JP2020019122A - Gripping mechanism - Google Patents

Gripping mechanism Download PDF

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JP2020019122A
JP2020019122A JP2018146606A JP2018146606A JP2020019122A JP 2020019122 A JP2020019122 A JP 2020019122A JP 2018146606 A JP2018146606 A JP 2018146606A JP 2018146606 A JP2018146606 A JP 2018146606A JP 2020019122 A JP2020019122 A JP 2020019122A
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receiving
article
receiving member
gripping
members
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JP7081384B2 (en
Inventor
立川 裕之
Hiroyuki Tachikawa
裕之 立川
泰仁 田中
Yasuhito Tanaka
泰仁 田中
神内 直寛
Naohiro Jinnai
直寛 神内
佑毅 茶薗
Yuki Chazono
佑毅 茶薗
達也 土井
Tatsuya Doi
達也 土井
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a gripping mechanism, that is configured so as to reduce operation time of gripping parts and allow the parts to stably grip an article adsorbed by the parts while preventing the article from dropping.SOLUTION: A gripping mechanism (1) makes an upper gripping part (10) and a lower gripping part (30) to sandwich and grip at least one article (W) in a vertical direction. The lower gripping part comprises a first receiving member (31a) and a second receiving member (31b) which supports the article from below, a rotationally displacing part (35) that rotationally displaces the first and second receiving members, and a height adjusting part (50) that displaces the second receiving member in a vertical direction. The rotationally displacing part rotationally displaces the first and second receiving members between a gripping position where the members contact a lower surface of the article and a retreat position where the members retreat from the lower surface of the article to be lined in the vertical direction. The height adjusting part makes respective receiving surfaces (31aa and 31ba) of the first and second receiving members to be arranged on an approximately same surface, at the gripping position, and differentiates the heights of the members from each other so that the members can be rotationally displaced simultaneously, when the first and second receiving members are rotationally displaced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、把持機構に関し、特に、物品を把持して搬送するために用いる把持機構に関する。   The present invention relates to a gripping mechanism, and more particularly to a gripping mechanism used for gripping and transporting an article.

従来、種々の物品を搬送するため、例えば、特許文献1に開示される搬送装置が提案されている。特許文献1の搬送装置は、ロボットハンドの先端に吸着パッドを備えて構成される。かかる搬送装置において物品を搬送する場合、先ず、ロボットハンドを移動して吸着パッドを物品の上面に当接し、吸着パッドでの負圧によって物品の上面を吸着保持する。その後、物品を吸着保持した状態を維持しながらロボットハンドを移動して物品を所定位置まで搬送し、吸着パッドでの吸着保持を解除することで物品の搬送が完了する。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for transporting various articles, for example, a transport device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. The transfer device of Patent Document 1 is provided with a suction pad at the tip of a robot hand. When an article is transported by such a transport device, first, the robot hand is moved so that the suction pad abuts on the upper surface of the article, and the upper surface of the article is suction-held by the negative pressure of the suction pad. Thereafter, the robot hand is moved to convey the article to a predetermined position while maintaining the state in which the article is adsorbed and held, and the conveyance of the article is completed by releasing the suction holding by the suction pad.

特開平4−152088号公報JP-A-4-152888

特許文献1の搬送装置では、物品が袋や包装等によって外装されたものである場合、袋等の表面を吸着することとなる。このとき、袋等にしわや折れ曲がりが生じて吸着パッドの吸着面が外気に連通すると、吸引力が弱まった状態となり、この状態では、ロボットハンドを移動させた際の慣性力等の要因で物品を落下させてしまう、という問題がある。この問題は、物品が外装されている場合に限ったものではなく、物品の形態や材質、吸着パッドの当接面等が種々の条件に変わることで生じ得るものである。   In the transport device of Patent Document 1, when an article is packaged in a bag or packaging, the surface of the bag or the like is adsorbed. At this time, if the bag or the like is wrinkled or bent, and the suction surface of the suction pad communicates with the outside air, the suction force is weakened. In this state, the goods are lost due to factors such as inertia force when the robot hand is moved. There is a problem that it is dropped. This problem is not limited to the case where the article is externally mounted, but can be caused by changing the shape and material of the article, the contact surface of the suction pad, and the like under various conditions.

ここで、本発明者は、かかる問題を解消するため、上下に配置された把持部で物品を把持する把持機構を用いることを検討した。また、本発明者は、かかる把持機構に更なる改良を加え、上下に配置された把持部で物品を把持する動作時間を短縮でき、且つ、物品の把持姿勢を良好に安定させることができるようにした。   Here, in order to solve such a problem, the present inventor studied using a gripping mechanism that grips an article with gripping portions arranged vertically. In addition, the present inventor can further improve such a gripping mechanism, shorten the operation time of gripping an article with vertically arranged gripping portions, and stably maintain the gripping posture of the article. I made it.

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、吸着する物品の落下を防止しつつ、把持部の動作時間を短縮でき、且つ、物品を安定して把持することができる把持機構を提供することを目的の一つとする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a gripping mechanism capable of shortening the operation time of a gripping portion and stably gripping an article while preventing the article to be sucked from falling. One of the purposes.

本発明における一態様の把持機構は、鉛直方向から少なくとも1個の物品を挟み込んで把持する把持機構であって、把持する物品の上面を吸着する吸着部を有する上部把持部と、把持する物品の下面に当接する部分を有する下部把持部とを備え、前記下部把持部は、水平方向に延びて物品を受け面で下方から支える第1受け部材及び第2受け部材と、前記第1及び第2受け部材を回転変位させる回転変位部と、前記第1及び第2受け部材の少なくとも一方を上下方向に変位させる高さ調整部とを備え、前記回転変位部は、前記第1及び第2受け部材が物品の下面と当接する把持位置と、前記第1及び第2受け部材が物品の下面から退避しつつ上下方向に並ぶ退避位置との間で回転変位させ、前記高さ調整部は、前記把持位置で前記第1及び第2受け部材の各受け面を概略同一面上に配置させ、且つ、前記第1及び第2受け部材の回転変位時に、該第1及び第2受け部材の高さを相違させて同時に回転変位可能としたことを特徴とする。   The gripping mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention is a gripping mechanism that sandwiches and grips at least one article from a vertical direction, and includes an upper gripping section having an adsorption section that adsorbs an upper surface of the gripped article, A lower holding portion having a portion abutting on a lower surface, wherein the lower holding portion extends in the horizontal direction and supports the article from below on a receiving surface, and the first and second receiving members; A rotational displacement unit configured to rotationally displace a receiving member; and a height adjusting unit configured to vertically displace at least one of the first and second receiving members, wherein the rotational displacement unit includes the first and second receiving members. Is rotationally displaced between a gripping position where abuts against the lower surface of the article and a retracting position where the first and second receiving members are retracted from the lower surface of the article and are lined up and down. The first and second positions Each receiving surface of the receiving member is arranged substantially on the same plane, and when the first and second receiving members are rotationally displaced, the heights of the first and second receiving members are different so that they can be simultaneously rotationally displaced. It is characterized by having done.

本発明によれば、上方把持部と下方把持部とによって物品を上下両側から挟み込むので、吸着部での吸引力が弱まっても、挟み込み力の作用によって物品が落下することを防止することができる。また、高さ変位部が第1及び第2受け部材の高さを相違させて同時に回転変位させるので、一方の受け部材が所定角度回転してから他方の受け部材の回転を開始するような時間差を設ける必要をなくすことができる。これにより、第1及び第2受け部材における把持位置と退避位置との間での回転開始から終了まで、同じタイミングで回転変位させることができ、物品の把持や把持の解除に要する各受け部材の動作時間の短縮化を図ることができる。しかも、回転変位時に第1及び第2受け部材の高さを相違させても、高さ変位部が把持位置にて第1及び第2受け部材の受け面を概略同一面上に配置することができる。これにより、物品の底側の平面等に対し、第1及び第2受け部材のそれぞれの受け面を接触させることができ、何れか一方の受け面が物品から離れることを防止して物品を安定した姿勢で把持することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, since an article is pinched from upper and lower sides by an upper grip part and a lower grip part, even if the suction force in a suction part weakens, an article can be prevented from falling by the effect | action of a pinching force. . In addition, since the height displacing portion makes the heights of the first and second receiving members different and simultaneously performs rotational displacement, a time difference such that one receiving member rotates by a predetermined angle and then the other receiving member starts rotating. Can be eliminated. Thus, the first and second receiving members can be rotationally displaced at the same timing from the start to the end of the rotation between the holding position and the retreat position of the first and second receiving members. The operation time can be shortened. In addition, even if the heights of the first and second receiving members are made different during the rotational displacement, the receiving surfaces of the first and second receiving members can be arranged on the substantially same plane at the gripping position even if the height of the first and second receiving members is different. it can. Thereby, the respective receiving surfaces of the first and second receiving members can be brought into contact with a flat surface or the like on the bottom side of the article, and any one of the receiving faces is prevented from separating from the article to stabilize the article. Can be grasped in the posture that has been set.

