JP2521283Y2 - Upper limb drive bicycle - Google Patents
Upper limb drive bicycleInfo
- Publication number
- JP2521283Y2 JP2521283Y2 JP1991034896U JP3489691U JP2521283Y2 JP 2521283 Y2 JP2521283 Y2 JP 2521283Y2 JP 1991034896 U JP1991034896 U JP 1991034896U JP 3489691 U JP3489691 U JP 3489691U JP 2521283 Y2 JP2521283 Y2 JP 2521283Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steering
- upper limb
- frame
- seat
- front wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本考案は，上肢により駆動する上
肢駆動式自転車に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an upper limb drive type bicycle driven by upper limbs.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の車椅子は，車輪に同心円状に設け
たハンドリムを両手（上肢）により前後方向に繰り返し
駆動して，走行するようにしている。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional wheelchair, a hand rim concentrically provided on a wheel is repeatedly driven by both hands (upper limbs) in the front-rear direction to run.
【０００３】[0003]
【考案が解決しようとする課題】従来の車椅子は前記の
ように車輪に同心円状に設けたハンドルリムを両手（上
肢）により前後方向に繰り返し駆動して、走行するよう
にしており、変速機操作機構やブレーキ操作機構を取り
扱う場合、ハンドルリムから手を離さなければならなく
て、長い距離を速く、安全に走行し難いという問題があ
った。本考案は前記の問題点に鑑み提案するものであ
り、その目的とする処は、下肢に障害のある者でも、
長い距離を速く、安全に走行でき、スムーズに旋回さ
せることができる上肢駆動式自転車を提供しようとする
点にある。In the conventional wheelchair, as described above, the handle rim concentrically provided on the wheel is repeatedly driven by the both hands (upper limbs) in the front-rear direction to drive the vehicle. When handling the mechanism and the brake operation mechanism, there is a problem that it is difficult to drive safely over a long distance quickly because the hand has to be released from the handle rim. The present invention is proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a person with a lower limb disorder,
The point is to provide an upper limb drive bicycle that can travel long distances quickly, safely and smoothly.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本考案は、左右の後輪と操向可能な左右の前輪と
を有するフレームの中央部に足載せ台とこの足載せ台に
足を載せて着座する座席とを設け、この座席近くのフレ
ームに上肢式駆動機構を設け、この上肢式駆動機構と後
輪とを動力伝達機構により連結した上肢式自転車におい
て、前記座席近くのフレームに左側の手動クランク式回
転駆動機構と右側の手動クランク式回転駆動機構とを設
け、これら手動クランク式回転駆動機構の近くのフレー
ムに手動の前輪操舵機構と変速機操作機構とブレーキ操
作機構とを設けている（請求項１）。前記上肢駆動式自
転車において、前輪操舵機構を、フレームの前端中央部
付近に中央部を中心に水平方向への揺動を可能に枢支し
たＬ字形の操舵用リンクと、フレームの前部に設けた手
動の操舵用リンク揺動用操舵レバーと、操舵用リンクの
左端部と左側前輪の操舵用リンクとを連結した左側の操
舵アームと、操舵用リンクの右端部と右側前輪の操舵用
リンクとを連結した右側の操舵アームとにより構成し
て、左右の前輪のうち、旋回時の外輪の操舵角をθ1 、
内輪の操舵角をθ2 とすると、θ1 ＜θ2 にしてもよい
（請求項２）。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a footrest and a footrest in the center of a frame having left and right rear wheels and steerable left and right front wheels. In the upper limb type bicycle in which a seat for placing feet on and seating is provided, an upper limb type drive mechanism is provided in a frame near this seat, and the upper limb type drive mechanism and the rear wheel are connected by a power transmission mechanism, near the seat. A left hand crank type rotary drive mechanism and a right hand crank type rotary drive mechanism are provided in the frame, and a manual front wheel steering mechanism, a transmission operation mechanism and a brake operation mechanism are provided in a frame near these manual crank type rotary drive mechanism. Is provided (Claim 1). In the upper limb drive type bicycle, a front wheel steering mechanism is provided in the front portion of the frame, and an L-shaped steering link pivotally supported near the center portion of the front end of the frame so as to swing horizontally around the center portion. The manual steering link swing lever, the left steering arm connecting the left end of the steering link and the left front wheel steering link, the right end of the steering link and the right front wheel steering link. It is composed of the connected right steering arm, and the steering angle of the outer wheel when turning is θ 1 ,
If the steering angle of the inner wheel is θ 2 , θ 1 <θ 2 may be satisfied (claim 2).
