JP2020141605A - Excavation harvester - Google Patents
Excavation harvester Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020141605A JP2020141605A JP2019041169A JP2019041169A JP2020141605A JP 2020141605 A JP2020141605 A JP 2020141605A JP 2019041169 A JP2019041169 A JP 2019041169A JP 2019041169 A JP2019041169 A JP 2019041169A JP 2020141605 A JP2020141605 A JP 2020141605A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、苗床片で生育した植物において収穫物となる部分と根との間を切断して分離することにより収穫物を収穫する根切り収穫機に関する。 The present invention relates to a root cutting harvester that harvests a harvested product by cutting and separating between a portion to be harvested and a root in a plant grown on a nursery piece.
従来から、この種の根切り収穫機として、例えば特許文献１に記載の収穫装置が知られている。この収穫装置では、作物（植物）が生育されるキュービック状の培地（苗床片）を保持したプレート（苗床片保持部材）がベルトの回転駆動に伴い移動する引抜きチャックにより把持され、その引抜きチャックが切断刃の設けられた位置を上流側から下流側に通過するときに、その切断刃で作物の根切り処理が行われる。 Conventionally, as a root cutting harvester of this kind, for example, the harvesting apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is known. In this harvesting device, a plate (seedbed piece holding member) holding a cubic medium (nursery piece) on which crops (plants) are grown is gripped by a pull-out chuck that moves with the rotational drive of the belt, and the pull-out chuck is gripped. When passing through the position where the cutting blade is provided from the upstream side to the downstream side, the cutting blade performs the root cutting process of the crop.
ところで、上記した従来の収穫装置では、培地を保持したプレートを切断刃の位置まで上流側から搬送する場合も、その切断刃の位置からプレートを下流側に搬送する場合も、切断刃が設けられた切断位置の上流側の領域及び下流側の領域の各々でベルトが回転駆動する構成とされている。すなわち、培地を保持したプレートを搬送するための搬送機構が切断位置の上流側でも下流側でもベルトを回転駆動させる駆動系を用いた構成とされている。そのため、こうした駆動系が必要とされる分だけ、収穫装置における搬送機構の構成が複雑になるという問題があった。 By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional harvesting apparatus, a cutting blade is provided both when the plate holding the medium is transported from the upstream side to the position of the cutting blade and when the plate is transported from the position of the cutting blade to the downstream side. The belt is rotationally driven in each of the upstream region and the downstream region of the cutting position. That is, the transport mechanism for transporting the plate holding the medium is configured to use a drive system that rotationally drives the belt both on the upstream side and the downstream side of the cutting position. Therefore, there is a problem that the configuration of the transport mechanism in the harvesting apparatus becomes complicated as much as such a drive system is required.
本発明は、このような実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、搬送機構の構成の複雑化を抑制できる根切り収穫機を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a root-cutting harvester capable of suppressing complication of the configuration of a transport mechanism.
以下、上記課題を解決するための手段及びその作用効果について記載する。
上記課題を解決する根切り収穫機は、植物が生育される苗床片を当該苗床片の上面側に前記植物で収穫物となる部分を位置させて保持する苗床片保持部材が、搬送経路における切断刃の設けられた切断位置を上流側から下流側に通過するときに、前記苗床片で生育した前記植物において前記収穫物となる部分と根との間が前記切断刃により切断される根切り収穫機であって、前記苗床片保持部材を前記搬送経路の前記切断位置まで上流側から搬送可能な搬送機構を備え、前記搬送機構は、前記苗床片保持部材を載置可能な載置面を有する載置面形成部材を含み、前記載置面形成部材は、前記載置面が前記切断位置の位置する方向に向けて前下がりの勾配となる姿勢で配置され、前記載置面上に前記苗床片保持部材が載置された場合には、前記苗床片保持部材を、前記載置面に沿って斜め上方から斜め下方に移動させ、その移動途中に前記切断位置を上流側から下流側に通過させるように構成されている。
Hereinafter, means for solving the above problems and their actions and effects will be described.
In the root-cutting harvester that solves the above-mentioned problems, the nursery bed piece holding member that holds the nursery bed piece on which the plant is grown is positioned on the upper surface side of the nursery bed piece and the portion to be harvested by the plant is positioned and cut in the transport path. When passing through the cutting position provided with the blade from the upstream side to the downstream side, the root cutting harvest in which the part to be the harvest and the root of the plant grown on the nursery piece is cut by the cutting blade. The machine is provided with a transport mechanism capable of transporting the nursery piece holding member from the upstream side to the cutting position of the transport path, and the transport mechanism has a mounting surface on which the nursery piece holding member can be mounted. The previously described mounting surface forming member, including the mounting surface forming member, is arranged in a posture in which the previously described mounting surface has a downward slope toward the position of the cutting position, and the nursery bed is placed on the previously described mounting surface. When the piece holding member is placed, the nursery bed piece holding member is moved diagonally upward to diagonally downward along the above-mentioned placement surface, and the cutting position is passed from the upstream side to the downstream side during the movement. It is configured to let you.
この構成によれば、載置面形成部材の載置面上に苗床片保持部材を載置すると、苗床片保持部材が斜状の載置面に沿って斜め上方から斜め下方に移動し、その移動途中に切断刃の設けられた切断位置を上流側から下流側に通過する。すると、苗床片保持部材に保持された苗床片で生育した植物において収穫物となる部分と根との間が切断位置で切断刃により切断される。そして、この場合、苗床片保持部材を切断位置まで上流側から搬送する搬送機構は、例えば回転駆動されるベルト等からなる駆動系を用いることなく、斜状の載置面に沿って苗床片保持部材を切断位置まで移動させる載置面形成部材を用いて構成されている。そのため、切断位置よりも上流側の搬送機構の構成の複雑化を抑制できる。 According to this configuration, when the nursery piece holding member is placed on the mounting surface of the mounting surface forming member, the nursery piece holding member moves diagonally from upward to diagonally downward along the oblique mounting surface. It passes through the cutting position provided with the cutting blade during the movement from the upstream side to the downstream side. Then, in the plant grown on the nursery piece held by the nursery piece holding member, the portion between the harvested portion and the root is cut by the cutting blade at the cutting position. In this case, the transport mechanism for transporting the nursery piece holding member from the upstream side to the cutting position holds the nursery piece along the oblique mounting surface without using a drive system including, for example, a rotationally driven belt. It is configured by using a mounting surface forming member that moves the member to the cutting position. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the complexity of the configuration of the transport mechanism on the upstream side of the cutting position.
上記根切り収穫機において、前記載置面形成部材は、前記載置面に沿う方向と交差する水平方向における前記切断刃との距離を調整可能に、前記切断刃に対して相対移動可能に配置されていることが好ましい。 In the root cutting harvester, the above-mentioned mounting surface forming member is arranged so as to be movable relative to the cutting blade so that the distance to the cutting blade in the horizontal direction intersecting the direction along the previously described placing surface can be adjusted. It is preferable that it is.
