JP2020524517A - アルカリ処理肉エマルジョンからのタンパク質生成及び方法 - Google Patents
アルカリ処理肉エマルジョンからのタンパク質生成及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium lactate Chemical compound [K+].CC(O)C([O-])=O PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/02—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from meat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B4/033—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution with addition of chemicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B4/037—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication, lyophilisation; Apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/04—Animal proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/42—Additives other than enzymes or microorganisms in meat products or meat meals
- A23L13/428—Addition of flavours, spices, colours, amino acids or their salts, peptides, vitamins, yeast extract or autolysate, nucleic acid or derivatives, organic acidifying agents or their salts or acidogens, sweeteners, e.g. sugars or sugar alcohols; Addition of alcohol-containing products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/50—Poultry products, e.g. poultry sausages
- A23L13/52—Comminuted, emulsified or processed products; Pastes; Reformed or compressed products from poultry meat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/60—Comminuted or emulsified meat products, e.g. sausages; Reformed meat from comminuted meat product
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
エマルジョン容量
Cuisinart HandyPrep DFP−3フードプロセッサー、30gの試料、及び赤く染められた大豆油を使用して、エマルジョン試験を実施した。乾燥させていない対照試料を用いて実施した試験では、30gをボウルに秤量して入れ、以下のように方法を進めた。乾燥試料の場合、水中1重量%タンパク質の標準試験溶液を調製し、次いで、その溶液30gを秤量し、試験の実施に使用した。30gの試料をフードプロセッサボウルに秤量した後、ミキサーを起動し、オイルを連続的に追加した。試料のリボン形成または可視的な薄層化によって検出可能な、エマルジョンが壊れた場合、プロセッサを停止した。エマルジョン容量は、式1を使用して決定した。
未乾燥対照及び乾燥の鶏肉及び牛肉の試料の発泡能力を、以下の発泡能力及び安定性試験を使用して試験した。その試験は、対照と乾燥試料の両方で実行した。乾燥した試料については、水中に1重量%のタンパク質を含む標準試験溶液を調製し、試験に使用した。30mlの試料を、1000mlビーカーに注いだ。ハンドミキサー(Sunbeam Mixmaster−FPSBHM1503)を使用して、ビーカーを45度の角度に保持しながら、試料を設定4(タコメーターで800rpmを読み取る)で2分間叩いた。2分後、ビーカーの内容物全体を、100mlメスシリンダーに注ぎ、プラスチックのスパチュラを使用して完全に移した。液体及び泡のレベルは、時間0及び30分経過後に記録した。泡容量(foam capacity)及び安定性は、それぞれ式2及び式3を使用して計算した。
対照及び乾燥鶏肉及び牛肉の試料のゲル化能力は、ゲル硬度を試験することにより評価した。ゲル化能力は、食感及び構造を構築し、口当たりを改善するために、多くの食物系に不可欠である。25gの対照試料を50mlの遠心管に秤量して取り、85℃で30分間加熱した。乾燥試料の場合、水中7重量%タンパク質という標準試験溶液を調製し、その溶液25gを50ml遠心分離管に秤量して入れ、次いで、85℃で30分間加熱した。その後、全ての試料を冷蔵庫で一晩冷却し、室温でTexture Analyzer(TA HD plus)を使用して試験した。使用したプローブは、45°のチゼルエッジのナイフ(TA 42)であった。試験前の速度は5mm/s、試験速度は1mm/s、試験後の速度は3mm/s、距離は10mm、トリガー力は5gであった。データは、「Hard and Sticky」マクロを使用して分析した。
粘度を比較することを可能にするために、乾燥していない対照の鶏肉及び牛肉の試料をレオメーター(Anton Paar−MCR 502)で分析した。粘度は、さまざまな食品の食感及び口当たりを評価する際のゲル化能力に加えて、別の重要なパラメータである。乾燥試料の場合、水に3重量%のタンパク質を含む標準試験溶液を調製する。試料は、カップとボブのジオメトリ(CC27−78234−3208)を使用して実行する。その試料を7℃で15秒の平衡化ステップで実行し、その後、回転を0.01−1000 1/sから増大させ、さまざまな時間間隔で31ポイントのデータを収集する(最初は40秒、最後は10秒)。牛肉の対照及び酸処理試料は、試験プロセスの間に微粒子を発生させる。この現象がデータで生成するノイズの量を減らすために、試料を細いワイヤーメッシュ(1.18mmの開口部)に通して、すでに存在する微粒子を取り除く。
