JP2023168865A - Water-stop sheet and water-stop structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a water-stop sheet and a water-stop structure with improved water-stop performance.SOLUTION: A water-stop sheet 1 has a first layer 1A made of fiber-reinforced rubber and having high strength, and a second layer made of foamed rubber and having high flexibility bonded to one side of the first layer 1A. This water-stop sheet 1 is bent at a desired position and arranged so that a grounding part 2 is in contact with a construction surface 30 and an upright part 3 is in contact with the outer surface of an object to be protected 40. Load bodies 20 are placed on the grounding part 2, and the second layer 1B is pressed against the construction surface 30. Since the pressing force of the load bodies 20 are dispersed through the first layer 1A, the pressing force also acts on the grounding part 2 facing the gaps between the load bodies 20. This allows the second layer 1B to be brought into continuous contact with the construction surface 30 without any breaks, so even when there is some gap between the load bodies 20, reliable water-stop performance can be obtained over the entire area.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は止水シート及び止水構造体に関し、特に、家屋や施設等の保護対象物に対する止水性能を向上させた止水シート及び止水構造体に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a water-stop sheet and a water-stop structure, and particularly to a water-stop sheet and a water-stop structure that have improved water-stop performance for protected objects such as houses and facilities.

沿岸部での高潮や河川等の氾濫が起きると水位が許容値を超える可能性の有る浸水予想域では、例えば台風が接近するなどの浸水が起きそうなときに、家屋や施設等の保護対象物に対し浸水防止策を講じることが必要である。一般的には、建築物の開口部の前に複数個の土嚢を並べ且つ積み重ねて簡易な止水堰を構築することが広く行われている。しかし土嚢のみを隙間なく積み上げて止水堰を構築するには熟練が必要であり、通常は土嚢と土嚢との間や、土嚢が設置される施工面と土嚢との間に隙間が生じ易いため、この隙間から漏水が発生し、止水堰として十分に機能しない場合がある。又、通常の土嚢は水を通すため、長時間水圧がかかると、水が滲みだして漏水を招くという問題がある。 In areas where flooding is expected to occur, such as when storm surges or river flooding occur in coastal areas, the water level may exceed the allowable limit, houses and facilities may be subject to protection when flooding is likely to occur, such as when a typhoon approaches. It is necessary to take measures to prevent water from entering the property. Generally, it is common practice to construct a simple water stop weir by arranging and stacking a plurality of sandbags in front of an opening in a building. However, it takes skill to build a water stop weir by stacking only sandbags without any gaps, and gaps tend to occur between the sandbags or between the construction surface where the sandbags are installed and the sandbags. In some cases, water leaks from this gap and the weir does not function adequately as a water stop weir. Furthermore, since ordinary sandbags allow water to pass through them, there is a problem in that if water pressure is applied for a long period of time, water will seep out, leading to water leakage.

そこで、不透水性の止水シートを用いることで防水性を高めた止水構造体が、特許文献１で提案されている。 Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a water-stop structure that has improved waterproofness by using a water-impermeable water-stop sheet.

図９は、特許文献１に記載される従来の止水構造体を示す斜視図である。同図を参照して、特許文献１記載の止水構造体１１０は、家屋２００等の保護対象物の全周に止水シート１１１を貼着テープ等を用いて貼り巡らせることにより、家屋２００への浸水を防止するものである。詳しくは、家屋２００の外壁面２０１における想定される水位以上の高さ位置に、止水シート１１１の上端部を貼着テープで貼り付ける一方で、止水シート１１１の下端側の部分を、家屋２００の周囲の施工面２０２を覆うように拡げて配置し、その上に土嚢１１２を載置する。又、止水シート１１１には、厚さが０．２ｍｍ以下の薄い樹脂シートが用いられる。これにより、洪水等で家屋周囲の水位が上昇した場合、止水シート１１１が水圧で家屋２００の外壁面２０１に押しつけられ密着するので、家屋２００への浸水を防止できるとされている。 FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional water-stop structure described in Patent Document 1. Referring to the figure, the water-stop structure 110 described in Patent Document 1 is constructed by pasting a water-stop sheet 111 around the entire circumference of an object to be protected, such as a house 200, using an adhesive tape or the like. This is to prevent flooding. Specifically, the upper end of the water stop sheet 111 is pasted with adhesive tape at a height above the expected water level on the outer wall surface 201 of the house 200, while the lower end portion of the water stop sheet 111 is attached to the outside of the house 200. 200 so as to cover the surrounding construction surface 202, and sandbags 112 are placed thereon. Further, as the water stop sheet 111, a thin resin sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm or less is used. As a result, when the water level around the house rises due to a flood or the like, the water stop sheet 111 is pressed against the outer wall surface 201 of the house 200 by water pressure and comes into close contact with the house 200, thereby preventing water from flooding into the house 200.

特開２０２１－１２３９００号公報JP 2021-123900 Publication

特許文献１に記載された従来の止水構造体１１０にあっては、止水シート１１１上に載置した土嚢１１２の荷重で止水シート１１１を施工面２０２に押し付けることによって、止水シート１１１と施工面２０２との間の隙間を閉塞している。しかし、土嚢１１２は丸みを帯びており、隣接する土嚢１１２どうしの間の隙間を無くすのは難しいため、止水シート１１１には土嚢１１２の荷重が作用しない部位が局所的に生じる。そして、そのような部位では、止水シート１１１に弛みが生じて漏水を招くおそれが有った。しかも、土嚢１１２の設置を未熟練者が行った場合には、土嚢１１２の並べ方が不均一になって隙間が大きくなりやすく、止水性能の低下が顕著化する可能性もある。 In the conventional water stop structure 110 described in Patent Document 1, the water stop sheet 111 is pressed against the construction surface 202 by the load of the sandbag 112 placed on the water stop sheet 111. The gap between the construction surface 202 and the construction surface 202 is closed. However, since the sandbags 112 are rounded and it is difficult to eliminate gaps between adjacent sandbags 112, there are localized areas on the waterstop sheet 111 where the load of the sandbags 112 does not act. In such a region, there is a risk that the water stop sheet 111 may become slack, leading to water leakage. Furthermore, if the sandbags 112 are installed by an unskilled person, the sandbags 112 may be arranged unevenly and the gaps may become large, leading to a significant decrease in water-stopping performance.

本発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、止水性能を向上させた止水シート及び止水構造体を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water-stop sheet and a water-stop structure with improved water-stop performance.

上記の目的を達成するために、請求項１記載の発明は、保護対象物の外面に沿って配置され、保護対象物への浸水を防止するための止水シートであって、不透水性及び可撓性を備える第１層と、第１層の一方面に貼り合わされた不透水性及び可撓性を備える第２層とを有し、第１層は第２層よりも強度が大きい材料で形成され、第２層は第１層よりも柔軟性が大きい弾性材料で形成されるものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a water-stop sheet that is disposed along the outer surface of an object to be protected and prevents water from entering the object, which is impermeable and A material having a first layer having flexibility and a second layer having water impermeability and flexibility bonded to one side of the first layer, the first layer having greater strength than the second layer. The second layer is made of an elastic material having greater flexibility than the first layer.

このように構成すると、折り曲げ可能で、通水を遮断することができ、一方の面が大きな強度を備え、他方の面が弾性変形し易い止水シートとなる。 With this configuration, the water-stop sheet becomes bendable, can block water passage, has great strength on one side, and is easily elastically deformed on the other side.