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】本考案の上肢駆動式自転車は前記のように構成
されており、座席に着座して、足を足載せ台に載せた
後、両手（上肢）により左側の手動クランク式回転駆動
機構と右側の手動クランク式回転駆動機構とを駆動し、
その動きを動力伝達機構を介して後輪に伝えて、上肢駆
動式自転車を走行させ、操向時には、片手を前輪操舵機
構の握りに持ち替え、これを操作して、前輪を旋回さ
せ、変速時には、片手を変速機操作機構に持ち替え、こ
れを操作して、変速を行い、制動時には、片手をブレー
キ操作機構に持ち替え、これを操作して、制動を行う。
その際、残る片手は手動クランク式回転駆動機構を駆動
しており、上肢駆動式自転車は走行し続ける。また上記
操向時、左右の前輪のうち、外輪の操舵角θ1 と内輪の
操舵角θ2 とがθ1 ＜θ2 になるので、上肢駆動式自転
車がスムーズに旋回する。The upper limb drive type bicycle of the present invention is constructed as described above, and after sitting on the seat and placing the foot on the footrest, the left hand crank type rotary drive mechanism is operated by both hands (upper limbs). Drive the right hand crank type rotary drive mechanism,
The movement is transmitted to the rear wheels via the power transmission mechanism to drive the upper limb drive type bicycle, and when steering, one hand is replaced by the grip of the front wheel steering mechanism, and this is operated to turn the front wheels and when shifting , One hand is changed to a transmission operation mechanism, and this is operated to shift gears, and at the time of braking, one hand is changed to a brake operation mechanism, which is operated to perform braking.
At that time, the remaining one hand drives the manual crank type rotary drive mechanism, and the upper limb drive type bicycle continues to run. Further, during the steering operation, the steering angle θ 1 of the outer wheel and the steering angle θ 2 of the inner wheel of the left and right front wheels are θ 1 <θ 2 , so that the upper limb drive type bicycle smoothly turns.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】次に本考案の上肢駆動式自転車を図１乃至図
３に示す一実施例により説明すると，１がフレーム，１
６が同フレーム１の中央部に取付けたアームパイプで，
同フレーム１及び同アームパイプ１６には，座シート２
と背凭れ３と足載せ台４とが取付けられている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An upper limb drive type bicycle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS.
6 is an arm pipe attached to the center of the frame 1,
The seat 1 is attached to the frame 1 and the arm pipe 16.
A backrest 3 and a footrest 4 are attached.
【０００７】またフレーム１の後部中央部には，後輪５
が着脱自在に取付けられている。また２７，２７がフレ
ーム１の前部左右に取付けた軸受，２６，２６が同各軸
受２７により水平方向への旋回を可能に支持された軸受
で，これらの軸受２６により左右の前輪６，６が垂直方
向軸Ａを中心とした操向を可能に支持されている。この
前輪６も，軸受２６に対して着脱自在である。At the center of the rear part of the frame 1, there are rear wheels 5
Are detachably attached. Further, 27 and 27 are bearings mounted on the front left and right sides of the frame 1, and 26 and 26 are bearings supported by the respective bearings 27 so as to be capable of turning in the horizontal direction. Are supported so that they can be steered about the vertical axis A. The front wheel 6 is also detachable from the bearing 26.
