JP2020076280A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Construction machine Download PDF

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JP2020076280A
JP2020076280A JP2018211304A JP2018211304A JP2020076280A JP 2020076280 A JP2020076280 A JP 2020076280A JP 2018211304 A JP2018211304 A JP 2018211304A JP 2018211304 A JP2018211304 A JP 2018211304A JP 2020076280 A JP2020076280 A JP 2020076280A
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Prior art keywords
engine room
housing
engine
motor
electric motor
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JP2018211304A
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JP7027296B2 (en
Inventor
愼吾 江口
Shingo Eguchi
愼吾 江口
健佑 金田
Kensuke Kaneda
健佑 金田
圭史 山中
Keiji Yamanaka
圭史 山中
和宏 藤生
Kazuhiro Fujio
和宏 藤生
辰雄 山崎
Tatsuo Yamazaki
辰雄 山崎
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018211304A priority Critical patent/JP7027296B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/043851 priority patent/WO2020096039A1/en
Publication of JP2020076280A publication Critical patent/JP2020076280A/en
Priority to JP2022022154A priority patent/JP7284304B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a construction machine that includes an electric motor which can be used as a power source, and that can sufficiently cool the electric motor.SOLUTION: A hydraulic shovel 1 includes: a motor generator 48 that can be used as a power source; an engine room 47 that houses the motor generator 48; a suction tube 483a and a duct hose 55 that introduce air into a housing 483 for the motor generator 48 from outside the engine room 47 using suction force caused by a blade 481d that rotates together with a rotor shaft 481c of the motor generator 48 in the housing 483; and a discharge tube 483b that introduces air into the engine room 47 from the housing 483 using the rotation of the blade 481d.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、建設機械に関する。   The present invention relates to a construction machine.

下記特許文献１には、エンジンに連結された水冷の冷却構造を有する回転電機の冷却構造として、エンジンの後方に設けられ、且つエンジンの前方から後方に向かう気流を発生可能な冷却ファンが開示されている。   Patent Document 1 below discloses, as a cooling structure of a rotary electric machine having a water-cooling cooling structure connected to an engine, a cooling fan provided behind the engine and capable of generating an airflow from the front to the rear of the engine. ing.

下記特許文献２には、動力源としての電動機と、この電動機を制御する制御盤とを備える電動式作業機械において、制御盤本体を収容するケーシング内の熱を機械室外に放出する換気ダクトが開示されている。   Patent Document 2 below discloses a ventilation duct for discharging heat in a casing accommodating a control panel body to the outside of a machine room in an electric working machine including an electric motor as a power source and a control panel for controlling the electric motor. Has been done.

特開２０１７−２２７００１号公報JP, 2017-227001, A 特開２０１１−２２００１４号公報JP, 2011-220014, A

エンジンとモータを直結するパラレルハイブリッド方式で使用される高トルク薄型モータは、発熱により温度上昇するため、特許文献１で記載されたように外部から空冷する方法では冷却が十分でない。そこで、冷却水または冷却油によるステータの冷却に加えて、ロータに取り付けられたファンによって空気を導入し、ロータを冷却することが考えられる。しかしながら、エンジンルームといった高温環境においては、モータに導入される空気の温度が高くなるため十分な冷却効果が得られない。特許文献２は、電動式作業機械の機械室の空気がケーシング内の制御盤を冷却して機械室外に放出することから、ハイブリッド建設機械のように機関室内にエンジンが配置されている場合、エンジンの放熱により機械室の温度が上昇しているため、十分な冷却効果が得られないという問題がある。   Since a high torque thin motor used in a parallel hybrid system in which an engine and a motor are directly connected to each other has a temperature rise due to heat generation, cooling by an air cooling method from the outside as described in Patent Document 1 is not sufficient. Therefore, in addition to cooling the stator with cooling water or cooling oil, it is conceivable to introduce air by a fan attached to the rotor to cool the rotor. However, in a high temperature environment such as an engine room, the temperature of the air introduced into the motor becomes high, so a sufficient cooling effect cannot be obtained. Patent Document 2 discloses that when the air in the machine room of the electric work machine cools the control panel in the casing and discharges it outside the machine room, when the engine is arranged in the engine room like a hybrid construction machine, There is a problem that a sufficient cooling effect cannot be obtained because the temperature of the machine room rises due to the heat radiation.

