JP2024087563A - Unmanned spraying machine - Google Patents

Unmanned spraying machine Download PDF

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JP2024087563A
JP2024087563A JP2022202456A JP2022202456A JP2024087563A JP 2024087563 A JP2024087563 A JP 2024087563A JP 2022202456 A JP2022202456 A JP 2022202456A JP 2022202456 A JP2022202456 A JP 2022202456A JP 2024087563 A JP2024087563 A JP 2024087563A
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spraying
running
vehicle body
traveling
unmanned
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伸一 松家
信芳 山田
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】本発明は、無人で走行する無人散布作業機とすることで、作業者が搭乗する乗車装置を無くして走行車体に大容量の薬液タンクを搭載することが可能になり、作業者が散布農薬に被爆することなく、広範囲の散布作業を行えるようにした無人散布作業機とすることを課題とする。【解決手段】走行装置2,3を装着した走行車体1に動力源5と走行装置2,3を制御する走行制御装置16と遠隔指令装置18から制御信号を受ける無線通信装置17とポンプ7を搭載し、これら動力源5等を収納する凹み部10aを有する薬液タンク10で走行車体1の略全面を覆って搭載し、走行車体1の後側に散布装置11を装着し、前側に除草作業機13を装着する無人散布作業機とする。【選択図】図1[Problem] The present invention aims to provide an unmanned spraying machine that runs unmanned, which can be equipped with a large-capacity pesticide tank on the running body without the need for a riding device for the operator, and can perform spraying work over a wide area without the operator being exposed to the sprayed pesticide. [Solution] A power source 5, a running control device 16 that controls the running devices 2 and 3, a wireless communication device 17 that receives control signals from a remote command device 18, and a pump 7 are mounted on a running body 1 equipped with running devices 2 and 3, and a pesticide tank 10 having a recessed portion 10a that stores the power source 5, etc. is mounted so as to cover almost the entire surface of the running body 1, a spraying device 11 is mounted on the rear of the running body 1, and a weeding machine 13 is mounted on the front. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、圃場を走行しながら農薬等を散布する散布作業機で自動走行する無人散布作業機に関する。 The present invention relates to an unmanned, automatically traveling spraying machine that sprays agricultural chemicals and the like while traveling in a field.

散布作業機は、特開2020-89288号公報の圃場作業機や、特許第6508232号公報の散布システムに記載されている。 The spraying machine is described in the field work machine of JP 2020-89288 A and the spraying system of JP Patent No. 6508232 A.

前記第一の圃場作業機は、地上走行の作業車とこれに追従して飛行する散布飛行体で構成している。また、第二の散布システムは、作業者が搭乗して操縦する走行車体に薬液タンクと左右に拡げる散布ブームを設けた散布作業車と散布飛行体で構成した散布システムである。 The first field work machine is composed of a ground-traveling work vehicle and a spraying aircraft that flies following it. The second spraying system is a spraying system composed of a spraying work vehicle and a spraying aircraft that is equipped with a chemical tank and a spraying boom that spreads out to the left and right on a traveling vehicle body that is operated by an operator.

特開2020-89288号公報JP 2020-89288 A 特許第6508232号公報Japanese Patent No. 6508232

散布作業車は、走行車体上に作業者が搭乗する乗車装置が必要で薬液タンクをあまり大きく出来ず、散布域が限られてくる。また、散布飛行体で散布するのは薬液タンクを大容量にすることが出来ず、この場合も散布域が限られている。 Spraying vehicles require a riding device for the operator to ride on top of the vehicle body, so the chemical tank cannot be made very large, limiting the spraying area. In addition, when spraying with a spraying aircraft, the chemical tank cannot be made large-capacity, so the spraying area is also limited in this case.