実施の形態に係る把持機構を上方から見た概略斜視図である。It is the schematic perspective view which looked at the gripping mechanism concerning embodiment from above. 実施の形態に係る把持機構を下方から見た概略斜視図である。It is the schematic perspective view which looked at the gripping mechanism concerning embodiment from the lower part. 実施の形態に係る把持機構を後方から見た概略斜視図である。It is the schematic perspective view which looked at the gripping mechanism concerning embodiment from the back. 図4Aは、各受け部材を退避位置とした下部把持部の概略斜視図、図4Bは、図4Aの正面図である。FIG. 4A is a schematic perspective view of a lower grip portion with each receiving member in a retracted position, and FIG. 4B is a front view of FIG. 4A. 一部構成を省略した把持機構を上方から見た概略斜視図である。It is the schematic perspective view which looked at the gripping mechanism which omitted a part structure from the upper part. 図6A〜図6Cは、可動フックを側方からみた説明用模式図である。6A to 6C are schematic diagrams for explanation in which the movable hook is viewed from the side. 図7Aは、第2受け部材が下限位置となる高さ調整部の縦断面図、図7Bは、図7Aの状態から第2受け部材が上昇した高さ調整部の縦断面図である。FIG. 7A is a vertical cross-sectional view of the height adjusting unit in which the second receiving member is at the lower limit position, and FIG. 7B is a vertical cross-sectional view of the height adjusting unit in which the second receiving member has risen from the state of FIG. 7A. 退避位置における第1及び第2受け部材の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal section of the 1st and 2nd receiving member in a retreat position. 図9Aは、退避位置における第1及び第2受け部材の平面図、図9Bは、退避位置における第1受け部材の平面図、図9Cは、退避位置における第2受け部材の平面図である。9A is a plan view of the first and second receiving members in the retracted position, FIG. 9B is a plan view of the first receiving member in the retracted position, and FIG. 9C is a plan view of the second receiving member in the retracted position. 図10Aは各受け部材を回転変位中とした下部把持部の概略斜視図、図10Bは、図10Aの正面図である。FIG. 10A is a schematic perspective view of a lower grip portion in which each receiving member is being rotationally displaced, and FIG. 10B is a front view of FIG. 10A. 図11Aは各受け部材を回転変位中とした下部把持部の概略斜視図、図11Bは、図11Aの正面図である。FIG. 11A is a schematic perspective view of a lower grip portion when each receiving member is being rotationally displaced, and FIG. 11B is a front view of FIG. 11A. 図12Aは各受け部材を回転変位中とした下部把持部の概略斜視図、図12Bは、図12Aの正面図である。FIG. 12A is a schematic perspective view of a lower grip portion in which each receiving member is being rotationally displaced, and FIG. 12B is a front view of FIG. 12A. 図13Aは各受け部材を把持位置とした下部把持部の概略斜視図、図13Bは、図13Aの正面図である。FIG. 13A is a schematic perspective view of the lower gripping part with each receiving member held at a gripping position, and FIG. 13B is a front view of FIG. 13A. 搬出方法の位置決め工程を示す説明用背面図である。It is an explanatory back view showing a positioning process of an unloading method. 搬出方法の位置決め工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is explanatory side view which shows the positioning process of an unloading method. 搬出方法の高さ位置検出工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing a height position detecting step of the carrying-out method. 搬出方法の吸着工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing an adsorption process of a carrying-out method. 搬出方法の上昇工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing an ascending process of an unloading method. 搬出方法の下降工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing a lowering step of the carrying-out method. 搬出方法のリフト工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing a lift process of an unloading method. 搬出方法の挿入工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing an insertion process of a carrying-out method. 搬出方法の把持工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing a gripping step of the carrying-out method. 搬出方法の把持工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing a gripping step of the carrying-out method. 搬出方法の搬出工程を示す説明用側面図である。It is an explanatory side view showing an unloading process of an unloading method.

以下に、本発明の実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお、本発明は、下記の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を変更しない範囲内で適宜変形して実施することができるものである。以下の図においては、説明の便宜上、一部の構成を省略することがある。また、以下の説明において、特に明示しない限り、「上」、「下」、「左」、「右」、「前」、「後」は、各図において矢印で示した方向を基準として用いる。但し、各構成の向きは、一例にすぎず、任意の向きに変更することができる。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications without departing from the scope of the invention. In the following drawings, some components may be omitted for convenience of description. In the following description, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “front”, and “rear” are used with reference to the directions indicated by arrows in each drawing unless otherwise specified. However, the orientation of each component is merely an example, and can be changed to any orientation.

図1は、実施の形態に係る把持機構を上方から見た概略斜視図である。図2は、実施の形態に係る把持機構を下方から見た概略斜視図である。図1及び図2に示すように、把持機構1は、上部把持部10と、高さ位置検出部20と、下部把持部30と、引っ掛け部40とを備えて構成され、上部把持部10と下部把持部30とで物品Wを鉛直方向から挟み込んで把持するものである(図24参照)。   FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the gripping mechanism according to the embodiment as viewed from above. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the gripping mechanism according to the embodiment as viewed from below. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gripping mechanism 1 includes an upper gripping part 10, a height position detecting part 20, a lower gripping part 30, and a hook part 40. The article W is sandwiched and gripped by the lower grip 30 from the vertical direction (see FIG. 24).

上部把持部10は、概略長方形の板状をなして水平方向に向けられるベースプレート11と、ベースプレート11の面内中央領域にて貫通する複数(本実施の形態では8体)の吸着部12とを備えている。ベースプレート11は、本実施の形態では、長辺が前後両側に形成され、短辺が左右両側に形成される。   The upper holding part 10 includes a base plate 11 which is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape and is oriented in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of (eight in the present embodiment) suction parts 12 penetrating in the in-plane central region of the base plate 11. Have. In the present embodiment, the base plate 11 has long sides formed on both front and rear sides, and short sides formed on both left and right sides.

ベースプレート11の上面における左右両端に沿う位置には、ブラケット13、14が起立して設けられ、左側のブラケット13の方が右側のブラケット14より高さが高くなっている。右側のブラケット14の上端側から左側のブラケット13の高さ方向中間部には、水平方向に向けられた板状のロボット接続部15が連結されている。ロボット接続部15は、不図示の多関節アーム等のロボットアームや2軸或いは3軸の移動機構等に接続される部分であり、接続対象に応じて締結具等を装着するための開口や穴が形成されている。   Brackets 13 and 14 are provided upright at positions along the left and right ends on the upper surface of the base plate 11, and the height of the left bracket 13 is higher than that of the right bracket 14. A plate-like robot connecting portion 15 oriented in the horizontal direction is connected to an intermediate portion in the height direction of the left bracket 13 from the upper end of the right bracket 14. The robot connecting portion 15 is a portion connected to a robot arm such as an articulated arm (not shown), a biaxial or triaxial moving mechanism, and the like, and an opening or a hole for mounting a fastener or the like according to a connection target. Are formed.

吸着部12は、ベースプレート11の下方に設けられて吸盤状に形成される吸着パッド12aと、吸着パッド12aを上方から支持するとともにベースプレート11を上下に貫通して設けられるホルダ12bとを備えている。ホルダ12bの上端部には、真空ポンプ等の吸引源に連通するホース(何れも不図示)が接続され、これらを通じた吸引によって吸着パッド12aの下面となる吸着面に負圧を生じさせて物品W(図17参照)を吸着保持できるようになる。ベースプレート11において吸着部12が設置される領域には、高さ位置検出部20も設けられる。   The suction portion 12 includes a suction pad 12a provided below the base plate 11 and formed in a suction cup shape, and a holder 12b provided to support the suction pad 12a from above and to penetrate the base plate 11 up and down. . A hose (both not shown) communicating with a suction source such as a vacuum pump is connected to an upper end portion of the holder 12b, and a suction is made through the hoses to generate a negative pressure on a suction surface serving as a lower surface of the suction pad 12a. W (see FIG. 17) can be held by suction. A height position detecting unit 20 is also provided in a region of the base plate 11 where the suction unit 12 is installed.

