JP2021034305A - Battery system - Google Patents
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- JP2021034305A JP2021034305A JP2019155800A JP2019155800A JP2021034305A JP 2021034305 A JP2021034305 A JP 2021034305A JP 2019155800 A JP2019155800 A JP 2019155800A JP 2019155800 A JP2019155800 A JP 2019155800A JP 2021034305 A JP2021034305 A JP 2021034305A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、移動体に搭載される二次電池に付与する加圧力を調整可能な電池システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a battery system in which the pressing force applied to a secondary battery mounted on a moving body can be adjusted.
一般に、二次電池は、矩形板状の正極電極と矩形板状の負極電極とが矩形板状の不織布製のセパレータを介して交互に複数積層されてなる電極組立体及び電解液を外装ケースによって密封した構成になっている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Generally, in a secondary battery, an electrode assembly and an electrolytic solution in which a rectangular plate-shaped positive electrode and a rectangular plate-shaped negative electrode are alternately laminated via a rectangular plate-shaped non-woven separator are provided by an outer case. It has a sealed structure (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
ところで、上述のような二次電池は、セパレータが脆弱な不織布製であるため、例えば電気自動車などの移動体に搭載すると、走行時の振動によってセパレータが各電極と擦れ合って破損するおそれがあるという問題がある。 By the way, since the above-mentioned secondary battery is made of a fragile non-woven fabric, when it is mounted on a moving body such as an electric vehicle, the separator may rub against each electrode and be damaged due to vibration during traveling. There is a problem.
本発明は、このような従来技術に存在する問題点に着目してなされた。その目的は、二次電池を構成する不織布製のセパレータの振動による破損を抑制できる電池システムを提供することにある。 The present invention has focused on such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a battery system capable of suppressing damage due to vibration of a non-woven fabric separator constituting a secondary battery.
以下、上記課題を解決するための手段及びその作用効果について記載する。
上記課題を解決する電池システムは、移動体に搭載される電池システムであって、正極と負極とが不織布製のセパレータを介して交互に複数積層されてなる電極積層体及び電解液が可撓性を有した外装部材によって包み込まれた二次電池と、前記二次電池に対して前記電極積層体の積層方向の加圧力を付与可能な加圧機構と、を備えることを要旨とする。
Hereinafter, means for solving the above problems and their actions and effects will be described.
The battery system that solves the above problems is a battery system mounted on a moving body, and the electrode laminate and the electrolytic solution in which a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are alternately laminated via a separator made of non-woven fabric are flexible. It is a gist to include a secondary battery wrapped by an exterior member having the above, and a pressurizing mechanism capable of applying a pressing force to the secondary battery in the stacking direction of the electrode laminate.
通常、移動体は、加速または減速するときに、振動する。移動体の振動は二次電池に伝わるので、二次電池を構成する正極、負極、及びセパレータも個別に振動する。これにより、正極及び負極に比べて脆弱な不織布製のセパレータは、正極及び負極とそれぞれ擦れ合うことで、破損するおそれがある。この点、この構成によれば、加圧機構によって二次電池に加圧力を付与すると、二次電池が拘束されるので、二次電池の振動が抑制される。したがって、二次電池を構成する不織布製のセパレータの振動による破損を抑制できる。 Normally, the moving body vibrates when accelerating or decelerating. Since the vibration of the moving body is transmitted to the secondary battery, the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator constituting the secondary battery also vibrate individually. As a result, the separator made of non-woven fabric, which is fragile compared to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, may be damaged by rubbing against the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively. In this respect, according to this configuration, when a pressing force is applied to the secondary battery by the pressurizing mechanism, the secondary battery is restrained, so that the vibration of the secondary battery is suppressed. Therefore, damage due to vibration of the non-woven fabric separator constituting the secondary battery can be suppressed.
以下、電池システムの一実施形態を図面に従って説明する。
図１に示すように、電池システム１１は、例えば電気自動車などの移動体１２に搭載され、複数の二次電池１３と、複数の電池冷却器１４と、複数の温度センサ１５と、複数の送風機１６と、加圧機構１７と、加速度取得部の一例としての加速度センサ１８と、電流センサ１９と、制御部２０とを備えている。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the battery system will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the battery system 11 is mounted on a moving body 12 such as an electric vehicle, and includes a plurality of secondary batteries 13, a plurality of battery coolers 14, a plurality of temperature sensors 15, and a plurality of blowers. It includes 16, a pressurizing mechanism 17, an acceleration sensor 18 as an example of an acceleration acquisition unit, a current sensor 19, and a control unit 20.