そこで、本発明は上記課題に鑑み、動力源として使用可能な電動機を備える建設機械において、電動機を十分に冷却することができる建設機械を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a construction machine that includes an electric motor that can be used as a power source and that can sufficiently cool the electric motor.

本発明の建設機械は、動力源として使用可能な電動機と、
前記電動機を収容する機関室と、
前記電動機の筐体内で前記電動機の回転軸と一体となって回転するファンにより生じる吸引力によって、前記機関室の外部から前記筐体内に空気を導く吸引流路と、前記ファンの回転により前記筐体内から前記機関室内に空気を導く排出流路と、を備えるものである。 The construction machine of the present invention, an electric motor that can be used as a power source,
An engine room accommodating the electric motor,
A suction flow path that guides air from the outside of the engine room into the housing by a suction force generated by a fan that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the motor in the housing of the electric motor, and the housing by rotation of the fan. And an exhaust flow path for guiding air from the body into the engine room.

本発明によれば、機関室の外部から直接導入した空気により電動機を十分に冷却することができる。また、電動機の冷却に使用された空気は、機関室内に排出されて機関室内を冷却することができる。   According to the present invention, the electric motor can be sufficiently cooled by the air directly introduced from the outside of the engine room. Further, the air used for cooling the electric motor can be discharged into the engine room to cool the engine room.

本実施形態に係る油圧ショベルを示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the hydraulic excavator which concerns on this embodiment. エンジンルーム内の分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view in the engine room. 電動発電機の断面を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows the cross section of a motor generator typically. 吸引口周辺の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the suction port periphery.

以下に、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

［油圧ショベルの構造］
まず、図１を参照しながら、建設機械の一例としての油圧ショベル１の概略構造について説明する。 [Structure of hydraulic excavator]
First, a schematic structure of a hydraulic excavator 1 as an example of a construction machine will be described with reference to FIG.

下部走行体２は、エンジン４２等からの動力を受けて駆動し、油圧ショベル１を走行させる。下部走行体２は、左右一対のクローラ２１，２１及び左右一対の走行モータ２２，２２（図１では右走行モータ２２は図示していない）を備える。油圧モータである左右の走行モータ２２，２２が左右のクローラ２１，２１をそれぞれ駆動することで油圧ショベル１の前後進を可能としている。また、下部走行体２には、ブレード２３、及びブレード２３を上下方向に回動させるための油圧アクチュエータであるブレードシリンダ２４が設けられている。   The lower traveling body 2 receives power from the engine 42 or the like and is driven to drive the hydraulic excavator 1 to travel. The lower traveling body 2 includes a pair of left and right crawlers 21 and 21 and a pair of left and right traveling motors 22 and 22 (the right traveling motor 22 is not shown in FIG. 1). The left and right traveling motors 22, 22, which are hydraulic motors, respectively drive the left and right crawlers 21, 21 to enable the hydraulic excavator 1 to move forward and backward. Further, the lower traveling body 2 is provided with a blade 23 and a blade cylinder 24 which is a hydraulic actuator for rotating the blade 23 in the vertical direction.

作業機３は、エンジン４２からの動力を受けて駆動し、土砂等の掘削作業を行うものである。作業機３は、ブーム３１、アーム３２、及びバケット３３を備え、これらを独立して駆動することによって掘削作業を可能としている。ブーム３１、アーム３２、及びバケット３３は、それぞれ作業部に相当し、油圧ショベル１は、複数の作業部を有する。   The work machine 3 receives power from the engine 42 and is driven to perform an excavation work such as earth and sand. The work machine 3 includes a boom 31, an arm 32, and a bucket 33, and drives them independently to enable excavation work. The boom 31, the arm 32, and the bucket 33 each correspond to a working unit, and the hydraulic excavator 1 has a plurality of working units.

ブーム３１は、基端部が上部旋回体４の前部に支持されて、伸縮自在に可動するブームシリンダ３１ａによって回動される。また、アーム３２は、基端部がブーム３１の先端部に支持されて、伸縮自在に可動するアームシリンダ３２ａによって回動される。そして、バケット３３は、基端部がアーム３２の先端部に支持されて、伸縮自在に可動するバケットシリンダ３３ａによって回動される。ブームシリンダ３１ａ、アームシリンダ３２ａ、及びバケットシリンダ３３ａは、作業部を駆動する油圧アクチュエータに相当する。   The boom 31 has its base end supported by the front of the upper swing body 4 and is rotated by a boom cylinder 31a that is movable in an extendable and contractible manner. The arm 32 has a base end supported by the tip of the boom 31 and is rotated by an arm cylinder 32a that is movable in a telescopic manner. The bucket 33 has its base end supported by the tip of the arm 32, and is rotated by a bucket cylinder 33a that is movable in an expandable and contractible manner. The boom cylinder 31a, the arm cylinder 32a, and the bucket cylinder 33a correspond to hydraulic actuators that drive the working unit.