高さ位置検出部20はポテンションメータ21を備え、ポテンションメータ21は、メータ本体21aと、メータ本体21aによって鉛直方向に直線的に移動可能に支持される移動子21bとを有している。ポテンションメータ21は、移動子21bの上下位置に対応する位置信号、或いは、所定の上下位置を閾値として移動子21bが閾値より上下の何れかに位置するかの信号を出力する機能を備えている。なお、ポテンションメータ21は、移動子21bの移動による力を検出するようにしてもよく、ポテンションメータ21に替えて他のセンサ等を用いてもよい。   The height position detecting section 20 includes a potentiometer 21. The potentiometer 21 has a meter main body 21a and a movable member 21b supported by the meter main body 21a so as to be linearly movable in a vertical direction. . The potentiometer 21 has a function of outputting a position signal corresponding to the vertical position of the movable element 21b or a signal indicating whether the movable element 21b is positioned above or below the threshold value with a predetermined vertical position as a threshold. I have. Note that the potentiometer 21 may detect a force due to the movement of the movable element 21b, and another sensor or the like may be used instead of the potentiometer 21.

ポテンションメータ21において、メータ本体21aは、ベースプレート11上に設けられる一方、移動子21bは、ベースプレート11を貫通して先端がベースプレート11の下面から突出するよう設けられる。ここで、高さ位置検出部20は、移動子21bの先端(下端)に連結される長方形の板状部材23と、板状部材23の左右両側にそれぞれ設けられた案内部24とを更に備えている。   In the potentiometer 21, the meter main body 21 a is provided on the base plate 11, while the mover 21 b is provided so as to penetrate the base plate 11 and project from the lower surface of the base plate 11. Here, the height position detecting unit 20 further includes a rectangular plate-shaped member 23 connected to the tip (lower end) of the movable member 21b, and guides 24 provided on both left and right sides of the plate-shaped member 23, respectively. ing.

板状部材23は、ベースプレート11の下方にて水平に設けられており、上面中央部にて移動子21bの先端が連結されている。板状部材23の面内には、吸着パッド12aと接触しないように吸着パッド12aが挿通される穴23aが複数形成されている。また、板状部材23の下面中央部には、合成樹脂等の弾性体からなる突起25(図1では不図示)が下方に突出して設けられている。突起25の先端は半球状に形成されている。   The plate-like member 23 is provided horizontally below the base plate 11, and the tip of the moving element 21b is connected at the center of the upper surface. A plurality of holes 23a through which the suction pads 12a are inserted are formed in the plane of the plate member 23 so as not to contact the suction pads 12a. Further, a projection 25 (not shown in FIG. 1) made of an elastic body such as a synthetic resin is provided at the center of the lower surface of the plate member 23 so as to protrude downward. The tip of the projection 25 is formed in a hemispherical shape.

案内部24は、下端側が板状部材23に固定されてベースプレート11を貫通する丸軸状の軸部24aと、ベースプレート11に設けられて軸部24aが挿通されるガイド部24bとを備えている。案内部24では、軸部24aがガイド部24bに挿通されることで軸部24a及び板状部材23の鉛直方向の移動を案内し、且つ、それらの水平方向の移動を規制している。板状部材23には移動子21bが連結されるので、かかる移動子21bにおいても、案内部24により鉛直方向の移動が案内され且つ水平方向の移動が規制される。これにより、移動子21bに水平方向等の鉛直方向とは異なる方向の力が加わることを防ぐことができる。軸部24aの上端には、軸部24aの外径及びガイド部24bの内径より大径となる抜け止め部24c(図2では不図示)が形成される。抜け止め部24cがガイド部24bの上端面に載置されることで、軸部24a及び板状部材23の下方移動が規制される。つまり、抜け止め部24cがガイド部24bの上端面に載置されたときの板状部材23の位置が下降限となる。   The guide portion 24 includes a round shaft portion 24a whose lower end is fixed to the plate member 23 and penetrates the base plate 11, and a guide portion 24b provided on the base plate 11 and through which the shaft portion 24a is inserted. . In the guide portion 24, the shaft portion 24a is inserted into the guide portion 24b to guide the vertical movement of the shaft portion 24a and the plate-like member 23, and restricts the horizontal movement thereof. Since the movable member 21b is connected to the plate-shaped member 23, also in the movable member 21b, the guide portion 24 guides the movement in the vertical direction and restricts the movement in the horizontal direction. Thus, it is possible to prevent a force in a direction different from the vertical direction such as the horizontal direction from being applied to the movable member 21b. A stopper 24c (not shown in FIG. 2) having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 24a and the inner diameter of the guide 24b is formed at the upper end of the shaft 24a. By placing the retaining portion 24c on the upper end surface of the guide portion 24b, downward movement of the shaft portion 24a and the plate-like member 23 is restricted. That is, the position of the plate-shaped member 23 when the retaining portion 24c is placed on the upper end surface of the guide portion 24b is the lowering limit.

下部把持部30は、水平方向に延びて細長い片状をなす第1受け部材31a及び第2受け部材31bと、下端部に第1受け部材31a及び第2受け部材31bが固定されて鉛直方向に延びる第1長尺部材32a及び第2長尺部材32bと、各長尺部材32a、32bを支持するためのリフタプレート33とを備えている。更に、下部把持部30は、各長尺部材32a、32bを鉛直方向に駆動させる駆動部34と、リフタプレート33上に設けられた回転変位部35(図2では不図示)とを備えている。本実施の形態では、左側に第1受け部材31a及び第1長尺部材32aが配置され、右側に第2受け部材31b及び第2長尺部材32bが配置される。下部把持部30は、第2受け部材31bと第2長尺部材32bとの間に設けられた高さ調整部50を更に備えている。   The lower gripping portion 30 has a first receiving member 31a and a second receiving member 31b extending in the horizontal direction and forming an elongated piece, and a first receiving member 31a and a second receiving member 31b are fixed to a lower end portion, and are vertically extended. It includes a first elongated member 32a and a second elongated member 32b that extend, and a lifter plate 33 for supporting the elongated members 32a and 32b. Further, the lower grip portion 30 includes a driving portion 34 for driving the long members 32a and 32b in the vertical direction, and a rotational displacement portion 35 (not shown in FIG. 2) provided on the lifter plate 33. . In the present embodiment, the first receiving member 31a and the first long member 32a are arranged on the left side, and the second receiving member 31b and the second long member 32b are arranged on the right side. The lower grip portion 30 further includes a height adjusting portion 50 provided between the second receiving member 31b and the second elongated member 32b.

図3は、実施の形態に係る把持機構を後方から見た概略斜視図である。図3に示すように、各長尺部材32a、32bの上端は、回転変位部35を介してリフタプレート33に支持されている。また、各長尺部材32a、32bは、長手方向中間部にてベースプレート11上の軸受36に挿通され、鉛直方向に移動可能とされつつ軸線周りに回転変位可能に設けられている。リフタプレート33は、表裏が水平方向に向けられて左右に細長い板状に形成されている。   FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the gripping mechanism according to the embodiment as viewed from the rear. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper ends of the long members 32 a and 32 b are supported by the lifter plate 33 via the rotation displacement unit 35. Each of the long members 32a and 32b is inserted into a bearing 36 on the base plate 11 at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction and to be rotationally displaceable about the axis. The lifter plate 33 is formed in a long and narrow plate shape with the front and back facing in the horizontal direction.