乾燥試料については、水中1重量%のタンパク質という標準試験溶液を調製し、3種類のハイドロコロイド(k−カラギーナン(Satiagel ME4 SB)、イオタ−カラギーナン(Satiagel SI A)、及びグアーガム(SAP 18785))を、混合物が均質になるまで、室温でこの溶液と異なる比率で混合した(ハイドロコロイド濃度は、0、0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08、0.10%w/wである)。異なる濃度のハイドロコロイド(約10g)を含む調製済み混合物を、15mlの遠心分離管に入れ、ハイドロコロイドの完全な水和を確保するために4℃で一晩保持した。次に、それらをEppendorf 5702臨床遠心分離機を使用して、室温で3,000rpm(1409g)で15分間遠心分離した。相分離が、視覚的に検出された。一態様では、上記の組成比のいずれにおいてもK−カラギーナンハイドロコロイド分離は観察されない。一態様では、上記の組成比のいずれにおいてもイオタ−カラギーナンハイドロコロイド分離は観察されない。一態様において、上記の組成比のいずれにおいてもグアーガムハイドロコロイド分離は観察されない。
牛肉試料のUSDA Choiceまたはそれ以上のグレードでは、剥き出された牛の骨なしの内モモ肉の筋肉を使用した。鶏肉の試料には、骨のない皮なしの鶏の胸肉を使用した。両方の肉は、タンパク質溶液を作る前に1/8インチの粒子(小片)に挽いた。
Claims (20)
- 乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物の調製プロセスであって、
肉を粉砕して、5mm未満の粒径を有する粉砕された肉を形成すること、
前記粉砕された肉を水、食品等級のアルカリ組成物、食品等級のアルカリ組成物、及び食品等級の塩と混合して、約6.5〜約9.5の範囲のpHを有する機能化タンパク質ブラインを形成し、前記混合は、肉のpHを約5.3未満にするような方法で肉を酸に曝露しないように実行すること、及び
機能化タンパク質ブラインを乾燥させて、乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物を形成すること、を含む、前記プロセス。 - 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、タンパク質1gあたり200gを超えるオイルというエマルジョン容量を有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、K−カラギーナンハイドロコロイド分離を示さないか、またはイオタ−カラギーナンハイドロコロイド分離を示さないか、またはグアーガムハイドロコロイド分離を示さない、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記肉が家禽肉を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記肉が鶏肉及び七面鳥から選択される、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、90gを超えるゲル硬度を有するか、または約90g〜約300g、または約90g〜約200g、または約90g〜約150gのゲル硬度を有する、請求項4または5のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、タンパク質1gあたり60mlの泡を超える発泡能力を有する、請求項4または5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、0.1 1/sの剪断速度で測定したとき、3Pa・sより大きい粘度を有する、請求項4または5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、1.0 1/sの剪断速度で測定したとき、0.3Pa・sより大きい粘度を有する、請求項4または5記載のプロセス。
- 前記肉が牛肉である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、0.1 l/sの剪断速度で測定したとき、1Pa・sより大きい粘度を有する、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、1.0 1/sの剪断速度で測定したとき、0.2Pa・sより大きい粘度を有する、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない場合、400gを超えるゲル硬度を有するか、または約450g〜約650g、もしくは約500g〜約550gのゲル硬度を有する、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項1、4、5及び10のいずれか1項に記載のプロセスにより製造された乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物。
- 前記乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物が、デンプン及びガムが添加されていない、請求項14に記載の乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物。
- 再構成機能化タンパク質製剤の調製プロセスであって:
請求項14に記載の乾燥機能化タンパク質生成物を、約3重量%〜約35重量%の肉含有量を有する再構成機能化タンパク質製剤を形成するのに十分な水で再構成すること、を含む、前記プロセス。 - 請求項16に記載のプロセスによって作られた再構成機能化タンパク質製剤。
- 飲料及びソース(サラダドレッシングなど)からなる群より選択される食物系に前記再構成機能化タンパク質製剤を組み込むことを含む、請求項17に記載の再構成機能化タンパク質製剤を使用するプロセス。
- 請求項17に記載の再構成機能化タンパク質製剤を使用するプロセスであって、前記肉が家禽であり、前記再構成機能化タンパク質製剤を、パン及び冷凍発泡デザート(例えば、アイスクリーム、フローズンカスタード、フローズンヨーグルト、シャーベット、及びジェラートなど)からなる群より選択される食物系に組み込むことを含む、前記プロセス。
- 前記肉が鶏肉及び七面鳥から選択される、請求項19に記載の方法。
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