請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の構成において、第１層は、繊維強化ゴム又は繊維強化プラスチックから成るものである。 According to a second aspect of the invention, in the structure of the first aspect of the invention, the first layer is made of fiber-reinforced rubber or fiber-reinforced plastic.

このように構成すると、第１層が優れた強度を備える。 With this configuration, the first layer has excellent strength.

請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の構成において、第２層は、発泡ゴム又は発泡プラスチックから成るものである。 The invention according to claim 3 is the structure of the invention according to claim 1, in which the second layer is made of foamed rubber or foamed plastic.

このように構成すると、第２層が優れた柔軟性を備える。 With this configuration, the second layer has excellent flexibility.

請求項４記載の発明は、水位が許容値を超える可能性が有る浸水予想域とこの浸水予想域に面する保護対象物との間に構築され、保護対象物への浸水を防止するための止水構造体であって、請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載の止水シートと、水の比重以上の比重を有する荷重体とを含み、止水シートは、所望の位置で第１層を内側にして折り曲げられることにより、折り曲げ部を境界として接地部分と起立部分とに区画され、接地部分が、その第２層を保護対象物の近傍に設定された施工面に当接させるように配置されると共に、起立部分が、その第２層を保護対象物の外面に当接させるように配置され、接地部分における第１層の上に荷重体が載置されて第２層が施工面に圧接され、接地部分における荷重体が接触する領域に対応する第２層の部位と、接地部分における隣り合う荷重体の境界領域に対応する第２層の部位とが、施工面に対し連続して密着しているものである。 The invention according to claim 4 is constructed between an expected flooding area where the water level may exceed a permissible value and a protected object facing this expected flooded area, and for preventing water from flooding into the protected object. A water-stop structure, comprising the water-stop sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and a load body having a specific gravity greater than or equal to the specific gravity of water, the water-stop sheet having a water stop sheet at a desired position. By being bent with the first layer inward, it is divided into a ground-contacting part and a standing part with the folded part as a boundary, and the ground-contacting part brings the second layer into contact with a construction surface set near the object to be protected. At the same time, the upright part is arranged so that its second layer is in contact with the outer surface of the object to be protected, and the load body is placed on the first layer in the ground contact part, and the second layer is placed in contact with the outer surface of the object to be protected. The part of the second layer that is pressed against the construction surface and corresponds to the area where the load body contacts in the ground contact part, and the part of the second layer that corresponds to the boundary area between adjacent load bodies in the ground contact part are pressed against the construction surface. They are continuous and in close contact.

このように構成すると、止水シートにおける接地部分が施工面を覆い、起立部分が保護対象物における浸水予想域に面する外面の少なくとも一部を覆う。接地部分に載置される荷重体の荷重は、荷重体が直に接触する領域だけでなく、隣り合う荷重体の境界領域にも作用するので、荷重体が載置される全域にわたり接地部分の第２層が施工面に圧接される。これにより、この第２層が施工面の不陸に応じ弾性変形して施工面へ水密的に密着し、両者間の隙間を無くす。 With this configuration, the ground-contacting portion of the waterstop sheet covers the construction surface, and the upright portion covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the protected object facing the predicted flood area. The load of a load body placed on a ground contact area acts not only on the area where the load body directly contacts but also on the boundary area between adjacent load bodies, so the load on the ground contact area is applied over the entire area where the load body is placed. The second layer is pressed against the construction surface. As a result, this second layer elastically deforms in accordance with the unevenness of the construction surface and comes into close contact with the construction surface in a watertight manner, eliminating any gaps between the two.

請求項５記載の発明は、請求項４記載の発明の構成において、荷重体は複数個を含み、少なくとも一部の荷重体が、起立部分の第１層に対し保護対象物の外面へ向かう押圧力を及ぼして、起立部分の第２層を保護対象物の外面に圧接させるように配置されるものである。 The invention according to claim 5 is the configuration of the invention according to claim 4, in which the load body includes a plurality of pieces, and at least some of the load bodies push the first layer of the upright portion toward the outer surface of the object to be protected. It is arranged to apply pressure to press the second layer of the raised portion against the outer surface of the object to be protected.

このように構成すると、止水シートにおける起立部分が荷重体で押圧されて、起立部分の第２層が保護対象物に圧接されることにより、この第２層が保護対象物外面の形状に応じ弾性変形して保護対象物に密着し、両者間の隙間を無くす。 With this configuration, the standing portion of the water stop sheet is pressed by the load body, and the second layer of the standing portion is pressed against the object to be protected, so that the second layer conforms to the shape of the outer surface of the object to be protected. It elastically deforms and adheres closely to the object to be protected, eliminating any gaps between the two.

請求項６記載の発明は、請求項４記載の発明の構成において、止水シートの第１層よりも硬質であり、接地部分の第１層と荷重体との間に配置され、折り曲げ部に沿う方向に延びる形態を有する止水補助部材を更に含むものである。 The invention according to claim 6 is the structure of the invention according to claim 4, which is harder than the first layer of the water stop sheet, is disposed between the first layer of the ground contacting part and the load body, and is arranged at the bending part. The invention further includes a water-stopping auxiliary member extending in the direction along the water-stopping member.

このように構成すると、荷重体が止水シートに及ぼす荷重を止水補助部材が配置される部分に集中させることができる。 With this configuration, the load exerted by the load body on the water stop sheet can be concentrated on the portion where the water stop auxiliary member is arranged.

以上説明したように、請求項１記載の発明は、第１層が水流や漂流物の衝突に抵抗できると共に、第２層が弾性変形することで施工面や保護対象物の外面に密着することが可能な止水シートを提供できる。 As explained above, the invention according to claim 1 is such that the first layer can resist collisions with water currents and floating objects, and the second layer can be elastically deformed to adhere closely to the construction surface or the outer surface of the object to be protected. We can provide water-stop sheets that can.

請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の効果に加えて、水流や漂流物の衝突に対し高い抵抗力を発揮するから、破損しにくくなる。 In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the invention according to claim 2 exhibits high resistance against collisions with water currents and floating objects, and therefore is less likely to be damaged.

請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明の効果に加えて、不陸のある面に対し、第２層が弾性変形して凹凸を吸収するから、密着させるのが容易になる。 In addition to the effect of the invention as set forth in claim 1, the invention set forth in claim 3 allows the second layer to be elastically deformed and absorbs unevenness on an uneven surface, making it easy to bring the second layer into close contact with the uneven surface.

請求項４記載の発明は、止水シートと施工面との間の通水を阻止して、浸水予想域から保護対象物への浸水を防止できる。又、施工者の熟練度が低くても、止水構造体に確実な止水性能を与えることができる。 According to the fourth aspect of the invention, water can be prevented from flowing between the water stop sheet and the construction surface, and water can be prevented from entering the object to be protected from the expected flooding area. Furthermore, even if the builder has low skill level, reliable water-stopping performance can be provided to the water-stopping structure.

請求項５記載の発明は、請求項４記載の発明の効果に加えて、止水シートと保護対象物外面との間の通水も阻止するから、浸水予想域から保護対象物への浸水をより確実に防止できる。 In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 4, the invention set forth in claim 5 also prevents water from passing between the water stop sheet and the outer surface of the protected object, thereby preventing water from entering the protected object from the predicted flood area. This can be prevented more reliably.

請求項６記載の発明は、請求項４記載の発明の効果に加えて、第２層を施工面に対し圧接する押圧力を局所的に増大させることができるから、止水シートと施工面との間の止水性能が向上する。 In addition to the effect of the invention as claimed in claim 4, the invention according to claim 6 can locally increase the pressing force that presses the second layer against the construction surface, so that the water stop sheet and the construction surface can The water-stop performance during the process is improved.

