JP2021164421A - Multistage cultivation device - Google Patents

Multistage cultivation device Download PDF

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JP2021164421A
JP2021164421A JP2020068862A JP2020068862A JP2021164421A JP 2021164421 A JP2021164421 A JP 2021164421A JP 2020068862 A JP2020068862 A JP 2020068862A JP 2020068862 A JP2020068862 A JP 2020068862A JP 2021164421 A JP2021164421 A JP 2021164421A
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cultivation
cultivation table
irrigation pipe
irrigation
medium
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JP7304311B2 (en
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徹 田中
Toru Tanaka
広志 中島
Hiroshi Nakajima
丈宏 冨貴
Takehiro Fuki
玄太 三浦
Genta Miura
逸佳 長幡
Itsuka Nagahata
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Toda Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Abstract

To provide a multistage cultivation device 10 with excellent workability despite a multistage.SOLUTION: The multistage cultivation device 10 comprises a frame 14, a first cultivation table 21 and a second cultivation table 22, a first irrigation pipe 41, a second irrigation pipe 42, and a moving mechanism 50 which moves the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42. A first retreat position AP1 at which the first irrigation pipe 41 does not interfere and a second retreat position AP2 at which the second irrigation pipe 42 does not interfere are provided between the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22. The moving mechanism 50 moves the first irrigation pipe 41 between a first irrigation position SP1 on a first culture medium 310 and the first retreat position AP1, and moves the second irrigation pipe 42 between a second irrigation position SP2 on a second culture medium 320 and the second retreat position AP2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、植物工場に採用される多段式栽培装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a multi-stage cultivation apparatus adopted in a plant factory.

近年、野菜や果物などを植物工場で栽培し、野菜や果物などの安定した生産が実現している。このような植物工場では、限られた空間を効率的に活用するため、高さ方向に複数の栽培棚を配置する多段式の栽培装置が提案されている（特許文献１）。 In recent years, vegetables and fruits have been cultivated in plant factories, and stable production of vegetables and fruits has been realized. In such a plant factory, in order to efficiently utilize the limited space, a multi-stage cultivation device in which a plurality of cultivation shelves are arranged in the height direction has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

このような多段式の栽培装置においては、各段の栽培棚の上に植物が植えられた栽培容器が配置され、各栽培容器に養液などを供給する給水パイプが配管される。植物への効率のよい給水を考慮して、給水パイプは栽培容器の培地の上に配置されるのが一般的である。 In such a multi-stage cultivation device, a cultivation container in which plants are planted is arranged on a cultivation shelf in each stage, and a water supply pipe for supplying a nutrient solution or the like is connected to each cultivation container. In consideration of efficient water supply to plants, the water supply pipe is generally placed on the medium of the cultivation container.

特開２０１３−１０２７５４号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-102754

しかしながら、多段式の栽培装置で栽培される植物や栽培容器に対して作業する場合、上下に狭い栽培棚の空間で作業が必要となり、作業性の向上が求められている。 However, when working on plants and cultivation containers cultivated by a multi-stage cultivation device, it is necessary to work in a space of cultivation shelves narrow up and down, and improvement of workability is required.

そこで、本発明は、多段式でありながら作業性に優れる多段式栽培装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage cultivation apparatus which is multi-stage and has excellent workability.

本発明は上述の課題の少なくとも一部を解決するためになされたものであり、以下の態様または適用例として実現することができる。 The present invention has been made to solve at least a part of the above-mentioned problems, and can be realized as the following aspects or application examples.

［１］本発明に係る多段式栽培装置の一態様は、
架台と、
互いに同じ高さで前記架台に並列支持される第１栽培台及び第２栽培台と、
前記第１栽培台の第１培地に対して水を供給する第１灌水管と、
前記第２栽培台の第２培地に対して水を供給する第２灌水管と、
前記第１灌水管及び前記第２灌水管を移動させる移動機構と、
を備え、
前記第１栽培台は、前記第２栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動可能に前記架台に支持され、
前記第２栽培台は、前記第１栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動可能に前記架台に支持され、
前記第１栽培台と前記第２栽培台との間には、前記第１栽培台の水平移動に対して前記第１灌水管が干渉しない第１退避位置と、前記第２栽培台の水平移動に対して前記第２灌水管が干渉しない第２退避位置と、があり、
前記移動機構は、前記第１灌水管を前記第１培地の上の第１灌水位置と前記第１退避位置との間で移動させ、かつ、前記第２灌水管を前記第２培地の上の第２灌水位置と前記第２退避位置との間で移動させることを特徴とする。 [1] One aspect of the multi-stage cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is
With the gantry
The first cultivation table and the second cultivation table, which are supported in parallel with the gantry at the same height as each other,
A first irrigation pipe that supplies water to the first medium of the first cultivation table, and
A second irrigation pipe that supplies water to the second medium of the second cultivation table, and
A moving mechanism for moving the first irrigation pipe and the second irrigation pipe,
With
The first cultivation table is supported by the frame so as to be horizontally movable in a direction away from the second cultivation table.
The second cultivation table is supported by the frame so as to be horizontally movable in a direction away from the first cultivation table.
Between the first cultivation table and the second cultivation table, a first evacuation position where the first irrigation pipe does not interfere with the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table and a horizontal movement of the second cultivation table. There is a second evacuation position where the second irrigation pipe does not interfere with the other.
The movement mechanism moves the first irrigation tube between the first irrigation position on the first medium and the first evacuation position, and moves the second irrigation tube on the second medium. It is characterized in that it is moved between the second irrigation position and the second evacuation position.