この構成によれば、水平方向における載置面形成部材と切断刃との距離を調整すれば、苗床片保持部材が前下がり勾配の載置面に沿って斜め上方から斜め下方に移動して切断位置を通過する際の苗床片保持部材の上面と切断刃との上下方向の位置関係を調整できる。その結果、苗床片保持部材に保持された苗床片で生育した植物において切断刃により切断される箇所と切断刃との上下方向の位置関係も同様に調整される。したがって、水平方向での載置面形成部材と切断刃との距離を調整すれば、苗床片で生育した植物において切断位置を通過する際に切断刃を用いた切断により根から分離されて収穫される収穫物の最終形態にバラエティを持たすことができる。 According to this configuration, if the distance between the mounting surface forming member and the cutting blade in the horizontal direction is adjusted, the nursery piece holding member moves diagonally upward to diagonally downward along the mounting surface having a downward slope for cutting. The vertical positional relationship between the upper surface of the nursery piece holding member and the cutting blade when passing through the position can be adjusted. As a result, in the plant grown on the nursery piece held by the nursery piece holding member, the vertical positional relationship between the portion cut by the cutting blade and the cutting blade is similarly adjusted. Therefore, if the distance between the mounting surface forming member and the cutting blade in the horizontal direction is adjusted, the plant grown on the nursery piece is separated from the root by cutting with the cutting blade when passing through the cutting position and harvested. There can be variety in the final form of the harvest.
上記根切り収穫機において、前記載置面形成部材は、前記載置面の勾配を調整可能に、前記載置面に沿う方向で前記切断位置が位置する側となる端部を支点として揺動可能に配置されていることが好ましい。 In the root cutting harvester, the above-mentioned mounting surface forming member swings around the end portion on the side where the cutting position is located in the direction along the previously described placing surface so that the gradient of the previously described placing surface can be adjusted. It is preferably arranged so that it can be arranged.
この構成によれば、苗床片保持部材に保持された苗床片で生育した植物の種類が例えばホウレンソウ等のように苗床片保持部材の傾きを相対的に大きくすると当該植物の上端側が重力の作用で傾倒し易い植物である場合には、載置面形成部材を載置面の勾配が緩くなる方向に揺動させることにより、そのような植物の傾倒を抑制できる。 According to this configuration, when the type of plant grown on the nursery piece held by the nursery piece holding member has a relatively large inclination of the nursery piece holding member such as spinach, the upper end side of the plant is affected by gravity. In the case of a plant that is easily tilted, the tilting of such a plant can be suppressed by swinging the mounting surface forming member in a direction in which the slope of the mounting surface becomes gentle.
上記根切り収穫機において、前記載置面形成部材は、水平な方向のうちで前記載置面が前下がりの勾配で延びる方向を前後方向とした場合の前記苗床片保持部材における左右方向の両端部を載置可能とする両側載置部材と、左右方向で前記両側載置部材の間に配置されて前記苗床片保持部材における左右方向の中間部分を載置可能とする中間載置部材と、を含んで構成されていることが好ましい。 In the root cutting harvester, the above-mentioned mounting surface forming member has both ends in the left-right direction of the nursery piece holding member when the direction in which the previously described placing surface extends with a downward-sloping slope is the front-rear direction. A bilateral mounting member on which the portion can be mounted, and an intermediate mounting member arranged between the both side mounting members in the left-right direction and capable of mounting an intermediate portion in the left-right direction of the nursery piece holding member. It is preferable that it is configured to include.
この構成によれば、苗床片保持部材が例えば中間載置部材がなくて両側載置部材だけの載置面形成部材により左右方向の両端部だけを載置された場合には、苗床片保持部材における左右方向の中間部分が重力の作用で撓んでしまう虞があるところ、中間載置部材を有しているため、そのような撓みの発生を抑制できる。 According to this configuration, when the nursery piece holding member is mounted only on both ends in the left-right direction by, for example, a mounting surface forming member having only both side mounting members without an intermediate mounting member, the nursery piece holding member Where there is a risk that the intermediate portion in the left-right direction will be bent by the action of gravity, since the intermediate mounting member is provided, the occurrence of such bending can be suppressed.
上記根切り収穫機において、前記両側載置部材及び前記中間載置部材のうち少なくとも前記両側載置部材は、前記苗床片保持部材を載置した状態で回転自在な複数のローラーを含んで構成され、複数の前記ローラーが前記載置面に沿う方向に所定の間隔をおいて並ぶように支持されていることが好ましい。 In the root cutting harvester, at least the both side mounting members among the both side mounting members and the intermediate mounting member are configured to include a plurality of rollers that can rotate with the nursery piece holding member mounted. , It is preferable that the plurality of rollers are supported so as to be lined up at predetermined intervals in the direction along the above-mentioned mounting surface.
この構成によれば、苗床片保持部材を載置して回転自在な複数のローラーにより斜状の載置面が形成されることになるため、載置面との摩擦抵抗を極力なくして苗床片保持部材を切断位置に向けて滑らかに移動させることができる。 According to this configuration, an oblique mounting surface is formed by a plurality of rotatable rollers on which the nursery piece holding member is placed, so that the frictional resistance with the mounting surface is minimized to minimize the nursery piece. The holding member can be smoothly moved toward the cutting position.
本発明によれば、根切り収穫機における搬送機構の構成の複雑化を抑制できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the complexity of the configuration of the transport mechanism in the root cutting harvester.
以下、苗床片で生育した植物において収穫物となる部分と根との間を切断して分離することで収穫物を収穫する根切り収穫機の一実施形態について、図を参照して説明する。
図１及び図２に示すように、根切り収穫機１１は、鉛直方向Ｚに沿って延びる第１支柱１２と、第１支柱１２の近傍位置で同じく鉛直方向Ｚに沿って延びる第２支柱１３と、を備えている。第１支柱１２及び第２支柱１３のうち少なくとも一方の支柱は、他方の支柱に対して接近及び離間可能となるように、水平方向において他方の支柱に対して相対移動可能な状態に配置されている。一例として、本実施形態では、図１で右側の第１支柱１２が、その基端部を床面等に固定された固定支柱とされ、図１で左側の第２支柱１３が、その基端部にコロ等を取り付けられることにより、水平な方向のうちで固定支柱である第１支柱１２に対して接近及び離間する方向となる前後方向Ｘに移動可能とされた可動支柱を構成している。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a root-cutting harvester that harvests a harvested product by cutting and separating between a portion to be a harvested product and a root in a plant grown on a nursery piece will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the root cutting harvester 11 has a first support column 12 extending along the vertical direction Z and a second support column 13 extending along the vertical direction Z in the vicinity of the first support column 12. And have. At least one of the first column 12 and the second column 13 is arranged so as to be movable relative to the other column in the horizontal direction so as to be accessible and separated from the other column. There is. As an example, in the present embodiment, the first strut 12 on the right side in FIG. 1 is a fixed strut whose base end is fixed to the floor surface or the like, and the second strut 13 on the left side in FIG. 1 is the base end thereof. By attaching a roller or the like to the portion, it constitutes a movable strut that can be moved in the front-rear direction X, which is a direction that approaches and separates from the first strut 12 that is a fixed strut in the horizontal direction. ..
なお、図１に示すように、第１支柱１２及び第２支柱１３の鉛直方向Ｚの高さは、第１支柱１２の方が第２支柱１３よりも高く、また、図２に示すように、第１支柱１２及び第２支柱１３は、それぞれが、左右方向Ｙに一定の間隔をおいて対をなすように設けられている。また、第２支柱１３の上端部は、左右方向Ｙから見て上方に凸となる半円形状に形成されると共に（図１参照）、その上端面には所定の溝幅で前後方向Ｘに沿う切欠溝１４（図２参照）が鉛直上方から所定の深さだけ切り欠き形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the heights of the first column 12 and the second column 13 in the vertical direction Z are higher in the first column 12 than in the second column 13, and as shown in FIG. , The first support column 12 and the second support column 13 are provided so as to form a pair at a certain interval in the left-right direction Y, respectively. Further, the upper end portion of the second support column 13 is formed in a semicircular shape that is convex upward when viewed from the left-right direction Y (see FIG. 1), and the upper end surface thereof is formed in the front-rear direction X with a predetermined groove width. A notch groove 14 (see FIG. 2) along the notch is formed by a predetermined depth from vertically above.