図２に示すように、二次電池１３は、例えばリチウムイオン電池などによって構成される。二次電池１３は、矩形板状をなす金属製の正極２１と矩形板状をなす金属製の負極２２とが矩形板状の不織布製のセパレータ２３を介して交互に複数積層されてなる電極積層体２４及び電解液が可撓性を有した外装部材２５によって包み込まれた構成になっており、略直方体状をなしている。外装部材２５は、例えばアルミラミネートフィルムによって構成される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the secondary battery 13 is composed of, for example, a lithium ion battery or the like. The secondary battery 13 is an electrode laminate in which a rectangular plate-shaped metal positive electrode 21 and a rectangular plate-shaped metal negative electrode 22 are alternately laminated via a rectangular plate-shaped non-woven separator 23. The body 24 and the electrolytic solution are wrapped by a flexible exterior member 25, and have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The exterior member 25 is made of, for example, an aluminum laminated film.
図１及び図２に示すように、複数の二次電池１３は、直方体状をなす中空のベース部材２６上に水平方向における一方向Ｘに並ぶように配置されている。この場合、一方向Ｘは、ベース部材２６の長手方向及び電極積層体２４の積層方向と一致している。複数の二次電池は、電極端子２７を有しており、バスバー（図示略）によって直列に接続されている。複数の二次電池には、複数の二次電池の総電流を検出する電流センサ１９が直列に接続されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plurality of secondary batteries 13 are arranged so as to be arranged in one direction X in the horizontal direction on a hollow base member 26 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In this case, the one-way X coincides with the longitudinal direction of the base member 26 and the stacking direction of the electrode laminate 24. The plurality of secondary batteries have electrode terminals 27 and are connected in series by bus bars (not shown). A current sensor 19 for detecting the total current of the plurality of secondary batteries is connected in series to the plurality of secondary batteries.
図１に示すように、各電池冷却器１４は、略直方体状をなしており、一方向Ｘに並んだ隣り合う二次電池１３同士の間に二次電池１３と接触するように配置されている。つまり、ベース部材２６上には、複数の二次電池１３と複数の電池冷却器１４とが最大限面接触するように一方向Ｘに交互に並んで配置されている。この場合、一方向Ｘの両端にはいずれも二次電池１３が配置されるため、電池冷却器１４の数は二次電池１３の数よりも一つ少なくなっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, each battery cooler 14 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is arranged between adjacent secondary batteries 13 arranged in one direction X so as to come into contact with the secondary battery 13. There is. That is, on the base member 26, the plurality of secondary batteries 13 and the plurality of battery coolers 14 are arranged alternately in one direction X so as to make maximum surface contact. In this case, since the secondary batteries 13 are arranged at both ends of the one-way X, the number of battery coolers 14 is one less than the number of the secondary batteries 13.
各電池冷却器１４は、冷却用の流体としての空気が流れる複数の流路２８を有している。複数の流路２８は、一方向Ｘ及び鉛直方向Ｚの両方と直交する幅方向Ｙに延びている。複数の流路２８は、互いに平行となるように鉛直方向Ｚに等間隔で並んで配置されている。各流路２８は、断面視で四角形状をなしている。各電池冷却器１４は、例えばアルミニウムなどの比較的熱伝導性の高い材料によって構成される。 Each battery cooler 14 has a plurality of flow paths 28 through which air as a cooling fluid flows. The plurality of flow paths 28 extend in the width direction Y orthogonal to both the one-way X and the vertical direction Z. The plurality of flow paths 28 are arranged side by side at equal intervals in the vertical direction Z so as to be parallel to each other. Each flow path 28 has a rectangular shape in cross-sectional view. Each battery cooler 14 is made of a material having relatively high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum.