バケット３３は、作業機３の先端に設けられ、掘削作業を行うためのツメを備えた容器状の部材である。バケット３３は、アーム３２の先端にピン３４を介して回動可能に取り付けられている。さらに、バケット３３は、リンク機構３５を介してバケットシリンダ３３ａと連結されている。   The bucket 33 is a container-like member that is provided at the tip of the work machine 3 and has a claw for performing excavation work. The bucket 33 is rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 32 via a pin 34. Further, the bucket 33 is connected to the bucket cylinder 33a via a link mechanism 35.

上部旋回体４は、その中央部で上下方向に延びる軸線回りに下部走行体２に対して旋回可能に構成されている。上部旋回体４には、操縦部４１、エンジン４２、旋回モータ４３等が配設されている。油圧モータである旋回モータ４３の駆動力で上部旋回体４が旋回ベアリングを介して旋回する。   The upper revolving structure 4 is configured to be revolvable with respect to the lower traveling structure 2 around an axis extending in the vertical direction at the center thereof. A control unit 41, an engine 42, a turning motor 43, and the like are arranged on the upper-part turning body 4. The upper revolving structure 4 revolves through the revolving bearing by the driving force of the revolving motor 43 which is a hydraulic motor.

操縦部４１には、操縦席４１１が配置されている。操縦席４１１の左右に一対の作業操作レバー４１２，４１２、前方に一対の走行レバー４１３，４１３が配置されている。作業者は、操縦席４１１に着座して作業操作レバー４１２，４１２、走行レバー４１３，４１３等を操作することによって、エンジン４２、各油圧モータ、各油圧アクチュエータ等の制御を行い、走行、旋回、作業等を行うことができる。   A pilot seat 411 is arranged in the pilot section 41. A pair of work operation levers 412 and 412 are arranged on the left and right of the cockpit 411, and a pair of travel levers 413 and 413 are arranged on the front side. The operator sits on the cockpit 411 and operates the work operation levers 412, 412, the travel levers 413, 413, etc. to control the engine 42, each hydraulic motor, each hydraulic actuator, etc. to travel, turn, Can perform work, etc.

上部旋回体４の後端部には、ボンネット４４とカウンタウェイト４５が上下に配設されている。カウンタウェイト４５は、上部旋回体４の後端部に立設され、エンジン４２を覆う。ボンネット４４は、カウンタウェイト４５の上端部から上方へ延びて操縦部４１の後壁下端部に達し、カウンタウェイト４５とともにエンジン４２を覆っている。上部旋回体４の後端部は、平面視で円弧状に形成されており、ボンネット４４とカウンタウェイト４５は、上部旋回体４の後端部に沿わせて湾曲して形成されている。   A bonnet 44 and a counterweight 45 are vertically arranged at the rear end of the upper swing body 4. The counterweight 45 is erected at the rear end of the upper swing body 4 and covers the engine 42. The bonnet 44 extends upward from the upper end of the counterweight 45, reaches the lower end of the rear wall of the control unit 41, and covers the engine 42 together with the counterweight 45. The rear end of the upper revolving structure 4 is formed in an arc shape in a plan view, and the bonnet 44 and the counterweight 45 are curved along the rear end of the upper revolving structure 4.

上部旋回体４の底部は、旋回フレーム５０で構成され、旋回フレーム５０上にエンジン４２、不図示のバッテリ、燃料タンク等が載置される。   The bottom of the upper revolving structure 4 is composed of a revolving frame 50, and the engine 42, a battery (not shown), a fuel tank, etc. are mounted on the revolving frame 50.