本発明は、無人で走行する無人散布作業機とすることで、作業者が搭乗する乗車装置を無くして走行車体に大容量の薬液タンクを搭載することが可能になり、作業者が散布農薬に被爆することなく、広範囲の散布作業を行えるようにした無人散布作業機とすることを課題とする。 The objective of the present invention is to provide an unmanned spraying machine that runs autonomously, eliminating the need for a riding device for the operator and making it possible to mount a large-capacity pesticide tank on the running vehicle, thereby enabling the operator to perform spraying over a wide area without being exposed to the sprayed pesticide.

上記本発明の課題は、次の技術手段により解決される。 The above problem of the present invention is solved by the following technical means.

請求項1の発明は、走行装置2,3を装着した走行車体1に動力源5と走行装置2,3を制御する走行制御装置16と遠隔指令装置18から制御信号を受ける無線通信装置17とポンプ7を搭載し、これら動力源5等を収納する凹み部10aを有する薬液タンク10で走行車体1の略全面を覆って搭載し、走行車体1の後側に散布装置11を装着し、前側に除草作業機13を装着する無人散布作業機とする。 The invention of claim 1 is an unmanned spraying machine that is equipped with a driving source 5, a driving control device 16 that controls the driving devices 2 and 3, a wireless communication device 17 that receives control signals from a remote command device 18, and a pump 7 on a traveling body 1 equipped with traveling devices 2 and 3, and is mounted so that a chemical liquid tank 10 having a recessed portion 10a that stores the driving source 5 and the like covers almost the entire surface of the traveling body 1, a spraying device 11 is attached to the rear of the traveling body 1, and a weeding machine 13 is attached to the front.

請求項2の発明は、薬液タンク10の凹み部10a側方を解放し、薬液タンク10を側方へスライドして走行車体1から取り外し可能にすると共に薬液タンク10を搭載したままで解放側から凹み部10aの内部をメンテナンス可能にした請求項1に記載の無人散布作業機とする。 The invention of claim 2 is an unmanned spraying machine as described in claim 1, in which the side of the recessed portion 10a of the liquid tank 10 is opened, the liquid tank 10 can be slid sideways to be removed from the traveling vehicle body 1, and the inside of the recessed portion 10a can be maintained from the opened side while the liquid tank 10 is still mounted.

請求項3の発明は、無線通信装置17から遠隔指令装置18に対して走行車体1の走行方向を送信する請求項1に記載の無人散布作業機とする。 The invention of claim 3 is an unmanned spraying machine as described in claim 1, in which the wireless communication device 17 transmits the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body 1 to the remote control device 18.

請求項4の発明は、散布装置11或いは除草作業機13の駆動を遠隔指令装置18に通知することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無人散布作業機とする。 The invention of claim 4 is an unmanned spraying machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that the operation of the spraying device 11 or the weeding machine 13 is notified to a remote command device 18.

請求項1の発明で、走行装置2,3で走行する走行車体1には駆動源5や遠隔指令装置18からの制御信号を受ける無線通信装置17と走行制御装置16とポンプ7を搭載し、散布装置11か除草作業機13を駆動して走行車体1を走行させて散布作業か除草作業を行うが、走行車体1が大きな薬液タンク10が覆われているので、多量の薬液を積載して長時間の散布作業が行え、動力源5や走行制御装置16や無線通信装置17が薬液タンク10で覆われて外部に晒されることが無い。 In the invention of claim 1, the traveling vehicle body 1 traveling on the traveling devices 2 and 3 is equipped with a wireless communication device 17 that receives control signals from the drive source 5 and remote command device 18, a traveling control device 16, and a pump 7, and drives the spraying device 11 or the weeding machine 13 to move the traveling vehicle body 1 to perform spraying or weeding work. Since the traveling vehicle body 1 is covered by a large chemical solution tank 10, it can carry a large amount of chemical solution and perform spraying work for a long time, and the power source 5, traveling control device 16, and wireless communication device 17 are covered by the chemical solution tank 10 and are not exposed to the outside.