本発明に係る止水シートの一実施の形態を示すものであって、（Ａ）は全体の斜視図、（Ｂ）は一部分の拡大断面図である。1 shows an embodiment of a water stop sheet according to the present invention, in which (A) is an overall perspective view, and (B) is a partially enlarged sectional view. 本発明に係る止水構造体の第１の実施の形態を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a water stop structure according to the present invention. 図２の矢印Ｒ方向から見た、止水構造体の構築手順を説明する側面断面図であって、（Ａ）は止水シートを設置する工程、（Ｂ）は止水シートの上に荷重体を載置する工程、（Ｃ）は完成した止水構造体をそれぞれ示すものである。3 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the construction procedure of the water-stop structure as seen from the direction of arrow R in FIG. (C) shows the completed water-stopping structure. 図２の止水構造体において、止水シートの接地部分における荷重体の載置領域を示す平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a loading area of a load body in a ground contact portion of a water stop sheet in the water stop structure shown in FIG. 2; 図２の矢印Ｑ方向から見た、止水構造体における止水シートと施工面との密着状態を示す拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state of close contact between the water-stop sheet and the construction surface in the water-stop structure when viewed from the direction of arrow Q in FIG. 2. FIG. 図２の矢印Ｒ方向から見た、止水構造体における止水シートと施工面及び保護対象物との密着状態を示す拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state of close contact between the water-stop sheet, the construction surface, and the object to be protected in the water-stop structure when viewed from the direction of arrow R in FIG. 2. FIG. 本発明に係る止水構造体の第２の実施の形態に関するものであって、（Ａ）は止水シートの上に止水補助部材を載置する状況を示す斜視図、（Ｂ）は完成した止水構造体を示す斜視図である。This relates to the second embodiment of the water-stopping structure according to the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view showing a state in which a water-stopping auxiliary member is placed on a waterstop sheet, and (B) is a completed construction. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a waterproof structure. 図７の矢印Ｓ方向から見た、止水構造体における止水補助部材による止水シートの施工面に対する密着状態を示す拡大断面図である。FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state in which the water-stopping auxiliary member of the water-stopping structure is in close contact with the construction surface of the waterstop sheet, as seen from the direction of arrow S in FIG. 7 . 特許文献１に記載される従来の止水構造体を示す斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a conventional water-stop structure described in Patent Document 1.

［第１の実施の形態］
図１は、本発明に係る止水シートの一実施の形態を示すものであって、（Ａ）は全体の斜視図、（Ｂ）は一部分の拡大断面図である。 [First embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a water stop sheet according to the present invention, in which (A) is an overall perspective view and (B) is a partially enlarged sectional view.

図１を参照して、止水シート１は、家屋等の保護対象物の外面に沿って配置して、保護対象物への浸水を防止する止水構造体を構築するために使用されるものであり、不透水性及び可撓性を備える第１層１Ａと、第１層１Ａの一方面に接着層１Ｃを介して貼り合わされた不透水性及び可撓性を備える第２層１Ｂとを有している。このように構成される止水シート１は全体として、浸水を防止することのできる不透水性を備えると共に、保護対象物の外面に沿って折り曲げることを可能とする可撓性を発揮することができる。 Referring to FIG. 1, a water stop sheet 1 is used to construct a water stop structure that is placed along the outer surface of an object to be protected, such as a house, to prevent water from seeping into the object to be protected. A first layer 1A having water impermeability and flexibility, and a second layer 1B having water impermeability and flexibility bonded to one side of the first layer 1A via an adhesive layer 1C. have. The water stop sheet 1 constructed in this manner as a whole has water impermeability that can prevent water from entering, and also exhibits flexibility that allows it to be bent along the outer surface of the object to be protected. can.

第１層１Ａの材質は強度を重視して選定され、第２層１Ｂの材質は柔軟性を重視して選定される。第１層１Ａには、例えば繊維強化ゴム又は繊維強化プラスチック等の破れにくい材質が使用される。具体的には、ポリエステル系の繊維から成る織布の片面又は両面に合成ゴムを貼り合わせたゴム引布や、ポリエステル又はナイロン等の合成繊維系織布の両面に合成樹脂フィルムを貼り合わせたターポリン等を使用することができる。本例の止水シート１では、第１層１Ａにゴム引布を用いることで、９００Ｎ／３ｃｍ以上の引張強度と、１５０Ｎ以上の引裂強度とを備えるものとなる。これにより、止水構造体を構築する際、第１層１Ａを保護対象物の外側を向くように配置することで、水流や漂流物が衝突しても容易には破損しないだけの抵抗力を示すことができる。 The material of the first layer 1A is selected with emphasis on strength, and the material of the second layer 1B is selected with emphasis on flexibility. For the first layer 1A, a tear-resistant material such as fiber-reinforced rubber or fiber-reinforced plastic is used. Specifically, rubberized fabric is made by laminating synthetic rubber on one or both sides of a woven fabric made of polyester fibers, and tarpaulin is made by laminating synthetic resin film on both sides of a woven fabric made from synthetic fibers such as polyester or nylon. etc. can be used. The water stop sheet 1 of this example has a tensile strength of 900 N/3 cm or more and a tear strength of 150 N or more by using a rubberized cloth for the first layer 1A. As a result, when constructing a water-stopping structure, by arranging the first layer 1A so as to face the outside of the object to be protected, it has enough resistance that it will not be easily damaged even if water currents or floating objects collide with it. can be shown.

他方、第２層１Ｂは、発泡ゴム又は発泡プラスチック等の弾性変形が容易な弾性材料で形成される。具体的には、発泡倍率を３０倍以上（例えば３３倍）とした独立気泡の発泡ポリエチレンを使用することができる。これにより、止水構造体を構築する際、第２層１Ｂを施工面及び保護対象物に向き合うように配置すると、施工面や保護対象物の外面等の凹凸に合わせて弾性変形することで、これらの面と容易に密着させることができる。 On the other hand, the second layer 1B is formed of an elastic material that is easily elastically deformed, such as foamed rubber or foamed plastic. Specifically, closed-cell foamed polyethylene with an expansion ratio of 30 times or more (for example, 33 times) can be used. As a result, when constructing a water-stopping structure, if the second layer 1B is placed so as to face the construction surface and the object to be protected, it will elastically deform to match the irregularities of the construction surface and the outer surface of the object to be protected. It can be easily brought into close contact with these surfaces.

第１層１Ａと第２層１Ｂとの貼り合わせは、例えばブチルゴムから成る両面粘着テープや耐水性を有する接着剤を用いて行われる。この場合、第１層１Ａと第２層１Ｂとの境界には接着層１Ｃが形成される。尚、第２層１Ｂが自着性を有する材質の場合は、接着層１Ｃを省略し、第１層１Ａの片面に第２層１Ｂを積層し圧着するだけで、第２層１Ｂを貼り合わせることも可能である。或いは、溶融状態の第２層１Ｂを第１層１Ａの一方面に積層することで、両者を貼り合わせてもよい。又、第１層１Ａの表面は、漂流物が引っ掛かりにくくするため平滑度の高い滑面とする一方で、第１層１Ａの裏面は、平滑度の低い粗面とし、第２層１Ｂとの接触面積を大きくして貼り付け強度を高めてもよい。 The first layer 1A and the second layer 1B are bonded together using, for example, a double-sided adhesive tape made of butyl rubber or a water-resistant adhesive. In this case, an adhesive layer 1C is formed at the boundary between the first layer 1A and the second layer 1B. In addition, if the second layer 1B is made of a material that has self-adhesive properties, the adhesive layer 1C is omitted, and the second layer 1B is simply laminated and pressure-bonded on one side of the first layer 1A to bond the second layer 1B together. It is also possible. Alternatively, the second layer 1B in a molten state may be laminated on one side of the first layer 1A to bond them together. In addition, the surface of the first layer 1A is made of a highly smooth surface to prevent floating objects from getting caught, while the back surface of the first layer 1A is made of a rough surface with a low degree of smoothness, and has a rough surface with a low degree of smoothness. The adhesion strength may be increased by increasing the contact area.