左右で対をなす第１支柱１２の上端部間には、左右方向Ｙに長い板形状の切断刃１５が取り付けられている。図１に示すように、切断刃１５は、その刃先を第２支柱１３が位置する後方側の少し斜め上方となる方向に向けた姿勢で、左右の第１支柱１２の上端部間に取り付けられている。一方、左右で対をなす第２支柱１３の上端部間には、植物１６が生育される苗床片１７を保持可能な苗床片保持部材の一例である定植パネル１８を図１において白抜き矢印で示す一方向に延びる搬送経路１９の上流側から下流側に搬送可能な搬送機構２０が設けられている。 A plate-shaped cutting blade 15 long in the left-right direction Y is attached between the upper ends of the first columns 12 paired on the left and right. As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting blade 15 is attached between the upper ends of the left and right first columns 12 in a posture in which the cutting edge is directed slightly diagonally upward on the rear side where the second column 13 is located. ing. On the other hand, between the upper ends of the second columns 13 paired on the left and right, a planting panel 18 which is an example of a nursery piece holding member capable of holding the nursery piece 17 on which the plant 16 is grown is shown by a white arrow in FIG. A transport mechanism 20 capable of transporting from the upstream side to the downstream side of the transport path 19 extending in one direction is provided.
図１に示すように、切断刃１５が位置する切断位置ＣＰは、上流側から下流側へ勾配が前下がりで斜状に延びる搬送経路１９の途中に位置している。そのため、切断刃１５は、搬送機構２０により搬送経路１９を上流側から搬送される定植パネル１８が保持する苗床片１７で生育した植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分と根２２との間を、定植パネル１８が切断位置ＣＰを上流側から下流側に通過するときに切断可能とされる。この場合、植物１６は、例えばレタス等の葉物野菜であり、ウレタンスポンジ等からなる弾性変形が可能なキュービック状の苗床片１７において種苗の段階から植え付けられて生育される。なお、以下では、植物１６がレタス等の葉物野菜である場合を例にして説明する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting position CP where the cutting blade 15 is located is located in the middle of the transport path 19 in which the gradient extends diagonally from the upstream side to the downstream side. Therefore, the cutting blade 15 provides a portion between the root 22 and the portion of the plant 16 grown on the nursery piece 17 held by the planting panel 18 which is transported from the upstream side in the transport path 19 by the transport mechanism 20. Cutting is possible when the planting panel 18 passes through the cutting position CP from the upstream side to the downstream side. In this case, the plant 16 is a leafy vegetable such as lettuce, and is planted and grown from the seedling stage in a cubic-shaped nursery piece 17 made of urethane sponge or the like and capable of elastic deformation. In the following, a case where the plant 16 is a leafy vegetable such as lettuce will be described as an example.
定植パネル１８は、苗床片１７を挿入して保持可能な孔２３が厚さ方向に貫通するように形成された矩形板状の部材であり、その孔２３内に苗床片１７を当該苗床片１７の上面側に植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分を位置させると共に当該苗床片１７の下面側に根２２の部分が垂れ下がるようにして保持する。図２に示すように、定植パネル１８には、一例として、幅方向となる左右方向Ｙに４つの孔２３が等間隔に並ぶと共に、そのような４つの孔２３からなる列が前後方向Ｘに４列分等間隔に並ぶことにより、合計１６個の孔２３がマトリックス状の配置となるように形成されている。 The planting panel 18 is a rectangular plate-shaped member formed so that a hole 23 capable of inserting and holding the nursery piece 17 penetrates in the thickness direction, and the nursery piece 17 is inserted into the hole 23. The portion of the plant 16 to be the harvest 21 is positioned on the upper surface side of the plant 16 and the root 22 portion is held so as to hang down on the lower surface side of the nursery piece 17. As shown in FIG. 2, in the planting panel 18, as an example, four holes 23 are arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction Y, which is the width direction, and rows of such four holes 23 are arranged in the front-rear direction X. By arranging them at equal intervals in four rows, a total of 16 holes 23 are formed so as to be arranged in a matrix.
搬送機構２０は、自由端となる先端部の方が支点となる基端部よりも後方側斜め上方に位置する傾いた片持ち梁状となる姿勢で第２支柱１３の上端部に支軸２４を介して基端部を支持された載置面形成部材２５を備えている。載置面形成部材２５は、定植パネル１８を載置可能な載置面２６を上面側に有しており、この場合、載置面２６は、切断刃１５が設けられた切断位置ＣＰの位置する方向に向けて前下がりの勾配となるように、その勾配角度θが設定されている。すなわち、載置面形成部材２５は、斜状の載置面２６上に定植パネル１８が載置された場合に、重力の作用で定植パネル１８が載置面２６に沿う搬送経路１９を上流側となる斜め上方から下流側となる斜め下方に移動し、その移動途中に切断刃１５が位置する切断位置ＣＰを通過するように構成されている。 The transport mechanism 20 has a support shaft 24 at the upper end of the second support column 13 in an inclined cantilever-like posture in which the tip end portion that is the free end is located diagonally upward on the rear side of the base end portion that is the fulcrum. A mounting surface forming member 25 whose base end portion is supported via the beam is provided. The mounting surface forming member 25 has a mounting surface 26 on the upper surface side on which the planting panel 18 can be mounted. In this case, the mounting surface 26 is the position of the cutting position CP where the cutting blade 15 is provided. The gradient angle θ is set so as to have a downward-sloping gradient in the direction of movement. That is, in the mounting surface forming member 25, when the planting panel 18 is mounted on the oblique mounting surface 26, the planting panel 18 moves upstream along the transport path 19 along the mounting surface 26 due to the action of gravity. It is configured to move diagonally downward from diagonally above to downstream, and pass through the cutting position CP where the cutting blade 15 is located during the movement.
図２に示すように、載置面形成部材２５は、左右方向Ｙに定植パネル１８の横幅よりも大きい間隔をおいて対向する一対の両側載置部材２７と、左右方向Ｙにおいて一対の両側載置部材２７の間に配置される少なくとも一つ（本実施形態では３つ）の中間載置部材２８と、を含んで構成されている。両側載置部材２７は、その厚さが第２支柱１３の上端面の切欠溝１４の溝幅と略等しく且つその長さが定植パネル１８よりも長い長板状をなしている。そして、両側載置部材２７は、その長手方向の両端部のうち載置面２６に沿う方向で切断位置ＣＰが位置する側の端部（図１及び図２では右側の端部）が切欠溝１４に挟み入れられた状態で第２支柱１３の上端部に支軸２４を介して揺動自在に支持されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the mounting surface forming member 25 is mounted on both sides of a pair of mounting members 27 facing each other in the left-right direction Y at a distance larger than the width of the planting panel 18, and a pair of both sides mounted in the left-right direction Y. It is configured to include at least one (three in this embodiment) intermediate mounting member 28 arranged between the placement members 27. The both-side mounting member 27 has a long plate shape whose thickness is substantially equal to the groove width of the notch groove 14 on the upper end surface of the second support column 13 and whose length is longer than that of the planting panel 18. The both-side mounting member 27 has a notch groove at the end (the right end in FIGS. 1 and 2) on which the cutting position CP is located in the direction along the mounting surface 26 among both ends in the longitudinal direction. In a state of being sandwiched between the 14s, the second support column 13 is swingably supported by the upper end portion via the support shaft 24.