［２］前記多段式栽培装置の一態様において、
前記第１退避位置は、前記第１灌水位置より高い位置にあり、
前記第２退避位置は、前記第２灌水位置より高い位置にあることができる。 [2] In one aspect of the multi-stage cultivation device,
The first evacuation position is higher than the first irrigation position.
The second evacuation position can be higher than the second irrigation position.

［３］前記多段式栽培装置の一態様において、
前記架台は、前記第２栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動した前記第１栽培台を昇降可能な第１昇降機構と、前記第１栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動した前記第２栽培台を昇降可能な第２昇降機構と、をさらに備えることができる。 [3] In one aspect of the multi-stage cultivation device,
The gantry raises and lowers the first elevating mechanism capable of raising and lowering the first cultivation table horizontally moved away from the second cultivation table, and the second cultivation table horizontally moved away from the first cultivation table. A possible second elevating mechanism can be further provided.

本発明に係る多段式栽培装置によれば、架台から栽培台を水平移動可能とすることにより、多段式でありながら、作業性に優れる。しかも、栽培台を水平移動させる際に、あらかじめ灌水管を培地の上から退避位置に移動させることにより、灌水管と植物の根や葉などとの干渉を回避することができ、多段式栽培装置における作業性に貢献する。 According to the multi-stage cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, by making the cultivation table horizontally movable from the gantry, the workability is excellent even though it is a multi-stage type. Moreover, when the cultivation table is moved horizontally, by moving the irrigation tube from the top of the medium to the retracted position in advance, it is possible to avoid interference between the irrigation tube and the roots and leaves of the plant, and the multi-stage cultivation device. Contributes to workability in.

本発明の一実施形態に係る多段式栽培装置の正面図である。It is a front view of the multi-stage cultivation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 図１における第１ポット及び第２ポットを省略した多段式栽培装置の正面図である。It is a front view of the multi-stage cultivation apparatus which omitted the 1st pot and the 2nd pot in FIG.

以下、本発明の好適な実施形態について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。なお、以下に説明する実施形態は、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の内容を不当に限定するものではない。また、以下で説明される構成の全てが本発明の必須構成要件であるとは限らない。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not unreasonably limit the content of the present invention described in the claims. Moreover, not all of the configurations described below are essential constituent requirements of the present invention.

１．多段式栽培装置
図１〜図３を用いて、本発明の一実施形態に係る多段式栽培装置１０について詳細に説明する。図１は、一実施形態に係る多段式栽培装置１０の正面図であり、図２は、図１のＡ−Ａ断面図であり、図３は、図１における第１ポット３１及び第２ポット３２を省略した多段式栽培装置１０の正面図である。図２の右側は灌水時の状態を示し、図２の左側は退避時の状態を示す。なお、図１〜図３には、互いに直交するＸ軸、Ｙ軸及びＺ軸を示し、第１栽培台２１が水平移動する方向をＸ軸に沿った方向、第１栽培台２１の長手方向をＹ軸に沿った方向、高さ方向をＺ軸に沿った方向とする。 1. 1. Multi-stage cultivation device The multi-stage cultivation device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a front view of the multi-stage cultivation apparatus 10 according to one embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a first pot 31 and a second pot in FIG. It is a front view of the multi-stage cultivation apparatus 10 which omitted 32. The right side of FIG. 2 shows the state at the time of irrigation, and the left side of FIG. 2 shows the state at the time of evacuation. In addition, FIGS. Is the direction along the Y axis, and the height direction is the direction along the Z axis.

多段式栽培装置１０は、架台１４と、互いに同じ高さで架台１４に並列支持される第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２と、第１栽培台２１の第１培地３１０に対して水を供給する第１灌水管４１と、第２栽培台２２の第２培地３２０に対して水を供給する第２灌水管４２と、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２を移動させる移動機構５０と、を備える。 The multi-stage cultivation device 10 includes water for the gantry 14, the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 supported in parallel with the gantry 14 at the same height as each other, and the first medium 310 of the first cultivation table 21. The first irrigation pipe 41 for supplying water, the second irrigation pipe 42 for supplying water to the second medium 320 of the second cultivation table 22, and the moving mechanism for moving the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42. 50 and.

架台１４は、植物工場の床面に立設される複数本、例えば４本の支柱１４２と、高さ方向における複数個所で支柱１４２に固定された複数組のガイドレール１４０と、を備える。架台１４は、例えば金属製の部材で構成される。ガイドレール１４０は、支柱１４２の所定の高さに固定された載置台であり、Ｘ軸に沿った方向に延びる水平な案内面を有し、その案内面の上に第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２が載置される。ガイドレール１４０の水平面が第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２の水平移動を案内する。同じ高さに対向配置された各組のガイドレール１４０は、その間に第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２がそれぞれ架け渡されて、第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２を並列支持する。 The gantry 14 includes a plurality of columns erected on the floor surface of the plant factory, for example, four columns 142, and a plurality of sets of guide rails 140 fixed to the columns 142 at a plurality of locations in the height direction. The gantry 14 is made of, for example, a metal member. The guide rail 140 is a mounting table fixed to a predetermined height of the support column 142, has a horizontal guide surface extending in a direction along the X axis, and has a first cultivation table 21 and a first cultivation table 21 on the guide surface. 2 Cultivation table 22 is placed. The horizontal plane of the guide rail 140 guides the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22. The guide rails 140 of each set, which are arranged to face each other at the same height, have a first cultivation table 21 and a second cultivation table 22 bridged between them, respectively, and support the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 in parallel. do.