請求項2の発明で、薬液タンク10が走行車体1の側方からスライドして搭載できることで着脱が容易で、薬液タンク10を走行車体1に搭載したままでも凹み部10aの側方から内部の動力源5や走行制御装置16や無線通信装置17のメンテナンスが行える。 In the invention of claim 2, the chemical tank 10 can be slid onto the side of the traveling vehicle body 1, making it easy to attach and detach, and maintenance of the internal power source 5, traveling control device 16, and wireless communication device 17 can be performed from the side of the recessed portion 10a even while the chemical tank 10 is still mounted on the traveling vehicle body 1.

請求項3の発明で、作業者は走行車体1から離れて遠隔指令装置18で無線通信装置17に制御信号を送って走行させるが、離れているので走行方向が認識し難いが、無線通信装置17から遠隔指令装置18に走行方向が送信されて知らされるので、遠隔指令装置18を持った作業者が走行方向を認識して適切に対処できる。 In the invention of claim 3, the worker moves away from the traveling vehicle body 1 and sends a control signal to the wireless communication device 17 using the remote command device 18 to make the vehicle move. Since the worker is away from the traveling vehicle body 1, it is difficult to recognize the traveling direction. However, the wireless communication device 17 transmits the traveling direction to the remote command device 18, so the worker holding the remote command device 18 can recognize the traveling direction and take appropriate action.

請求項4の発明で、走行車体1から離れて遠隔指令装置18を持った作業者が散布装置11或いは除草作業機13の駆動を直ちに認識できる。 The invention of claim 4 allows an operator holding a remote control device 18 away from the traveling vehicle body 1 to immediately recognize the operation of the spraying device 11 or the weeding machine 13.

本発明の実施形態にかかる無人散布作業機の側断面図である。1 is a side cross-sectional view of an unmanned spraying machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 同無人散布作業機の部分斜視図である。FIG. 同無人散布作業機の走行車体の斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a traveling vehicle body of the unmanned spraying machine. 同走行車体の後部にブロキャスを装着した部分側面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial side view of the vehicle body with a Brocas attached to the rear.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に示す実施例を参照しながら説明する。なお、実施例の説明においては、機体の前進方向に向かって左右方向をそれぞれ左、右といい、前進方向を前、後進方向を後というが、本発明の構成を限定するものでは無い。 Below, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the examples shown in the drawings. In the description of the examples, the left and right directions in the forward direction of the aircraft are referred to as left and right, respectively, and the forward direction is referred to as forward and the reverse direction is referred to as rear, but this does not limit the configuration of the present invention.

図3に示す如く、走行車体1は前後方向の左フレーム1Lと右フレーム1Rと前フレーム1Fと後フレーム1Bとで枠組みし、左右フレーム1L、1Rの後端にリフトフレーム20を立設している。また、左右フレーム1L、1Rの間で、中心より前側にギヤ変速機構を内装するミッションケース4を一体に取り付けて走行車体1を強固に構成している。さらに、左右フレーム1L、1Rの前後端寄りに左右前アクスル21,21と左右後アクスル22,22を設け、その下端に左右前輪2,2と左右後輪3,3からなる走行装置を装着してミッションケース4からの動力で駆動する。 As shown in Figure 3, the traveling body 1 is framed by a left frame 1L, a right frame 1R, a front frame 1F, and a rear frame 1B in the fore-and-aft direction, and a lift frame 20 is erected at the rear ends of the left and right frames 1L, 1R. A transmission case 4 housing a gear shift mechanism is attached integrally between the left and right frames 1L, 1R, forward of the center, to provide a strong construction for the traveling body 1. Furthermore, left and right front axles 21, 21 and left and right rear axles 22, 22 are provided near the fore-and-aft ends of the left and right frames 1L, 1R, and a traveling device consisting of left and right front wheels 2, 2 and left and right rear wheels 3, 3 is attached to the lower ends of these and is driven by power from the transmission case 4.

