JP2021529897A - 生分解性織物、マスターバッチ、および生分解性繊維を作製する方法 - Google Patents
生分解性織物、マスターバッチ、および生分解性繊維を作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
「脂肪族ポリエステル」は、開(芳香族ではない)鎖を含む炭化水素鎖を有する繰り返しエステル単位を含有する。これらは、ホモポリマー、脂肪族基のみを含有するコポリマー、または脂肪族基およびアリール基の両方を含有するコポリマーであり得る。
アパレルの例としては、シャツ、パンツ、ブラジャー、パンティ、帽子、下着、コート、スカート、ドレス、タイツ、ストレッチパンツ、およびスカーフが挙げられる。
前駆体、中間体、および最終生成物の分子組成物は、ゲル透過クロマトグラフィー、より好ましくはポリマーブレンドの勾配分析などの従来の方法によって決定することができる。
2つの配合物から仕上げた生地をストーンウォッシュ加工(stone tumbled)してマイクロファイバーを創出し、水処理施設で典型的に経験する条件をモデルとするASTM D5210よる、55日間の分解について、マイクロファイバーを試験した。結果を表5および図4に示す。
1つの配合物から仕上げた生地をストーンウォッシュ加工してマイクロファイバーを創出し、ASTM D6691による112日間の分解について、マイクロファイバーを試験した。結果を表6および図5に要約する。
ASTM E1963方法、すなわち、豆類、トウモロコシ、およびエンドウ豆などの陸域植物種を使用する植物毒性試験を行うためのプロトコルを使用して、植物成長および発達に対する試験物質の影響を決定するために、組成物を試験した。エンドウ豆は土壌条件に非常に敏感であるので、良好な指標である。このASTM E1963試験には、レシピ2からのASTM D5511試験からの副生成物を含有する残留土壌の浸出液を使用した。図7は、ASTM E1963試験からの結果を示す。
ASTM D5511において、本発明による繊維の細菌分解に供された繊維の電子顕微鏡画像を、図6のSEM画像(SEM HV:15kV、視野173ミクロン、SEM倍率1.5、Tescan(商標)Vega3(商標)タングステン熱イオン放出SEMシステム(https://www.tescan.com/en−us/technology/sem/vega3)、2019年2月12日にアクセス)に示し、細菌に>1年曝露させた後の、本発明によるポリエステル未染色繊維の表面上の細菌のコロニー形成を示す。
Claims (15)
- 生分解性繊維であって、
PET以外の、エステル基間の鎖に2〜6個の炭素を有する繰り返し単位を含む脂肪族ポリエステルであって、前記鎖中の前記2〜6個の炭素が側鎖炭素を含まない、脂肪族ポリエステルと、
0.01〜0.2質量%のCaCO3と、
少なくとも90質量%のPET、ナイロン、オレフィン、他の熱可塑性ポリマー、およびそれらの組み合わせと、を含む、生分解性繊維。 - 266日間ASTM D5511の条件に供されると、少なくとも40%、または少なくとも50%、または40%〜約80%の範囲、または40%〜約75%の範囲で分解される、請求項1に記載の繊維。
- 前記ASTM試験からの前記分解生成物が、主にメタンおよび二酸化炭素である、請求項2に記載の繊維。
- 家庭洗濯試験20AATCC135−2015 1IIAii(80Fでの洗濯機洗浄、タンブラー乾燥、5回の洗濯サイクル)の条件に供されると、前記織物がその形状を維持し、10%未満、または5%未満、または3%未満収縮するような寸法安定性を特徴とする、請求項1に記載の繊維。
- AATCC61−2013 2A(mod 105F)、またはAATCC8−2016、またはAATCC16.3−2014(オプション3、20AFU)の条件に供されると、少なくともグレード3、または少なくともグレード4、またはグレード5の染色堅ろう度を特徴とする、請求項1に記載の染色された繊維。
- ASTM D3786/D3886M−13の条件に供されると、少なくとも20psi、好ましくは少なくとも50psi、または少なくとも100psi、または50のうちの25〜約200psi、または50〜約150psiの範囲の破裂強度を特徴とする、請求項1に記載の繊維。
- AATCC197−2013オプションBの条件に供されると、前記織物が、2分間で少なくとも10mm、または少なくとも20mm、または約10もしくは約20mm〜約150mmの範囲の距離を上回って吸水するような吸水能力を特徴とする、請求項1に記載の繊維。
- 0.9〜1.1質量パーセントの炭酸カルシウムから本質的になり、
前記2〜6個の炭素の脂肪族エステルが、44〜54質量パーセントの量のポリカプロラクトンであり、
9〜11質量パーセントの量のポリブチレンサクシネートをさらに含み、
前記マスターバッチの残りが、前記担体ポリマーとしてのポリエチレンテレフタレートである、請求項1に記載の繊維。 - 0.39〜0.48重量%のポリエステルと、
0.39〜0.49重量%のPLCと、
0.01重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、
少なくとも90質量%のPETと、から本質的になる、請求項8に記載の繊維。 - 0.05〜0.1重量%のPLA、0.05〜0.1%のPHA、0.05〜0.1%のPBAT、0.10〜0.20重量%のPBS、0.01重量%の二酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組成物の組み合わせからなる群から選択される組成物をさらに含む、請求項9に記載の繊維。
- 請求項1に記載の、テクスチャ加工された繊維。
- 請求項11に記載のテクスチャ加工された繊維から形成される、糸。
- 請求項12に記載の糸から形成される、生地。
- 織布、不織布、およびニット生地からなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の生地。
- 請求項14に記載の、染色された生地。
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