ベース部材２６上における一方向Ｘの両端に位置する２つの二次電池１３の外側には、一対のＬ字板状の挟持部材２９が、これら２つの二次電池１３とそれぞれ面接触するように配置されている。すなわち、一対の挟持部材２９は、複数の二次電池１３及び複数の電池冷却器１４を一方向Ｘにおいて両側から纏めて挟むように配置されている。一対の挟持部材２９のうちの一方はベース部材２６上にボルト３０で固定された固定挟持部材３１とされ、他方はベース部材２６上において一方向Ｘに往復移動可能に設けられた可動挟持部材３２とされている。 A pair of L-shaped plate-shaped sandwiching members 29 are in surface contact with the two secondary batteries 13 on the outside of the two secondary batteries 13 located at both ends of the unidirectional X on the base member 26. Have been placed. That is, the pair of holding members 29 are arranged so as to sandwich the plurality of secondary batteries 13 and the plurality of battery coolers 14 together in one direction X from both sides. One of the pair of holding members 29 is a fixed holding member 31 fixed on the base member 26 with bolts 30, and the other is a movable holding member 32 provided on the base member 26 so as to be reciprocally movable in one direction X. It is said that.
ベース部材２６内における可動挟持部材３２の下側には、可動挟持部材３２を一方向Ｘに往復移動可能なアクチュエータ３３が設けられている。アクチュエータ３３は、一方向Ｘに延びるボールねじ軸３４と、ボールねじ軸３４に螺合した状態で可動挟持部材３２に連結されたナット３５と、ボールねじ軸３４を正逆両方向に回転駆動可能なモータ３６とを備えている。 An actuator 33 capable of reciprocating the movable holding member 32 in one direction X is provided below the movable holding member 32 in the base member 26. The actuator 33 can rotationally drive the ball screw shaft 34 extending in one direction X, the nut 35 connected to the movable holding member 32 in a state of being screwed to the ball screw shaft 34, and the ball screw shaft 34 in both forward and reverse directions. It includes a motor 36.
したがって、モータ３６によってボールねじ軸３４を正方向に回転駆動したり逆方向に回転駆動したりすることで、可動挟持部材３２が一方向Ｘにおいて固定挟持部材３１に対して近づいたり離れたりするように移動する。そして、モータ３６によってボールねじ軸３４を正方向に回転駆動することによって可動挟持部材３２を一方向Ｘにおいて固定挟持部材３１に対して近づくように移動させた場合には、一対の挟持部材２９によって複数の電池冷却器１４及び複数の二次電池１３に対して一方向Ｘにおける加圧力が付与される。 Therefore, by rotationally driving the ball screw shaft 34 in the forward direction or in the reverse direction by the motor 36, the movable sandwiching member 32 approaches or separates from the fixed sandwiching member 31 in one direction X. Move to. Then, when the movable holding member 32 is moved so as to approach the fixed holding member 31 in one direction X by rotationally driving the ball screw shaft 34 in the forward direction by the motor 36, the pair of holding members 29 A pressing force in one direction X is applied to the plurality of battery coolers 14 and the plurality of secondary batteries 13.
なお、本実施形態では、アクチュエータ３３及び一対の挟持部材２９により、二次電池１３に対して一方向Ｘの加圧力を付与可能な加圧機構１７が構成されている。
複数の送風機１６は、幅方向Ｙにおいて複数の電池冷却器１４の流路２８と対向するように、一方向Ｘに等間隔で並ぶように配置されている。複数の送風機１６は、その駆動により、複数の電池冷却器１４の流路２８及び複数の二次電池１３に対して冷却用の空気を供給する。
In the present embodiment, the actuator 33 and the pair of holding members 29 constitute a pressurizing mechanism 17 capable of applying a pressing force in one direction X to the secondary battery 13.
The plurality of blowers 16 are arranged so as to be arranged at equal intervals in one direction X so as to face the flow paths 28 of the plurality of battery coolers 14 in the width direction Y. By driving the plurality of blowers 16, cooling air is supplied to the flow paths 28 of the plurality of battery coolers 14 and the plurality of secondary batteries 13.
制御部２０は、電池システム１１を統括的に制御する。複数の二次電池１３には、複数の二次電池１３の温度を検出する温度センサ１５がそれぞれ取り付けられている。制御部２０は、複数の送風機１６、複数の温度センサ１５、移動体１２が移動するときの加速度を検出する加速度センサ１８、電流センサ１９、及びモータ３６とそれぞれ電気的に接続されている。制御部２０は、複数の温度センサ１５によってそれぞれ検出された複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値に基づいて、複数の送風機１６の駆動を制御する。 The control unit 20 comprehensively controls the battery system 11. A temperature sensor 15 for detecting the temperature of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 is attached to each of the plurality of secondary batteries 13. The control unit 20 is electrically connected to a plurality of blowers 16, a plurality of temperature sensors 15, an acceleration sensor 18 for detecting the acceleration when the moving body 12 moves, a current sensor 19, and a motor 36, respectively. The control unit 20 controls the drive of the plurality of blowers 16 based on the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 15.