図1、図2に示す如く、ミッションケース4の左側面には動力源となる電動モータ5とバッテリー6を装着し、ミッションケース4の後側には伝動ケース9とクラッチ8を介してポンプ7を装着している。動力源5はモータに代えてエンジンでも良い。また、ミッションケース4の前には走行車体1の前に装着する除草カルチ作業機13を駆動する前PTO軸25を突出させ、後にはブロキャス15を駆動する後PTO軸24を突出させている。走行車体1後のリフトフレーム20下端にセンターブーム11aと左右サイドブーム11bからなる散布装置11とブロキャス15を装着する(図4参照)。前PTO軸25と後PTO軸24には回転センサを設け、前PTO軸25が回転していれば除草カルチ作業機13を駆動し後PTO軸24が回転していればブロキャス15を駆動しているので、走行制御装置16を前進或いは後進に切り換え、無線通信装置17で遠隔指令装置18に前進或いは後進を報知する。また、左右前輪2,2と左右後輪3,3の走行方向は、モータ5の正逆転で前後進を切り換えるようにして遠隔指令装置18に走行方向を報知するようにすることも出来る。 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an electric motor 5 and battery 6 serving as the power source are attached to the left side of the transmission case 4, and a pump 7 is attached to the rear of the transmission case 4 via a transmission case 9 and a clutch 8. The power source 5 may be an engine instead of a motor. In addition, a front PTO shaft 25 that drives a weeding cultivator 13 attached to the front of the traveling body 1 protrudes from the front of the transmission case 4, and a rear PTO shaft 24 that drives a bro-cass 15 protrudes from the rear. A spraying device 11 consisting of a center boom 11a and left and right side booms 11b, and the bro-cass 15 are attached to the lower end of the lift frame 20 behind the traveling body 1 (see Figure 4). A rotation sensor is provided on the front PTO shaft 25 and the rear PTO shaft 24. When the front PTO shaft 25 rotates, it drives the weeding cultivator 13, and when the rear PTO shaft 24 rotates, it drives the broca 15. This switches the travel control device 16 to forward or reverse, and notifies the remote command device 18 of forward or reverse travel via the wireless communication device 17. In addition, the travel direction of the left and right front wheels 2, 2 and the left and right rear wheels 3, 3 can be switched between forward and reverse by rotating the motor 5 forward or reverse, and the travel direction can be notified to the remote command device 18.

なお、ブロキャス15と除草カルチ作業機13の走行車体1への装着を検出するセンサを設けて、装着している装置を遠隔指令装置18に報知するようにすることも出来る。 In addition, a sensor can be provided to detect when the Brocast 15 and the weeding and cultivating machine 13 are attached to the traveling vehicle body 1, and the remote control device 18 can be notified of the attached devices.

散布装置11は走行車体1を前進走行しながら散布すると機体への被爆を少なく出来るので、前進走行しながら散布作業を行うようにする。 The spraying device 11 sprays while the traveling vehicle body 1 is moving forward, which reduces exposure to the vehicle body, so spraying is performed while the vehicle body is moving forward.

ミッションケース4の上面には、ミッションケース4内の操縦機構を制御する走行制御装置16と無線通信装置17を取り付け、作業者が持っているスマホ等の遠隔指令装置18からの走行指令を無線通信装置17で受けて走行制御装置16に伝達して作動を制御する。 A driving control device 16 and a wireless communication device 17 that control the steering mechanism inside the transmission case 4 are attached to the top surface of the transmission case 4. Driving commands from a remote control device 18 such as a smartphone carried by the operator are received by the wireless communication device 17 and transmitted to the driving control device 16 to control its operation.

薬液タンク10は、走行車体1の前後と左右の略全面を覆う平面積を有し、前記ミッションケース4やモータ5やポンプ7を避ける凹み部10aの周囲も空洞として薬液を溜めるようにし、凹み部10aを左右に通して設けているが、左側のみに開いても良い。この凹み部10aの開放側にはカバーを設けて内部を閉じるようにすると、側方を開いて内部を点検したりメンテナンスをしたりでき、薬液タンク10を横にスライドして走行車体1上から取り外すことが出来る。 The chemical tank 10 has a planar area that covers almost the entire front, rear, left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 1, and the area around the recessed portion 10a that avoids the transmission case 4, motor 5 and pump 7 is also hollowed out to store the chemical liquid, and the recessed portion 10a is provided from left to right, but it may be open only on the left side. If a cover is provided on the open side of this recessed portion 10a to close the inside, the side can be opened to inspect the inside or perform maintenance, and the chemical tank 10 can be removed from the traveling vehicle body 1 by sliding it sideways.