駆動部34は、ベースプレート11上に設けられた駆動用モータ34aと、駆動用モータ34aの出力軸に接続された駆動プーリ34bと、駆動プーリ34bの上方にてブラケット13にアングル部材を介して回転可能に支持される従動プーリ34cとを備えている。更に、駆動部34は、駆動プーリ34b及び従動プーリ34cに掛け回される無端ベルト34dと、リフタプレート33に固定されて無端ベルト34dを挟み込むクランプ部材34eとを備えている。駆動部34では、駆動用モータ34aの駆動によって駆動プーリ34b及び従動プーリ34cを介して無端ベルト34dを回動させる。この回動によって、駆動プーリ34b及び従動プーリ34cの間の無端ベルト34dは上下動するので、クランプ部材34eも無端ベルト34dと共に上下動する。これにより、クランプ部材34eが固定されるリフタプレート33及びこれに支持される各長尺部材32a、32bが鉛直方向に駆動され、この駆動によって各受け部材31a、31bが鉛直方向に変位する。かかる変位により、各受け部材31a、31bが上部把持部10の吸着部12(図2参照)と相対的に離間接近可能になる。   The driving unit 34 rotates a driving motor 34a provided on the base plate 11, a driving pulley 34b connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 34a, and the bracket 13 above the driving pulley 34b via an angle member. And a driven pulley 34c that is supported as possible. Further, the driving section 34 includes an endless belt 34d looped around a driving pulley 34b and a driven pulley 34c, and a clamp member 34e fixed to the lifter plate 33 and sandwiching the endless belt 34d. In the driving section 34, the endless belt 34d is rotated by the driving of the driving motor 34a via the driving pulley 34b and the driven pulley 34c. By this rotation, the endless belt 34d between the driving pulley 34b and the driven pulley 34c moves up and down, so that the clamp member 34e also moves up and down together with the endless belt 34d. As a result, the lifter plate 33 to which the clamp member 34e is fixed and the long members 32a and 32b supported by the lifter plate 33 are driven in the vertical direction, and the receiving members 31a and 31b are displaced in the vertical direction by this drive. Due to this displacement, each of the receiving members 31a and 31b can be relatively separated and approached from the suction portion 12 (see FIG. 2) of the upper grip portion 10.

ここで、ベースプレート11の左右両側には、リフタプレート33を貫通するガイドシャフト37がそれぞれ起立して設けられている。また、リフタプレート33の左右両側には、ガイドシャフト37が挿通される案内支持部38が設けられている。リフタプレート33を含む下部把持部30が鉛直方向に動作するときに、ガイドシャフト37に沿って案内支持部38が鉛直方向に動作することとなる。これにより、左右に案内支持部38が設けられるリフタプレート33が水平方向に移動したり水平方向から傾いたりすることを規制しつつ、リフタプレート33及び各長尺部材32a、32bの鉛直方向の移動を円滑に案内する。   Here, guide shafts 37 penetrating the lifter plate 33 are provided upright on both left and right sides of the base plate 11, respectively. Guide support portions 38 through which guide shafts 37 are inserted are provided on both left and right sides of the lifter plate 33. When the lower grip portion 30 including the lifter plate 33 operates in the vertical direction, the guide support portion 38 operates in the vertical direction along the guide shaft 37. Thereby, the vertical movement of the lifter plate 33 and each of the long members 32a, 32b while restricting that the lifter plate 33 provided with the guide support portions 38 on the left and right is horizontally moved or tilted from the horizontal direction. Will guide you smoothly.

回転変位部35は、リフタプレート33の上面側に設けられた変位用モータ35aと、変位用モータ35aの出力軸に接続される駆動ギヤ35bと、各長尺部材32a、32bの上端側にそれぞれ設けられた従動ギヤ35c、35dと、2体の従動ギヤ35c、35dと駆動ギヤ35bとの間に設けられた中間ギヤ35e、35f、35gとを備えている。なお、本件図面においては、中間ギヤ35e、35f、35gの歯の図示を省略している。各中間ギヤ35e、35f、35gの回転軸及び各長尺部材32a、32bの上端側は、リフタプレート33と、その上方に位置する軸受プレート39とにより回転可能に支持される。   The rotation displacement unit 35 includes a displacement motor 35a provided on the upper surface side of the lifter plate 33, a drive gear 35b connected to an output shaft of the displacement motor 35a, and an upper end side of each of the long members 32a and 32b. There are provided driven gears 35c and 35d, and intermediate gears 35e, 35f and 35g provided between the two driven gears 35c and 35d and the driving gear 35b. In the drawings, the teeth of the intermediate gears 35e, 35f, and 35g are not shown. The rotation shafts of the intermediate gears 35e, 35f, 35g and the upper ends of the long members 32a, 32b are rotatably supported by a lifter plate 33 and a bearing plate 39 located above the lifter plate 33.

第1長尺部材32aに設けられた従動ギヤ35cと駆動ギヤ35bとの間には、1枚の中間ギヤ35eが噛み合うように設けられている。第2長尺部材32bに設けられた従動ギヤ35dと駆動ギヤ35bとの間には、2枚の中間ギヤ35f、35gが左右に並んで噛み合うように設けられている。従って、駆動ギヤ35bを回転させたときに、左側の従動ギヤ35c及び第1長尺部材32aと、右側の従動ギヤ35d及び第2長尺部材32bとでは、中間ギヤ35e、35f、35gの枚数の相違によって回転方向が反対方向となる。これにより、駆動ギヤ35bをR1方向に回転することで、各長尺部材32a、32bがr1方向に回転して各受け部材31a、31bが前方に突出する方向に回転変位する。このとき、各受け部材31a、31bが各把持部10、30で把持する物品W(図22参照)の下面に当接し、図1ないし図3の状態での各受け部材31a、31bの位置を「把持位置」と称する。把持位置では、各受け部材31a、31bの先端が左右に離れ、前後方向に延出するように位置する。   One intermediate gear 35e is provided between the driven gear 35c and the drive gear 35b provided on the first elongated member 32a so as to mesh with each other. Two intermediate gears 35f and 35g are provided between the driven gear 35d and the driving gear 35b provided on the second elongated member 32b so as to mesh with each other side by side. Accordingly, when the drive gear 35b is rotated, the number of intermediate gears 35e, 35f, and 35g is determined between the left driven gear 35c and the first long member 32a and the right driven gear 35d and the second long member 32b. , The rotation direction becomes the opposite direction. Thus, when the drive gear 35b is rotated in the R1 direction, the long members 32a and 32b are rotated in the r1 direction, and the receiving members 31a and 31b are rotationally displaced in a direction to protrude forward. At this time, the receiving members 31a and 31b abut against the lower surface of the article W (see FIG. 22) gripped by the gripping portions 10 and 30, and the positions of the receiving members 31a and 31b in the state of FIGS. This is referred to as a “gripping position”. In the gripping position, the distal ends of the receiving members 31a, 31b are separated from each other in the left-right direction and extend in the front-rear direction.

一方、駆動ギヤ35bをR2方向に回転することで、各長尺部材32a、32bがr2方向に回転し、各受け部材31a、31bが長尺部材32a、32bの前後位置まで後退する方向に回転変位する(図4A参照)。ここで、各受け部材31a、31bは、図4Aに示す位置が最も後退し、且つ、物品Wの下面から退避した位置(図19参照)となる。この位置において、各受け部材31a、31bは、各長尺部材32a、32b間で左右方向に略平行に向けられつつ、上下に部分的に重なるように位置する。この状態での各受け部材31a、31bの位置を「退避位置」と称する。なお、各受け部材31a、31bの退避位置と把持位置との間における移動過程での動作については後述する。   On the other hand, by rotating the drive gear 35b in the R2 direction, each of the long members 32a and 32b rotates in the r2 direction, and each of the receiving members 31a and 31b rotates in the direction of retracting to the front and rear positions of the long members 32a and 32b. It is displaced (see FIG. 4A). Here, the positions shown in FIG. 4A of the receiving members 31a and 31b are the most retracted positions, and are the positions retracted from the lower surface of the article W (see FIG. 19). In this position, the receiving members 31a and 31b are positioned so as to be substantially parallel to each other in the left-right direction between the long members 32a and 32b, and to partially overlap vertically. The position of each of the receiving members 31a and 31b in this state is called a "retreat position". The operation of the receiving members 31a and 31b in the process of moving between the retracted position and the holding position will be described later.

図5は、一部構成を省略した把持機構を上方から見た概略斜視図である。図5に示すように、引っ掛け部40は、リフタプレート33に支持されるモータ41と、リフタプレート33に連結されて下方に延在する可動フック42とを備えている。モータ41の出力軸には、カップリング43を介して左右に延びるシャフト44の一端(右端)が連結され、シャフト44の他端(左端)側は軸受45に回転可能に支持されている。シャフト44の延在方向中間部には、2体のプーリ46が所定間隔を隔てて設けられ、各プーリ46には図5にて二点鎖線で示すワイヤ47が巻き掛けられている。従って、引っ掛け部40では、モータ41の駆動によってプーリ46を介してワイヤ47を巻き取り及び繰り出し可能となっている。ワイヤ47は、プーリ46から後方に延びてから不図示の滑車等を通過し、可動フック42の前面に沿って下方に延びるように配設される。   FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the gripping mechanism with a partial configuration viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 5, the hook portion 40 includes a motor 41 supported by the lifter plate 33, and a movable hook 42 connected to the lifter plate 33 and extending downward. One end (right end) of a shaft 44 extending left and right is connected to the output shaft of the motor 41 via a coupling 43, and the other end (left end) of the shaft 44 is rotatably supported by a bearing 45. Two pulleys 46 are provided at predetermined intervals in the middle of the shaft 44 in the extending direction, and each pulley 46 is wound with a wire 47 indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Therefore, in the hook portion 40, the wire 47 can be wound and fed out via the pulley 46 by the driving of the motor 41. The wire 47 extends rearward from the pulley 46, passes through a pulley (not shown), and extends downward along the front surface of the movable hook 42.