一対の両側載置部材２７において左右方向Ｙで互いに対向する内側面には、載置面２６に沿う方向でもある長手方向に複数（本実施形態では５つ）のローラー２９が等間隔おきに左右方向Ｙに沿うピン３０を介して回動自在に支持されている。ローラー２９は、その直径が両側載置部材２７の短手方向の幅寸法と略等しく、本実施形態では、図１に示すように、複数のローラー２９の周面に共通して接する接線が含まれる平面であって且つ両側載置部材２７の上面が含まれる平面により、定植パネル１８を載置可能な載置面２６が構成される。 On the inner side surfaces of the pair of both side mounting members 27 facing each other in the left-right direction Y, a plurality of rollers 29 (five in the present embodiment) in the longitudinal direction, which is also the direction along the mounting surface 26, are left and right at equal intervals. It is rotatably supported via a pin 30 along the direction Y. The diameter of the roller 29 is substantially equal to the width dimension of the mounting members 27 on both sides in the lateral direction, and in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a tangent line that is in common with the peripheral surfaces of the plurality of rollers 29 is included. The mounting surface 26 on which the planting panel 18 can be mounted is configured by the flat surface including the upper surfaces of the mounting members 27 on both sides.
一方、一対の両側載置部材２７の間に配置された３つの中間載置部材２８は、それぞれの上面が両側載置部材２７の上面と略同じ長さの帯状の平面となるように形成された板材であり、少なくとも一本（本実施形態では３本）の丸棒状をなす連結部材３１により連結されることで一体化されている。この場合、３つの中間載置部材２８は、それぞれの上面の高さ位置が左右方向Ｙから見て一致するように、連結部材３１により連結される。そして、このように連結部材３１を介して一体化された３つの中間載置部材２８は、それぞれの上面が両側載置部材２７の上面と略同じ高さ位置で同じ斜め方向に延びて載置面２６の一部を形成するように、両側載置部材２７に対して不図示の連結部材を介して一体化されている。 On the other hand, the three intermediate mounting members 28 arranged between the pair of both side mounting members 27 are formed so that the upper surfaces thereof are strip-shaped planes having substantially the same length as the upper surfaces of the both side mounting members 27. It is a flat plate material, and is integrated by being connected by at least one (three in this embodiment) round bar-shaped connecting member 31. In this case, the three intermediate mounting members 28 are connected by the connecting member 31 so that the height positions of the upper surfaces thereof coincide with each other when viewed from the left-right direction Y. The three intermediate mounting members 28 integrated via the connecting member 31 in this way are mounted so that their upper surfaces extend in the same diagonal direction at substantially the same height position as the upper surfaces of the both side mounting members 27. It is integrated with the mounting members 27 on both sides via a connecting member (not shown) so as to form a part of the surface 26.
なお、図２に示すように、各中間載置部材２８は、それらに載置される定植パネル１８における孔２３の形成位置を左右方向Ｙにおいて位置ずれした各位置に配置されている。そのため、苗床片１７を孔２３に保持した定植パネル１８が搬送経路１９を下流側に向けて搬送されるとき、苗床片１７の下面側に垂れた根２２が各中間載置部材２８に接触することが抑制される。 As shown in FIG. 2, each intermediate mounting member 28 is arranged at each position where the formation position of the hole 23 in the planting panel 18 mounted on the intermediate mounting member 28 is displaced in the left-right direction Y. Therefore, when the planting panel 18 holding the nursery piece 17 in the hole 23 is transported toward the downstream side of the transport path 19, the root 22 hanging on the lower surface side of the nursery piece 17 comes into contact with each intermediate mounting member 28. Is suppressed.
また、図１及び図２に示すように、左右一対の第１支柱１２のうち右側（図１の紙面と直交する方向で手前側）の第１支柱１２の高さ方向の中途位置には、軸受け部３２が設けられると共に、第２支柱１３の高さ方向で第１支柱１２の軸受け部３２と同じ高さ位置には、前後方向Ｘに沿う雌ねじ孔３３が貫通形成されている。そして、この雌ねじ孔３３に対して、先端部を第１支柱１２の軸受け部３２に対して回動自在な状態で且つ前後方向Ｘへは移動不能な状態で支持された雄ねじ棒部材３４が、その長さ方向の中間部を螺合させた状態で挿通されている。雄ねじ棒部材３４の基端部には操作ハンドル３５が設けられており、この操作ハンドル３５を回動させることで可動支柱である第２支柱１３を固定支柱である第１支柱１２に対して接近及び離間するように移動可能とされる。本実施形態では、以上のような軸受け部３２、雌ねじ孔３３、雄ねじ棒部材３４及び操作ハンドル３５により、載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との水平方向における距離Ｄを調整可能な水平距離調整機構３６が構成されている。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the middle position in the height direction of the first column 12 on the right side (the front side in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1) of the pair of left and right first columns 12, The bearing portion 32 is provided, and a female screw hole 33 along the front-rear direction X is formed through the bearing portion 32 at the same height position as the bearing portion 32 of the first support column 12 in the height direction of the second support column 13. Then, the male screw rod member 34 is supported with respect to the female screw hole 33 in a state in which the tip portion is rotatable with respect to the bearing portion 32 of the first support column 12 and is immovable in the front-rear direction X. It is inserted in a state where the middle part in the length direction is screwed. An operation handle 35 is provided at the base end of the male screw rod member 34, and by rotating the operation handle 35, the second strut 13 which is a movable strut approaches the first strut 12 which is a fixed strut. And can be moved so as to be separated. In the present embodiment, the horizontal distance D between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the horizontal direction can be adjusted by the bearing portion 32, the female screw hole 33, the male screw rod member 34, and the operation handle 35 as described above. The adjusting mechanism 36 is configured.
また、左右一対の第２支柱１３のうち右側（図１の紙面と直交する方向で手前側）の第２支柱１３の右側面において高さ方向で雌ねじ孔３３が形成された高さ位置よりも上方の位置には、矩形板状のブラケット３７が先端部を後方側に向けた水平な片持ち梁状となる姿勢で支持されている。ブラケット３７の先端側の内面（図１の紙面と直交する方向では奧側の面）には、鉛直方向Ｚに沿う雌ねじ孔３８が貫通形成されたナット部材３９が固定されている。そして、このナット部材３９の雌ねじ孔３８に対して、先端部を載置面形成部材２５の一部である両側載置部材２７の下面に鉛直下方から当接させた雄ねじ棒部材４０が、その長さ方向の中間部を螺合させた状態で挿通されている。雄ねじ棒部材４０の基端部には操作ハンドル４１が設けられており、この操作ハンドル４１を回動させることで載置面形成部材２５を揺動させて載置面２６の勾配角度θを調整可能とされる。本実施形態では、以上のようなブラケット３７、雌ねじ孔３８、ナット部材３９、雄ねじ棒部材４０及び操作ハンドル４１により、載置面形成部材２５における載置面２６の前下がりの勾配角度θを調整可能な勾配角度調整機構４２が構成されている。 Further, the right side of the pair of left and right second columns 13 (on the front side in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1) is located on the right side of the second column 13 with respect to the height position where the female screw hole 33 is formed in the height direction. At the upper position, a rectangular plate-shaped bracket 37 is supported in a horizontal cantilever-like posture with the tip end facing the rear side. A nut member 39 having a female screw hole 38 penetrating along the vertical direction Z is fixed to the inner surface of the bracket 37 on the tip end side (the surface on the back side in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1). Then, the male screw rod member 40 whose tip end portion is brought into contact with the lower surface of both side mounting members 27, which is a part of the mounting surface forming member 25, with respect to the female screw hole 38 of the nut member 39 from vertically below. It is inserted with the middle part in the length direction screwed. An operation handle 41 is provided at the base end of the male screw rod member 40, and by rotating the operation handle 41, the mounting surface forming member 25 is swung to adjust the gradient angle θ of the mounting surface 26. It is possible. In the present embodiment, the bracket 37, the female screw hole 38, the nut member 39, the male screw rod member 40, and the operation handle 41 as described above adjust the gradient angle θ of the mounting surface 26 of the mounting surface forming member 25. A possible gradient angle adjusting mechanism 42 is configured.
