JP2022541546A - 統合された発電、二酸化炭素分離及び下流処理システム、及び方法 - Google Patents
統合された発電、二酸化炭素分離及び下流処理システム、及び方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2022541546A JP2022541546A JP2022503444A JP2022503444A JP2022541546A JP 2022541546 A JP2022541546 A JP 2022541546A JP 2022503444 A JP2022503444 A JP 2022503444A JP 2022503444 A JP2022503444 A JP 2022503444A JP 2022541546 A JP2022541546 A JP 2022541546A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- fuel
- fuel cell
- carbon dioxide
- cell system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 516
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 258
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 177
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 294
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000968352 Scandia <hydrozoan> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021525 ceramic electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002075 lanthanum strontium manganite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HJGMWXTVGKLUAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);scandium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sc+3].[Sc+3] HJGMWXTVGKLUAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088417 precipitated calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0668—Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04059—Evaporative processes for the cooling of a fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0208—Other waste gases from fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
アノード: 2H2O→2H2+O2 O2+2CO2+2e-→CO3 -2
カソード: CO3 -2→O2+2CO2+2e-
Claims (20)
- 燃料電池システムであって、電力を生成するとともに、前記燃料電池システムから排出される排気中に含まれるCO2を分離するように構成された前記燃料電池システムと、
排気処理システムであって、前記燃料電池システムから排出される前記排気から分離されたCO2を隔離することと高密度化することとのうちの少なくとも1つを行うように構成された前記排気処理システムと
を備える、統合された発電及び排気処理システム。 - 前記排気処理システムは、
前記燃料電池システムから排出される排気を受け入れるように構成されたリザーバと、
前記リザーバから排出される排気を圧縮するように構成された圧縮機と
を備え、
前記リザーバは、前記燃料電池システムに加えられる排気背圧の量を減らすように構成された、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記リザーバは、前記リザーバ内の前記排気背圧がプリセットレベルを超えるのを防ぐように構成された逃し弁を備える、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記プリセットレベルは、前記燃料電池システムに損傷を与えるであろう圧力の量より小さい、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記リザーバは、前記燃料電池システムに加えられる前記排気背圧の量を減らすように構成された内部バッフルを備える、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記排気処理システムは、前記リザーバ内の前記排気の温度を低下させるように構成された冷却システムをさらに備える、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記排気処理システムは、
前記燃料電池システムに供給される燃料の特性を測定するように構成されたセンサと、
前記燃料電池システムから排出される前記排気中のCO2の量を、前記センサによる測定に基づいて決定するように構成された中央処理ユニットと
を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記排気処理システムは、前記CO2を固体炭酸カルシウムに化学的に変換するように構成されたCO2処理装置を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは、前記電力を生成するように構成された固体酸化物形燃料電池スタックと、前記燃料電池システムから排出される前記排気中に含まれる前記CO2を分離するように構成された二酸化炭素分離装置とを備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記排気処理システムは、
前記燃料電池システムから排出される前記排気から水を凝縮するように構成された凝縮器と、
前記排気の流れ方向に関して前記凝縮器の下流に配置されているとともに、前記排気中の前記CO2を圧縮するように構成された圧縮機と、
前記凝縮器又は前記圧縮機の少なくとも1つからの熱を用いて、前記燃料電池システムに供給される燃料を加熱するように構成された少なくとも1つの熱交換器と
を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記少なくとも1つの熱交換器は、
前記凝縮器の上流に配置されているとともに、前記排気からの熱を用いて前記燃料を加熱するように構成された第1の熱交換器と、
前記凝縮器又は前記圧縮機の少なくとも1つからの熱を用いて前記燃料を加熱するように構成された第2の熱交換器と
を含む、請求項10に記載のシステム。 - 前記第2の熱交換器は、前記排気を液体CO2に変換するように構成された、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 液体天然ガス(LNG)の形態の前記燃料を、LNG導管を介して前記第2の熱交換器に供給するように構成された液体天然ガス(LNG)容器をさらに備え、
前記燃料は、前記燃料が前記第1の熱交換器から排出される際には、天然ガス(NG)の形態である、請求項11に記載のシステム。 - システム起動時、外部熱源を用いて水を気化させて前記燃料を加湿するように構成された気化器をさらに備える、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 前記凝縮器から受け入れた水を中和することと精製することとのうちの少なくとも1つを行うように構成された水処理装置をさらに備える、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは船上に配置されているとともに、前記船の電気負荷に電気的に接続されている、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 燃料電池システムに燃料を供給することと、
前記燃料電池システムを作動させて、電力及び燃料排気流を生成することと、
二酸化炭素分離装置を用いて前記燃料排気流からCO2を分離して、CO2含有排気と精製された排気とを生成することと、
前記分離されたCO2含有排気を排気処理システムに供給することと、
前記排気処理システムを用いて、前記CO2含有排気中のCO2を隔離することと高密度化することとのうちの少なくとも1つを行うことと
を含む燃料電池システムの作動方法。 - 前記CO2含有排気から水を凝縮することと、
前記CO2含有排気中の前記CO2を圧縮することと、
前記燃料電池システムに供給される燃料を、前記凝縮することと前記圧縮することとのうちの少なくとも1つで発生した熱を用いて加熱することと
をさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。 - 燃料電池システムが船上に配置され、前記船の電気負荷に電気的に接続され、
前記燃料は、液体天然ガス(LNG)容器内に貯蔵される液体天然ガス(LNG)を含み、
前記圧縮されたCO2はCO2貯蔵容器に貯蔵され、
前記船が港に到着すると、前記LNGは前記LNG容器に充填され、及び前記CO2は前記CO2貯蔵容器から取り除かれる、請求項17に記載の方法。 - 燃料電池システムに燃料を供給することと、
前記燃料電池システムを作動させて電力及び燃料排気流を生成することと、
二酸化炭素分離装置を用いて前記燃料排気流からCO2を分離して、CO2含有排気と精製された排気とを生成することと、
前記分離されたCO2含有排気と固体CaOをNaOH含有溶液に供給して、前記CO2ガスが前記NaOH(l)と反応してNa2CO3(l)と水を形成し、前記CaO(s)が前記水と反応してCa(OH)2(l)を形成し、前記Na2CO3(l)と前記Ca(OH)2(l)が反応して固体CaCO3を沈殿させてNaOH(l)を生成することと、
前記生成されたNaOH(l)を再循環させてさらなるCO2ガスと反応させることと
を含む燃料電池システムの作動方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201962876227P | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | |
US62/876,227 | 2019-07-19 | ||
PCT/US2020/042456 WO2021016057A1 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2020-07-17 | Integrated power generation, carbon dioxide separation and downstream processing system and method |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2022541546A true JP2022541546A (ja) | 2022-09-26 |
