JP2022075577A - 交流バッテリの安全コンセプトのための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
交流バッテリの安全コンセプトのための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0038—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to sensors
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/427—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
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- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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- B60Y2400/308—Electric sensors
- B60Y2400/3084—Electric currents sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
Description
・即時シャットダウンが入力信号によって要求される、
・ゼロトルクが不適切に報告される、
・中断故障が故障ループの監視から推測される、
・トラクション機構の相電流の測定センサが中断故障を出力する、
・少なくとも2つの測定センサ、例えばトラクション機構の電流センサの妥当性チェックが中断故障を出力する、
・追加的に配置されたDC/DCコンバータが中断故障を出力する。
・すべての電流センサが故障する、
・1つの電流センサを除くすべての電流センサが故障する、
・相電流トリップに関連して少なくとも1つのヒューズが飛ぶ、
・トラクション機構のロータの回転角度を測定するリゾルバが故障する、又は妥当性監視によって判定され得る、若しくは判定される信号による不適切なロータ位置、
・それぞれの相電流が許容範囲を外れている(例えば、断線の結果として)、
・トラクション機構への電力の流れが許容範囲を外れている。
・「POR」(「パワーオンリセット(Power-On-Reset)」の略)状態の後に取られていた「CB_INIT」状態から「バイパス-」状態に変化している。
・中断故障の発生を意味する「CB_ERROR」状態から「バイパス-」状態に変化している。
・「CP_RUN」状態からは、受信されるブロードキャストメッセージの内容に応じて、故障ループがトリガを運んでいない限り(ここでは「故障ループがトップである」とも言う)、措置が取られる。
・中央コントローラからのシャットダウンコマンド後に取られていた「CB_SHUTDOWN」状態から「BYPASS-」状態に変更される。この状態から、最終的に「PASSIVE」状態に変更され、システムがシャットダウンされる。
・電流センサがRS485インターフェースを介して故障メッセージを発する
・電流センサが接続の遮断を判定する
・規定範囲外の電圧値が判定される
・所定の温度範囲を超えた(例えば、86℃超)と温度センサが判定する
・HSB_CMD_RX(IPコア)が機能持続時間(定期的に送信される信号の「タイムアウト」)を超える
・ウォッチドッグ又はその測定センサが短時間の電圧降下を判定する(ウォッチドッグ電圧降下検出)
201 モジュールコントローラのマイクロプロセッサ上のプロセス
202 FPGAモジュールコントローラ上のプロセス
203 中央コントローラ上のプロセス
204 モジュールコントローラから制御基板へ
210 オンチップ温度監視
211 電流センサ導体遮断検出
212 電流センサ閾値が信号に到達
213 モジュール状態機械
220 不足電圧/過電圧検出モジュール
221 HSB_CMD
234 制御基板からのHSB_CMD
243 制御基板へのエラーライン
100 中央コントローラ
101 中央コントローラのマイクロプロセッサ上のプロセス
102 FPGA中央コントローラ上のプロセス
103 中央コントローラ上のプロセス
104 中央コントローラから制御基板へ
110 オンチップ温度監視
111 電流センサチェック
112 エラーライン導体遮断検出
113 HSB_Dataタイムアウト監視
114 トラクションシステム状態機械
115 致命的エラーIRQ
120 同期ADC
121 ADC_RAWが範囲内である
122 スケーラ
123 リゾルバ/デコーダ
124 永久磁石式同期モータコントローラ
125 デルタシグマ変調器
126 スケジューラ
127 HSB_CMDブロック
128 零相電流/リゾルバ
129 飽和/電力制限
134 制御基板へのHSB_CMD
143 制御基板の故障ループ
Claims (10)