旋回フレーム５０は、平板状の底板５１と、第１縦板５２及び第２縦板３３とを備えている。底板５１は、平面視において前端部が左右方向に切り取られた円形をしている。第１縦板５２及び第２縦板５３は、底板５１上に左右に間隔をあけて位置し、前後方向に延びるように立設されている。第１縦板５２は、旋回フレーム５０の左右中央よりも左側に配置され、第２縦板５３は、旋回フレーム５０の左右中央よりも右側に配置されている。第１縦板５２と第２縦板５３の間の底板５１には、スイベルジョイントを挿入するためのジョイント開口部５１ａや旋回モータ４３を取り付けるためのモータ開口部５１ｂが設けられている。また、底板５１には、排水用、メンテナンス用のその他複数の開口が形成されている。   The swivel frame 50 includes a flat bottom plate 51, a first vertical plate 52, and a second vertical plate 33. The bottom plate 51 has a circular shape with its front end cut out in the left-right direction in a plan view. The first vertical plate 52 and the second vertical plate 53 are positioned on the bottom plate 51 with a space left and right, and are erected so as to extend in the front-rear direction. The first vertical plate 52 is arranged on the left side of the left-right center of the revolving frame 50, and the second vertical plate 53 is arranged on the right side of the left-right center of the revolving frame 50. The bottom plate 51 between the first vertical plate 52 and the second vertical plate 53 is provided with a joint opening 51a for inserting a swivel joint and a motor opening 51b for attaching the turning motor 43. Further, the bottom plate 51 is formed with a plurality of other openings for drainage and maintenance.

第１縦板５２及び第２縦板５３は、その下縁が底板５１の上面に溶接されている。第１縦板５２の前端部及び第２縦板５３の前端部は、底板５１よりも前方に突出し、取付部５４の一部を構成している。取付部５４には、ブーム３１の基端部がブームブラケット３１ｂを介して取り付けられる。   The lower edges of the first vertical plate 52 and the second vertical plate 53 are welded to the upper surface of the bottom plate 51. The front end portion of the first vertical plate 52 and the front end portion of the second vertical plate 53 protrude forward of the bottom plate 51 and form a part of the mounting portion 54. The base end portion of the boom 31 is attached to the attachment portion 54 via the boom bracket 31b.

旋回フレーム５０の上方には、操縦席４１１が固定されるシートマウント４６（図１参照）が配設されている。旋回フレーム５０、ボンネット４４、カウンタウェイト４５、シートマウント４６等によって区画された空間をエンジンルーム４７（機関室に相当）と称する。   A seat mount 46 (see FIG. 1) to which the cockpit 411 is fixed is disposed above the revolving frame 50. A space defined by the swivel frame 50, the hood 44, the counterweight 45, the seat mount 46, etc. is referred to as an engine room 47 (corresponding to an engine room).

エンジンルーム４７には、エンジン４２により駆動される電動発電機４８（電動機の一例）及び油圧ポンプ４９が配設される。油圧ポンプ４９は、エンジン４２によって駆動され、作動油を吐出する。油圧ポンプ４９から吐出された作動油は、ブームシリンダ３１ａ、アームシリンダ３２ａ、バケットシリンダ３３ａ、旋回モータ４３、ブレードシリンダ２４、走行モータ２２，２２等に供給される。   In the engine room 47, a motor generator 48 (an example of an electric motor) driven by the engine 42 and a hydraulic pump 49 are arranged. The hydraulic pump 49 is driven by the engine 42 and discharges hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 49 is supplied to the boom cylinder 31a, the arm cylinder 32a, the bucket cylinder 33a, the swing motor 43, the blade cylinder 24, the traveling motors 22, 22, and the like.

電動発電機４８は、エンジン４２のクランクシャフトの一端側に連結されている。電動発電機４８は、モータジェネレータとも呼ばれ、回生時には発電機として作動し、かつエンジン４２の駆動トルクをアシストする必要がある時には電動機として作動する。電動発電機４８には、油圧ポンプ４９が接続されている。   The motor generator 48 is connected to one end side of the crankshaft of the engine 42. The motor generator 48, which is also called a motor generator, operates as a generator during regeneration and operates as an electric motor when it is necessary to assist the driving torque of the engine 42. A hydraulic pump 49 is connected to the motor generator 48.

図３は、電動発電機４８の断面を模式的示した図である。電動発電機４８は、ロータ４８１と、ステータ４８２と、ハウジング４８３（筐体に相当）とを備えている。   FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the motor generator 48. The motor generator 48 includes a rotor 481, a stator 482, and a housing 483 (corresponding to a housing).