第１栽培台２１と第２栽培台２２は、Ｙ軸に沿って両栽培台の長手方向を揃えて並列に配置され、かつ、Ｘ軸に沿った方向で隣接して配置される。第１栽培台２１の上には、複数の第１ポット３１がＹ軸に沿って載置され、第２栽培台２２の上には、複数の第２ポット３２がＹ軸に沿って載置される。ポットに替えてＹ軸に沿って長い合成樹脂製のプランターを用いてもよい。 The first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 are arranged in parallel with the longitudinal directions of both cultivation tables aligned along the Y axis, and are arranged adjacent to each other in the direction along the X axis. A plurality of first pots 31 are placed along the Y axis on the first cultivation table 21, and a plurality of second pots 32 are placed along the Y axis on the second cultivation table 22. Will be done. Instead of the pot, a planter made of synthetic resin long along the Y axis may be used.

第１ポット３１及び第２ポット３２は、内部にそれぞれ第１培地３１０及び第２培地３２０が充填される容器である。第１ポット３１及び第２ポット３２には、それぞれ１本ずつ植物６０が植えられる。第１ポット３１及び第２ポット３２は、略円筒状の合成樹脂製であり、薄肉で軽量のものが作業者の負担が小さく好ましい。複数の第１ポット３１は、第１培地３１０がそれぞれに独立して充填され、複数の第２ポット３２は、第２培地３２０がそれぞれに独立して充填される。各第１培地３１０及び各第２培地３２０が独立していることにより、土壌伝染のリスク軽減、培土量の削減、軽量化による作業性の向上が得られる。第１ポット３１は、隣り合う他の第１ポット３１に対し着脱可能に連結してもよく、第２ポット３２は、隣り合う他の第２ポット３２に対し着脱可能に連結してもよい。 The first pot 31 and the second pot 32 are containers filled with the first medium 310 and the second medium 320, respectively. One plant 60 is planted in each of the first pot 31 and the second pot 32. The first pot 31 and the second pot 32 are made of a substantially cylindrical synthetic resin, and those having a thin wall and a light weight are preferable because the burden on the operator is small. The plurality of first pots 31 are individually filled with the first medium 310, and the plurality of second pots 32 are individually filled with the second medium 320. Since each of the first medium 310 and each of the second medium 320 are independent, the risk of soil transmission can be reduced, the amount of soil cultivated can be reduced, and workability can be improved by reducing the weight. The first pot 31 may be detachably connected to another adjacent first pot 31, and the second pot 32 may be detachably connected to another adjacent second pot 32.

第１培地３１０及び第２培地３２０の材質は、栽培する植物６０に応じて選定できる。第１培地３１０及び第２培地３２０としては、例えば、ロックウール、ピートモス、バーミキュライト、ココヤシ等の公知の固形培地を採用できる。 The materials of the first medium 310 and the second medium 320 can be selected according to the plant 60 to be cultivated. As the first medium 310 and the second medium 320, for example, known solid media such as rock wool, peat moss, vermiculite, and coconut can be adopted.

第１灌水管４１は、第１栽培台２１の第１培地３１０に対して水を供給する。第２灌水管４２は、第２栽培台２２の第２培地３２０に対して水を供給する。第１灌水管４１は、第１培地３１０の上の第１灌水位置ＳＰ１に配置される。第１灌水位置ＳＰ１は、第１ポット３１の中心より第２ポット３２側に寄っていることが好ましい。第２灌水管４２は、第２培地３２０の上の第２灌水位置ＳＰ２に配置される。第２灌水位置ＳＰ２は、第２ポット３２の中心より第１ポット３１側に寄っていることが好ましい。第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２をこのように配置することにより、後述する退避位置への移動が容易となるため、好ましい。 The first irrigation pipe 41 supplies water to the first medium 310 of the first cultivation table 21. The second irrigation pipe 42 supplies water to the second medium 320 of the second cultivation table 22. The first irrigation pipe 41 is arranged at the first irrigation position SP1 on the first medium 310. The first irrigation position SP1 is preferably closer to the second pot 32 side than the center of the first pot 31. The second irrigation pipe 42 is located at the second irrigation position SP2 above the second medium 320. The second irrigation position SP2 is preferably closer to the first pot 31 side than the center of the second pot 32. By arranging the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 in this way, it becomes easy to move to the evacuation position described later, which is preferable.

第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２は、第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２の長手方向に沿って延びる例えば合成樹脂製のチューブであり、側面の複数の開口から水を植物６０へ噴出することができる。第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２は、金属製であってもよいし、柔軟なホースであってもよい。第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２は、図示しない給水設備及び排水設備に接続される。第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２から植物６０へ供給される水は、植物６０の生育に必要な肥料を含む養液であってもよい。 The first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 are tubes made of, for example, synthetic resin extending along the longitudinal direction of the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22, and water is supplied from a plurality of openings on the side surface of the plant 60. Can be ejected to. The first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 may be made of metal or may be a flexible hose. The first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 are connected to a water supply facility and a drainage facility (not shown). The water supplied from the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 to the plant 60 may be a nutrient solution containing fertilizer necessary for the growth of the plant 60.

架台１４は、各組のガイドレール１４０に支持された第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２と高さ方向で対向するように配置された照明１２を備える。照明１２は、例えば各組のガイドレール１４０の下面に架け渡されるように配置してもよい。照明１２は、例えばＬＥＤ（Ｌｉｇｈｔ Ｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇ Ｄｉｏｄｅ）照明である。 The gantry 14 includes lighting 12 arranged so as to face the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 supported by the guide rails 140 of each set in the height direction. The lighting 12 may be arranged so as to span the lower surface of each set of guide rails 140, for example. The lighting 12 is, for example, LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting.

