300 to 400 ° C., and the air supply chamber 12 exceeds 1000 ° C. because combustion of air and fuel occurs in the air supply chamber 12.
例えば集電キャップ１がSUS 316で作成されているな
らばその熱膨張係数αは17×10-6／℃であり、リード部
２が80Ni20A1/Al2O3 50％−50％であればαは10×10-6
／℃である。高温状態になるにつれ、この熱膨張係数の
差により外側のリード部２に比べ内側の集電キャップ１
の方がより大きく膨張するため、密着性が向上し接触抵
抗値が減少する。（第５図参照。）従って、使用時の接
触抵抗値は従来の技術の1/50ほどの0.01Ω程度となり、
円筒型セル８自体の抵抗値が１乃至２Ωであることから
割合は１％程度で十分許容範囲内となる。また柔軟性材
料４を設けることによって、リード部２と集電キャップ
１の接触は安定し、円筒型セルの断面形状に多少の偏心
がある場合においても接触面積がより大きくなる。For example, if the current collecting cap 1 is made of SUS 316, its thermal expansion coefficient α is 17 × 10 −6 / ° C., and if the lead 2 is 80Ni20A1 / Al 2 O 3 50% -50%, α Is 10 × 10 -6
/ ° C. As the temperature rises, the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion causes the current collecting cap 1 on the inner side to be larger than the lead 2 on the outer side.
Since the swelling is larger, the adhesion is improved and the contact resistance value is reduced. (Refer to Fig. 5.) Therefore, the contact resistance during use is about 0.01Ω, about 1/50 of that of the conventional technology.
Since the resistance value of the cylindrical cell 8 itself is 1 to 2Ω, the ratio is about 1%, which is within a sufficiently allowable range. Further, by providing the flexible material 4, the contact between the lead portion 2 and the current collecting cap 1 is stabilized, and the contact area becomes larger even when the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical cell has some eccentricity.
上記のような燃料電池では金属の集電キャップを使用
するので、酸化腐食を回避するために集電部を常に還元
雰囲気に保つことが望ましい。しかし例えば前記特願昭
63−152836号明細書に記載されたような発電装置内で使
用する場合は、発電装置の構造上燃料供給室、燃料排出
室および円筒型セル内にはH2が流れており常に還元雰囲
気に保持されているため、特に酸化腐食を回避するため
の方法を考える必要はない。Since the above-described fuel cell uses a metal current collecting cap, it is desirable to always keep the current collecting portion in a reducing atmosphere in order to avoid oxidative corrosion. However, for example,
When used in power generation apparatus as described in 63-152836 Pat are structurally fuel supply chamber of the generator, the fuel discharge chamber and cylindrical in the cell always reducing atmosphere and is flowing H 2 Since it is retained, it is not necessary to consider a method for avoiding oxidative corrosion.
また本発明では集電キャップを嵌入する際に適度なク
リアランスを設けてあるため、これにより常温状態にお
いて集電キャップの取り外しが容易となりメインテナン
スの作業性が大きく向上する。また、上記構造としたた
めに従来の技術のような余分なリード部がなくなり、全
体の構造に占める発電部の割合が増大するためコンパク
トな構造が可能となった。In addition, in the present invention, since an appropriate clearance is provided when the current collecting cap is inserted, the current collecting cap can be easily removed at a normal temperature, and the workability of maintenance is greatly improved. In addition, the above structure eliminates extra lead portions as in the prior art, and increases the ratio of the power generation unit to the entire structure, thereby enabling a compact structure.
［発明の効果］ 本発明は、上記のような構造により熱膨張係数の差を
利用して、円筒型セルの端部内面まで延在しているリー
ド部と嵌入された集電キャップとが使用状態で堅密に接
触することにより、高温状態において接触抵抗値の十分
低い円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池を提供することができ
る。[Effects of the Invention] The present invention uses a lead extending to the inner surface of the end of the cylindrical cell and a fitted current collecting cap by utilizing the difference in thermal expansion coefficient due to the above structure. By tightly contacting in a state, a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell having a sufficiently low contact resistance in a high temperature state can be provided.