第１層１Ａの厚みは、必要強度を備え且つ適度の可撓性を示せれば特に制限はなく、例えば０．７ｍｍｔ程度とするが、これより薄くても厚くてもよい。但し０．１ｍｍｔ以上とするのが好ましい。他方、第２層１Ｂの厚みは、施工面や保護対象物の外面等へ圧接したときに弾性変形して、凹凸を吸収し得る変形量を確保する必要があるため、例えば３ｍｍｔ程度とするが、これより薄くても厚くてもよい。但し１ｍｍｔ以上であることが好ましい。上記のように各層の厚みが設定された本例の止水シート１は、例えば第１層１Ａを０．７ｍｍｔ、第２層１Ｂを３ｍｍｔとした場合、接着層１Ｃの厚みを加えて、総厚みは約４ｍｍｔとなる。 The thickness of the first layer 1A is not particularly limited as long as it has the necessary strength and exhibits appropriate flexibility, and is, for example, approximately 0.7 mm, but may be thinner or thicker than this. However, it is preferably 0.1 mmt or more. On the other hand, the thickness of the second layer 1B is set to about 3 mm, for example, because it is necessary to ensure an amount of deformation that can elastically deform and absorb unevenness when pressed against the construction surface or the outer surface of the object to be protected. , may be thinner or thicker than this. However, it is preferably 1 mmt or more. In the water stop sheet 1 of this example in which the thickness of each layer is set as described above, for example, if the first layer 1A is 0.7 mm thick and the second layer 1B is 3 mm thick, the total thickness is calculated by adding the thickness of the adhesive layer 1C. The thickness is approximately 4 mm.

又、本例の止水シート１は全体形状が矩形に形成されるが、その形状及び外形寸法は特に制限されるものではなく、適用対象に応じて様々なものを予め用意しておくとよい。 Furthermore, although the water stop sheet 1 of this example has a rectangular overall shape, its shape and external dimensions are not particularly limited, and various sheets may be prepared in advance depending on the application target. .

このように構成された本例の止水シート１は、折り曲げ可能で、通水を遮断することができ、一方の面が大きな強度を備え、他方の面が弾性変形し易いシートとなる。従って、第１層１Ａが水流や漂流物の衝突に抵抗できると共に、第２層１Ｂが弾性変形することで施工面や保護対象物の外面に密着することが可能である。 The water stop sheet 1 of this example configured in this way is bendable, can block water passage, has a large strength on one side, and is easily elastically deformable on the other side. Therefore, the first layer 1A can resist collisions with water currents and floating objects, and the second layer 1B can be elastically deformed to adhere closely to the construction surface or the outer surface of the object to be protected.

図２は本発明に係る止水構造体の第１の実施の形態を示す斜視図であり、図３は図２の矢印Ｒ方向から見た、止水構造体の構築手順を説明する側面断面図であって、（Ａ）は止水シートを設置する工程、（Ｂ）は止水シートの上に荷重体を載置する工程、（Ｃ）は完成した止水構造体をそれぞれ示すものであり、図４は図２の止水構造体において、止水シートの接地部分における荷重体の載置領域を示す平面図であり、図５は図２の矢印Ｑ方向から見た、止水構造体における止水シートと施工面との密着状態を示す拡大断面図であり、図６は図２の矢印Ｒ方向から見た、止水構造体における止水シートと施工面及び保護対象物との密着状態を示す拡大断面図である。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the water-stopping structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the construction procedure of the water-stopping structure as seen from the direction of arrow R in FIG. In the diagrams, (A) shows the process of installing a water stop sheet, (B) shows the process of placing a load on the water stop sheet, and (C) shows the completed water stop structure. 4 is a plan view showing the loading area of the load body in the ground-contacting part of the water-stop sheet in the water-stop structure shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing the close contact between the water stop sheet and the construction surface in the body, and FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a close contact state.

図２に示す止水構造体１０は、家屋等における開口部、例えばドア等を有する出入口４１と、その周囲の外壁面４２とを保護対象物４０とし、この保護対象物４０が面する地域が、大雨等で水位が上昇すると出入口４１から浸水が生じる可能性の有る浸水予想域である場合を想定して構築したものである。この止水構造体１０は、図１に示す止水シート１と、土嚢等の荷重体２０とを用いて構築される。この止水構造体１０の構築手順は以下のとおりである。 In the water-stop structure 10 shown in FIG. 2, an opening in a house or the like, for example, an entrance/exit 41 having a door, etc., and an outer wall surface 42 around the entrance/exit 41 are protected objects 40, and the area facing this protected object 40 is It was constructed on the assumption that the area is expected to be flooded, where there is a possibility of flooding from the entrance/exit 41 if the water level rises due to heavy rain or the like. This water-stop structure 10 is constructed using the water-stop sheet 1 shown in FIG. 1 and a load body 20 such as a sandbag. The procedure for constructing this water stop structure 10 is as follows.

図３を参照して、先ず（Ａ）に示すように、保護対象物４０とその近傍に設定される施工面３０とが成す形態に合わせて、止水シート１を適当な位置で第１層１Ａを内側にしてほぼ直角に折り曲げ、折り曲げ部４を境界として接地部分２と起立部分３とを区画形成する。次いで（Ｂ）に示すように、接地部分２の第２層１Ｂを施工面３０に当接させるように配置すると共に、起立部分３の第２層１Ｂを保護対象物４０の外面に当接させるように配置する。続いて（Ｃ）に示すように、接地部分２の上に、土嚢等の荷重体２０を適数個載置する。このとき、予想される水位に合わせて、荷重体２０を複数段積み重ねる。荷重体２０を積み重ねる際には、各荷重体２０が起立部分３を保護対象物４０に対し押圧するように配置する。 Referring to FIG. 3, first, as shown in (A), the water stop sheet 1 is placed in the first layer at an appropriate position according to the configuration formed by the object to be protected 40 and the construction surface 30 set in the vicinity thereof. It is bent at a substantially right angle with 1A inside, and a grounding part 2 and a standing part 3 are defined with the bent part 4 as a boundary. Next, as shown in (B), the second layer 1B of the grounding portion 2 is placed in contact with the construction surface 30, and the second layer 1B of the upright portion 3 is placed in contact with the outer surface of the object to be protected 40. Place it like this. Subsequently, as shown in (C), an appropriate number of load bodies 20 such as sandbags are placed on the ground contact portion 2. At this time, the load bodies 20 are stacked in multiple stages according to the expected water level. When stacking the load bodies 20, each load body 20 is arranged so that the standing portion 3 is pressed against the object 40 to be protected.