また、図１及び図２に示すように、左右で対をなす第１支柱１２の上端部間には、左右方向Ｙに長い矩形板状の受け渡しプレート４３が、その後端側（図１では左端側）の下面で切断刃１５の前端側（図１では右端側）の上面を上方から覆う姿勢で、水平方向に沿うように取り付けられている。この場合、受け渡しプレート４３はその後端縁が切断刃１５の上面に接触した状態で取り付けられていることが好ましい。切断位置ＣＰで切断刃１５により根２２との間を切断された植物１６の収穫物２１は、切断刃１５の斜状の上面から受け渡しプレート４３の位置する前方に移動し、その受け渡しプレート４３の水平な上面に受け渡しされる。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, between the upper ends of the first columns 12 paired on the left and right, a rectangular plate-shaped transfer plate 43 long in the left-right direction Y is provided on the rear end side (left end in FIG. 1). It is attached so as to cover the upper surface of the front end side (right end side in FIG. 1) of the cutting blade 15 from above with the lower surface of the cutting blade 15 along the horizontal direction. In this case, it is preferable that the transfer plate 43 is attached with its trailing edge in contact with the upper surface of the cutting blade 15. The harvest 21 of the plant 16 cut between the root 22 and the root 22 by the cutting blade 15 at the cutting position CP moves from the oblique upper surface of the cutting blade 15 to the front where the delivery plate 43 is located, and the delivery plate 43 Delivered to a horizontal top surface.
また、左右で対をなす第１支柱１２の前側の側面において高さ方向で受け渡しプレート４３が取り付けられた高さ位置よりも少し下方の位置からは、左右で対をなす矩形板状のブラケット４４が各々の先端部を前方側に向けた水平な片持ち梁状となる姿勢で支持されている。そして、左右の両ブラケット４４の先端部間には、不図示の駆動モーターの駆動に基づき回転する駆動ローラー４５が左右方向Ｙに沿う回転軸４６を介して回動自在に支持されている。一方、図１に示すように、前後方向Ｘで左右の両ブラケット４４の先端部の延長線上となる各位置には、左右で対をなす矩形板状のブラケット４７が第１支柱１２よりも前方位置に立設された不図示の支柱から各々の先端部を後方側に向けた水平な片持ち梁状となる姿勢で支持されている。そして、左右の両ブラケット４７の先端部間には、駆動ローラー４５と同径の従動ローラー４８が左右方向Ｙに沿う回転軸４９を介して回動自在に支持されている。 Further, from a position slightly below the height position where the transfer plate 43 is attached in the height direction on the front side surface of the first strut 12 paired on the left and right, the rectangular plate-shaped bracket 44 paired on the left and right Is supported in a horizontal cantilever-like posture with each tip facing forward. A drive roller 45 that rotates based on the drive of a drive motor (not shown) is rotatably supported between the tips of the left and right brackets 44 via a rotation shaft 46 along the left-right direction Y. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, at each position on the extension line of the tips of the left and right brackets 44 in the front-rear direction X, a pair of left and right rectangular plate-shaped brackets 47 are in front of the first support column 12. It is supported in a horizontal cantilever-like posture with its tip facing the rear side from a column (not shown) erected at the position. A driven roller 48 having the same diameter as the drive roller 45 is rotatably supported between the tips of the left and right brackets 47 via a rotation shaft 49 along the left-right direction Y.
駆動ローラー４５と従動ローラー４８との間には、無端状のメッシュベルト５０が掛装されている。メッシュベルト５０は、駆動ローラー４５の駆動回転に伴い、駆動ローラー４５の回転方向と同方向へ周回移動する。例えば、図１において駆動ローラー４５が時計周り方向に回転した場合には、メッシュベルト５０も時計周り方向に周回移動し、図１に示すように、受け渡しプレート４３上からメッシュベルト５０上に移ってきた収穫物２１（１６）をメッシュベルト５０の前方下方に配置した回収ボックス５１内に落下させる。 An endless mesh belt 50 is hung between the drive roller 45 and the driven roller 48. The mesh belt 50 orbits in the same direction as the rotation direction of the drive roller 45 as the drive roller 45 rotates. For example, when the drive roller 45 rotates in the clockwise direction in FIG. 1, the mesh belt 50 also orbits in the clockwise direction and moves from the transfer plate 43 onto the mesh belt 50 as shown in FIG. The harvested product 21 (16) is dropped into a collection box 51 arranged below the front of the mesh belt 50.
次に、上記のように構成された根切り収穫機１１の作用について、搬送機構２０により定植パネル１８を搬送経路１９の上流側から下流側に搬送する途中で植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分と根２２との間を切断して分離することにより収穫物２１を収穫する場合の作用に着目して説明する。 Next, regarding the action of the root cutting harvester 11 configured as described above, the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 while the planting panel 18 is being transported from the upstream side to the downstream side of the transport path 19 by the transport mechanism 20. The action when the harvested product 21 is harvested by cutting and separating between the root 22 and the root 22 will be described.
さて、図１及び図２に示すように、搬送機構２０における載置面形成部材２５の前下がり勾配の載置面２６上に定植パネル１８を載置すると、定植パネル１８は、重力の作用で斜状の搬送経路１９を白抜き矢印で示す搬送方向の下流側に移動する。すなわち、駆動力を受けて回転駆動されるベルト等からなる構成が複雑な駆動系を搬送機構２０に用いなくても、前下がり勾配の載置面２６に沿って延びる搬送経路１９の途中の切断位置ＣＰまで定植パネル１８を上流側から重力の作用で搬送可能とされる。 By the way, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the planting panel 18 is placed on the mounting surface 26 having a downward slope of the mounting surface forming member 25 in the transport mechanism 20, the planting panel 18 is affected by gravity. The oblique transport path 19 is moved to the downstream side in the transport direction indicated by the white arrow. That is, even if the transport mechanism 20 does not use a drive system having a complicated configuration including a belt or the like that is rotationally driven by receiving a driving force, a cut in the middle of the transport path 19 extending along the mounting surface 26 having a forward downward slope. The planting panel 18 can be transported to the position CP from the upstream side by the action of gravity.
また、このとき、定植パネル１８は、その左右方向Ｙの両端部が載置面形成部材２５における両側載置部材２７の長手方向に等間隔で並んだ複数のローラー２９の周面の各一部で形成される載置面２６上に載置された状態で、それらのローラー２９を回転させながら移動する。そのため、例えば両側載置部材２７の前下がり勾配の上面を載置面２６として当該上面に定植パネル１８の下面を摺動させながら、定植パネル１８を搬送方向の下流側に移動させる場合よりも、移動時の摩擦抵抗が抑制される。また、このとき、定植パネル１８は、その左右方向Ｙの中間部分が載置面形成部材２５を両側載置部材２７と共に構成する中間載置部材２８に載置されるため、その定植パネル１８の左右方向Ｙの中間部分が下方に撓んでしまうことも抑制される。 Further, at this time, the planting panel 18 is a part of the peripheral surface of a plurality of rollers 29 whose both ends in the left-right direction Y are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the both side mounting members 27 in the mounting surface forming member 25. In a state of being mounted on the mounting surface 26 formed by the above, the rollers 29 are rotated and moved. Therefore, for example, compared to the case where the planting panel 18 is moved to the downstream side in the transport direction while the lower surface of the planting panel 18 is slid on the upper surface of the mounting surface 26 with the upper surface of the front downward slope of the mounting members 27 on both sides as the mounting surface 26. Friction resistance during movement is suppressed. Further, at this time, since the intermediate portion of the planting panel 18 in the left-right direction Y is mounted on the intermediate mounting member 28 including the mounting surface forming member 25 together with the both side mounting members 27, the planting panel 18 is mounted on the intermediate mounting member 28. It is also suppressed that the intermediate portion in the left-right direction Y bends downward.