ロータ４８１は、ロータコア４８１ａに複数の磁石４８１ｂを埋め込んだものある。ロータコア４８１ａは、２枚の円盤状部材で構成され、２枚の円盤状部材の間にステータ４８２が配置されている。磁石４８１ｂは、ロータコア４８１ａのうちステータ４８２に対向する面に配置される。ロータコア４８１ａの中心には、ロータ軸４８１ｃが貫通されており、ロータコア４８１ａとロータ軸４８１ｃは、ロータコア４８１ａに設けられた穴スプラインと、ロータ軸４８１ｃに設けられた軸スプラインとでスプライン結合されている。磁石４８１ｂは、ステータ４８２に巻回された不図示のコイルに所定の通電を行うことで発生する磁界によりトルクを発生し、ロータコア４８１ａと一体としてロータ軸４８１ｃを回転させる。   The rotor 481 has a plurality of magnets 481b embedded in a rotor core 481a. The rotor core 481a is composed of two disk-shaped members, and the stator 482 is arranged between the two disk-shaped members. The magnet 481b is arranged on the surface of the rotor core 481a facing the stator 482. A rotor shaft 481c penetrates through the center of the rotor core 481a, and the rotor core 481a and the rotor shaft 481c are spline-coupled with a hole spline provided on the rotor core 481a and a shaft spline provided on the rotor shaft 481c. .. The magnet 481b generates torque by a magnetic field generated by applying a predetermined current to a coil (not shown) wound around the stator 482, and rotates the rotor shaft 481c integrally with the rotor core 481a.

ステータ４８２は、円環状のステータコアと、ステータコアに巻回されたコイルとを備えている。ステータ４８２は、不図示の冷却装置により冷却水又は冷却油で冷却される。ロータ４８１は、ステータ４８２の内周面に回転自在に支持されている。   The stator 482 includes an annular stator core and a coil wound around the stator core. The stator 482 is cooled with cooling water or cooling oil by a cooling device (not shown). The rotor 481 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface of the stator 482.

ハウジング４８３は、ステータ４８２を固定する。ハウジング４８３は、ロータ４８１とステータ４８２を両者の間に隙間をあけて収納する。ロータコア４８１ａの回転軸方向の両端部は、円筒状をしており、その円筒状の両端部は、ハウジング４８３に設けられたダストシール４８３ｄと外周で接触している。   The housing 483 fixes the stator 482. The housing 483 accommodates the rotor 481 and the stator 482 with a gap between them. Both ends of the rotor core 481a in the rotation axis direction have a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the cylindrical shape are in contact with a dust seal 483d provided in the housing 483 on the outer circumference.

また、ロータ４８１には、複数のブレード４８１ｄが設けられている。複数のブレード４８１ｄは、ロータコア４８１ａの周方向に並べて配置されており、ロータコア４８１ａと一体としてファンを構成する。複数のブレード４８１ｄは、回転することで、吸引管４８３ａからハウジング４８３内に空気を吸引し、排出管４８３ｂからハウジング４８３内の空気を排出する。吸引管４８３ａには、ダクトホース５５の一端部５５ａ（図２を参照）が接続され、吸引流路を構成する。排出管４８３ｂは、エンジンルーム４７に開放され、排出流路を構成する。吸引管４８３ａと排出管４８３ｂは、ステータ４８２で区画されたハウジング４８３の左右の内部空間にそれぞれ設けられている。複数のブレード４８１ｄは、ロータコア４８１ａのうち左側の内部空間に配置された円盤状部材に設けられており、これにより、ブレード４８１ｄを吸引管４８３ａに近接配置して、配管ロスの低減、及び吸引する空気量の増加を図ることができる。また、ハウジング４８３には、左右の内部空間を連通させる連通管４８３ｃが設けられており、冷却用の空気が左側の内部空間から右側の内部空間へと流れるようになっている。   Further, the rotor 481 is provided with a plurality of blades 481d. The plurality of blades 481d are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 481a, and constitute a fan integrally with the rotor core 481a. By rotating the plurality of blades 481d, air is sucked into the housing 483 from the suction pipe 483a and discharged from the exhaust pipe 483b. One end 55a of the duct hose 55 (see FIG. 2) is connected to the suction pipe 483a to form a suction flow path. The exhaust pipe 483b is opened to the engine room 47 and constitutes an exhaust flow path. The suction pipe 483a and the discharge pipe 483b are respectively provided in the left and right internal spaces of the housing 483 partitioned by the stator 482. The plurality of blades 481d are provided on a disk-shaped member of the rotor core 481a that is arranged in the left internal space, whereby the blades 481d are arranged in the vicinity of the suction pipe 483a to reduce pipe loss and suction. The amount of air can be increased. Further, the housing 483 is provided with a communication pipe 483c that communicates the left and right internal spaces, and the cooling air flows from the left internal space to the right internal space.