【０００８】また座シート２両側のアームパイプ１６に
は，左右のクランク８，８が水平軸Ｂを中心とした回転
を可能に取付けられ，これらクランク８の先端部には，
走行用握り７が取付けられている。９，９が上記各水平
軸Ｂに取付けたギヤ，１１，１１が座シート２両側下部
に配設した左右のフリーギヤで，同各フリーギヤ１１
は，座シート２下部のフレーム１部分に回転可能に取付
けた連結軸（図示せず）の両端部に取付けられている。
また１０，１０が上記各ギヤ９と上記各フリーギヤ１１
とを連結する左右のチエーン，１２が同連結軸の中央部
に取付けた大ギヤ，１４が上記後輪５の車軸に取付けた
多段ギヤ，１３が上記大ギヤ１２と上記多段ギヤ１４と
を連結するチエーン，１５が同チエーン１３を上記多段
ギヤ１４の何れかに掛け替える変速機である。Left and right cranks 8, 8 are attached to the arm pipes 16 on both sides of the seat 2 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis B.
A grip 7 for traveling is attached. Reference numerals 9 and 9 denote gears attached to the respective horizontal axes B, and 11 and 11 denote left and right free gears disposed on the lower portions of both sides of the seat 2 respectively.
Are attached to both ends of a connecting shaft (not shown) rotatably attached to the frame 1 under the seat 2.
Further, 10 and 10 are the respective gears 9 and the respective free gears 11 described above.
The left and right chains for connecting and, 12 is a large gear attached to the central portion of the connecting shaft, 14 is a multistage gear attached to the axle of the rear wheel 5, and 13 is a connection between the large gear 12 and the multistage gear 14. The chains 15, 15 are transmissions in which the chain 13 is replaced with any of the multi-stage gears 14.
【０００９】１７が操舵レバー，２２が同操舵レバー１
７の上端部に取付けた操舵用握りで，この操舵レバー１
７の下端部がフレーム１の前部右側に枢支されている。
また２０がフレーム１の前端中央部寄りに枢支した操舵
用リンク，１９が同操舵用リンク２０と上記操舵レバー
１７とを連結する操舵用ロツド，２８，２８が上記各軸
受２６から前後方向に延びた操舵用アーム，２１，２１
が同各操舵用アーム２８の前端部と上記操舵用リンク２
０の前端部とを連結する操舵用連結ロツド，２５，２５
が上記各操舵用アーム２８を中立位置方向に付勢するば
ねである。Reference numeral 17 is a steering lever, and 22 is a steering lever 1.
With the steering grip attached to the upper end of 7, the steering lever 1
The lower end of 7 is pivotally supported on the front right side of the frame 1.
Further, 20 is a steering link pivotally supported near the center of the front end of the frame 1, 19 is a steering rod connecting the steering link 20 and the steering lever 17, 28, 28 are forward and backward from each bearing 26. Extended steering arms, 21, 21
Is the front end portion of each steering arm 28 and the steering link 2
Connecting rod for steering, 25, 25 for connecting with the front end of 0
Is a spring for urging each of the steering arms 28 toward the neutral position.
【００１０】１８が後輪５を制動するキヤリパーブレー
キで，このキヤリパーブレーキ１８がフレーム１に取付
けられている。また２３が上記操舵レバー１７の上端部
に枢支したブレーキレバーで，このブレーキレバー２３
と上記キヤリパーブレーキ１８とがブレーキ用ワイヤ２
９により連結されている。２４が上記操舵レバー１７の
上端部に枢支した変速レバーで，この変速レバー２４と
上記変速機１５とが変速機用ワイヤ３０により連結され
ている。Reference numeral 18 denotes a caliper brake for braking the rear wheel 5. The caliper brake 18 is attached to the frame 1. Reference numeral 23 is a brake lever pivotally supported on the upper end of the steering lever 17.