JPWO2021016057A5 JPWO2021016057A5 (ja) | 2023-07-20 |
JP7525592B2 JP7525592B2 (ja) | 2024-07-30 |
Family
ID=
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002327896A (ja) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-15 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 吸着式消化ガス貯蔵装置および消化ガスの貯蔵方法 |
US20040191595A1 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-09-30 | Ion America Corporation | SORFC system and method with an exothermic net electrolysis reaction |
JP2012002159A (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2012-01-05 | National Maritime Research Institute | 二酸化炭素回収機能付き輸送手段および二酸化炭素の回収処理方法 |
JP2012530010A (ja) * | 2010-05-07 | 2012-11-29 | 大宇造船海洋株式会社 | Lng運搬船の電気生産装置及び方法 |
JP2015513047A (ja) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-04-30 | サウジ アラビアン オイル カンパニー | 内燃エンジンの廃熱を用いてco2捕捉システムのco2圧縮機を駆動する方法 |
US20160248111A1 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-08-25 | Bloom Energy Corporation | Carbon dioxide separator, fuel cell system including same, and method of operating the fuel cell system |
CN108895765A (zh) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-27 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | 一种二氧化碳液化装置及液化方法 |
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002327896A (ja) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-15 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 吸着式消化ガス貯蔵装置および消化ガスの貯蔵方法 |
US20040191595A1 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-09-30 | Ion America Corporation | SORFC system and method with an exothermic net electrolysis reaction |
JP2012530010A (ja) * | 2010-05-07 | 2012-11-29 | 大宇造船海洋株式会社 | Lng運搬船の電気生産装置及び方法 |
JP2012002159A (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2012-01-05 | National Maritime Research Institute | 二酸化炭素回収機能付き輸送手段および二酸化炭素の回収処理方法 |
JP2015513047A (ja) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-04-30 | サウジ アラビアン オイル カンパニー | 内燃エンジンの廃熱を用いてco2捕捉システムのco2圧縮機を駆動する方法 |
US20160248111A1 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-08-25 | Bloom Energy Corporation | Carbon dioxide separator, fuel cell system including same, and method of operating the fuel cell system |
CN108895765A (zh) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-27 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | 一种二氧化碳液化装置及液化方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2021016057A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
EP4000118A1 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
US11456474B2 (en) | 2022-09-27 |
CN114303266A (zh) | 2022-04-08 |
US20210020974A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
KR20220035385A (ko) | 2022-03-22 |
KR102620207B1 (ko) | 2024-01-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102620207B1 (ko) | 통합된 전력 생산, 이산화탄소 분리 및 하류 처리 시스템과 방법 | |
US9190685B2 (en) | SOFC system with selective CO2 removal | |
EP0671059B1 (en) | Hydrocarbon fueled solid polymer fuel cell electric power generation system | |
JP4482057B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池システム | |
US9373856B2 (en) | Method of recycling and tapping off hydrogen for power generation apparatus | |
JP5011673B2 (ja) | 燃料電池発電システム | |
US10186724B2 (en) | Carbon dioxide separator, fuel cell system including same, and method of operating the fuel cell system | |
KR20180026395A (ko) | 이산화탄소 포집 어셈블리를 갖는 고효율 연료 전지 시스템 및 방법 | |
JP2006309982A (ja) | 固体酸化物形燃料電池システム | |
US20120135322A1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
KR20190043154A (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템의 열 및 물 회수를 이용한 포화기 | |
JP2005276757A (ja) | 燃料電池コジェネレーションシステム | |
CN113316482A (zh) | 反应装置以及燃料电池发电*** | |
JP7525592B2 (ja) | 統合された発電及び排気処理システム、及び燃料電池システムの作動方法 | |
JP2002231282A (ja) | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池発電装置 | |
KR101788743B1 (ko) | 선박용 연료전지 시스템 | |
US7514165B2 (en) | Fuel cell system fluid recovery | |
TW202337064A (zh) | 具改良燃料利用率的燃料電池系統及方法 | |
KR100664086B1 (ko) | 기액분리기 및 이를 적용한 연료전지 | |
RU2774852C1 (ru) | Энергетическая установка замкнутого цикла с твердополимерными топливными элементами | |
JP2019186111A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
WO2024120982A1 (en) | Fuel cell energy generation system | |
JP2023086127A (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムを百パーセントに近い燃料利用率で動作させる方法 | |
KR20230070163A (ko) | 스팀 생성을 이용하는 전해조 시스템 및 이의 동작 방법 | |
JP2019192424A (ja) | 燃料電池システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20230711 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20230711 |
|
A871 | Explanation of circumstances concerning accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A871 Effective date: 20230711 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20231003 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20231228 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20240207 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20240312 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20240605 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20240618 |