可動フック42は、リフタプレート33から下方に延びるフック本体部42aと、フック本体部42aの下端側に中間部42bを介して配設される先端部42cとを備えている。フック本体部42aと中間部42bとは左右2体のヒンジ42dで回転可能に連結されている。中間部42bと先端部42cとは、上記左右2体のヒンジ42dの間に配置されたヒンジ42eで回転可能に連結されている。各ヒンジ42d、42eには、戻しばね(付勢手段)42fが設けられ、ワイヤ47による力が加わっていないときには、各ヒンジ42d、42e及び戻しばね42fによって中間部42b及び先端部42cの前後両面が鉛直方向に向けられた姿勢に保たれる。また、ワイヤ47が巻き上げられることで、戻しばね42fの力に抗しつつ各ヒンジ42d、42eを介して中間部42b及び先端部42cが横向きや上向きとなるように変位する。かかる変位については、図6を参照して以下に説明する。   The movable hook 42 includes a hook body 42a extending downward from the lifter plate 33, and a tip 42c disposed at a lower end of the hook body 42a via an intermediate portion 42b. The hook body 42a and the intermediate part 42b are rotatably connected by two left and right hinges 42d. The intermediate portion 42b and the tip portion 42c are rotatably connected by a hinge 42e disposed between the two left and right hinges 42d. Each of the hinges 42d and 42e is provided with a return spring (biasing means) 42f, and when no force is applied by the wire 47, the front and rear surfaces of the intermediate portion 42b and the distal end portion 42c by the hinges 42d and 42e and the return spring 42f. Is maintained in a vertical orientation. Further, as the wire 47 is wound up, the intermediate portion 42b and the distal end portion 42c are displaced so as to be directed sideways or upward via the hinges 42d and 42e while resisting the force of the return spring 42f. Such displacement will be described below with reference to FIG.

図6A〜図6Cは、可動フックを側方からみた説明用模式図である。図6Aに示すように、可動フック42の前面側において、フック本体部42aの下端側と、中間部42bとには、ワイヤ47が挿通される鞘部材48が設けられている。そして、鞘部材48を通過するように上方から下方に延びるワイヤ47の下端は先端部42cに固定されている。可動フック42では、ワイヤ47が巻き上げられることで、ワイヤ47によって中間部42b及び先端部42cに引っ張り力が作用する。この引っ張り力によって、図6B及び図6Cに示すように、ヒンジ42dを介して中間部42bが横向きに回転変位し、先端部42cの先端がヒンジ42eを介して上向きになるよう回転変位する。一方、ワイヤ47による引っ張り力が解除されると、戻しばね42f(図5参照)の力によって、中間部42b及び先端部42cの前後両面が鉛直方向に向けられた姿勢に復帰される。   6A to 6C are schematic diagrams for explanation in which the movable hook is viewed from the side. As shown in FIG. 6A, on the front side of the movable hook 42, a sheath member 48 through which a wire 47 is inserted is provided on the lower end side of the hook body 42 a and the intermediate part 42 b. The lower end of the wire 47 extending downward from above so as to pass through the sheath member 48 is fixed to the distal end portion 42c. In the movable hook 42, as the wire 47 is wound up, a pulling force acts on the intermediate portion 42 b and the distal end portion 42 c by the wire 47. 6B and 6C, the intermediate portion 42b is laterally rotationally displaced via the hinge 42d, and rotationally displaced such that the distal end of the distal end portion 42c is upward via the hinge 42e. On the other hand, when the pulling force by the wire 47 is released, the front and rear surfaces of the intermediate portion 42b and the distal end portion 42c are returned to the posture in which the front and rear surfaces are vertically oriented by the force of the return spring 42f (see FIG. 5).

図3に戻り、可動フック42は、ベースプレート11の後端側に形成された凹部11a内に配置され、各長尺部材32a、32bの前後幅に収まるように配置されている。また、各長尺部材32a、32bは、ベースプレート11及びリフタプレート33の後端近傍に貫通して配置されている。従って、把持機構1の最後方位置近傍に、各長尺部材32a、32bが配置され、把持機構1にて各長尺部材32a、32bから後方に大きく突出する部分がないように構成されている。   Returning to FIG. 3, the movable hook 42 is disposed in a concave portion 11 a formed on the rear end side of the base plate 11, and is disposed so as to fit within the front and rear widths of the long members 32 a and 32 b. Each of the long members 32 a and 32 b is disposed so as to penetrate near the rear ends of the base plate 11 and the lifter plate 33. Therefore, the long members 32a and 32b are arranged near the rearmost position of the gripping mechanism 1, and the gripping mechanism 1 is configured such that there is no portion that largely projects rearward from the long members 32a and 32b. .

ここで、把持機構1は、中央処理装置(CPU)等からなる制御部2(図1参照)によって駆動制御される。制御部2は、ポテンションメータ21の出力信号や、予め記憶されたデータ、各種プログラムの演算結果に基づき、各モータ34a、35a、41や把持機構1を移動するロボットアーム等の駆動量、駆動タイミング等を制御する。   Here, the gripping mechanism 1 is driven and controlled by a control unit 2 (see FIG. 1) including a central processing unit (CPU) and the like. The control unit 2 controls the drive amount and drive of each of the motors 34a, 35a, 41 and the robot arm that moves the gripping mechanism 1 based on the output signal of the potentiometer 21, the data stored in advance, and the calculation results of various programs. Control timing and the like.

続いて、高さ調整部50、第1受け部材31a及び第2受け部材31bについての詳細な構成を、図7ないし図13を参照して以下に説明する。   Subsequently, a detailed configuration of the height adjustment unit 50, the first receiving member 31a, and the second receiving member 31b will be described below with reference to FIGS.

図7Aは、第2受け部材が下限位置となる高さ調整部の縦断面図であり、図7Bは、図7Aの状態から第2受け部材が上昇した高さ調整部の縦断面図である。図7A及び図7Bに示すように、高さ調整部50は、ガイド軸51と、圧縮コイルばね(弾性部材)52と、ピン53とを備えている。ガイド軸51は、第2受け部材31bを下面側から貫通し、先端側が中空となる第2長尺部材32b内に挿入されている。ガイド軸51と第2受け部材31bとは、ねじ結合されて固定される。ガイド軸51には、上下方向に延在する切欠部51aが形成され、切欠部51aの上端はガイド軸51上端から若干低い位置に設定される。切欠部51aの下端は第2受け部材31bの上面から所定距離上方に離された位置に設定される。   FIG. 7A is a longitudinal sectional view of the height adjusting section in which the second receiving member is at the lower limit position, and FIG. 7B is a longitudinal sectional view of the height adjusting section in which the second receiving member has risen from the state of FIG. 7A. . As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the height adjusting unit 50 includes a guide shaft 51, a compression coil spring (elastic member) 52, and a pin 53. The guide shaft 51 penetrates through the second receiving member 31b from the lower surface side, and is inserted into the second elongate member 32b whose distal end is hollow. The guide shaft 51 and the second receiving member 31b are screwed and fixed. The guide shaft 51 is formed with a notch 51a extending in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the notch 51a is set at a position slightly lower than the upper end of the guide shaft 51. The lower end of the notch 51a is set at a position separated from the upper surface of the second receiving member 31b by a predetermined distance.

切欠部51aの内部には、ピン53が受容される。ピン53は、第2長尺部材32bを横方向から貫通して第2長尺部材32bの内周面から突出している。ピン53及び切欠部51aを介してガイド軸51及びこれに固定される第2受け部材31bの移動が許容及び規制される。   The pin 53 is received inside the notch 51a. The pin 53 penetrates the second elongate member 32b from the lateral direction and protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the second elongate member 32b. The movement of the guide shaft 51 and the second receiving member 31b fixed to the guide shaft 51 via the pin 53 and the notch 51a is allowed and restricted.