制御部２０は、電流センサ１９によって検出された複数の二次電池１３の総電流値を積算することによって二次電池１３の充電率を算出する。制御部２０は、二次電池１３の充電率、複数の温度センサ１５によってそれぞれ検出された複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値、及び加速度センサ１８によって検出された移動体１２の加速度に基づいて、加圧機構１７を構成するモータ３６の駆動を制御する。 The control unit 20 calculates the charge rate of the secondary battery 13 by integrating the total current values of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 detected by the current sensor 19. The control unit 20 is based on the charge rate of the secondary battery 13, the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 15, and the acceleration of the moving body 12 detected by the acceleration sensor 18. The drive of the motor 36 constituting the pressurizing mechanism 17 is controlled.
制御部２０には、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力を、各二次電池１３のセパレータ２３が目詰まりすることなくセパレータ２３の振動を抑制できる程度に調節するためのデータが記憶されている。このデータは、移動体１２の加速度、二次電池１３の充電率、及び複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値に基づいて加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与する加圧力を決定するためのデータであり、予め実験やシミュレーションによって求められる。 The control unit 20 adjusts the pressing force applied to each of the secondary batteries 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17 to such an extent that the separator 23 of each secondary battery 13 can suppress the vibration of the separator 23 without clogging. Data is stored. This data determines the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the acceleration of the moving body 12, the charge rate of the secondary battery 13, and the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13. It is the data to be obtained by experiments and simulations in advance.
この場合、各二次電池１３に付与する加圧力は、移動体１２の加速度が大きくなるほど大きくなり、二次電池１３の充電率が高いほど小さくなり、複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値が高いほど小さくなるように設定されている。さらに、制御部２０には、各二次電池１３を効率よく使用する上での各二次電池１３の適切な温度範囲である所定温度範囲Ｔが記憶されている。 In this case, the pressing force applied to each of the secondary batteries 13 increases as the acceleration of the moving body 12 increases, decreases as the charge rate of the secondary batteries 13 increases, and is the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13. Is set to be smaller as the value is higher. Further, the control unit 20 stores a predetermined temperature range T, which is an appropriate temperature range of each secondary battery 13 for efficient use of each secondary battery 13.
次に、電池システム１１を移動体１２の動力源として用いた場合の作用について説明する。
電池システム１１は、移動体１２が停止している状態では、加圧機構１７を構成する一対の挟持部材２９により各二次電池１３に対して一方向Ｘにおける加圧力が付与されていない。そして、移動体１２は移動し始めて加速すると振動し、この振動は移動体１２の加速度が大きくなるにつれて大きくなる。このとき、電池システム１１では、モータ３６の駆動により、移動体１２の加速度に応じた加圧力が一対の挟持部材２９によって各二次電池１３に付与される。
Next, the operation when the battery system 11 is used as the power source of the moving body 12 will be described.
In the battery system 11, when the moving body 12 is stopped, a pressing force in one direction X is not applied to each secondary battery 13 by a pair of holding members 29 constituting the pressurizing mechanism 17. Then, when the moving body 12 starts to move and accelerates, it vibrates, and this vibration increases as the acceleration of the moving body 12 increases. At this time, in the battery system 11, by driving the motor 36, a pressing force corresponding to the acceleration of the moving body 12 is applied to each secondary battery 13 by the pair of holding members 29.
さらにこのとき、各二次電池１３は温度変化及び充電率の変化によって膨張率が変化するが、一対の挟持部材２９によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力は各二次電池１３の温度変化及び充電率の変化に基づく膨張率の変化も考慮されている。このため、各二次電池１３が一対の挟持部材２９によって適切に加圧されるので、各二次電池１３のセパレータ２３が適切に拘束される。 Further, at this time, the expansion coefficient of each secondary battery 13 changes according to the temperature change and the charge rate change, but the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 by the pair of sandwiching members 29 is the temperature of each secondary battery 13. Changes in expansion rate based on changes and changes in charge rate are also taken into account. Therefore, since each secondary battery 13 is appropriately pressurized by the pair of holding members 29, the separator 23 of each secondary battery 13 is appropriately restrained.