図４を参照して、本例では、荷重体２０の載置領域２０Ｒが、接地部分２のほぼ全域にわたるように設定される。これにより、接地部分２が施工面３０に押圧されない領域が少なくなるので、接地部分２と施工面３０との隙間に水や土砂等が浸入しにくくなる。又、水流による止水シート１の位置ずれが生じにくくなる。 Referring to FIG. 4, in this example, the mounting area 20R of the load body 20 is set to cover almost the entire area of the ground contact portion 2. This reduces the area where the ground contact portion 2 is not pressed against the construction surface 30, making it difficult for water, dirt, etc. to enter the gap between the ground contact portion 2 and the construction surface 30. Further, the positional shift of the water stop sheet 1 due to water flow is less likely to occur.

図５を参照して、上述の止水シート１を用いて構築した止水構造体１０の利点について説明する。同図に示すように、本例の止水構造体１０の構築に使用する荷重体２０が土嚢のような丸みを帯びた部材の場合、隣り合う荷重体２０間に隙間ｄ１が生じ易い。しかも、この隙間ｄ１は、非熟練者が荷重体２０の積み重ねを行うと大きくなりがちである。そのため従来では、接地部分２において荷重体２０が直に接する接触領域Ｅ１、Ｅ２に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ１、ｆ２は、押圧力Ｐ１で施工面３０に密着させることができるが、隣り合う荷重体２０の境界領域Ｄ１では隙間ｄ１のために接地部分２に押圧力が作用しないので、対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｇ１を施工面３０に密着させることが困難であった。 With reference to FIG. 5, the advantages of the water-stop structure 10 constructed using the above-described water-stop sheet 1 will be explained. As shown in the figure, when the load bodies 20 used to construct the water stop structure 10 of this example are rounded members such as sandbags, gaps d1 are likely to occur between adjacent load bodies 20. Moreover, this gap d1 tends to become large when the load bodies 20 are stacked by an unskilled person. Therefore, conventionally, the parts f1 and f2 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the contact areas E1 and E2, which are in direct contact with the load body 20 in the ground contact part 2, can be brought into close contact with the construction surface 30 by the pressing force P1. In the boundary region D1 of the matching load bodies 20, no pressing force is applied to the ground contact portion 2 due to the gap d1, so it is difficult to bring the corresponding portion g1 of the second layer 1B into close contact with the construction surface 30.

これに対し本例では、接地部分２において荷重体２０が直に接する接触領域Ｅ１、Ｅ２に作用する押圧力Ｐ１が第１層１Ａを介して分散されるので、隣り合う荷重体２０の境界領域Ｄ１の隙間ｄ１に面する接地部分２にも押圧力が作用する。これにより、接触領域Ｅ１、Ｅ２に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ１、ｆ２はもとより、境界領域Ｄ１に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｇ１も、施工面３０に圧接されて凹凸に応じ弾性変形することとなる。その結果、第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ１、ｇ１、ｆ２を施工面３０に対し切れ目なく連続して密着させることが可能である。即ち本例の止水構造体１０によれば、隣り合う荷重体２０の間に多少の隙間ｄ１を有していたとしても、荷重体２０を載置した全域にわたり、止水シート１と施工面３０との間に確実な止水性能を与えることができるので、止水シート１の下方側から保護対象物４０への浸水が防止される。更に、第２層１Ｂが不陸に合わせて弾性変形することで、施工面３０に対するアンカー効果が発揮されるので、止水シート１の位置ずれが生じにくくなっている。 On the other hand, in this example, since the pressing force P1 acting on the contact areas E1 and E2 where the load bodies 20 are in direct contact with each other in the ground contact portion 2 is dispersed through the first layer 1A, the boundary area between the adjacent load bodies 20 is A pressing force also acts on the grounding portion 2 facing the gap d1 of D1. As a result, not only the parts f1 and f2 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the contact areas E1 and E2, but also the part g1 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the boundary area D1 are pressed against the construction surface 30 and elastically deformed according to the unevenness. I will do it. As a result, the portions f1, g1, and f2 of the second layer 1B can be brought into continuous and close contact with the construction surface 30 without any breaks. That is, according to the water-stop structure 10 of this example, even if there is some gap d1 between adjacent load bodies 20, the water-stop sheet 1 and the construction surface can be connected to each other over the entire area where the load bodies 20 are placed. Since reliable water-stopping performance can be provided between the water-stop sheet 1 and the water-stop sheet 30, water intrusion into the protected object 40 from the lower side of the water-stop sheet 1 is prevented. Furthermore, since the second layer 1B elastically deforms in accordance with the unevenness, an anchor effect is exerted on the construction surface 30, so that the positional shift of the waterstop sheet 1 is less likely to occur.

次に図６を参照して、本例の止水構造体１０では、止水シート１の起立部分３についても確実な止水性能を発揮できることを説明する。本例の止水構造体１０は、起立部分３を保護対象物４０の外面に押圧するように、荷重体２０を積み重ねて構築される。図６に示すように、荷重体２０が土嚢のような丸みを帯びた部材の場合、積み重ねた荷重体２０間に隙間ｄ２が生じ易い。このため従来では、荷重体２０が直に接する接触領域Ｅ３、Ｅ４に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ３、ｆ４は、押圧力Ｐ２で保護対象物４０に密着させることができるのに対し、積み重ねた荷重体２０の境界領域Ｄ２では隙間ｄ２のために起立部分３に押圧力が作用しないので、対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｇ２を保護対象物４０に密着させることが困難であった。 Next, with reference to FIG. 6, it will be explained that in the water stop structure 10 of this example, the standing portion 3 of the water stop sheet 1 can also exhibit reliable water stop performance. The water-stopping structure 10 of this example is constructed by stacking load bodies 20 so as to press the upright portion 3 against the outer surface of the object 40 to be protected. As shown in FIG. 6, when the load bodies 20 are rounded members such as sandbags, gaps d2 are likely to occur between the stacked load bodies 20. For this reason, conventionally, parts f3 and f4 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the contact areas E3 and E4 in direct contact with the load body 20 can be brought into close contact with the object to be protected 40 with a pressing force P2, whereas In the boundary region D2 of the load body 20, no pressing force is applied to the upright portion 3 due to the gap d2, so it is difficult to bring the corresponding portion g2 of the second layer 1B into close contact with the object to be protected 40.

これに対し本例では、起立部分３において荷重体２０が直に接する接触領域Ｅ３、Ｅ４に作用する押圧力Ｐ２が第１層１Ａを介して分散されるので、積み重ねた荷重体２０の境界領域Ｄ２の隙間ｄ２に面する起立部分３にも押圧力が作用する。これにより、接触領域Ｅ３、Ｅ４に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ３、ｆ４はもとより、境界領域Ｄ２に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｇ２も、保護対象物４０に圧接されて外面の凹凸に応じ弾性変形するものとなる。その結果、第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ３、ｇ２、ｆ４を保護対象物４０に対し切れ目なく連続して密着させることが可能である。即ち本例の止水構造体１０によれば、積み重ねた荷重体２０の間に多少の隙間ｄ２を有していたとしても、荷重体２０を積層した全域にわたり、止水シート１と保護対象物４０との間に確実な止水性能を与えることができるので、止水シート１の側方から保護対象物４０への浸水が防止される。更に、第２層１Ｂが不陸に合わせて弾性変形することで、保護対象物４０の外面に対するアンカー効果が発揮されるので、起立部分３においても止水シート１の位置ずれが生じにくくなっている。 On the other hand, in this example, since the pressing force P2 acting on the contact areas E3 and E4 that the load bodies 20 directly contact in the upright portion 3 is dispersed through the first layer 1A, the boundary area of the stacked load bodies 20 A pressing force also acts on the standing portion 3 facing the gap d2 of D2. As a result, not only the parts f3 and f4 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the contact areas E3 and E4, but also the part g2 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the boundary area D2 are pressed against the object to be protected 40, and the unevenness of the outer surface It will be elastically deformed accordingly. As a result, the portions f3, g2, and f4 of the second layer 1B can be brought into continuous close contact with the object to be protected 40 without any breaks. That is, according to the water-stop structure 10 of this example, even if there is some gap d2 between the stacked load bodies 20, the water-stop sheet 1 and the object to be protected can be separated over the entire area where the load bodies 20 are stacked. Since reliable water-stopping performance can be provided between the water-stop sheet 1 and the object 40, water intrusion into the protected object 40 from the sides of the water-stop sheet 1 is prevented. Furthermore, by elastically deforming the second layer 1B according to the unevenness, an anchor effect is exerted on the outer surface of the object to be protected 40, so that the positional shift of the water stop sheet 1 is less likely to occur even in the upright portion 3. There is.