そして、図３に示すように、定植パネル１８の前端が切断位置ＣＰを上流側から下流側に通過し、その定植パネル１８の孔２３に保持されている苗床片１７で生育した植物１６が切断位置ＣＰに至ると、その切断位置ＣＰに設けられた切断刃１５によって植物１６における収穫物２１となる部分と根２２との間が切断される。なお、この場合、水平な方向のうちで前後方向Ｘにおける載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離は、水平距離調整機構３６により所定の距離Ｄに設定されているものとする。 Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the front end of the planting panel 18 passes through the cutting position CP from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the plant 16 grown in the nursery piece 17 held in the hole 23 of the planting panel 18 is cut. When the position CP is reached, the cutting blade 15 provided at the cutting position CP cuts between the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 and the root 22. In this case, it is assumed that the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X in the horizontal direction is set to a predetermined distance D by the horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36.
ここで、水平距離調整機構３６により載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との前後方向Ｘの距離を調整すると、定植パネル１８が前下がり勾配の載置面２６に沿って斜め上方から斜め下方に移動して切断位置ＣＰを通過するときの、当該定植パネル１８の上面と切断刃１５との上下方向の位置関係が調整される。その結果、定植パネル１８と一緒に切断位置ＣＰを通過する植物１６の根元と切断刃１５の刃先との上下方向の位置関係も同様に調整される。したがって、定植パネル１８に保持された苗床片１７で生育した植物１６において切断位置ＣＰを通過するときに切断刃１５により切断される箇所も、同様に上下方向において調整可能とされる。 Here, when the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X is adjusted by the horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36, the planting panel 18 is obliquely upward to diagonally downward along the mounting surface 26 having a downward slope. The vertical positional relationship between the upper surface of the planting panel 18 and the cutting blade 15 when moving to and passing through the cutting position CP is adjusted. As a result, the vertical positional relationship between the root of the plant 16 passing through the cutting position CP together with the planting panel 18 and the cutting edge of the cutting blade 15 is adjusted in the same manner. Therefore, in the plant 16 grown on the nursery piece 17 held by the planting panel 18, the portion cut by the cutting blade 15 when passing through the cutting position CP is also adjustable in the vertical direction.
図３に示すように、前後方向Ｘにおける載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離が、所定の距離Ｄに設定されている場合、植物１６は、定植パネル１８と一緒に切断位置ＣＰを通過するとき、その植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分と苗床片１７の上面との間で根２２よりも太い幹状をなす根幹部の上端部分が切断刃１５の刃先の位置を通過することになる。すなわち、植物１６は、葉部等の収穫物２１となる部分とその下側に連なる根幹部との境界となる箇所が切断刃１５により切断される。そのため、植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分は、その根元に根幹部を切り残すことなく、そのような根幹部は定植パネル１８の孔２３内に保持された苗床片１７の上面側に切り株５２として切り離すことにより、根元に茎部５３（図４参照）のない収穫物２１（１６）の形態で根２２から分離される。 As shown in FIG. 3, when the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X is set to a predetermined distance D, the plant 16 is cut together with the planting panel 18 at the cutting position CP. The upper end of the root stem, which forms a trunk thicker than the root 22 between the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 and the upper surface of the nursery piece 17, passes through the position of the cutting edge of the cutting blade 15. It will be. That is, in the plant 16, the portion serving as the harvested product 21 such as the leaf portion and the portion serving as the boundary between the root portion connected to the lower side thereof are cut by the cutting blade 15. Therefore, the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 does not leave a root stem at the root thereof, and such a root stem is stump 52 on the upper surface side of the nursery piece 17 held in the hole 23 of the planting panel 18. It is separated from the root 22 in the form of the harvest 21 (16) without the stem 53 (see FIG. 4) at the root.
そして、このように根２２から分離された収穫物２１（１６）は、切断刃１５の斜状の上面から受け渡しプレート４３の水平な上面及び周回移動するメッシュベルト５０を経て回収ボックス５１に回収される。一方、定植パネル１８は、収穫物２１となる部分と分離された根２２を下面側に垂らした苗床片１７を孔２３内に保持したままで、切断位置ＣＰから切断刃１５の下方を下流側に通過し、図１において実線矢印で示すように、搬送経路１９を慣性及び重力の作用で斜め下方へと落下して回収される。 Then, the harvested product 21 (16) thus separated from the root 22 is collected in the collection box 51 from the oblique upper surface of the cutting blade 15 via the horizontal upper surface of the delivery plate 43 and the mesh belt 50 that moves around. To. On the other hand, the planting panel 18 keeps the nursery piece 17 in which the root 22 separated from the portion to be the harvest 21 is hung on the lower surface side in the hole 23, and the lower side of the cutting blade 15 is downstream from the cutting position CP. As shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 1, the transport path 19 is dropped diagonally downward by the action of inertia and gravity and recovered.
なお、図４に示すように、水平距離調整機構３６により前後方向Ｘにおける載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離を図３に示す距離Ｄよりも短い所定の距離Ｄ１に調整した場合には、次のようになる。この場合、植物１６は、定植パネル１８と一緒に切断位置ＣＰを通過するとき、その植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分と苗床片１７の上面との間で根２２よりも太い幹状をなす根幹部の下端部分が切断刃１５の刃先の位置を通過することになる。すなわち、植物１６は、その根幹部において左右方向Ｙから見て定植パネル１８の上面と交差する箇所が切断刃１５により切断される。そのため、植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分は、その根元に根幹部の一部を所定長さだけ茎部５３として付けた収穫物２１（１６）の形態で根２２から分離される。収穫物２１をその根元に茎部５３を少しだけ付けた状態にして収穫したい場合には、このように水平距離調整機構３６により前後方向Ｘにおける載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離を図３に示す距離Ｄよりも短い所定の距離Ｄ１に調整することが好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 4, when the horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36 adjusts the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X to a predetermined distance D1 shorter than the distance D shown in FIG. Is as follows. In this case, when the plant 16 passes through the cutting position CP together with the planting panel 18, the plant 16 forms a trunk shape thicker than the root 22 between the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 and the upper surface of the nursery piece 17. The lower end portion of the root portion passes through the position of the cutting edge of the cutting blade 15. That is, in the plant 16, the portion of the root stem that intersects the upper surface of the planting panel 18 when viewed from the left-right direction Y is cut by the cutting blade 15. Therefore, the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvested product 21 is separated from the root 22 in the form of the harvested product 21 (16) in which a part of the root trunk portion is attached to the root thereof as the stem portion 53 by a predetermined length. When it is desired to harvest the harvested product 21 with the stem portion 53 slightly attached to the root thereof, the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X by the horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36 in this way. Is preferably adjusted to a predetermined distance D1 shorter than the distance D shown in FIG.