第１栽培台２１は、第２栽培台２２から離れる方向に水平移動可能に架台１４のガイドレール１４０に支持される。第２栽培台２２は、第１栽培台２１から離れる方向に水平移動可能に架台１４のガイドレール１４０に支持される。第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２の水平移動は、作業者がＸ軸に沿った方向へ第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２を引っ張ってもよいし、電動モータやエアシリンダなどのアクチュエータを用いて自動化してもよい。 The first cultivation table 21 is supported by the guide rail 140 of the gantry 14 so as to be horizontally movable in a direction away from the second cultivation table 22. The second cultivation table 22 is supported by the guide rail 140 of the gantry 14 so as to be horizontally movable in a direction away from the first cultivation table 21. In the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22, the worker may pull the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 in the direction along the X axis, an electric motor, an air cylinder, or the like. It may be automated by using the actuator of.

水平移動された第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２は、架台１４の両側に並んで配置される作業台７３の上へと移動される。作業台７３は、架台１４のＸ軸に沿った方向の外側
にあって、ガイドレール１４０と同じ高さに配置可能である。多段式栽培装置１０によれば、架台１４から第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２を１段ごとに作業台７３の上に水平移動可能とすることにより、多段式でありながら、作業性に優れる。具体的には、ガイドレール１４０上に配置されている各栽培台の上には照明１２やその上の栽培台が存在し、上下に狭い空間となるが、各栽培台を作業台７３上に水平移動させることで各栽培台の上方には作業を妨げるものがなくなるため、作業性が向上するのである。 The horizontally moved first cultivation table 21 and second cultivation table 22 are moved onto a work table 73 arranged side by side on both sides of the gantry 14. The workbench 73 is on the outside in the direction along the X axis of the gantry 14, and can be arranged at the same height as the guide rail 140. According to the multi-stage cultivation device 10, the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 can be moved horizontally on the work table 73 for each stage from the gantry 14, so that the workability is possible even though the multi-stage type is used. Excellent for. Specifically, the lighting 12 and the cultivation table above it exist on each cultivation table arranged on the guide rail 140, and the space is narrow up and down, but each cultivation table is placed on the work table 73. By moving it horizontally, there is nothing to interfere with the work above each cultivation table, so workability is improved.

架台１４は、Ｘ軸に沿った方向の両側に隣接する第１昇降機構７１及び第２昇降機構７２をさらに備えることが好ましい。第１昇降機構７１は、第２栽培台２２から離れる方向に水平移動した第１栽培台２１を作業台７３に載せた状態で昇降可能である。第２昇降機構７２は、第１栽培台２１から離れる方向に水平移動した第２栽培台２２を作業台７３に載せた状態で昇降可能である。第１昇降機構７１は、第２昇降機構７２と基本的な構成が同じであるので、ここでは第１昇降機構７１について説明し、第２昇降機構７２については省略する。 It is preferable that the gantry 14 further includes a first elevating mechanism 71 and a second elevating mechanism 72 adjacent to both sides in the direction along the X axis. The first elevating mechanism 71 can be elevated and lowered with the first cultivation table 21 horizontally moved away from the second cultivation table 22 mounted on the work table 73. The second elevating mechanism 72 can be elevated and lowered with the second cultivation table 22 horizontally moved away from the first cultivation table 21 mounted on the work table 73. Since the first elevating mechanism 71 has the same basic configuration as the second elevating mechanism 72, the first elevating mechanism 71 will be described here, and the second elevating mechanism 72 will be omitted.

第１昇降機構７１は、第１栽培台２１を支持可能な一組の作業台７３と、作業台７３が固定された昇降用チェーン７６と、昇降用チェーン７６を駆動する電動のモータ７４と、作業台７３を案内する昇降用ガイドレール７８と、を備える。第１昇降機構７１は、一組の作業台７３を各組のガイドレール１４０の高さ位置と、所定の高さにある作業位置Ｗ１との間で昇降可能である。一組の作業台７３を作業位置Ｗ１に移動させることで、一組の作業台７３上に支持された第１栽培台２１を作業者が作業しやすい高さで第１栽培台２１にある第１ポット３１及び植物６０に対して作業が可能となる。 The first elevating mechanism 71 includes a set of worktables 73 capable of supporting the first cultivation table 21, an elevating chain 76 to which the workbench 73 is fixed, an electric motor 74 for driving the elevating chain 76, and an electric motor 74. It is provided with an elevating guide rail 78 for guiding the work table 73. The first elevating mechanism 71 can elevate and lower a set of work tables 73 between the height position of each set of guide rails 140 and the work position W1 at a predetermined height. By moving the set of worktables 73 to the work position W1, the first cultivation table 21 supported on the set of worktables 73 is located on the first cultivation table 21 at a height at which workers can easily work. Work can be performed on 1 pot 31 and plant 60.

作業台７３は、少なくとも一対設けられる。作業台７３は、第１栽培台２１のＹ軸に沿った方向における両端下面を支持する。作業台７３は、ガイドレール１４０の水平面と同じく第１栽培台２１の水平移動を可能とする水平面を備える。作業台７３は、Ｙ軸に沿って延びる昇降用チェーン７６に固定される。作業台７３は、多段に設けられたガイドレール１４０の高さ位置に合わせて複数組設けられてもよい。 At least a pair of worktables 73 are provided. The work table 73 supports the lower surfaces of both ends of the first cultivation table 21 in the direction along the Y axis. The work table 73 includes a horizontal surface that enables horizontal movement of the first cultivation table 21 as well as the horizontal surface of the guide rail 140. The workbench 73 is fixed to an elevating chain 76 extending along the Y axis. A plurality of sets of worktables 73 may be provided according to the height position of the guide rails 140 provided in multiple stages.