ダクトホース５５の他端部５５ｂは、旋回フレーム５０の底板５１に穿設された吸引口５６ａと接続され、エンジンルーム４７の外部と連通する。これにより、吸引口５６ａ及びダクトホース５５を介してエンジンルーム４７の外部からハウジング４８３内に空気を導くことができる。また、吸引口５６ａがエンジンルーム４７の下面に設けられているため、吸引口５６ａから雨水がハウジング４８３内に侵入することを防止できる。   The other end 55b of the duct hose 55 is connected to a suction port 56a formed in the bottom plate 51 of the swivel frame 50 and communicates with the outside of the engine room 47. As a result, air can be introduced into the housing 483 from the outside of the engine room 47 via the suction port 56a and the duct hose 55. Further, since the suction port 56a is provided on the lower surface of the engine room 47, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the housing 483 through the suction port 56a.

吸引口５６ａは、底板５１の開口５１ｃを塞ぐカバー５６に形成されている。カバー５６は、不図示のボルトにより開口５１ｃの周縁部に固定される。吸引口５６ａの周縁には、パイプ５６ｂが上方へ向かって突設されている。ダクトホース５５の他端部５５ｂは、ホースバンド５５ｃによってパイプ５６ｂに固定される。また、パイプ５６ｂの周囲には、４個のナット５６ｃが溶接されている。   The suction port 56a is formed in the cover 56 that closes the opening 51c of the bottom plate 51. The cover 56 is fixed to the peripheral portion of the opening 51c with a bolt (not shown). A pipe 56b is provided on the periphery of the suction port 56a so as to project upward. The other end 55b of the duct hose 55 is fixed to the pipe 56b by a hose band 55c. Further, four nuts 56c are welded around the pipe 56b.

吸引口５６ａには、フィルタ５７が装着される。フィルタ５７は、吸引口５６ａからの異物の侵入を防止する。フィルタ５７には、カバー５６のナット５６ｃに対応する位置に第１貫通孔５７ａが形成されている。   A filter 57 is attached to the suction port 56a. The filter 57 prevents foreign matter from entering through the suction port 56a. The filter 57 has a first through hole 57a formed at a position corresponding to the nut 56c of the cover 56.

フィルタ５７は、枠状の固定部材５８によって固定される。固定部材５８の中央部には、吸引口５６ａに対応する位置に空気導入口５８ａが形成されている。また、空気導入口５８ａの周囲には、カバー５６のナット５６ｃに対応する位置に第２貫通孔５８ｂが形成されている。   The filter 57 is fixed by a frame-shaped fixing member 58. An air introduction port 58a is formed at a position corresponding to the suction port 56a in the central portion of the fixing member 58. Further, a second through hole 58b is formed around the air introduction port 58a at a position corresponding to the nut 56c of the cover 56.

フィルタ５７及び固定部材５８は、固定ボルト５９によってカバー５６に対して固定される。これにより、フィルタ５７は、エンジンルーム４７の下方から吸引口５６ａの周縁部に固定部材５８によって固定される。この構成によれば、エンジンルーム４７の外部からフィルタ５７を交換することができるため、メンテナンスが容易である。   The filter 57 and the fixing member 58 are fixed to the cover 56 by fixing bolts 59. As a result, the filter 57 is fixed to the peripheral portion of the suction port 56a from below the engine room 47 by the fixing member 58. According to this configuration, the filter 57 can be replaced from the outside of the engine room 47, which facilitates maintenance.