また、図５に示すように、水平距離調整機構３６により前後方向Ｘにおける載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離を図３に示す距離Ｄよりも長い所定の距離Ｄ２に調整した場合には、次のようになる。この場合、植物１６は、定植パネル１８と一緒に切断位置ＣＰを通過するとき、その植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分とその下側の根幹部との境界となる箇所よりも上方の部分が切断刃１５の刃先の位置を通過することになる。すなわち、植物１６は、その収穫物２１となる部分のうちで根元側の一部分５４が切断刃１５により切断される。そのため、植物１６において収穫物２１となる部分は、その根元側の一部分５４を、定植パネル１８の孔２３内に保持された苗床片１７の上面側に根幹部と共に切り離すことにより、根元寄りの箇所が切断されて葉部が散らばった所謂カット野菜の収穫物２１（１６）の形態で根２２から分離される。収穫物２１を葉部が散らばった所謂カット野菜の状態にして収穫したい場合には、このように水平距離調整機構３６により前後方向Ｘにおける載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離を図３に示す距離Ｄよりも長い所定の距離Ｄ２に調整することが好ましい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when the horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36 adjusts the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X to a predetermined distance D2 longer than the distance D shown in FIG. Is as follows. In this case, when the plant 16 passes through the cutting position CP together with the planting panel 18, the portion above the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 and the lower root portion thereof is It will pass through the position of the cutting edge of the cutting blade 15. That is, in the plant 16, a part 54 on the root side of the portion to be the harvested product 21 is cut by the cutting blade 15. Therefore, the portion of the plant 16 that becomes the harvest 21 is a portion closer to the root by separating a part 54 on the root side thereof together with the root portion on the upper surface side of the nursery piece 17 held in the hole 23 of the planting panel 18. Is separated from the root 22 in the form of a so-called harvest of cut vegetables 21 (16) in which the leaves are scattered. When it is desired to harvest the harvested product 21 in the state of so-called cut vegetables in which the leaves are scattered, the distance between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the front-rear direction X is shown by the horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36 in this way. It is preferable to adjust to a predetermined distance D2 which is longer than the distance D shown in 3.
さらに、図６に示すように、定植パネル１８に保持された苗床片１７で生育した植物１６の種類が、例えばホウレンソウ等のように収穫物２１となる葉部の下方に連なる茎部が細長いものである場合、前下がりとなる載置面２６の勾配角度が大きいと、茎部が重力の作用で傾倒してしまい、切断刃１５で切断し難くなることもある。そこで、こうした場合には、勾配角度調整機構４２により載置面２６の勾配角度が図１に示す勾配角度θよりも小さな勾配角度θ１となるように載置面形成部材２５を揺動させることにより、植物１６がホウレンソウ等である場合にも茎部が重力の作用で傾倒してしまうことが抑制される。 Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the type of the plant 16 grown on the nursery piece 17 held by the planting panel 18 is an elongated stem portion extending below the leaf portion to be the harvested product 21, such as spinach. In this case, if the inclination angle of the mounting surface 26, which is lowered forward, is large, the stem portion is tilted by the action of gravity, and it may be difficult to cut with the cutting blade 15. Therefore, in such a case, the mounting surface forming member 25 is swung by the gradient angle adjusting mechanism 42 so that the gradient angle of the mounting surface 26 becomes a gradient angle θ1 smaller than the gradient angle θ shown in FIG. Even when the plant 16 is spinach or the like, it is possible to prevent the stem from tilting due to the action of gravity.
上記の実施形態によれば、以下のような効果を得ることができる。
（１）定植パネル１８を切断位置ＣＰまで上流側から搬送する搬送機構２０は、例えば回転駆動されるベルト等からなる駆動系を用いることなく、斜状の載置面２６に沿って定植パネル１８を切断位置ＣＰまで重力の作用で移動させる載置面形成部材２５を用いて構成されている。そのため、切断位置ＣＰよりも上流側の搬送機構２０の構成の複雑化を抑制できる。
According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The transport mechanism 20 that transports the planting panel 18 to the cutting position CP from the upstream side is the planting panel 18 along the oblique mounting surface 26 without using a drive system including, for example, a rotationally driven belt. Is configured by using a mounting surface forming member 25 that moves the belt to the cutting position CP by the action of gravity. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the complexity of the configuration of the transport mechanism 20 on the upstream side of the cutting position CP.
（２）水平方向での載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との距離Ｄ，Ｄ１，Ｄ２を調整すれば、苗床片１７で生育した植物１６において切断位置ＣＰを通過する際に切断刃１５を用いた切断により根２２から分離されて収穫される収穫物２１の最終形態にバラエティを持たすことができる。 (2) If the distances D, D1 and D2 between the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 in the horizontal direction are adjusted, the cutting blade 15 when passing through the cutting position CP in the plant 16 grown on the nursery piece 17. It is possible to have variety in the final form of the harvest 21 which is separated from the root 22 and harvested by cutting with.
（３）定植パネル１８に保持された苗床片１７で生育した植物１６の種類が例えばホウレンソウ等のように定植パネル１８の傾きを相対的に大きくすると当該植物１６の上端側が重力の作用で傾倒し易いものである場合には、載置面形成部材２５を載置面２６の勾配が緩くなる方向に揺動させることにより、そのような植物１６の傾倒を抑制できる。 (3) When the type of the plant 16 grown on the nursery piece 17 held by the planting panel 18 has a relatively large inclination of the planting panel 18 such as spinach, the upper end side of the plant 16 is inclined by the action of gravity. If it is easy to use, the tilting of the plant 16 can be suppressed by swinging the mounting surface forming member 25 in a direction in which the slope of the mounting surface 26 becomes gentle.
（４）定植パネル１８が例えば中間載置部材２８がなくて両側載置部材２７だけの載置面形成部材２５により左右方向Ｙの両端部だけを載置された場合には、定植パネル１８における左右方向Ｙの中間部分が重力の作用で撓んでしまう虞があるところ、中間載置部材２８を有しているため、そのような撓みの発生を抑制できる。 (4) When the planting panel 18 is mounted on only both ends in the left-right direction Y by the mounting surface forming member 25 having only the mounting members 27 on both sides without the intermediate mounting member 28, for example, the planting panel 18 is used. Where the intermediate portion in the left-right direction Y may be bent by the action of gravity, since the intermediate mounting member 28 is provided, the occurrence of such bending can be suppressed.
（５）定植パネル１８を載置して回転自在な複数のローラー２９により斜状の載置面２６が形成されることになるため、載置面２６との摩擦抵抗を極力なくして定植パネル１８を切断位置ＣＰに向けて滑らかに移動させることができる。 (5) Since the oblique mounting surface 26 is formed by a plurality of rotatable rollers 29 on which the planting panel 18 is mounted, the planting panel 18 is minimized from frictional resistance with the mounting surface 26. Can be smoothly moved toward the cutting position CP.
なお、上記実施形態は、以下のように変更してもよい。また、以下の変更例は、適宜組み合わせてもよい。
・両側載置部材２７の内面側に複数のローラー２９を支持することなく、両側載置部材２７の斜状の上面を載置面２６とし、その上面に載置した定植パネル１８を重力の作用で搬送経路１９の上流側から下流側に搬送する構成としてもよい。
The above embodiment may be changed as follows. In addition, the following modification examples may be combined as appropriate.
-Without supporting a plurality of rollers 29 on the inner surface side of the both side mounting members 27, the oblique upper surface of the both side mounting members 27 is used as the mounting surface 26, and the planting panel 18 mounted on the upper surface is acted by gravity. It may be configured to transport from the upstream side to the downstream side of the transport path 19.