昇降用チェーン７６は、上下の両端にある２つのスプロケット７５に掛け回されたローラーチェーンであり、モータ７４によってＹ軸に沿って駆動する巻掛け伝動装置を構成する。図示した電動のモータ７４は、その駆動力を上端のスプロケット７５に伝えるギアボックスに内装される。作業者の操作によりモータ７４を駆動することで作業台７３が昇降用ガイドレール７８に案内されて上下の所定位置に移動・停止可能である。作業台７３の停止位置は、各段のガイドレール１４０の高さに合わせた位置と作業位置Ｗ１である。なお、モータ７４に替えて作業者が手動で回すハンドルを昇降用チェーン７６のスプロケットに取り付けてもよい。 The elevating chain 76 is a roller chain that is hung around two sprockets 75 at both upper and lower ends, and constitutes a winding transmission device that is driven along the Y axis by a motor 74. The illustrated electric motor 74 is housed in a gearbox that transmits its driving force to the sprocket 75 at the upper end. By driving the motor 74 by the operation of the operator, the workbench 73 is guided by the elevating guide rail 78 and can be moved / stopped at a predetermined position above and below. The stop position of the work table 73 is a position matched to the height of the guide rail 140 of each stage and the work position W1. Instead of the motor 74, a handle manually turned by the operator may be attached to the sprocket of the elevating chain 76.

ここで、第１栽培台２１を水平移動させる際に、第１培地３１０の上にある第１灌水管４１が水平移動に干渉することがある。具体的には、第１灌水管４１の上に植物６０の根や葉がある場合には、そのまま第１栽培台２１を水平移動させようとすると根や葉、第１培地３１０などが第１灌水管４１に引っ掛かることで植物６０を痛めたり、植物６０や第１ポット３１を転倒させたりする可能性がある。なお、第２栽培台２２に対する第２灌水管４２についても第１栽培台２１の水平移動と同様の問題がある。 Here, when the first cultivation table 21 is moved horizontally, the first irrigation pipe 41 on the first medium 310 may interfere with the horizontal movement. Specifically, when there are roots and leaves of the plant 60 on the first irrigation pipe 41, if the first cultivation table 21 is to be moved horizontally as it is, the roots and leaves, the first medium 310 and the like will be the first. The plant 60 may be damaged by being caught in the irrigation pipe 41, or the plant 60 or the first pot 31 may be overturned. The second irrigation pipe 42 with respect to the second cultivation table 22 has the same problem as the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table 21.

移動機構５０は、第１灌水管４１を第１培地３１０の上の第１灌水位置ＳＰ１と第１退避位置ＡＰ１との間で移動させ、かつ、第２灌水管４２を第２培地３２０の上の第２灌水位置ＳＰ２と第２退避位置ＡＰ２との間で移動させる。移動機構５０は、特に図２及び図３を参照することでより理解しやすい。 The moving mechanism 50 moves the first irrigation pipe 41 between the first irrigation position SP1 and the first evacuation position AP1 on the first medium 310, and moves the second irrigation pipe 42 over the second medium 320. It is moved between the second irrigation position SP2 and the second evacuation position AP2. The moving mechanism 50 is easier to understand, especially with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

移動機構５０は、架台１４上に固定された支持体５１と、支持体５１に開口する第１ガイド孔５３及び２つの第２ガイド孔５８と、上下に移動する移動体５２と、移動体５２を移動させるアクチュエータ５６と、移動体５２と第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２とを連結する伝達体５４と、を有する。移動機構５０は、例えば金属製の部品で構成されるが、一部の部品例えば伝達体５４などは高剛性の合成樹脂製であってもよい。 The moving mechanism 50 includes a support 51 fixed on the gantry 14, a first guide hole 53 and two second guide holes 58 that open in the support 51, a moving body 52 that moves up and down, and a moving body 52. It has an actuator 56 for moving the moving body 52, and a transmitter 54 for connecting the moving body 52 with the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42. The moving mechanism 50 is composed of, for example, metal parts, but some parts such as the transmitter 54 may be made of high-rigidity synthetic resin.

支持体５１は、例えば金属製の板であり、Ｚ軸に沿った方向に延在する長孔の第１ガイド孔５３が形成される。第１ガイド孔５３は、移動体５２の幅よりわずかに大きな幅を有する貫通孔であり、移動体５２の両側面を案内して移動体５２の上下の移動を許容する。 The support 51 is, for example, a metal plate, and a first guide hole 53 having a long hole extending in a direction along the Z axis is formed. The first guide hole 53 is a through hole having a width slightly larger than the width of the moving body 52, and guides both side surfaces of the moving body 52 to allow the moving body 52 to move up and down.

アクチュエータ５６は、ガイドレール１４０と移動体５２との距離を可変にする駆動装置である。アクチュエータ５６としては、例えばエアシリンダや油圧シリンダなどの駆動装置を採用することができる。例えばエアシリンダのアクチュエータ５６は、２つ設けられ、ガイドレール１４０のそれぞれに固定される。アクチュエータ５６のピストンロッドの上端は移動体５２の両端下面に固定される。そして、アクチュエータ５６を駆動することにより、移動体５２を第１ガイド孔５３に沿って上下に移動させることができる。アクチュエータ５６を用いずに、作業者が手動で行ってもよい。 The actuator 56 is a drive device that changes the distance between the guide rail 140 and the moving body 52. As the actuator 56, for example, a drive device such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder can be adopted. For example, two actuators 56 of an air cylinder are provided and fixed to each of the guide rails 140. The upper ends of the piston rods of the actuator 56 are fixed to the lower surfaces of both ends of the moving body 52. Then, by driving the actuator 56, the moving body 52 can be moved up and down along the first guide hole 53. The operator may manually perform the operation without using the actuator 56.