ミッションケース4内に可変容量型油圧モータを組み込む場合に、薬液タンク10の重量を計測する重量センサを設け、この重量センサが検出する重量が小さいと可変容量型油圧モータの供給容量を小さく逆に重量が大きいと供給容量を大きくして変更制御して駆動するようにすると、可変容量型油圧モータを高効率で駆動することが出来る。 When incorporating a variable displacement hydraulic motor in the transmission case 4, a weight sensor is provided to measure the weight of the chemical tank 10, and if the weight detected by this weight sensor is small, the supply capacity of the variable displacement hydraulic motor is reduced, and conversely, if the weight is large, the supply capacity is increased, and the variable displacement hydraulic motor is driven by changing and controlling the supply capacity.

1 走行車体
2 前輪(走行装置)
3 後輪(走行装置)
5 動力源
10 薬液タンク
10a 凹み部
13 除草カルチ作業機
16 走行制御装置
17 無線通信装置
18 遠隔指令装置
1 Running body 2 Front wheel (running gear)
3 Rear wheels (running gear)
5 Power source 10 Chemical solution tank 10a Recessed portion 13 Weeding and cultivating machine 16 Travel control device 17 Wireless communication device 18 Remote command device

Claims (4)

走行装置(2,3)を装着した走行車体(1)に動力源(5)と走行装置(2,3)を制御する走行制御装置(16)と遠隔指令装置(18)から制御信号を受ける無線通信装置(17)とポンプ(7)を搭載し、これら動力源(5)等を収納する凹み部(10a)を有する薬液タンク(10)で走行車体(1)の略全面を覆って搭載し、走行車体(1)の後側に散布装置(11)を装着し、前側に除草作業機(13)を装着する無人散布作業機。 An unmanned spraying machine that is equipped with a running vehicle body (1) equipped with running gear (2, 3), a power source (5), a running control device (16) that controls the running gear (2, 3), a wireless communication device (17) that receives control signals from a remote command device (18), and a pump (7), and is mounted so that the running vehicle body (1) is covered almost entirely with a chemical liquid tank (10) having a recessed portion (10a) that stores the power source (5) etc., a spraying device (11) is attached to the rear of the running vehicle body (1), and a weeding machine (13) is attached to the front. 薬液タンク(10)の凹み部(10a)側方を解放し、薬液タンク(10)を側方へスライドして走行車体(1)から取り外し可能にすると共に薬液タンク(10)を搭載したままで解放側から凹み部(10a)の内部をメンテナンス可能にした請求項1に記載の無人散布作業機。 The unmanned spraying machine according to claim 1, in which the side of the recessed portion (10a) of the liquid tank (10) is opened, the liquid tank (10) can be slid sideways to be removed from the traveling vehicle body (1), and the inside of the recessed portion (10a) can be maintained from the opened side while the liquid tank (10) is still mounted. 無線通信装置(17)から遠隔指令装置(18)に対して、走行車体(1)の走行方向を送信する請求項1に記載の無人散布作業機。 An unmanned spraying machine as described in claim 1, in which the direction of travel of the traveling vehicle body (1) is transmitted from a wireless communication device (17) to a remote control device (18). 散布装置(11)或いは除草作業機(13)の駆動を遠隔指令装置(18)に通知することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無人散布作業機。 The unmanned spraying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation of the spraying device (11) or the weeding machine (13) is notified to a remote command device (18).
JP2022202456A 2022-12-19 2022-12-19 Unmanned spraying machine Pending JP2024087563A (en)

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