And the above-mentioned caliper brake 18 include the brake wire 2
9 are connected. A gear shift lever 24 is pivotally supported on the upper end of the steering lever 17, and the gear shift lever 24 and the transmission 15 are connected by a transmission wire 30.
【００１１】次に前記図１乃至図３に示す上肢駆動式自
転車の作用を具体的に説明する。座シート２に着席し，
背中を背凭れ３に当てがい，さらに足を足載せ台４に載
せた後，左右の走行用握り７を両手で握り，左右のクラ
ンク８を水平軸Ｂを中心に回転させて，左右のギヤ９の
回転をチエーン１０→フリーギヤ１１→大ギヤ１２→チ
エーン１３→多段ギヤ１４を経て後輪５に伝え，後輪５
を回転させて，自転車を走行させる。Next, the operation of the upper limb drive type bicycle shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be specifically described. Sit on seat 2
After putting your back on the backrest 3 and placing your feet on the footrest 4, hold the left and right hand grips 7 with both hands, rotate the left and right cranks 8 about the horizontal axis B, and set the left and right gears. The rotation of 9 is transmitted to the rear wheel 5 through the chain 10 → free gear 11 → large gear 12 → chain 13 → multistage gear 14, and the rear wheel 5
Rotate to drive the bicycle.
【００１２】このとき，操向の必要が生じれば，片手を
走行用握り７から操舵用握り２２に持ち替え，操舵レバ
ー１７をその下端枢支部を中心に前後方向に揺動させ，
その回転を操舵用ロツド１９→操舵用リンク２０→操舵
用連結ロツド２１，２１→操舵用アーム２８，２８→軸
受２６，２６に伝えて，軸受２６，２６と前輪６，６と
を垂直方向軸Ａを中心に旋回させる。At this time, if steering becomes necessary, one hand is changed from the grip 7 for traveling to the grip 22 for steering, and the steering lever 17 is swung in the front-back direction about its lower end pivotal support,
The rotation is transmitted to the steering rod 19 → the steering link 20 → the steering connecting rods 21 and 21 → the steering arms 28 and 28 → the bearings 26 and 26, so that the bearings 26 and 26 and the front wheels 6 and 6 are vertically axised. Turn around A.
【００１３】また変速の必要が生じれば，片手を走行用
握り７から変速レバー２４に持ち替え，同変速レバー２
４を操作して，その動きを変速機用ワイヤ３０を経て変
速機１５に伝え，同変速機１５を作動して，チエーン１
３を多段ギヤ１４の何れかに掛け替える。また制動の必
要が生じれば，片手を走行用握り７からブレーキレバー
２３に持ち替え，同ブレーキレバー２３を操作して，そ
の動きをブレーキ用ワイヤ２９を経てキヤリパーブレー
キ１８に伝え，同キヤリパーブレーキ１８を作動して，
自転車を制動する。When a shift is required, one hand is moved from the grip 7 for traveling to the shift lever 24, and the shift lever 2 is moved.
4 is operated to transmit the movement to the transmission 15 through the transmission wire 30, and the transmission 15 is operated to drive the chain 1
3 is changed to any one of the multistage gears 14. When braking is required, one hand is moved from the grip 7 for traveling to the brake lever 23, the brake lever 23 is operated, and the movement is transmitted to the caliper brake 18 via the brake wire 29. Activate the brake 18,
Brake the bicycle.
【００１４】なお図３の垂直方向軸Ａは，必ずしも垂直
でなくてよく，直進走行性の点からは寧ろ前後方向及び
左右方向に傾斜させている方がよい。また操舵時，左右
の前輪は，内輪側と外輪側とで操舵角が異なり，外輪の
操舵角θ1 よりも内輪の操舵角θ2 の方が大きい。図
４，５は，上記のように操舵角を異ならせるための前輪
操舵機構の他の実施例である。The vertical axis A in FIG. 3 does not necessarily have to be vertical, and it is better to incline in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction from the viewpoint of straight running performance. During steering, the left and right front wheels have different steering angles between the inner wheel side and the outer wheel side, and the steering angle θ 2 of the inner wheel is larger than the steering angle θ 1 of the outer wheel. 4 and 5 show another embodiment of the front wheel steering mechanism for varying the steering angle as described above.