・中間載置部材２８の長手方向に複数のローラーを等間隔おきで回動自在に支持し、各ローラーの周面の各一部で形成される載置面上に定植パネル１８の左右方向Ｙの中間部分を載置させる構成としてもよい。 A plurality of rollers are rotatably supported in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate mounting member 28 at equal intervals, and the planting panel 18 is placed on the mounting surface formed by each part of the peripheral surface of each roller in the left-right direction Y. It may be configured to place the intermediate portion of the above.
・中間載置部材２８は、１つでも、３つ以外の複数でも、又は、省略されてもよい。
・勾配角度調整機構４２は、ナット部材３９の雌ねじ孔３８に雄ねじ棒部材４０を螺合させた実施形態の構成に限らない。例えば載置面形成部材２５の基端部に支軸２４を中心に回動する歯車を一体化し、その歯車をモーター等の駆動力で回動させることにより載置面形成部材２５を揺動させる構成など、他の機構からなる構成としてもよい。
-The intermediate mounting member 28 may be one, a plurality of members other than three, or may be omitted.
The gradient angle adjusting mechanism 42 is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment in which the male screw rod member 40 is screwed into the female screw hole 38 of the nut member 39. For example, a gear that rotates around a support shaft 24 is integrated with the base end of the mounting surface forming member 25, and the mounting surface forming member 25 is swung by rotating the gear with a driving force of a motor or the like. The configuration may be composed of other mechanisms such as the configuration.
・水平距離調整機構３６は、可動支柱である第２支柱１３の雌ねじ孔３３に固定支柱である第１支柱１２の軸受け部３２に先端部を回動自在に支持された雄ねじ棒部材３４を螺合させた実施形態の構成に限らない。例えば第１支柱１２と第２支柱１３との間に架設した伸縮シリンダを伸縮させることにより第１支柱１２と第２支柱１３とを相対移動させ、載置面形成部材２５と切断刃１５との水平方向での距離を調整する構成など、他の機構からなる構成としてもよい。 The horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36 screwed a male screw rod member 34 whose tip portion is rotatably supported by a bearing portion 32 of the first strut 12 which is a fixed strut in the female screw hole 33 of the second strut 13 which is a movable strut. It is not limited to the configuration of the combined embodiment. For example, by expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder erected between the first strut 12 and the second strut 13, the first strut 12 and the second strut 13 are relatively moved, and the mounting surface forming member 25 and the cutting blade 15 are brought into contact with each other. A configuration consisting of other mechanisms, such as a configuration for adjusting the distance in the horizontal direction, may be used.
・水平距離調整機構３６及び勾配角度調整機構４２は、それらの少なくとも一方が省略された構成でもよい。
・第１支柱１２及び第２支柱１３は、実施形態の場合とは逆に第１支柱１２が可動支柱で第２支柱１３が固定支柱であってもよく、又は、第１支柱１２及び第２支柱１３の両方が共に可動支柱であっても、両方が共に固定支柱であってもよい。
The horizontal distance adjusting mechanism 36 and the gradient angle adjusting mechanism 42 may have a configuration in which at least one of them is omitted.
As for the first strut 12 and the second strut 13, contrary to the case of the embodiment, the first strut 12 may be a movable strut and the second strut 13 may be a fixed strut, or the first strut 12 and the second strut 12 and the second strut 13 Both of the columns 13 may be movable columns, or both may be fixed columns.
・切断位置ＣＰに設けられる切断刃１５は、切断位置ＣＰに移動不能に固定される構成でも、その切断位置ＣＰで回転又は往復移動して切断動作する構成でもよい。
・切断位置ＣＰを通過するときの定植パネル１８の上面と切断刃１５の刃先との上下方向の位置関係を調整するためには、第１支柱１２に対して切断刃１５を上下方向への移動自在に支持する構成としてもよい。
The cutting blade 15 provided at the cutting position CP may be fixed immovably at the cutting position CP, or may rotate or reciprocate at the cutting position CP to perform a cutting operation.
-In order to adjust the vertical positional relationship between the upper surface of the planting panel 18 and the cutting edge of the cutting blade 15 when passing through the cutting position CP, the cutting blade 15 is moved in the vertical direction with respect to the first support column 12. It may be configured to support freely.
・載置面形成部材２５の斜状の載置面２６上に載置した定植パネル１８を搬送経路１９の上流側から下流側の切断位置ＣＰまで搬送するとき、その定植パネル１８には、重力の作用に加えて、例えば作業者が定植パネル１８に手を添えて下流側に押したり又は引いたりすることで作用する付勢力を及ぼしてもよい。 When the planting panel 18 mounted on the oblique mounting surface 26 of the mounting surface forming member 25 is transported from the upstream side to the downstream side cutting position CP of the transport path 19, gravity is applied to the planting panel 18. In addition to the action of, for example, an operator may exert an urging force acting by putting a hand on the planting panel 18 and pushing or pulling it downstream.
１１…根切り収穫機、１５…切断刃、１６…植物、１７…苗床片、１８…定植パネル（苗床片保持部材の一例）、１９…搬送経路、２０…搬送機構、２１…収穫物、２２…根、２５…載置面形成部材、２６…載置面、２７…両側載置部材、２８…中間載置部材、２９…ローラー、ＣＰ…切断位置、Ｄ，Ｄ１，Ｄ２…距離、Ｘ…前後方向、Ｙ…左右方向。 11 ... root cutting harvester, 15 ... cutting blade, 16 ... plant, 17 ... nursery piece, 18 ... planting panel (example of nursery piece holding member), 19 ... transport path, 20 ... transport mechanism, 21 ... harvest, 22 ... root, 25 ... mounting surface forming member, 26 ... mounting surface, 27 ... both sides mounting member, 28 ... intermediate mounting member, 29 ... roller, CP ... cutting position, D, D1, D2 ... distance, X ... Front-back direction, Y ... Left-right direction.
Claims (5)
前記苗床片保持部材を前記搬送経路の前記切断位置まで上流側から搬送可能な搬送機構を備え、
前記搬送機構は、前記苗床片保持部材を載置可能な載置面を有する載置面形成部材を含み、
前記載置面形成部材は、前記載置面が前記切断位置の位置する方向に向けて前下がりの勾配となる姿勢で配置され、前記載置面上に前記苗床片保持部材が載置された場合には、前記苗床片保持部材を、前記載置面に沿って斜め上方から斜め下方に移動させ、その移動途中に前記切断位置を上流側から下流側に通過させるように構成されていることを特徴とする根切り収穫機。 The nursery piece holding member that holds the nursery piece on which the plant grows by locating the portion to be harvested by the plant on the upper surface side of the nursery piece, sets the cutting position provided with the cutting blade in the transport path from the upstream side. A root-cutting harvester in which the part of the plant grown on the nursery piece that becomes the harvested portion and the root are cut by the cutting blade when passing downstream.
A transport mechanism capable of transporting the nursery piece holding member from the upstream side to the cutting position of the transport path is provided.
The transport mechanism includes a mounting surface forming member having a mounting surface on which the nursery piece holding member can be mounted.
The above-mentioned mounting surface forming member was arranged in a posture in which the previously described placing surface had a downward slope toward the position of the cutting position, and the nursery bed piece holding member was placed on the previously described placing surface. In the case, the nursery bed piece holding member is configured to be moved diagonally upward to diagonally downward along the above-mentioned mounting surface, and the cutting position is passed from the upstream side to the downstream side during the movement. A root-cutting harvester featuring.
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