第２ガイド孔５８は、正面から見て第１ガイド孔５３の左右に２つあり、略八の字に下方へ向かって広がる。正面から見て右側の第２ガイド孔５８は、第１灌水管４１を挿通し、第１灌水管４１の外周面を案内して、第１灌水位置ＳＰ１と第１退避位置ＡＰ１との間で第１灌水管４１が移動可能である。正面から見て左側の第２ガイド孔５８は、第２灌水管４２を挿通し、第２灌水管４２の外周面を案内して、第２灌水位置ＳＰ２と第２退避位置ＡＰ２との間で第２灌水管４２を移動可能である。 There are two second guide holes 58 on the left and right sides of the first guide hole 53 when viewed from the front, and they spread downward in a substantially eight-shaped shape. The second guide hole 58 on the right side when viewed from the front inserts the first irrigation pipe 41 and guides the outer peripheral surface of the first irrigation pipe 41 between the first irrigation position SP1 and the first evacuation position AP1. The first irrigation pipe 41 is movable. The second guide hole 58 on the left side when viewed from the front inserts the second irrigation pipe 42 and guides the outer peripheral surface of the second irrigation pipe 42 between the second irrigation position SP2 and the second evacuation position AP2. The second irrigation pipe 42 can be moved.

第２ガイド孔５８の形状は、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２の移動軌跡を決定するものであり、動作可能な範囲で適宜設定できる。第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２は、移動を円滑にするため、第２ガイド孔５８に案内されるカムフォロアを備えてもよい。 The shape of the second guide hole 58 determines the movement locus of the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42, and can be appropriately set within an operable range. The first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 may include a cam follower guided to the second guide hole 58 in order to facilitate movement.

伝達体５４は、移動体５２と第１灌水管４１とを連結する例えば棒状体であり、移動体５２の移動力を第１灌水管４１へ伝達する。また、伝達体５４は、移動体５２と第２灌水管４２とを連結し、移動体５２の移動力を第２灌水管４２へ伝達する。したがって、移動体５２が上昇すれば、伝達体５４により引っ張られた第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２が第２ガイド孔５８に沿って互いに近接しながら上昇移動する。逆に、移動体５２が下降すれば、伝達体５４により押し出された第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２が第２ガイド孔５８に沿って互いに離間しながら下降移動する。 The transmitter 54 is, for example, a rod-shaped body that connects the mobile body 52 and the first irrigation pipe 41, and transmits the moving force of the mobile body 52 to the first irrigation pipe 41. Further, the transmitter 54 connects the mobile body 52 and the second irrigation pipe 42, and transmits the moving force of the mobile body 52 to the second irrigation pipe 42. Therefore, when the moving body 52 rises, the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 pulled by the transmitter 54 move ascending along the second guide hole 58 while being close to each other. On the contrary, when the moving body 52 descends, the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 pushed out by the transmitter 54 move downward while being separated from each other along the second guide hole 58.

伝達体５４は、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２が柔軟なホースの場合には、自重により弛まないようにＹ軸に沿って間隔をあけて複数設け、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２の下面を保持する形態としてもよい。 When the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 are flexible hoses, a plurality of transmitters 54 are provided at intervals along the Y axis so as not to loosen due to their own weight. 2 The lower surface of the irrigation pipe 42 may be held.

第１退避位置ＡＰ１は、第１栽培台２１と第２栽培台２２との間にあって、第１栽培台２１の水平移動に対して第１灌水管４１が干渉しない位置である。第２退避位置ＡＰ２は、第１栽培台２１と第２栽培台２２との間にあって、第２栽培台２２の水平移動に対して第２灌水管４２が干渉しない位置である。ここで「干渉しない」とは、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２が植物６０の一部に全く触れない程度に干渉しないことが好ましいが、必ずしもそのような状態でなくてもよく、第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２の水平移動により第１ポット３１及び第２ポット３２（植物６０が植えられた容器）が転倒しない程度に干渉しないことを意味する。 The first evacuation position AP1 is a position between the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 so that the first irrigation pipe 41 does not interfere with the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table 21. The second evacuation position AP2 is a position between the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 so that the second irrigation pipe 42 does not interfere with the horizontal movement of the second cultivation table 22. Here, "does not interfere" means that the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 do not interfere with each other to the extent that they do not touch a part of the plant 60 at all, but it is not always necessary to be in such a state. This means that the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 does not interfere with the first pot 31 and the second pot 32 (the container in which the plant 60 is planted) to the extent that they do not tip over.

第１灌水管４１を第１退避位置ＡＰ１に、第２灌水管４２を第２退避位置ＡＰ２に移動させた後に、第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２を水平移動可能とすることにより、植物６０の根や葉と第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２との干渉を回避することができ、第１栽培台２１及び第２栽培台２２に対する作業性の向上に貢献する。 After moving the first irrigation pipe 41 to the first retreat position AP1 and the second irrigation pipe 42 to the second retreat position AP2, the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22 can be moved horizontally. It is possible to avoid interference between the roots and leaves of the plant 60 and the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42, which contributes to the improvement of workability with respect to the first cultivation table 21 and the second cultivation table 22.

第１退避位置ＡＰ１は、第１灌水位置ＳＰ１より高い位置にあることが好ましい。第２退避位置ＡＰ２は、第２灌水位置ＳＰ２より高い位置にあることが好ましい。第１退避位置ＡＰ１が第１灌水位置ＳＰ１より高い位置にあり、第２退避位置ＡＰ２が第２灌水位置ＳＰ２より高い位置にあることにより、植物６０や培地との干渉をより確実に回避することができる。そのため、移動機構５０は、退避移動の際には、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２を上方へ移動させつつ近接するように移動させることが好ましい。灌水管が培地の上面を引き摺らないようにするためである。 The first evacuation position AP1 is preferably located higher than the first irrigation position SP1. The second evacuation position AP2 is preferably located higher than the second irrigation position SP2. Since the first evacuation position AP1 is higher than the first irrigation position SP1 and the second evacuation position AP2 is higher than the second irrigation position SP2, interference with the plant 60 and the medium is more reliably avoided. Can be done. Therefore, it is preferable that the moving mechanism 50 moves the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 so as to be close to each other while moving upward during the evacuation movement. This is to prevent the irrigation tube from dragging the upper surface of the medium.