上記の構成によれば、電動発電機４８のロータ軸４８１ｃと一体となって回転するファンにより生じる吸引力によって、吸引管４８３ａ及びダクトホース５５を介してエンジンルーム４７の外部からハウジング４８３内に空気を導くことができ、一方、ファンの回転によりハウジング４８３内から排出管４８３ｂを介してエンジンルーム４７内に空気を導くことができる。その結果、エンジンルーム４７の外部から直接導入した空気により電動発電機４８を十分に冷却することができる。よって、エンジン４２の発熱による高温環境においても、電動発電機４８を適切に冷却することができる。また、電動発電機４８の冷却に使用された空気は、エンジンルーム４７内に排出されてエンジンルーム４７の内部を冷却することができる。   According to the above configuration, the suction force generated by the fan that rotates integrally with the rotor shaft 481c of the motor generator 48 causes air to flow from the outside of the engine room 47 into the housing 483 via the suction pipe 483a and the duct hose 55. On the other hand, it is possible to guide air from the inside of the housing 483 into the engine room 47 through the exhaust pipe 483b by the rotation of the fan. As a result, the motor generator 48 can be sufficiently cooled by the air directly introduced from the outside of the engine room 47. Therefore, the motor generator 48 can be appropriately cooled even in a high temperature environment due to heat generation of the engine 42. Further, the air used for cooling the motor generator 48 can be discharged into the engine room 47 to cool the inside of the engine room 47.

［他の実施形態］
前述の実施形態では、電動機の一例として、ハイブリッド式の油圧ショベル１で用いられる電動発電機４８を示したが、電動式の油圧ショベルで動力源として用いられる電動モータでもよい。 [Other Embodiments]
In the above embodiment, the motor generator 48 used in the hybrid hydraulic excavator 1 is shown as an example of the electric motor, but an electric motor used as a power source in the electric hydraulic excavator may be used.

以上、本発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明したが、具体的な構成は、これらの実施形態に限定されるものでないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上記した実施形態の説明だけではなく特許請求の範囲によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれる。   Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, it should be considered that the specific configurations are not limited to these embodiments. The scope of the present invention is shown not only by the above description of the embodiments but also by the claims, and further includes meanings equivalent to the claims and all modifications within the scope.

１ 油圧ショベル
２ 下部走行体
３ 作業機
４ 上部旋回体
４２ エンジン
４７ エンジンルーム
４８ 電動発電機
４８１ ロータ
４８１ｃ ロータ軸
４８１ｄ ブレード
４８２ ステータ
４８３ ハウジング
５０ 旋回フレーム
５５ ダクトホース
５６ａ 吸引口
５７ フィルタ
５８ 固定部材



1 Hydraulic Excavator 2 Lower Traveling Body 3 Working Machine 4 Upper Revolving Body 42 Engine 47 Engine Room 48 Motor Generator 481 Rotor 481c Rotor Shaft 481d Blade 482 Stator 483 Housing 50 Revolving Frame 55 Duct Hose 56a Suction Port 57 Filter 58 Fixing Member



Claims (4)

動力源として使用可能な電動機と、
前記電動機を収容する機関室と、
前記電動機の筐体内で前記電動機の回転軸と一体となって回転するファンにより生じる吸引力によって、前記機関室の外部から前記筐体内に空気を導く吸引流路と、前記ファンの回転により前記筐体内から前記機関室内に空気を導く排出流路と、を備える、建設機械。 An electric motor that can be used as a power source,
An engine room accommodating the electric motor,
A suction flow path that guides air from the outside of the engine room into the housing by a suction force generated by a fan that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the motor in the housing of the electric motor, and the housing by rotation of the fan. A construction machine, comprising: an exhaust flow path that guides air from a body into the engine room. エンジンをさらに備え、
前記電動機が、前記エンジンの駆動軸に連結されている電動発電機である、請求項１に記載の建設機械。 Further equipped with an engine,
The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is a motor generator connected to a drive shaft of the engine. 前記機関室の下面に穿設され、前記吸引流路と連通する吸引口を備える、請求項１又は２に記載の建設機械。   The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a suction port formed in a lower surface of the engine room, the suction port communicating with the suction flow path. 前記吸引口に装着されるフィルタと、前記フィルタを前記機関室の下方から前記吸引口の周縁部に固定する固定部材と、を備える、請求項３に記載の建設機械。




The construction machine according to claim 3, further comprising: a filter attached to the suction port; and a fixing member that fixes the filter to a peripheral portion of the suction port from below the engine room.




JP2018211304A 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 Construction machinery Active JP7027296B2 (en)

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JP2007037262A (en) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Rotating electric machine with integrated inverter
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