具体的には、高さ調整部50において、ピン53の内方端が切欠部51aの鉛直面に当接することで、第2長尺部材32bとガイド軸51及び第2受け部材31bとの相対回転が規制される。また、ピン53が切欠部51aの上端面と切欠部51aの上端縁とが当接した状態で(図7A参照)、ガイド軸51及び第2受け部材31bの下方への移動が規制され、この状態にて第2受け部材31bが下限位置に配置される。一方、この下限位置からピン53が切欠部51aの内に位置する範囲において、ガイド軸51及び第2受け部材31bの上方への移動が許容される(図7B参照)。このように、高さ調整部50では、第2受け部材31bを上下方向に変位でき、第1受け部材31aに対する第2受け部材31bの高さを相違させることができる。   Specifically, in the height adjustment unit 50, the inner end of the pin 53 abuts on the vertical surface of the notch 51a, so that the relative length between the second elongated member 32b, the guide shaft 51, and the second receiving member 31b is increased. Rotation is regulated. Further, with the pin 53 in contact with the upper end surface of the cutout portion 51a and the upper end edge of the cutout portion 51a (see FIG. 7A), the downward movement of the guide shaft 51 and the second receiving member 31b is regulated. In this state, the second receiving member 31b is disposed at the lower limit position. On the other hand, upward movement of the guide shaft 51 and the second receiving member 31b is allowed in a range where the pin 53 is located inside the cutout portion 51a from the lower limit position (see FIG. 7B). As described above, in the height adjusting section 50, the second receiving member 31b can be displaced in the vertical direction, and the height of the second receiving member 31b with respect to the first receiving member 31a can be made different.

ガイド軸51は、圧縮コイルばね52の内部に挿入されている。圧縮コイルばね52は、上端が第2長尺部材32bの下端面に当接しており、下端が第2受け部材31bの上面に当接している。圧縮コイルばね52は、圧縮させた反力で第2受け部材31bを下方に移動させる力を常時発揮するように設けられる。従って、圧縮コイルばね52の力によって第2受け部材31bが下限位置に位置決めされるようになり、後述のように下方から外力が加わると、圧縮コイルばね52の弾性力に抗して第2受け部材31bが上方に移動するようになる。   The guide shaft 51 is inserted inside the compression coil spring 52. The compression coil spring 52 has an upper end in contact with the lower end surface of the second elongated member 32b and a lower end in contact with the upper surface of the second receiving member 31b. The compression coil spring 52 is provided so as to constantly exert a force for moving the second receiving member 31b downward by the compressed reaction force. Therefore, the second receiving member 31b is positioned at the lower limit position by the force of the compression coil spring 52, and when an external force is applied from below as described later, the second receiving member 31b resists the elastic force of the compression coil spring 52. The member 31b moves upward.

図8は、退避位置における第1及び第2受け部材の縦断面図である。図4A及び図8に示すように、第1受け部材31aは、上面側において、水平方向に沿って位置する受け面31aaと、受け面31aaに連なる第1傾斜面31abとを備えている。また、第1受け部材31aは、下面側において、受け面31aaと平行になる底面31acとを備えている。第1傾斜面31abは、第1受け部材31aの回転方向において、退避位置側から把持位置側に向かって次第に低くなるように形成されている。従って、第1受け部材31aは、第1受け部材31aの回転方向で把持位置側が尖った形状となるブレード状に形成される。   FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the first and second receiving members at the retracted position. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 8, the first receiving member 31a includes a receiving surface 31aa located along the horizontal direction and a first inclined surface 31ab continuous with the receiving surface 31aa on the upper surface side. In addition, the first receiving member 31a has a bottom surface 31ac that is parallel to the receiving surface 31aa on the lower surface side. The first inclined surface 31ab is formed so as to become gradually lower from the retracted position side toward the gripping position side in the rotation direction of the first receiving member 31a. Therefore, the first receiving member 31a is formed in a blade shape in which the gripping position side is sharp in the rotation direction of the first receiving member 31a.

第2受け部材31bは、水平方向に沿って位置して上面を形成する受け面31baを備えている。また、第2受け部材31bは、下面側において、第2傾斜面31bbと、第2傾斜面31bbに連なって受け面31baと平行になる底面31bcとを備えている。第2傾斜面31bbは、第2受け部材31bの回転方向において、把持位置側から退避位置側に向かって次第に高くなるように形成されている。従って、第2受け部材31bは、第2受け部材31bの回転方向で退避位置側が尖った形状となるブレード状に形成される。   The second receiving member 31b includes a receiving surface 31ba that is located along the horizontal direction and forms an upper surface. The second receiving member 31b has a second inclined surface 31bb and a bottom surface 31bc connected to the second inclined surface 31bb and parallel to the receiving surface 31ba on the lower surface side. The second inclined surface 31bb is formed so as to be gradually higher from the gripping position side to the retreat position side in the rotation direction of the second receiving member 31b. Therefore, the second receiving member 31b is formed in a blade shape in which the retracted position side is sharp in the rotation direction of the second receiving member 31b.

図9Aは、退避位置における第1及び第2受け部材の平面図、図9Bは、退避位置における第1受け部材の平面図、図9Cは、退避位置における第2受け部材の平面図である。図9Aに示すように、退避位置においては、第1受け部材31aと第2受け部材31bとが上下方向(図9A中紙面直交方向)に重なっている。図9Bに示すように、第1受け部材31a及びその受け面31aaは、第1受け部材31aの回転変位の中心となる基端側(右端側)から離れるに従って、平面視での幅寸法が次第に小さくなる形状に形成されている。第1受け部材31aの先端側(左端側)における上面には、該先端側が尖った形状になるようにテーパ面31ad(図10Aも参照)が形成されている。   9A is a plan view of the first and second receiving members in the retracted position, FIG. 9B is a plan view of the first receiving member in the retracted position, and FIG. 9C is a plan view of the second receiving member in the retracted position. As shown in FIG. 9A, at the retracted position, the first receiving member 31a and the second receiving member 31b overlap in the vertical direction (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 9A). As shown in FIG. 9B, the first receiving member 31a and its receiving surface 31aa gradually increase in width in plan view as the distance from the base end (right end), which is the center of rotational displacement of the first receiving member 31a, increases. It is formed in a smaller shape. A tapered surface 31ad (see also FIG. 10A) is formed on the upper surface on the front end side (left end side) of the first receiving member 31a so that the front end side has a pointed shape.

図9Cに示すように、第2受け部材31b及びその受け面31baは、第2受け部材31bの回転変位の中心となる基端側(左端側)から離れるに従って、平面視での幅寸法が次第に小さくなる形状に形成されている。第2受け部材31bの先端側(右端側)における下面には、該先端側が尖った形状になるようにテーパ面31bd(図10Aも参照)が形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 9C, the width of the second receiving member 31b and its receiving surface 31ba gradually increases in plan view as the distance from the base end (left end), which is the center of rotational displacement of the second receiving member 31b, increases. It is formed in a smaller shape. A tapered surface 31bd (see also FIG. 10A) is formed on the lower surface on the distal end side (right end side) of the second receiving member 31b so that the distal end side has a pointed shape.

各受け部材31a、31bが退避位置に位置する状態では、第1傾斜面31abと第2傾斜面31bbとが接触して上下に重なって配置される(図8も参照)。このとき、各傾斜面31ab、31bbの接触によって第2受け部材31bが押し上げられており、第2受け部材31bの下限位置から圧縮コイルばね52(図7B参照)の弾性力に抗して上方に移動した状態となっている。   When each of the receiving members 31a and 31b is located at the retracted position, the first inclined surface 31ab and the second inclined surface 31bb come into contact with each other and are arranged vertically (see also FIG. 8). At this time, the second receiving member 31b is pushed up by the contact of the respective inclined surfaces 31ab and 31bb, and moves upward from the lower limit position of the second receiving member 31b against the elastic force of the compression coil spring 52 (see FIG. 7B). It has been moved.

このように各受け部材31a、31bが退避位置に位置する状態から、把持位置に移動する際の動作について、以下に説明する。退避位置として図4A及び図8に示す状態から、上述した回転変位部35(図3参照)を介して各受け部材31a、31bが前方に突出する方向に同時に回転変位すると、第1傾斜面31abと第2傾斜面31bbとが擦れ合うようになる。これにより、第1受け部材31aに対して第2受け部材31bがせり上がり、図10A及び図10Bに示すように、第1受け部材31aの受け面31aaに第2受け部材31bの底面31bcが接触するよう乗り上がった状態となる。   The operation when the receiving members 31a and 31b move from the state where they are located at the retreat position to the gripping position will be described below. When the receiving members 31a, 31b are simultaneously rotationally displaced from the state shown in FIGS. 4A and 8 as the retreat position in the direction in which the receiving members 31a, 31b protrude forward via the above-described rotational displacement portion 35 (see FIG. 3), the first inclined surface 31ab And the second inclined surface 31bb rub against each other. Thereby, the second receiving member 31b rises with respect to the first receiving member 31a, and as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the bottom surface 31bc of the second receiving member 31b comes into contact with the receiving surface 31aa of the first receiving member 31a. You will be in a state of getting up.