要するに本例の止水構造体１０によれば、止水シート１の上に荷重体２０を載置するだけで、止水シート１と施工面３０及び保護対象物４０との間に連続する止水性能を付与して、浸水予想域から保護対象物４０への浸水を確実に防止することができる。 In short, according to the water stop structure 10 of this example, by simply placing the load body 20 on the water stop sheet 1, a continuous stop can be created between the water stop sheet 1, the construction surface 30, and the object to be protected 40. By imparting water performance, it is possible to reliably prevent water from entering the protected object 40 from the expected flooding area.

しかも、荷重体２０の配列を行うのが熟練者でも非熟練者でも、ほぼ同等の止水性能を得ることが可能である。 Furthermore, whether the load bodies 20 are arranged by a skilled person or an unskilled person, substantially the same water-stopping performance can be obtained.

尚、本例のシート材は、第１層と第２層とを貼り合わせて一体化したので、従来のブルーシートなどよりも厚み寸法が大きく、曲げ剛性が増大している。そのため、施工時においては漏水の原因となる皺や弛みが発生しにくい。又、施工の際に保護対象物に沿わせて自立させた状態を維持することができるので、施工能率が良いという利点が得られる。 Note that the sheet material of this example has the first layer and the second layer bonded together and integrated, so it has a larger thickness and increased bending rigidity than a conventional blue sheet or the like. Therefore, during construction, wrinkles and loosening that can cause water leakage are less likely to occur. Moreover, since it is possible to maintain a self-standing state along the object to be protected during construction, there is an advantage that construction efficiency is high.

又、本例の止水構造体は、図２に示すように、止水シートの起立部分における左右領域だけに荷重体を積み上げれば、保護対象物に対する止水性能を発揮することができる。このため、中間部に積み重ねる荷重体を省略できるから、荷重体の使用個数を節減できると共に、施工作業の負担を軽減化できる。
［第２の実施の形態］
図７は本発明に係る止水構造体の第２の実施の形態に関するものであって、（Ａ）は止水シートの上に止水補助部材を載置する状況、（Ｂ）は完成した止水構造体をそれぞれ示す斜視図であり、図８は図７の矢印Ｓ方向から見た、止水構造体における止水補助部材による止水シートの施工面に対する密着状態を示す拡大断面図である。 Further, the water-stopping structure of this example can exhibit water-stopping performance for the object to be protected by piling up loads only on the left and right areas of the upright portion of the waterstop sheet, as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to omit the load bodies stacked in the intermediate portion, so the number of load bodies used can be reduced, and the burden of construction work can be reduced.
[Second embodiment]
FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the water-stopping structure according to the present invention, in which (A) shows a state in which a water-stopping auxiliary member is placed on a water-stopping sheet, and (B) shows a completed state. 8 is a perspective view showing each of the water-stopping structures, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state in which the water-stopping auxiliary member in the water-stopping structure is in close contact with the construction surface of the water-stopping sheet, viewed from the direction of arrow S in FIG. 7. be.

本例の止水構造体１１の基本的構成は、第１の実施の形態と共通であるので、相違点を中心に説明する。本例の止水構造体１１は、図１に示す止水シート１及び土嚢等の荷重体２０に加えて、止水シート１の接地部分２とその上に載置される荷重体２０との間に、止水補助部材５０を配置するところを特徴とするものである。 The basic configuration of the water stop structure 11 of this example is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the explanation will focus on the differences. The water-stop structure 11 of this example includes, in addition to the water-stop sheet 1 and the load body 20 such as sandbags shown in FIG. The feature is that a water stop auxiliary member 50 is disposed in between.

止水補助部材５０は、止水シート１の第１層１Ａよりも硬質であり、例えば角柱状や棒状等の、折り曲げ部４に沿う方向に延びる形態を有する。止水補助部材５０の材質としては、金属、プラスチック、硬質ゴム等が挙げられる。又、折り曲げ部４に沿って延び且つ止水シート１に対し連続して接触する面を有する形態であれば、中実でも中空でもよい。 The water stop auxiliary member 50 is harder than the first layer 1A of the water stop sheet 1, and has a shape extending in the direction along the bent portion 4, such as a prismatic shape or a rod shape. Examples of the material for the water stop auxiliary member 50 include metal, plastic, hard rubber, and the like. Further, it may be solid or hollow as long as it has a surface that extends along the folded portion 4 and continuously contacts the water stop sheet 1.

本例の止水構造体１１の構築手順は以下のとおりである。図７の（Ａ）を参照して、先ず、適当な位置で第１層１Ａを内側にしてほぼ直角に折り曲げることにより、接地部分２と起立部分３とを区画形成した止水シート１を、施工面３０及び保護対象物４０の外面それぞれと当接するように配置する。そして、本例では角柱状に形成した止水補助部材５０を、接地部分２上の適当な位置に、折り曲げ部４に沿う方向となるように配置する。続いて同図の（Ｂ）に示すように、接地部分２の上に、土嚢等の荷重体２０を複数個載置することで、目的の止水構造体１１が構築される。 The procedure for constructing the water stop structure 11 of this example is as follows. Referring to FIG. 7(A), first, the water stop sheet 1 is folded at an appropriate position with the first layer 1A on the inside at a substantially right angle to form a ground-contacting portion 2 and a standing portion 3. It is arranged so as to be in contact with the construction surface 30 and the outer surface of the object to be protected 40, respectively. In this example, the water stop auxiliary member 50, which is formed into a prismatic shape, is placed at an appropriate position on the ground contact portion 2 in a direction along the bent portion 4. Subsequently, as shown in (B) of the figure, a plurality of load bodies 20 such as sandbags are placed on the ground contact portion 2, thereby constructing the target water-stopping structure 11.

