JP2023535640A - 自動車用の内燃機関及び自動車 - Google Patents
自動車用の内燃機関及び自動車 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 26
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
- F01N3/323—Electrically driven air pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
- F02B37/10—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
- F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
- F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/10—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying inlet or exhaust valve timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
12 吸気管
14 燃焼室
16 排気管
18 発熱素子
20 排気ガス後処理装置
22 排気ガスターボチャージャ
24 コンプレッサホイール
26 タービンホイール
28 配管要素
30 第1の接続箇所
32 第2の接続箇所
34 バルブ要素
35 排気ガスバルブ要素
36 排気ガス再循環ライン
38 分岐箇所
40 導入箇所
42 排気ガス再循環バルブ
44 再循環ライン
46 第3の接続箇所
48 第4の接続箇所
50 再循環バルブ
加えて、特許文献3によれば、内燃機関と、少なくとも1つの触媒を有する、内燃機関に接続された排気ガス装置と、を備える駆動装置を駆動するための方法が公知であると理解される。触媒には、内燃機関の少なくとも1つの動作状態において加熱するために、加熱装置を使用して加温された暖気フローが供給され、暖気フローは、所定の温度に調整するために、触媒の上流側で低温新気フローと混ぜ合わせられる。
Claims (10)
- 自動車用の内燃機関(10)であって、前記内燃機関(10)を使用して前記自動車を駆動可能である出力軸を有し、前記内燃機関(10)の少なくとも1つの燃焼室(14)で供給される空気が流通可能な吸気管(12)を有し、前記燃焼室(14)からの排気ガスが流通可能な排気管(16)を有し、前記排気ガスの後処理のために前記排気管に配置された排気ガス後処理装置(20)を有し、前記排気管(16)を流通するガスを加熱するために、前記排気管(16)内で前記排気ガス後処理装置(20)の上流側に配置された少なくとも1つの発熱素子(18)を有し、及び電動アシスト型排気ガスターボチャージャ(22)を有するものであり、前記排気ガスターボチャージャ(22)は、前記吸気管(12)を流通する前記空気を圧縮するための第1のインペラ(24)として前記吸気管(12)に配置されたコンプレッサホイールと、第2のインペラ(26)として前記排気管(16)に配置され、前記排気ガスによって駆動可能なタービンホイールと、電気機械と、を備え、前記電気機械を使用して、加熱モードにおいて前記排気ガス後処理装置(20)を加熱するために、前記インペラ(24、26)のうちの少なくとも1つは、駆動可能であり、これによって、前記加熱モードにおいて、前記加熱モード中、前記燃焼室(14)での燃焼プロセスは行われず、かつ前記出力軸は静止しており、前記少なくとも1つのインペラ(24、26)を使用して、前記排気管(16)に空気を加熱媒体として搬送することができ、前記加熱モードにおいて、前記排気ガス後処理装置(20)を加熱するために前記発熱素子(18)を使用して、前記加熱媒体を加熱可能である、前記内燃機関(10)において、
少なくとも1つの配管要素(28)により特徴付けられるものであって、前記少なくとも1つの配管要素(28)は、前記排気ガス後処理装置(20)の下流側に配置された第1の接続箇所(30)及び前記発熱素子(18)の上流側に配置された第2の接続箇所(32)で前記排気管(16)と流体的に接続されており、それによって、前記加熱媒体の少なくとも一部を、前記第1の接続箇所(30)から前記第2の接続箇所(32)に再循環可能であり、かつ前記第2の接続箇所(32)から前記排気管(16)に導入可能であり、前記内燃機関(10)は、前記燃焼室(14)に配置された少なくとも1つの吸気バルブ及び前記燃焼室(14)に配置された少なくとも1つの排気バルブを有するバルブ駆動装置を有し、前記加熱モードにおいて、前記吸気バルブ及び前記排気バルブは、同時に開かれており、それによって、前記加熱モードにおいて、前記加熱媒体を、前記吸気管(12)から前記燃焼室(14)を通して前記排気管(16)に案内可能である、前記内燃機関(10)。 - 前記配管要素(28)に配置されたバルブ要素(34)により特徴付けられるものであって、前記バルブ要素(34)を使用して、前記配管要素(28)を流通可能な前記加熱媒体の量を調整可能である、請求項1に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 排気ガス再循環ライン(36)により特徴付けられるものであって、前記排気ガス再循環ライン(36)は、前記タービンホイール(26)の下流側、特に前記排気ガス後処理装置(20)の下流側に配置された分岐箇所(38)で前記排気管(16)と流体的に接続され、かつ導入箇所(40)で前記吸気管(12)と流体的に接続されており、それによって、前記排気ガスの少なくとも一部及び/又は前記加熱モードにおいて前記加熱媒体の少なくとも一部を、前記分岐箇所(38)から前記導入箇所(40)に案内可能であり、かつ前記導入箇所(40)から前記吸気管(12)に導入可能である、請求項1又は2に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 前記導入箇所(40)は、前記コンプレッサホイール(24)の上流側又は下流側に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の内燃機関。
- 前記排気ガス再循環ライン(36)に配置された排気ガス再循環バルブ(42)により特徴付けられるものであって、前記排気ガス再循環バルブ(42)を使用して、前記排気ガス再循環ライン(36)を流通可能な前記排気ガス及び/又は前記加熱媒体の量を調整可能である、請求項3又は4に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 再循環ライン(44)により特徴付けられるものであって、前記再循環ライン(44)は、前記タービンホイール(26)の上流側に配置された第3の接続箇所(46)で前記排気管(16)と流体的に接続され、かつ第4の接続箇所(48)で前記吸気管(12)と流体的に接続されており、それによって、前記排気ガスの少なくとも一部を、前記第3の接続箇所(46)から前記第4の接続箇所(48)に案内可能であり、かつ前記第4の接続箇所(48)から前記吸気管(12)に導入可能である、及び/又は、前記加熱モードにおいて、前記加熱媒体の少なくとも一部を、前記第4の接続箇所(48)から前記第3の接続箇所(46)に案内可能であり、かつ前記第3の接続箇所(46)から前記排気管(16)に導入可能である、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 前記第4の接続箇所(48)は、前記コンプレッサホイール(22)の下流側に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 前記再循環ライン(46)に配置された再循環バルブ(50)により特徴付けられるものであって、前記再循環バルブ(50)を使用して、前記再循環ライン(44)を流通可能な前記排気ガス及び/又は前記加熱媒体の量を調整可能である、請求項6又は7に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 前記発熱素子(18)は、少なくとも1つの電気的発熱素子及び/又は燃焼器を有することを特徴とする、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関(10)。
- 請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関(10)を備える、自動車。
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