第１図は、本発明の１実施例の円筒型固体電解質型燃料
電池の断面図である。 第２図は、第１図の実施例の一部を分解した斜視図であ
る。 第３図は、第１図の実施例内の円筒型セルの部分断面図
である。 第４図は、本発明の１実施例を使用する発電装置の説明
図である。 第５図は、温度と接触抵抗値の関係を示すグラフであ
る。 第６図は、従来の円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池の断面図
である。 1,1b…集電キャップ、２…リード部、３…保護膜、４…
柔軟性材料、５…リード線、６…上部抑え板、７…下部
抑え板、８…円筒型セル、９…ねじ、10…セラミックス
ばね、11…燃料供給室、12…空気供給室、13…燃料排出
室、14…燃料室、15…多孔質管状基体、16…燃料極、17
…固体電解質、18…空気極、19…インタコネクタ、20…
シール膜。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a part of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a cylindrical cell in the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a power generator using one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a temperature and a contact resistance value. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell. 1,1b: current collecting cap, 2: lead part, 3: protective film, 4 ...
Flexible material, 5 ... Lead wire, 6 ... Upper holding plate, 7 ... Lower holding plate, 8 ... Cylindrical cell, 9 ... Screw, 10 ... Ceramic spring, 11 ... Fuel supply chamber, 12 ... Air supply chamber, 13 ... Fuel discharge chamber, 14: Fuel chamber, 15: Porous tubular substrate, 16: Fuel electrode, 17
… Solid electrolyte, 18… Air electrode, 19… Interconnector, 20…
Seal membrane.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭58−175267（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−64070（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭63−77263（ＪＰ，Ｕ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-175267 (JP, A) JP-A-62-64070 (JP, A) JP-A-63-77263 (JP, U)
Claims (1)
ド部を内面まで延在して形成し、 集電キャップを前記円筒型セルの端部に使用時の高温状
態において前記リード部と密着する程度のクリアランス
を有して嵌入して前記内面に延在するリード部と接触さ
せたことを特徴とする円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池。1. A lead portion is formed at an end of a cylindrical cell of a fuel cell so as to extend to an inner surface, and a current collecting cap is in close contact with the end of the cylindrical cell in a high temperature state when used. A cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell which is fitted with a sufficient clearance and brought into contact with a lead extending to the inner surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1166915A JP2601911B2 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1989-06-30 | Cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1166915A JP2601911B2 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1989-06-30 | Cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0334258A JPH0334258A (en) | 1991-02-14 |
| JP2601911B2 true JP2601911B2 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
Family
ID=15840003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1166915A Expired - Fee Related JP2601911B2 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1989-06-30 | Cylindrical solid oxide fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2601911B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8940456B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2015-01-27 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and manufacturing method of the same |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19650901C2 (en) * | 1996-12-07 | 1999-03-25 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Device for connecting a line to a fuel cell stack |
| AU2003215318A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-09 | Acumentrics Corporation | Fuel cell stacking and sealing |
| US7629069B2 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2009-12-08 | Nanodynamics Energy, Inc. | Solid oxide fuel cell system |
| JP2007095442A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-12 | Toto Ltd | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| JP2009110852A (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-05-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel cell module |
| JP5212776B2 (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2013-06-19 | Ｔｏｔｏ株式会社 | FUEL CELL STACK, FUEL CELL MODULE EQUIPPED WITH THE SAME, FUEL CELL INCLUDING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUEL CELL MODULE |
| JP6153066B2 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2017-06-28 | Toto株式会社 | Solid oxide fuel cell device |
| JP6150055B2 (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2017-06-21 | Toto株式会社 | Solid oxide fuel cell device |
| JP2016039059A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-03-22 | Toto株式会社 | Solid oxide type fuel battery device |
| JP6350813B2 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2018-07-04 | Toto株式会社 | Solid oxide fuel cell device |
| JP6297199B1 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-03-20 | 日本碍子株式会社 | End current collecting member and cell stack device |
-
1989
- 1989-06-30 JP JP1166915A patent/JP2601911B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8940456B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2015-01-27 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and manufacturing method of the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0334258A (en) | 1991-02-14 |
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