すなわち、セパレータ２３が目詰まりすることなくセパレータ２３の振動が抑制される程度に各二次電池１３が一対の挟持部材２９によって加圧される。このため、各二次電池１３のセパレータ２３の陽イオンの透過率の低下が抑制されつつ、各二次電池１３のセパレータ２３の正極２１及び負極２２とのそれぞれの擦れ合いが抑制される。したがって、電池システム１１では、各二次電池１３の性能の低下が抑制されつつ、各二次電池１３を構成する不織布製のセパレータ２３の振動による破損が抑制される。 That is, each secondary battery 13 is pressurized by the pair of holding members 29 to the extent that the vibration of the separator 23 is suppressed without clogging the separator 23. Therefore, while the decrease in the cation transmittance of the separator 23 of each secondary battery 13 is suppressed, the rubbing of the separator 23 of each secondary battery 13 with the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 is suppressed. Therefore, in the battery system 11, the deterioration of the performance of each secondary battery 13 is suppressed, and the damage caused by the vibration of the non-woven fabric separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13 is suppressed.
また、電池システム１１では、移動体１２の移動に伴って複数の二次電池１３が使用されると、複数の二次電池１３の平均温度が上昇する。そして、複数の二次電池１３の平均温度が所定温度範囲Ｔの上限になると、各送風機１６が駆動されて各電池冷却器１４の流路２８及び各二次電池１３に対して冷却用の空気が供給される。 Further, in the battery system 11, when a plurality of secondary batteries 13 are used as the moving body 12 moves, the average temperature of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 rises. When the average temperature of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 reaches the upper limit of the predetermined temperature range T, each blower 16 is driven to cool air for the flow path 28 of each battery cooler 14 and each secondary battery 13. Is supplied.
すると、各電池冷却器１４によって二次電池１３から奪われた熱が流路２８を流れる空気によって持ち去られるので、各二次電池１３が電池冷却器１４によって効率的に冷却される。そして、各二次電池１３が冷却されて複数の二次電池１３の平均温度が所定温度範囲Ｔの下限になると、各送風機１６が停止される。すると、複数の二次電池１３の平均温度が再び上昇する。このようにして、複数の二次電池１３の平均温度が所定温度範囲Ｔに保たれる。 Then, the heat taken from the secondary battery 13 by each battery cooler 14 is taken away by the air flowing through the flow path 28, so that each secondary battery 13 is efficiently cooled by the battery cooler 14. Then, when each of the secondary batteries 13 is cooled and the average temperature of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 reaches the lower limit of the predetermined temperature range T, each of the blowers 16 is stopped. Then, the average temperature of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 rises again. In this way, the average temperature of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 is maintained in the predetermined temperature range T.
以上詳述した実施形態によれば、次のような効果が発揮される。
（１）電池システム１１は、各二次電池１３に対して一方向Ｘの加圧力を付与可能な加圧機構１７を備えている。通常、移動体１２は、加速または減速するときに、振動する。移動体１２の振動は各二次電池１３に伝わるので、各二次電池１３を構成する正極２１、負極２２、及びセパレータ２３も個別に振動する。これにより、正極２１及び負極２２に比べて脆弱な不織布製のセパレータ２３は、正極２１及び負極２２とそれぞれ擦れ合うことで、破損するおそれがある。この点、本実施形態の電池システム１１では、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に加圧力を付与することで、各二次電池１３を拘束できるので、各二次電池１３の振動を抑制できる。したがって、各二次電池１３を構成する不織布製のセパレータ２３の振動による破損を抑制できる。
According to the embodiment described in detail above, the following effects are exhibited.
(1) The battery system 11 includes a pressurizing mechanism 17 capable of applying a pressing force in one direction X to each secondary battery 13. Normally, the moving body 12 vibrates when accelerating or decelerating. Since the vibration of the moving body 12 is transmitted to each secondary battery 13, the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13 also vibrate individually. As a result, the separator 23 made of non-woven fabric, which is fragile compared to the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, may be damaged by rubbing against the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, respectively. In this respect, in the battery system 11 of the present embodiment, each secondary battery 13 can be restrained by applying a pressing force to each secondary battery 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17, so that vibration of each secondary battery 13 is suppressed. it can. Therefore, damage to the non-woven fabric separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13 due to vibration can be suppressed.