- 交流バッテリの安全コンセプトのための方法であって、前記交流バッテリが、中央コントローラと、少なくとも1つのストリングに配置され、複数のスイッチング状態を有するパワー基板をそれぞれ有する複数のバッテリモジュールと、複数のコンタクタと、複数の電流センサと、故障ループと、高速バスとを備え、及びトラクション機構に接続され、前記中央コントローラが、少なくとも1つのマイクロプロセッサコアを有するハードウェアプログラマブルプロセッサユニットを有し、前記ハードウェアプログラマブルプロセッサユニット上で、前記バッテリモジュール、前記複数のコンタクタ、及び前記故障ループを制御するように制御プログラムが構成され、状態機械が前記制御プログラムによって実装され、前記バッテリモジュールが前記中央コントローラから前記高速バスを介して前記故障ループまで接続され、中断故障が検出されると、各コンタクタがそれぞれの安全スイッチング位置を取ることによって、及び前記中央コントローラが最終的に切断されることによって「バイパス」スイッチング状態を取るように、前記中央コントローラによって前記高速バスを介して各バッテリモジュールに要求することによって、前記交流バッテリが前記中央コントローラによって安全動作状態に変更される、方法。
- 前記中断故障が、断線、故障ループがトリガを運んでいること、及び前記中央コントローラに接続されたCANバスが不適切な動作状態を指示していることのうちのいずれかイベントが存在する場合に取得される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電流センサとマイクロプロセッサを有するモジュールコントローラとが各バッテリモジュールに配置され、前記モジュールコントローラは、前記中断故障が検出されると前記故障ループに前記トリガを渡す、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記交流バッテリが、以下のリスト:
低電圧DC/DCコンバータ、前記トラクション機構のそれぞれの相電流のための電流センサ、及び充電プラグ
のうちから少なくとも1つの周辺ユニットを有し、前記少なくとも1つの周辺ユニットが前記故障ループに接続され、前記少なくとも1つの周辺ユニットは、前記中断故障が検出されると前記故障ループに前記トリガを渡す、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記ハードウェアプログラマブルプロセッサユニットとしてFPGAが選択され、前記状態機械が前記制御プログラムによって前記少なくとも1つのマイクロプロセッサコア上で実装される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 交流バッテリの安全コンセプトのためのシステムであって、前記交流バッテリが、中央コントローラと、少なくとも1つのストリングに配置され、複数のスイッチング状態を有するパワー基板をそれぞれ有する複数のバッテリモジュールと、複数のコンタクタと、複数の電流センサと、故障ループと、高速バスとを備え、及びトラクション機構に接続され、前記中央コントローラが、少なくとも1つのマイクロプロセッサコアを有するハードウェアプログラマブルプロセッサユニットを有し、前記ハードウェアプログラマブルプロセッサユニット上で、前記バッテリモジュール、前記複数のコンタクタ、及び前記故障ループを制御するように制御プログラムが構成され、状態機械が前記制御プログラムによって実装され、前記バッテリモジュールが前記中央コントローラから前記高速バスを介して前記故障ループまで接続され、中断故障が検出されると、前記中央コントローラが前記交流バッテリを安全動作状態に変更するように構成され、前記変更することが、「バイパス」スイッチング状態を取るように前記高速バスを介して各バッテリモジュールに要求することと、各コンタクタにおいてそれぞれの安全スイッチング位置を命令することと、最後に前記中央コントローラを切断することとを含む、システム。
- 前記中断故障が、以下のリスト:断線、故障ループがトリガを運んでいること、及び前記中央コントローラに接続されたCANバスが不適切な動作状態を指示していること、のうちのいずれかのイベントの場合に存在する、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 電流センサとマイクロプロセッサを有するモジュールコントローラとが各バッテリモジュールに配置され、前記モジュールコントローラは、前記中断故障が検出されると前記故障ループに前記トリガを渡すように構成される、請求項6又は7に記載のシステム。
- 前記交流バッテリが、以下のリスト:
低電圧DC/DCコンバータ、及び前記トラクション機構のそれぞれの相電流のための電流センサ
のうちから前記故障ループに接続される少なくとも1つの周辺ユニットを有し、前記少なくとも1つの周辺ユニットが前記故障ループに接続され、前記少なくとも1つの周辺ユニットは、中断故障が検出されると前記故障ループに前記トリガを渡すように構成される、請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。 - 前記ハードウェアプログラマブルプロセッサユニットがFPGAであり、前記状態機械が前記少なくとも1つのマイクロプロセッサコア上で前記制御プログラムによって実装される、請求項6~9のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
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