２．多段式栽培装置を利用した栽培方法
図１〜図３を用いて、多段式栽培装置１０を利用した栽培方法の一例について説明する。 2. Cultivation method using a multi-stage cultivation device An example of a cultivation method using the multi-stage cultivation device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

図１、図２の右側及び図３に示すように、第１灌水管４１が第１灌水位置ＳＰ１にあり、第２灌水管４２が第２灌水位置ＳＰ２にある状態では、第１培地３１０及び第２培地３２０に給水が行われる。 As shown on the right side of FIGS. 1 and 2 and in FIG. 3, when the first irrigation pipe 41 is in the first irrigation position SP1 and the second irrigation pipe 42 is in the second irrigation position SP2, the first medium 310 and Water is supplied to the second medium 320.

次に、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２からの給水を停止し、アクチュエータ５６を駆動する。アクチュエータ５６の駆動により移動体５２が図２の左側のように上昇し、第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２が互いに近接しながら上昇移動して、第１退避位置ＡＰ１及び第２退避位置ＡＰ２に至る。 Next, the water supply from the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 is stopped, and the actuator 56 is driven. By driving the actuator 56, the moving body 52 rises as shown on the left side of FIG. 2, and the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 move ascending while approaching each other, so that the first retreat position AP1 and the second retreat position AP1 and the second retreat position It leads to AP2.

第１灌水管４１及び第２灌水管４２が第１退避位置ＡＰ１及び第２退避位置ＡＰ２に移動すると、作業者が第１栽培台２１を第２栽培台２２から離れるように水平移動させて作業台７３上に載せる。第１灌水管４１が第１退避位置ＡＰ１にあるので、作業者が第１栽培台２１を水平移動させても第１ポット３１が転倒することがなく、作業を円滑に進めることができる。また、作業者は、水平移動させた第１栽培台２１及びその上の植物６０などに対してこの場所で作業してもよい。 When the first irrigation pipe 41 and the second irrigation pipe 42 move to the first evacuation position AP1 and the second evacuation position AP2, the worker horizontally moves the first cultivation table 21 away from the second cultivation table 22. Place it on the table 73. Since the first irrigation pipe 41 is located at the first evacuation position AP1, the first pot 31 does not tip over even if the worker horizontally moves the first cultivation table 21, and the work can proceed smoothly. In addition, the worker may work at this place with respect to the horizontally moved first cultivation table 21 and the plants 60 on the first cultivation table 21.

作業台７３上に第１栽培台２１が載置された後、作業者は、モータ７４を駆動して、昇降用チェーン７６を回転させる。昇降用チェーン７６に固定された作業台７３は、昇降用ガイドレール７８に案内されながら下降して作業位置Ｗ１に配置される。作業位置Ｗ１は、作業者にとって作業しやすい高さに設定されており、第１昇降機構７１及び第２昇降機構７２を用いることにより作業効率をさらに向上できる。 After the first cultivation table 21 is placed on the work table 73, the operator drives the motor 74 to rotate the elevating chain 76. The workbench 73 fixed to the elevating chain 76 descends while being guided by the elevating guide rail 78, and is arranged at the work position W1. The work position W1 is set to a height that makes it easy for the operator to work, and the work efficiency can be further improved by using the first elevating mechanism 71 and the second elevating mechanism 72.

作業が終了すると、作業者は、モータ７４を駆動して作業台７３を元のガイドレール１４０の高さまで上昇させ、その後、第１栽培台２１を第２栽培台２２側へ水平移動させる。そして、作業者は、再びモータ７４を駆動して作業台７３を上から２番目のガイドレール１４０の高さへ移動し、同様の作業を繰り返す。また、反対側では、別の作業者が第２昇降機構７２を用いて第２栽培台２２に対して第１栽培台２１と同様の作業を実行できる。 When the work is completed, the operator drives the motor 74 to raise the work table 73 to the height of the original guide rail 140, and then horizontally moves the first cultivation table 21 to the second cultivation table 22 side. Then, the operator drives the motor 74 again to move the workbench 73 to the height of the second guide rail 140 from the top, and repeats the same operation. Further, on the opposite side, another worker can perform the same work as that of the first cultivation table 21 on the second cultivation table 22 by using the second elevating mechanism 72.

本発明は、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、さらに種々の変形が可能である。例えば、本発明は、実施形態で説明した構成と実質的に同一の構成（例えば、機能、方法、及び結果が同一の構成、あるいは目的及び効果が同一の構成）を含む。また、本発明は、実施形態で説明した構成の本質的でない部分を置き換えた構成を含む。また、本発
明は、実施形態で説明した構成と同一の作用効果を奏する構成又は同一の目的を達成することができる構成を含む。また、本発明は、実施形態で説明した構成に公知技術を付加した構成を含む。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, the present invention includes substantially the same configurations as those described in the embodiments (eg, configurations with the same function, method, and result, or configurations with the same purpose and effect). The present invention also includes a configuration in which a non-essential part of the configuration described in the embodiment is replaced. The present invention also includes a configuration that exhibits the same effects as the configuration described in the embodiment or a configuration that can achieve the same object. Further, the present invention includes a configuration in which a known technique is added to the configuration described in the embodiment.