このとき、高さ調整部50の圧縮コイルばね52が圧縮され、第2受け部材31bの上方への変位を許容するようになり、各受け部材31a、31bの高さを相違させて同時に回転変位可能としている。また、各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位で第2受け部材31bがせり上がるときに、各傾斜面31ab、31bbの接触位置が変化するようになり、かかる変化に応じて第2受け部材31bが上方に変位している。   At this time, the compression coil spring 52 of the height adjusting unit 50 is compressed, and the upward displacement of the second receiving member 31b is allowed. The height of each of the receiving members 31a and 31b is made different to simultaneously rotate the second receiving member 31b. It is possible. Also, when the second receiving member 31b rises due to the rotational displacement of each of the receiving members 31a, 31b, the contact position of each of the inclined surfaces 31ab, 31bb changes, and the second receiving member 31b responds to the change. Displaced upward.

図10A及び図10Bに示す状態から各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位を更に継続すると、図11A及び図11Bに示すように、各受け部材31a、31bのテーパ面31ad、31bd同士が接触した状態となる。そして、かかる状態を経て各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位を継続することで、図12A及び図12Bに示すように、各受け部材31a、31bが相互に離れた状態となる。この状態になると、第2受け部材31bが第1受け部材31aからの外力を受けなくなり、圧縮コイルばね52の付勢力によって第2受け部材31bが下方に変位して下限位置に位置決めされる。このとき、各受け部材31a、31bの受け面31aa、31baは、概略同一面となる水平面上に揃って配置されるようになる。そして、各受け部材31a、31bの高さ位置が維持されたまま、図13A及び図13Bに示す把持位置まで回転変位した後、該回転変位が停止される。   When the rotational displacement of each receiving member 31a, 31b is further continued from the state shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the tapered surfaces 31ad, 31bd of each receiving member 31a, 31b come into contact with each other, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. Becomes Then, by continuing the rotational displacement of each of the receiving members 31a and 31b through this state, the receiving members 31a and 31b are separated from each other as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B. In this state, the second receiving member 31b stops receiving the external force from the first receiving member 31a, and the second receiving member 31b is displaced downward by the urging force of the compression coil spring 52 to be positioned at the lower limit position. At this time, the receiving surfaces 31aa and 31ba of the receiving members 31a and 31b are arranged on a horizontal plane which is substantially the same. Then, while the receiving members 31a and 31b maintain the height position, the receiving members 31a and 31b are rotationally displaced to the holding positions shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, and then the rotational displacement is stopped.

次に、各受け部材31a、31bが把持位置に位置する状態から、退避位置に移動する際の動作について、以下に説明する。図13A及び図13Bに示す状態から上述とは逆方向に各受け部材31a、31bを回転変位すると、図12A及び図12Bに示す状態を経て、図11A及び図11Bに示すように各受け部材31a、31bのテーパ面31ad、31bd同士が接触した状態となる。この状態では、第1受け部材31aのテーパ面31adの上方に、第2受け部材31bのテーパ面31bdが被さるように位置し、各受け部材31a、31bの先端側が上下に重なる状態にすることができる。そして、各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位を継続することで、各テーパ面31ad、31bdが擦れ合うようになる。これにより、第1受け部材31aに対して第2受け部材31bがせり上がり、図10A及び図10Bに示すように、第1受け部材31aの受け面31aaに第2受け部材31bの底面31bcが接触するよう乗り上がった状態となる。   Next, an operation when the receiving members 31a and 31b move from the state where they are held to the holding position to the evacuation position will be described below. When the receiving members 31a and 31b are rotationally displaced from the state shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B in the opposite direction to the above, the receiving members 31a are moved through the state shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B and as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. , 31b are in contact with each other. In this state, the tapered surface 31bd of the second receiving member 31b is positioned above the tapered surface 31ad of the first receiving member 31a so that the distal ends of the receiving members 31a and 31b are vertically overlapped. it can. By continuing the rotational displacement of the receiving members 31a and 31b, the tapered surfaces 31ad and 31bd are rubbed. Thereby, the second receiving member 31b rises with respect to the first receiving member 31a, and as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the bottom surface 31bc of the second receiving member 31b comes into contact with the receiving surface 31aa of the first receiving member 31a. You will be in a state of getting up.

かかる状態になる場合も、高さ調整部50の圧縮コイルばね52が圧縮され、第2受け部材31bの上方への変位を許容するようになり、各受け部材31a、31bの高さを相違させて同時に回転変位可能としている。また、各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位で第2受け部材31bがせり上がるときに、各テーパ面31ad、31bdの接触位置が変化するようになり、かかる変化に応じて第2受け部材31bが上方に変位している。   Even in such a state, the compression coil spring 52 of the height adjustment unit 50 is compressed, and the upward displacement of the second receiving member 31b is allowed, so that the heights of the receiving members 31a and 31b differ. At the same time. Also, when the second receiving member 31b rises due to the rotational displacement of each of the receiving members 31a, 31b, the contact position of each of the tapered surfaces 31ad, 31bd changes, and according to the change, the second receiving member 31b moves. Displaced upward.

図10A及び図10Bに示す状態から各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位を更に継続すると、図4A及び図4Bに示すように、第1傾斜面31abと第2傾斜面31bbとが接触する退避位置まで回転変位する。   When the rotational displacement of each receiving member 31a, 31b is further continued from the state shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the retreat position where the first inclined surface 31ab and the second inclined surface 31bb come into contact as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. Rotational displacement up to.

続いて、本実施の形態の把持機構1が物品を把持する際の動作及び把持機構1を用いた搬送方法について説明する。かかる搬送方法として、先ず、番重Bから物品Wを取り出す搬出方法を図14から図24を参照して説明する。搬出方法は、位置決め工程、高さ位置検出工程、吸着工程、上昇工程、下降工程、リフト工程、挿入工程、把持工程、搬出工程の順に実施される。   Next, an operation when the gripping mechanism 1 of the present embodiment grips an article and a transport method using the gripping mechanism 1 will be described. As such a transport method, first, an unloading method for taking out the article W from the count B will be described with reference to FIGS. The unloading method is performed in the order of a positioning step, a height position detecting step, a suction step, an ascending step, a descending step, a lifting step, an inserting step, a gripping step, and an unloading step.

図14は、搬出方法の位置決め工程を示す説明用背面図であり、図15は、搬出方法の位置決め工程を示す説明用側面図である。図14及び図15に示すように、搬出方法を実施する前においては、下部把持部30は上限位置又はこれに近い位置まで上昇された位置に保たれ、各受け部材31a、31bが退避位置であって板状部材23より高い位置に設定される。   FIG. 14 is an explanatory rear view showing a positioning step of the unloading method, and FIG. 15 is an explanatory side view showing a positioning step of the unloading method. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, before carrying out the unloading method, the lower grip 30 is held at the upper limit position or a position raised to a position close to the upper limit position, and each of the receiving members 31 a and 31 b is in the retracted position. Therefore, it is set at a position higher than the plate member 23.

ここで、本実施の形態の把持機構1で把持する物品Wは、弁当容器であり、鉛直方向に複数(本実施の形態では3つ)積み重ねられている。以下の説明では、先ず、3つ積み重ねた状態の物品Wを把持機構1で把持して搬送する方法について説明する。本実施の形態の物品Wは、下部のトレイ部Waと、トレイ部Waの上方を閉塞する蓋部Wbとを備えている。物品Wの側面におけるトレイ部Waと蓋部Wbとの接続部分には、つば部(被引っ掛け部)Wcが外方に突出するように形成される。つば部Wcは、物品Wの底面より高い位置に形成されている。   Here, the articles W gripped by the gripping mechanism 1 of the present embodiment are lunch containers, and a plurality (three in the present embodiment) are stacked in the vertical direction. In the following description, first, a method of gripping and transporting three stacked articles W by the gripping mechanism 1 will be described. The article W of the present embodiment includes a lower tray part Wa and a lid part Wb that closes the upper part of the tray part Wa. At the connection portion between the tray portion Wa and the lid portion Wb on the side surface of the article W, a flange portion (hooked portion) Wc is formed so as to protrude outward. The collar portion Wc is formed at a position higher than the bottom surface of the article W.