（２）電池システム１１において、制御部２０は、加速度センサ１８によって検出された移動体１２の加速度に基づいて加圧機構１７の駆動を制御する。通常、移動体１２は加速または減速するときに振動し、この振動は移動体１２の加速度が大きくなるにつれて大きくなる。移動体１２の振動は各二次電池１３に伝わるので、各二次電池１３を構成する正極２１、負極２２、及びセパレータ２３も個別に振動する。これにより、正極２１及び負極２２に比べて脆弱な不織布製のセパレータ２３は、正極２１及び負極２２とそれぞれ擦れ合うことで、破損するおそれがある。このため、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に加圧力を付与して各二次電池１３を拘束すれば、各二次電池１３の振動を抑制できるので、セパレータ２３の振動による破損を抑制できる。しかし、各二次電池１３に付与する加圧力が大きすぎると、脆弱な不織布製のセパレータ２３は目詰まりを起こす。この結果、陽イオンがセパレータ２３を透過し難くなり、各二次電池１３の性能が低下してしまう。この点、本実施形態の電池システム１１では、移動体１２が移動するときの加速度に基づいて加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力が制御される。すなわち、移動体１２の加速度に応じて、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力を、セパレータ２３が目詰まりすることなくセパレータ２３の振動を抑制できる程度に調節している。このため、各二次電池１３の性能の低下を抑制しつつ、各二次電池１３を構成する不織布製のセパレータ２３の振動による破損を抑制できる。 (2) In the battery system 11, the control unit 20 controls the drive of the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the acceleration of the moving body 12 detected by the acceleration sensor 18. Normally, the moving body 12 vibrates when accelerating or decelerating, and this vibration increases as the acceleration of the moving body 12 increases. Since the vibration of the moving body 12 is transmitted to each secondary battery 13, the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13 also vibrate individually. As a result, the separator 23 made of non-woven fabric, which is fragile compared to the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, may be damaged by rubbing against the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, respectively. Therefore, if the pressurizing mechanism 17 applies a pressing force to each of the secondary batteries 13 to restrain each of the secondary batteries 13, the vibration of each of the secondary batteries 13 can be suppressed, so that damage due to the vibration of the separator 23 is suppressed. it can. However, if the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 is too large, the fragile non-woven fabric separator 23 will be clogged. As a result, it becomes difficult for cations to pass through the separator 23, and the performance of each secondary battery 13 deteriorates. In this respect, in the battery system 11 of the present embodiment, the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 is controlled by the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the acceleration when the moving body 12 moves. That is, according to the acceleration of the moving body 12, the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17 is adjusted to such an extent that the vibration of the separator 23 can be suppressed without clogging the separator 23. .. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance of each secondary battery 13 and to suppress the damage caused by the vibration of the non-woven fabric separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13.
（３）電池システム１１において、制御部２０は、複数の温度センサ１５によってそれぞれ検出された複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値に基づいて加圧機構１７の駆動を制御する。通常、各二次電池１３は、温度に応じて膨張及び収縮する。このため、各二次電池１３の温度が変化すると、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力も変化してしまう。この点、本実施形態の電池システム１１では、複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値に基づいて加圧機構１７によって複数の二次電池１３に付与される加圧力が制御される。すなわち、複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値に応じて、加圧機構１７によって複数の二次電池１３に付与される加圧力を、セパレータ２３が目詰まりすることなくセパレータ２３の振動を抑制できる程度に調節している。このため、各二次電池１３の性能の低下を抑制しつつ、各二次電池１３を構成する不織布製のセパレータ２３の振動による破損を効果的に抑制できる。 (3) In the battery system 11, the control unit 20 controls the drive of the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 15. Normally, each secondary battery 13 expands and contracts depending on the temperature. Therefore, when the temperature of each secondary battery 13 changes, the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17 also changes. In this respect, in the battery system 11 of the present embodiment, the pressing force applied to the plurality of secondary batteries 13 is controlled by the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13. That is, the pressing force applied to the plurality of secondary batteries 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17 according to the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 is suppressed from the vibration of the separator 23 without clogging the separator 23. It is adjusted to the extent possible. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the damage caused by the vibration of the non-woven fabric separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13 while suppressing the deterioration of the performance of each secondary battery 13.