１０…多段式栽培装置、１２…照明、１４…架台、１４０…ガイドレール、１４２…支柱、２１…第１栽培台、２２…第２栽培台、３１…第１ポット、３１０…第１培地、３２…第２ポット、３２０…第２培地、４１…第１灌水管、４２…第２灌水管、５０…移動機構、５１…支持体、５２…移動体、５３…第１ガイド孔、５４…伝達体、５６…アクチュエータ、５８…第２ガイド孔、６０…植物、７１…第１昇降機構、７２…第２昇降機構、７３…作業台、７４…モータ、７５…スプロケット、７６…昇降用チェーン、７８…昇降用ガイドレール、ＡＰ１…第１退避位置、ＡＰ２…第２退避位置、ＳＰ１…第１灌水位置、ＳＰ２…第２灌水位置、Ｗ１…作業位置 10 ... Multi-stage cultivation device, 12 ... Lighting, 14 ... Stand, 140 ... Guide rail, 142 ... Support, 21 ... 1st cultivation table, 22 ... 2nd cultivation table, 31 ... 1st pot, 310 ... 1st medium, 32 ... 2nd pot, 320 ... 2nd medium, 41 ... 1st irrigation pipe, 42 ... 2nd irrigation pipe, 50 ... moving mechanism, 51 ... support, 52 ... moving body, 53 ... 1st guide hole, 54 ... Transmitter, 56 ... Actuator, 58 ... 2nd guide hole, 60 ... Plant, 71 ... 1st elevating mechanism, 72 ... 2nd elevating mechanism, 73 ... Worktable, 74 ... Motor, 75 ... Sprocket, 76 ... Elevating chain , 78 ... Lifting guide rail, AP1 ... 1st retracting position, AP2 ... 2nd retracting position, SP1 ... 1st irrigation position, SP2 ... 2nd irrigation position, W1 ... Working position

Claims (3)

架台と、
互いに同じ高さで前記架台に並列支持される第１栽培台及び第２栽培台と、
前記第１栽培台の第１培地に対して水を供給する第１灌水管と、
前記第２栽培台の第２培地に対して水を供給する第２灌水管と、
前記第１灌水管及び前記第２灌水管を移動させる移動機構と、
を備え、
前記第１栽培台は、前記第２栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動可能に前記架台に支持され、
前記第２栽培台は、前記第１栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動可能に前記架台に支持され、
前記第１栽培台と前記第２栽培台との間には、前記第１栽培台の水平移動に対して前記第１灌水管が干渉しない第１退避位置と、前記第２栽培台の水平移動に対して前記第２灌水管が干渉しない第２退避位置と、があり、
前記移動機構は、前記第１灌水管を前記第１培地の上の第１灌水位置と前記第１退避位置との間で移動させ、かつ、前記第２灌水管を前記第２培地の上の第２灌水位置と前記第２退避位置との間で移動させることを特徴とする、多段式栽培装置。 With the gantry
The first cultivation table and the second cultivation table, which are supported in parallel with the gantry at the same height as each other,
A first irrigation pipe that supplies water to the first medium of the first cultivation table, and
A second irrigation pipe that supplies water to the second medium of the second cultivation table, and
A moving mechanism for moving the first irrigation pipe and the second irrigation pipe,
With
The first cultivation table is supported by the frame so as to be horizontally movable in a direction away from the second cultivation table.
The second cultivation table is supported by the frame so as to be horizontally movable in a direction away from the first cultivation table.
Between the first cultivation table and the second cultivation table, a first evacuation position where the first irrigation pipe does not interfere with the horizontal movement of the first cultivation table and a horizontal movement of the second cultivation table. There is a second evacuation position where the second irrigation pipe does not interfere with the other.
The movement mechanism moves the first irrigation tube between the first irrigation position on the first medium and the first evacuation position, and moves the second irrigation tube on the second medium. A multi-stage cultivation device characterized in that it is moved between a second irrigation position and the second evacuation position. 請求項１において、
前記第１退避位置は、前記第１灌水位置より高い位置にあり、
前記第２退避位置は、前記第２灌水位置より高い位置にあることを特徴とする、多段式栽培装置。 In claim 1,
The first evacuation position is higher than the first irrigation position.
The multi-stage cultivation apparatus, wherein the second evacuation position is higher than the second irrigation position. 請求項１または請求項２において、
前記架台は、前記第２栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動した前記第１栽培台を昇降可能な第１昇降機構と、前記第１栽培台から離れる方向に水平移動した前記第２栽培台を昇降可能な第２昇降機構と、をさらに備えることを特徴とする、多段式栽培装置。 In claim 1 or 2,
The gantry raises and lowers the first elevating mechanism capable of raising and lowering the first cultivation table horizontally moved away from the second cultivation table, and the second cultivation table horizontally moved away from the first cultivation table. A multi-stage cultivation device characterized by further comprising a possible second elevating mechanism.
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CN114391355A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-04-26 徐州千润高效农业发展有限公司 Hot pepper cultivation integral type device of gathering
CN115553205A (en) * 2022-10-08 2023-01-03 安徽一鸣塑胶有限公司 Multifunctional indoor high-density planting frame based on soilless culture

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JP2018093734A (en) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-21 株式会社Ｆｕｊｉ Cultivation apparatus

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JP2018093734A (en) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-21 株式会社Ｆｕｊｉ Cultivation apparatus

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CN114391355A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-04-26 徐州千润高效农业发展有限公司 Hot pepper cultivation integral type device of gathering
CN114391355B (en) * 2022-01-07 2023-09-26 徐州千润高效农业发展有限公司 Pepper cultivation and harvesting integrated device
CN115553205A (en) * 2022-10-08 2023-01-03 安徽一鸣塑胶有限公司 Multifunctional indoor high-density planting frame based on soilless culture
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