図８を参照して、上述の止水補助部材５０を用いて構築した止水構造体１１の利点について説明する。同図に示すように、本例の止水構造体１１では、止水補助部材５０は止水シート１の接地部分２の表面から突出するように配置されている。このため、止水補助部材５０の上に載置される荷重体２０の荷重は、先ず止水補助部材５０に作用する。一方、止水補助部材５０は、荷重体２０における接触部位２０ａ及びその周辺部位２０ｂの荷重を支持する。このようにして荷重が集中した止水補助部材５０は、接地部分２におけるこれが接する接触領域Ｅ５に対し、その周囲の部分よりも大きな押圧力Ｐ３を作用させる。そのため、接触領域Ｅ５に対応する第２層１Ｂの部位ｆ５は、その周囲よりも強く施工面３０に対し密着することになる。即ち本例では、止水補助部材５０を配置した範囲において、第２層１Ｂを施工面３０に対し圧接する押圧力Ｐ３を局所的に増大させることができるから、止水シート１と施工面３０との間の止水性能が向上し、止水シート１の下方側から保護対象物４０への浸水防止がより確実になる。
［その他の実施の形態］
上記の実施の形態では、止水シートの第１層は繊維強化ゴム又は繊維強化プラスチックであったが、繊維を配合しないゴムシート又はプラスチックシートを用いてもよい。又、第２層は発泡ゴム又は発泡プラスチックであったが、軟質ゴムや軟質プラスチック等の非発泡性の弾性材料であってもよい。更に、第１層及び第２層はいずれも単層構造でもよいが、多層構造であってもよい。この場合、少なくとも最外層を不透水性として構成することが望ましい。又、最外層よりも内層の方をより柔らかい（剛性の小さい）材料で形成するのが望ましい。 With reference to FIG. 8, the advantages of the water stop structure 11 constructed using the water stop auxiliary member 50 described above will be explained. As shown in the figure, in the water stop structure 11 of this example, the water stop auxiliary member 50 is arranged so as to protrude from the surface of the ground contact portion 2 of the water stop sheet 1. Therefore, the load of the load body 20 placed on the water stop auxiliary member 50 acts on the water stop auxiliary member 50 first. On the other hand, the water stop auxiliary member 50 supports the load of the contact portion 20a of the load body 20 and its peripheral portion 20b. The water stop auxiliary member 50, on which the load is concentrated in this way, applies a larger pressing force P3 to the contact area E5 of the ground contact portion 2 with which it comes into contact than the surrounding area. Therefore, the portion f5 of the second layer 1B corresponding to the contact area E5 comes into close contact with the construction surface 30 more strongly than the surrounding area. That is, in this example, since the pressing force P3 that presses the second layer 1B against the construction surface 30 can be locally increased in the range where the water stop auxiliary member 50 is arranged, the water stop sheet 1 and the construction surface 30 can be locally increased. The water-stop performance between the water-stop sheet 1 and the protected object 40 is improved, and water ingress from the lower side of the water-stop sheet 1 to the object 40 to be protected can be prevented more reliably.
[Other embodiments]
In the above embodiments, the first layer of the waterstop sheet is made of fiber-reinforced rubber or fiber-reinforced plastic, but a rubber sheet or plastic sheet that does not contain fibers may also be used. Further, although the second layer is made of foamed rubber or foamed plastic, it may be made of a non-foamed elastic material such as soft rubber or soft plastic. Further, both the first layer and the second layer may have a single layer structure, or may have a multilayer structure. In this case, it is desirable to configure at least the outermost layer to be water-impermeable. Further, it is desirable that the inner layer is made of a softer (less rigid) material than the outermost layer.

止水シートの第１層と第２層との間の接着層は、ブチルゴムに限定されない。又、熱融着や自着性を利用して第１層と第２層とを貼り付ける場合などは、接着層を省略してもよい。 The adhesive layer between the first layer and the second layer of the waterstop sheet is not limited to butyl rubber. Further, in the case where the first layer and the second layer are attached using thermal fusion or self-adhesion, the adhesive layer may be omitted.

止水シートの第１層の表面に、荷重体を設置する際の標準的な位置を表示する設置標識を設けてもよい。又、止水補助部材の設置箇所を指示する設置標識を設けてもよい。更に止水シートの第１層表面に、使用方法や止水構造体の構築手順を表示してもよい。 An installation mark indicating a standard position for installing the load body may be provided on the surface of the first layer of the water stop sheet. Additionally, an installation sign may be provided to indicate the installation location of the water stop auxiliary member. Further, the usage method and the procedure for constructing the water-stop structure may be displayed on the surface of the first layer of the water-stop sheet.

更に、保護対象物の外面が曲面状の場合、矩形状の止水シートをこれに沿わせて設置するため、止水シートの適所に切り込みを入れてもよい。 Furthermore, when the outer surface of the object to be protected is curved, in order to install a rectangular water-stop sheet along the curved surface, cuts may be made at appropriate locations on the water-stop sheet.

止水補助部材を使用する場合、荷重体の荷重は止水補助部材に集中され、止水シートの接地部分へ均一に伝達されるから、荷重体を止水補助部材に沿って隙間を空けて載置してもよい。 When using a water stop auxiliary member, the load of the load body is concentrated on the water stop auxiliary member and is uniformly transmitted to the ground contact part of the water stop sheet, so the load body should be placed along the water stop auxiliary member with a gap. It may be placed.

止水補助部材は、２本以上を使用してもよい。或いは、複数個に分割しておき、現場にて組み立てる構造であってもよい。更に、止水シートの接地部分及び起立部分を同時に押圧できるようにＬ字型に形成してもよい。 Two or more water stop auxiliary members may be used. Alternatively, it may be divided into a plurality of parts and assembled on site. Furthermore, the water stop sheet may be formed into an L-shape so that the ground contact portion and the upright portion can be pressed at the same time.

止水構造体の構築に、複数枚の止水シートを使用してもよい。この場合、止水シートの端部どうしを重ね合わせ、その上に荷重体を載置するだけで、止水シートの第１層と第２層とを密着させて止水性能を得ることが可能である。尚、必要に応じ、隣接する止水シートどうしを、例えば面ファスナーを用いて連結してもよい。 A plurality of water-stop sheets may be used to construct the water-stop structure. In this case, by simply overlapping the ends of the water-stop sheet and placing a load on top of it, it is possible to bring the first and second layers of the water-stop sheet into close contact and obtain water-stop performance. It is. Note that, if necessary, adjacent water stop sheets may be connected to each other using, for example, a hook-and-loop fastener.

止水シートと荷重体との間にブチルゴム等の接着性を有する部材を配置してもよい。これにより止水シートと荷重体とが一体化して、荷重体の位置ずれが生じにくくなるので、止水性能及びその持続性を向上させることができる。或いは、ブチルゴムから成るテープ又はシートを止水シートと施工面との間に介装し、施工面の不陸に対する追従性を向上させて密着性を高め、止水性能を増大させるように構成してもよい。 An adhesive member such as butyl rubber may be placed between the waterstop sheet and the load body. As a result, the water stop sheet and the load body are integrated, and the load body is less likely to be misaligned, so that the water stop performance and its sustainability can be improved. Alternatively, a tape or sheet made of butyl rubber is interposed between the water stop sheet and the construction surface to improve the ability to follow unevenness of the construction surface, increase adhesion, and increase water stop performance. You can.

荷重体は、土砂を充填した土嚢が代表的であるが、水の比重以上の比重を有する金属やセラミック等を充填物として含んでもよい。又、例えば、水を充填可能な袋体とこの袋体を収納する容器とから構成してもよい。袋体は、吸水ポリマーを収容したものであってもよい。このようにすると、施工現場にて袋体に注水することで荷重体を構成できる。又、この場合、容器を直方体形状とすることで、隣接するものどうしを隙間無く並べることが可能である。尚、従来の水嚢は自ら形状を保持することができないため、積み上げが難しく止水高さを確保することが困難であったのに対し、容器を使用する本例では、水嚢の止水高さを効率的に確保することが可能となる。更に、容器を上下に積み重ね可能としてもよい。これにより、止水構造体の対応可能な水位を容易に増大させることが可能となる。 The load body is typically a sandbag filled with earth and sand, but may also contain a metal, ceramic, or the like having a specific gravity higher than that of water as a filler. Further, for example, it may be constructed of a bag that can be filled with water and a container that stores the bag. The bag may contain a water-absorbing polymer. In this way, the load body can be constructed by pouring water into the bag body at the construction site. Moreover, in this case, by making the container into a rectangular parallelepiped shape, it is possible to arrange adjacent containers without gaps. In addition, because conventional water bladders cannot maintain their shape, it is difficult to stack them up and ensure a water-tight height. It becomes possible to secure the height efficiently. Furthermore, the containers may be stackable one above the other. This makes it possible to easily increase the water level that the water stop structure can handle.