【００１５】[0015]
【考案の効果】本考案の上肢駆動式自転車は前記のよう
に座席に着座して、足を足載せ台に載せた後、両手（上
肢）により左側の手動クランク式回転駆動機構と右側の
手動クランク式回転駆動機構とを駆動し、その動きを動
力伝達機構を介して後輪に伝えて、上肢駆動式自転車を
走行させので、走行駆動が連続的な回転運動になって、
従来の車椅子のようにハンドルリムを両手で前後方向に
繰り返し駆動する場合に比べると、下肢に障害のある者
でも、長い距離を速く走行できる。[Effects of the Invention] The upper limb drive type bicycle of the present invention is seated on the seat as described above, and after the feet are placed on the footrest, the left hand crank type rotary drive mechanism and the right hand manual are operated by both hands (upper limbs). By driving the crank type rotary drive mechanism and transmitting the movement to the rear wheels via the power transmission mechanism to drive the upper limb drive type bicycle, the running drive becomes a continuous rotary motion,
Compared to the case where the handle rim is repeatedly driven in the front-back direction with both hands as in a conventional wheelchair, even a person with a lower limb can travel a long distance faster.
【００１６】また操向時には、片手を前輪操舵機構の握
りに持ち替え、これを操作して、前輪を旋回させ、変速
時には、片手を変速機操作機構に持ち替え、これを操作
して、変速を行い、制動時には、片手をブレーキ操作機
構に持ち替え、これを操作して、制動を行うので、安全
に走行できる。また上記上記操向時、左右の前輪のう
ち、外輪の操舵角θ1 と内輪の操舵角θ2 とがθ1 ＜θ
2 になるので、上肢駆動式自転車をスムーズに旋回させ
ることができる。During steering, one hand is replaced by the grip of the front wheel steering mechanism, and this is operated to turn the front wheels. At the time of gear shifting, one hand is replaced by the transmission operating mechanism, which is operated to shift gears. During braking, one hand is changed to the brake operation mechanism, and the brake operation mechanism is operated to perform braking, so that the driver can travel safely. In the above steering operation, the steering angle θ 1 of the outer wheels and the steering angle θ 2 of the inner wheels of the left and right front wheels are θ 1 <θ
Since it becomes 2 , the upper limb drive type bicycle can be smoothly turned.
【図１】本考案の上肢駆動式自転車の一実施例を示す側
面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of an upper limb drive type bicycle of the present invention.
【図２】同上肢駆動式自転車の平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the upper limb drive type bicycle.
【図３】同上肢駆動式自転車の前輪操舵機構と変速機操
作機構とブレーキ操作機構とを示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a front wheel steering mechanism, a transmission operating mechanism and a brake operating mechanism of the same upper limb drive type bicycle.
【図４】前輪操舵機構の他の実施例の直進走行時におけ
るステアリンダポジシヨンを示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a steering position during straight running of another embodiment of the front wheel steering mechanism.
【図５】同前輪操舵機構の右旋回走行時におけるステア
リンダポジシヨンを示す説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a steering position when the front wheel steering mechanism is traveling rightward.