（４）電池システム１１において、制御部２０は、各二次電池１３の充電率に基づいて加圧機構１７の駆動を制御する。通常、各二次電池１３は、充電率に応じて膨張及び収縮する。このため、各二次電池１３の充電率が変化すると、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池に付与される加圧力も変化してしまう。この点、本実施形態の電池システム１１では、各二次電池１３の充電率に基づいて加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力が制御される。すなわち、各二次電池１３の充電率に応じて、加圧機構１７によって各二次電池１３に付与される加圧力を、セパレータ２３が目詰まりすることなくセパレータ２３の振動を抑制できる程度に調節している。このため、各二次電池１３の性能の低下を抑制しつつ、各二次電池１３を構成する不織布製のセパレータ２３の振動による破損をより一層効果的に抑制できる。 (4) In the battery system 11, the control unit 20 controls the drive of the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the charge rate of each secondary battery 13. Normally, each secondary battery 13 expands and contracts according to the charge rate. Therefore, when the charge rate of each secondary battery 13 changes, the pressing force applied to each secondary battery by the pressurizing mechanism 17 also changes. In this respect, in the battery system 11 of the present embodiment, the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 is controlled by the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the charge rate of each secondary battery 13. That is, according to the charge rate of each secondary battery 13, the pressing force applied to each secondary battery 13 by the pressurizing mechanism 17 is adjusted to such an extent that the vibration of the separator 23 can be suppressed without clogging the separator 23. doing. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively suppress the damage caused by the vibration of the non-woven fabric separator 23 constituting each secondary battery 13 while suppressing the deterioration of the performance of each secondary battery 13.
（５）電池システム１１において、一方向Ｘで隣り合う二次電池１３同士の間には、冷却用の空気が流れる流路２８を有した電池冷却器１４が各二次電池１３と接触するように配置されている。この構成によれば、各電池冷却器１４の流路２８に送風機１６によって冷却用の空気を流すことで、各電池冷却器１４と接触する二次電池１３を効果的に冷却することができる。 (5) In the battery system 11, a battery cooler 14 having a flow path 28 through which cooling air flows between adjacent secondary batteries 13 in one direction X comes into contact with each secondary battery 13. Is located in. According to this configuration, the secondary battery 13 in contact with each battery cooler 14 can be effectively cooled by flowing cooling air through the flow path 28 of each battery cooler 14 by the blower 16.
（変更例）
上記実施形態は、以下のように変更して実施することができる。また、上記実施形態及び以下の変更例は、技術的に矛盾しない範囲で互いに組み合わせて実施することができる。
(Change example)
The above embodiment can be modified and implemented as follows. Further, the above-described embodiment and the following modified examples can be implemented in combination with each other within a technically consistent range.
・電池冷却器１４は省略してもよい。
・複数の二次電池１３と複数の電池冷却器１４とは、一方向Ｘにおいて必ずしも交互に配置する必要はない。例えば、複数の二次電池１３に対して二つおきに電池冷却器１４を一つ配置するようにしてもよいし、複数の二次電池１３に対して三つおきに電池冷却器１４を一つ配置するようにしてもよい。
-The battery cooler 14 may be omitted.
-The plurality of secondary batteries 13 and the plurality of battery coolers 14 do not necessarily have to be arranged alternately in one direction X. For example, one battery cooler 14 may be arranged every two secondary batteries 13 or every other battery cooler 14 may be arranged every three secondary batteries 13. You may arrange one.
・制御部２０は、必ずしも各二次電池１３の充電率に基づいて加圧機構１７の駆動を制御する必要はない。
・制御部２０は、必ずしも複数の温度センサ１５によってそれぞれ検出された複数の二次電池１３の温度の平均値に基づいて加圧機構１７の駆動を制御する必要はない。
The control unit 20 does not necessarily have to control the drive of the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the charge rate of each secondary battery 13.
The control unit 20 does not necessarily have to control the drive of the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the average value of the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 13 detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 15.
・制御部２０は、必ずしも加速度センサ１８によって検出された移動体１２の加速度に基づいて加圧機構１７の駆動を制御する必要はない。
・加速度センサ１８を省略し、移動体１２の加速度を移動体１２に搭載されたスピードメータの速度と時間とに基づいて制御部２０が算出するようにしてもよい。この場合、加速度取得部は、制御部２０によって構成される。
The control unit 20 does not necessarily have to control the drive of the pressurizing mechanism 17 based on the acceleration of the moving body 12 detected by the acceleration sensor 18.