荷重体を袋体と容器とで構成する場合、容器の底面に脚部を設け、止水補助部材でこの脚部を受けるように構成することで、荷重体の荷重を止水補助部材に集中させるようにしてもよい。更に、荷重体の容器を折り畳み可能又は分解可能な鉄かご、枠付パレット、コンテナボックス等で構成してもよい。これにより、容器を折り畳み状態又は分解状態で運搬し、現場で組み立てることができるため、保管場所の省スペース化を図ることができる。更に、容器に開口を設けたり、少なくとも一部をメッシュ状部材で形成したりすることで、容器自体の軽量化を図ると共に、浸水時において、容器内に空気が残留し浮力が生じるのを回避することができる。 When the load body is composed of a bag and a container, by providing legs on the bottom of the container and configuring the water stop auxiliary member to receive the legs, the load of the load body can be concentrated on the water stop auxiliary member. You may also do so. Furthermore, the load body container may be constructed of a foldable or disassembleable iron cage, a pallet with a frame, a container box, or the like. As a result, the container can be transported in a folded or disassembled state and assembled on site, thereby saving space in the storage area. Furthermore, by providing an opening in the container or forming at least a portion of it with a mesh-like material, the weight of the container itself can be reduced, and air can remain inside the container and create buoyancy when flooded. can do.

止水構造体の適用対象となる保護対象物は、住宅用の家屋のほか、店舗、オフィス、工場等の施設や、学校の校舎、図書館、体育館等の公共施設など、開口部を有する各種建築物が含まれる。又、止水構造体を構築する場所は、ドアの有る出入口以外に、門扉及び門柱部分、車庫や倉庫の出入口に設けられるシャッター部分、地下鉄や地下街、地下駐車場等の地下施設への出入口部分等であってもよい。 Protected objects to which water-stopping structures can be applied include residential houses, as well as various buildings with openings, such as stores, offices, factories, and other public facilities such as school buildings, libraries, and gymnasiums. Contains things. In addition to entrances and exits with doors, the locations where water-stopping structures are constructed include gates and gateposts, shutters installed at the entrances and exits of garages and warehouses, and entrances to underground facilities such as subways, underground malls, and underground parking lots. etc. may be used.

１…止水シート
１Ａ…第１層
１Ｂ…第２層
１Ｃ…接着層
２…接地部分
３…起立部分
４…折り曲げ部
１０…止水構造体
１１…止水構造体
２０…荷重体
３０…施工面
４０…保護対象物
５０…止水補助部材
Ｄ１～Ｄ２…境界領域
Ｅ１～Ｅ５…接触領域
Ｐ１～Ｐ３…押圧力
尚、各図中同一符号は同一又は相当部分を示す。
1...Waterstop sheet 1A...First layer 1B...Second layer 1C...Adhesive layer 2...Grounding part 3...Standing part 4...Bending part 10...Waterstop structure 11...Waterstop structure 20...Load body 30...Construction Surface 40...Object to be protected 50...Water stop auxiliary members D1-D2...Boundary areas E1-E5...Contact areas P1-P3...Pushing force Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (6)

保護対象物の外面に沿って配置され、前記保護対象物への浸水を防止するための止水シートであって、
不透水性及び可撓性を備える第１層と、前記第１層の一方面に貼り合わされた不透水性及び可撓性を備える第２層とを有し、
前記第１層は前記第２層よりも強度が大きい材料で形成され、
前記第２層は前記第１層よりも柔軟性が大きい弾性材料で形成される、
止水シート。 A water stop sheet arranged along the outer surface of a protected object to prevent water from entering the protected object,
A first layer having water impermeability and flexibility, and a second layer having water impermeability and flexibility bonded to one side of the first layer,
The first layer is formed of a material having higher strength than the second layer,
The second layer is made of an elastic material having greater flexibility than the first layer.
Waterproof sheet. 前記第１層は、繊維強化ゴム又は繊維強化プラスチックから成る、請求項１記載の止水シート。 The water stop sheet according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is made of fiber-reinforced rubber or fiber-reinforced plastic. 前記第２層は、発泡ゴム又は発泡プラスチックから成る、請求項１記載の止水シート The water stop sheet according to claim 1, wherein the second layer is made of foamed rubber or foamed plastic. 水位が許容値を超える可能性が有る浸水予想域とこの浸水予想域に面する保護対象物との間に構築され、前記保護対象物への浸水を防止するための止水構造体であって、
請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載の止水シートと、水の比重以上の比重を有する荷重体とを含み、
前記止水シートは、所望の位置で前記第１層を内側にして折り曲げられることにより、前記折り曲げ部を境界として接地部分と起立部分とに区画され、
前記接地部分が、その前記第２層を前記保護対象物の近傍に設定された施工面に当接させるように配置されると共に、前記起立部分が、その前記第２層を前記保護対象物の外面に当接させるように配置され、
前記接地部分における前記第１層の上に前記荷重体が載置されて、前記第２層が前記施工面に圧接され、
前記接地部分における前記荷重体が接触する領域に対応する前記第２層の部位と、前記接地部分における隣り合う前記荷重体の境界領域に対応する前記第２層の部位とが、前記施工面に対し連続して密着している、
止水構造体。 A water stop structure constructed between a predicted flood area where the water level may exceed a permissible value and a protected object facing the predicted flood area, to prevent water from flooding into the protected object. ,
The water stop sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and a load body having a specific gravity greater than or equal to the specific gravity of water,
The water stop sheet is folded at a desired position with the first layer inside, and is divided into a ground-contacting part and a standing part with the folded part as a boundary;
The grounding portion is arranged so that the second layer is in contact with a construction surface set near the object to be protected, and the upright portion is arranged so that the second layer is in contact with a construction surface set near the object to be protected. placed so as to be in contact with the outer surface,
The load body is placed on the first layer in the ground contact portion, and the second layer is pressed against the construction surface,
A portion of the second layer corresponding to a region in the ground contact portion where the load body contacts and a portion of the second layer corresponding to a boundary region between adjacent load bodies in the ground contact portion are on the construction surface. Continuously in close contact with
Water stop structure. 前記荷重体は複数個を含み、
少なくとも一部の前記荷重体が、前記起立部分の前記第１層に対し前記保護対象物の外面へ向かう押圧力を及ぼして、前記起立部分の前記第２層を前記保護対象物の外面に圧接させるように配置される、
請求項４記載の止水構造体。 The load body includes a plurality of pieces,
At least some of the load bodies apply a pressing force toward the outer surface of the object to be protected on the first layer of the upright portion, and press the second layer of the upright portion to the outer surface of the object to be protected. arranged so as to
The water stop structure according to claim 4. 前記止水シートの前記第１層よりも硬質であり、前記接地部分の前記第１層と前記荷重体との間に配置され、前記折り曲げ部に沿う方向に延びる形態を有する止水補助部材を更に含む、請求項４記載の止水構造体。

A water stop auxiliary member that is harder than the first layer of the water stop sheet, is arranged between the first layer of the ground contact portion and the load body, and has a form extending in the direction along the bent portion. The water stop structure according to claim 4, further comprising:

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