１ フレーム ２ 座席（座シート） ３ 座席（背凭れ） ４ 足載せ台 ５ 後輪 ６ 前輪 ７〜９ クランク式回転駆動機構 １０〜１４ 動力伝達機構 １５ 変速機 １７〜２８ 前輪操舵機構 １８ ブレーキ ２３，２９ ブレーキ操作機構 ２４，３０ 変速機操作機構 1 frame 2 seat (seat seat) 3 seat (backrest) 4 footrest 5 rear wheel 6 front wheel 7-9 crank type rotary drive mechanism 10-14 power transmission mechanism 15 transmission 17-28 front wheel steering mechanism 18 brake 23, 29 brake operating mechanism 24, 30 transmission operating mechanism
Claims (2)
有するフレームの中央部に足載せ台とこの足載せ台に足
を載せて着座する座席とを設け、この座席近くのフレー
ムに上肢式駆動機構を設け、この上肢式駆動機構と後輪
とを動力伝達機構により連結した上肢式自転車におい
て、前記座席近くのフレームに左側の手動クランク式回
転駆動機構と右側の手動クランク式回転駆動機構とを設
け、これら手動クランク式回転駆動機構の近くのフレー
ムに手動の前輪操舵機構と変速機操作機構とブレーキ操
作機構とを設けたことを特徴とする上肢駆動式自転車。1. A footrest and a seat on which the foot is placed to sit on the center of a frame having left and right rear wheels and steerable left and right front wheels, and a frame near the seat. In the upper limb type bicycle in which the upper limb type driving mechanism is installed in the vehicle, and the upper limb type driving mechanism and the rear wheel are connected by a power transmission mechanism, a left hand crank type rotary driving mechanism and a right hand crank type rotating mechanism are provided in a frame near the seat. An upper limb drive type bicycle comprising a drive mechanism and a manual front wheel steering mechanism, a transmission operating mechanism and a brake operating mechanism provided on a frame near these manual crank type rotary drive mechanisms.
端中央部付近に中央部を中心に水平方向への揺動を可能
に枢支したＬ字形の操舵用リンクと、前記フレームの前
部に設けた手動の操舵用リンク揺動用操舵レバーと、上
記操舵用リンクの左端部と左側前輪の操舵用リンクとを
連結した左側の操舵アームと、上記操舵用リンクの右端
部と右側前輪の操舵用リンクとを連結した右側の操舵ア
ームとにより構成して、左右の前輪のうち、旋回時の外
輪の操舵角をθ1 、内輪の操舵角をθ2 とすると、θ1
＜θ2 にした請求項１記載の上肢駆動式自転車。2. An L-shaped steering link that pivotally supports the front wheel steering mechanism in the vicinity of the center of the front end of the frame so as to be capable of swinging in the horizontal direction around the center, and at the front of the frame. A manual steering link swing steering lever provided, a left steering arm connecting the left end of the steering link and the left front wheel steering link, and the right end of the steering link and the right front wheel steering constituted by the right steering arm connecting the links, of the left and right front wheels, 1 a steering angle of the turning when the outer theta, when the inner ring of the steering angle and theta 2, theta 1
The upper limb drive type bicycle according to claim 1, wherein <θ 2 is satisfied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991034896U JP2521283Y2 (en) | 1991-05-17 | 1991-05-17 | Upper limb drive bicycle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991034896U JP2521283Y2 (en) | 1991-05-17 | 1991-05-17 | Upper limb drive bicycle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04128995U JPH04128995U (en) | 1992-11-25 |
| JP2521283Y2 true JP2521283Y2 (en) | 1996-12-25 |
Family
ID=31917184
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991034896U Expired - Lifetime JP2521283Y2 (en) | 1991-05-17 | 1991-05-17 | Upper limb drive bicycle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2521283Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2305810T3 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2008-11-01 | Kudhara, Inc. | VEHICLE OF HELP TO MOVIULITY. |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61107501A (en) * | 1984-10-30 | 1986-05-26 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Photomagnetic card recording system |
| US4773662A (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1988-09-27 | Ultra M.A.C. Corp. | Double-drive bicycle |
-
1991
- 1991-05-17 JP JP1991034896U patent/JP2521283Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04128995U (en) | 1992-11-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 19960709 |