-The acceleration sensor 18 may be omitted, and the acceleration of the moving body 12 may be calculated by the control unit 20 based on the speed and time of the speedometer mounted on the moving body 12. In this case, the acceleration acquisition unit is composed of the control unit 20.
・二次電池１３は、１つであってもよい。
・冷却用の流体は、空気以外の気体であってもよいし、液体であってもよいし、気体と液体の混合物であってもよい。冷却用の流体として液体を用いる場合には、例えばフッ素系不活性液体であるフロリナート（登録商標）などの電気絶縁性を有する液体を採用することが好ましい。
-The number of secondary batteries 13 may be one.
-The cooling fluid may be a gas other than air, a liquid, or a mixture of a gas and a liquid. When a liquid is used as the cooling fluid, it is preferable to use a liquid having electrical insulation such as Fluorinert (registered trademark), which is a fluorine-based inert liquid.
・移動体１２は、自動車に限らず、自転車、オートバイ、船舶、飛行機、ヘリコプタ、ドローン（無人航空機）などであってもよい。 -The moving body 12 is not limited to an automobile, but may be a bicycle, a motorcycle, a ship, an airplane, a helicopter, a drone (unmanned aerial vehicle), or the like.
１１…電池システム、１２…移動体、１３…二次電池、１４…電池冷却器、１５…温度センサ、１７…加圧機構、１８…加速度取得部の一例としての加速度センサ、１９…電流センサ、２０…制御部、２１…正極、２２…負極、２３…セパレータ、２４…電極積層体、２５…外装部材、２８…流路、Ｘ…一方向（積層方向）。 11 ... Battery system, 12 ... Mobile body, 13 ... Secondary battery, 14 ... Battery cooler, 15 ... Temperature sensor, 17 ... Pressurization mechanism, 18 ... Acceleration sensor as an example of acceleration acquisition unit, 19 ... Current sensor, 20 ... Control unit, 21 ... Positive electrode, 22 ... Negative electrode, 23 ... Separator, 24 ... Electrode laminate, 25 ... Exterior member, 28 ... Flow path, X ... One direction (stacking direction).
Claims (5)
正極と負極とが不織布製のセパレータを介して交互に複数積層されてなる電極積層体及び電解液が可撓性を有した外装部材によって包み込まれた二次電池と、
前記二次電池に対して前記電極積層体の積層方向の加圧力を付与可能な加圧機構と、
を備えることを特徴とする電池システム。 It is a battery system mounted on a mobile body.
An electrode laminate in which a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are alternately laminated via a separator made of non-woven fabric, and a secondary battery in which an electrolytic solution is wrapped by a flexible exterior member.
A pressurizing mechanism capable of applying a pressing force in the stacking direction of the electrode laminate to the secondary battery,
A battery system characterized by being equipped with.
前記加圧機構の駆動を制御する制御部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、前記加速度取得部によって取得された前記加速度に基づいて前記加圧機構の駆動を制御することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電池システム。 An acceleration acquisition unit that acquires the acceleration when the moving body moves, and
A control unit that controls the drive of the pressurizing mechanism and
With
The battery system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls driving of the pressurizing mechanism based on the acceleration acquired by the acceleration acquisition unit.
前記制御部は、前記温度センサによって検出された前記温度に基づいて前記加圧機構の駆動を制御することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の電池システム。 A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the secondary battery is provided.
The battery system according to claim 2, wherein the control unit controls driving of the pressurizing mechanism based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.
前記制御部は、前記電流センサによって検出された電流値を積算することによって前記二次電池の充電率を算出し、前記充電率に基づいて前記加圧機構の駆動を制御することを特徴とする請求項２または請求項３に記載の電池システム。 A current sensor for detecting the current of the secondary battery is provided.
The control unit calculates the charge rate of the secondary battery by integrating the current values detected by the current sensor, and controls the drive of the pressurizing mechanism based on the charge rate. The battery system according to claim 2 or 3.
隣り合う前記二次電池同士の間には、冷却用の流体が流れる流路を有した電池冷却器が前記二次電池と接触するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項４のうちいずれか一項に記載の電池システム。 A plurality of the secondary batteries are arranged so as to be arranged in the stacking direction.
Claims 1 to claim that a battery cooler having a flow path through which a cooling fluid flows is arranged between adjacent secondary batteries so as to be in contact with the secondary batteries. Item 2. The battery system according to any one of item 4.
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