位置決め工程では、予め、図14及び図15に示す番重Bの内部に配置される物品Wの前後及び左右方向の座標値を画像処理等の手段を介して取得しておく。そして、この座標値に基づき、不図示のロボットアーム等によって把持機構1が物品Wの上方に移動されてから位置決めされる。この位置決めによって、物品Wの上面側中央領域に吸着部12が配置され、物品Wの後端より僅かに後方に、各受け部材31a、31b及び可動フック42が配置される。   In the positioning step, the coordinate values in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the article W arranged inside the weight B shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 are acquired in advance through means such as image processing. Then, based on the coordinate values, the gripping mechanism 1 is moved above the article W by a robot arm or the like (not shown) and then positioned. By this positioning, the suction portion 12 is arranged in the center region on the upper surface side of the article W, and the receiving members 31a and 31b and the movable hook 42 are arranged slightly behind the rear end of the article W.

位置決め工程が実施された後に、図16に示すように、高さ位置検出工程が実施される。図16は、搬出方法の高さ位置検出工程を示す説明用側面図である。高さ位置検出工程では、最上段の物品Wに突起25が接触するまでロボットアーム等を介して把持機構1が下降される。そして、突起25が物品Wの上面に接触され、板状部材23及び案内部24を介して上昇されると、この上昇がポテンションメータ21にて検知され、当該検知のタイミングでの把持機構1の高さ方向の座標値が取得される。この座標値に基づき、制御部2(図1参照)を介して最上段の物品Wにおける上面位置が演算されて記憶される。また、ポテンションメータ21の検知のタイミングに応じ、吸着部12の吸着パッド12aが接触しないようにロボットアーム等による把持機構1の下降が停止される。   After the positioning step is performed, a height position detecting step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 16 is an explanatory side view showing the height position detecting step of the carrying-out method. In the height position detecting step, the gripping mechanism 1 is lowered via the robot arm or the like until the protrusion 25 contacts the uppermost article W. Then, when the protrusion 25 comes into contact with the upper surface of the article W and rises through the plate-like member 23 and the guide portion 24, this rise is detected by the potentiometer 21 and the gripping mechanism 1 at the timing of the detection is detected. Is obtained in the height direction. Based on the coordinate values, the upper surface position of the uppermost article W is calculated and stored via the control unit 2 (see FIG. 1). Further, in accordance with the detection timing of the potentiometer 21, the lowering of the gripping mechanism 1 by the robot arm or the like is stopped so that the suction pad 12a of the suction unit 12 does not contact.

高さ位置検出工程が実施された後に、図17に示すように、吸着工程が実施される。図17は、搬出方法の吸着工程を示す説明用側面図である。吸着工程では、高さ位置検出工程にて演算された最上段の物品Wの上面に、吸着部12の吸着パッド12aが接触するよう把持機構1がロボットアーム等によって下降移動されてから位置決めされる。この下降移動中、突起25が最上段の物品Wに当接すると、板状部材23の上下移動は停止された状態となり、この状態から把持機構1の下降移動に応じ板状部材23の穴23aを通じて吸着パッド12aが板状部材23より下方に突出するようになる。吸着パッド12aが物品Wの上面に接触されると、不図示の吸引源と吸着部12とが連通した状態とされ、吸着パッド12aにて負圧を生じさせて最上段の物品Wの上面が吸着保持される。   After the height position detection step is performed, the suction step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is an explanatory side view showing the suction step of the unloading method. In the suction step, the gripping mechanism 1 is moved downward by a robot arm or the like so that the suction pad 12a of the suction section 12 comes into contact with the upper surface of the uppermost article W calculated in the height position detection step, and is positioned. . When the projection 25 comes into contact with the uppermost article W during the downward movement, the vertical movement of the plate-like member 23 is stopped. From this state, the hole 23a of the plate-like member 23 is moved according to the downward movement of the gripping mechanism 1. Through this, the suction pad 12a projects below the plate-like member 23. When the suction pad 12a is brought into contact with the upper surface of the article W, a suction source (not shown) and the suction section 12 are brought into communication with each other, and a negative pressure is generated in the suction pad 12a to cause the upper surface of the uppermost article W to move. Adsorbed and held.

吸着工程が実施された後に、図18に示すように、上昇工程が実施される。図18は、搬出方法の上昇工程を示す説明用側面図である。上昇工程では、吸着工程による最上段の物品Wの吸着保持を維持しつつ、把持機構1がロボットアーム等によって上方に移動される。これにより、複数の物品Wのうち最上段の物品Wだけが吸着部12で吸着されて上昇される。そして、最上段の物品Wの下面側と上から2段目の物品Wの上面側との間に隙間S1を形成した状態で把持機構1が位置決めされる。   After the adsorption step is performed, a raising step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is an explanatory side view showing a lifting step of the carrying-out method. In the lifting step, the gripping mechanism 1 is moved upward by a robot arm or the like while maintaining the suction and holding of the uppermost article W in the suction step. Thereby, only the uppermost article W among the plurality of articles W is adsorbed by the adsorbing section 12 and is raised. Then, the gripping mechanism 1 is positioned in a state in which a gap S1 is formed between the lower surface of the uppermost article W and the upper surface of the second article W from above.

上昇工程が実施された後に、図19に示すように、下降工程が実施される。図19は、搬出方法の下降工程を示す説明用側面図である。下降工程では、上昇工程により隙間S1が形成された状態を維持しつつ、駆動部34の無端ベルト34dが回動され、下部把持部30と引っ掛け部40とが下降される。具体的には、下部把持部30の各長尺部材32a、32b及び各受け部材31a、31bと、引っ掛け部40の可動フック42とが、積み重なった物品Wと番重Bの内面との間に入り込むように下降される。   After the raising step is performed, a lowering step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 19 is an explanatory side view showing a lowering step of the unloading method. In the lowering step, the endless belt 34d of the driving unit 34 is rotated while maintaining the state in which the gap S1 is formed by the raising step, and the lower grip 30 and the hook 40 are lowered. Specifically, each of the long members 32a and 32b and each of the receiving members 31a and 31b of the lower grip portion 30 and the movable hook 42 of the hooking portion 40 are located between the stacked articles W and the inner surface of the weight B. It is lowered so as to enter.

下降工程が実施された後に、図20に示すように、リフト工程が実施される。図20は、搬出方法のリフト工程を示す説明用側面図である。リフト工程では、引っ掛け部40のモータ41が駆動され、積み重ねた物品Wのうちの最下段の物品W、言い換えると、番重B内の底面となる載置面上に載置された物品Wに可動フック42の先端(下端)側が引っ掛けられる。具体的には、図6Cで示したように、可動フック42の中間部42bが横向きに、先端部42cの先端が上向きに回転変位する動作がなされ、当該先端が上方に変位することで引っ掛け箇所となる物品Wのつば部Wcが下方から持ち上げられる。この持ち上げによって、最上段の物品Wを除いた全ての物品Wが前方より後方の方が高くなるよう傾けられ、最下段の物品Wとその載置面となる番重Bの底面との間に隙間S2が形成される。   After the lowering step is performed, a lift step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 20 is an explanatory side view showing a lift step of the unloading method. In the lift process, the motor 41 of the hooking unit 40 is driven, and the lowermost article W of the stacked articles W, in other words, the article W placed on the placement surface serving as the bottom surface in the number stack B is attached to the article W. The tip (lower end) side of the movable hook 42 is hooked. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6C, an operation is performed in which the intermediate portion 42b of the movable hook 42 is turned laterally and the tip of the tip portion 42c is rotated upward, and the hook portion is displaced upward to move the hook portion. Is lifted from below. By this lifting, all the articles W except the topmost article W are tilted so that the rear side is higher than the front side, so that the bottommost article W and the bottom surface of the load B which is the mounting surface thereof A gap S2 is formed.

リフト工程が実施された後に、図21に示すように、挿入工程が実施される。図21は、搬出方法の挿入工程を示す説明用側面図である。挿入工程では、リフト工程により隙間S2が形成された状態を維持しつつ、回転変位部35の変位用モータ35aが駆動され、各受け部材31a、31bが前方に突出する方向に回転変位される。言い換えると、各長尺部材32a、32bが軸回りに回転され、上述したように退避位置の各受け部材31a、31bが把持位置まで回転変位される。これにより、各受け部材31a、31bが隙間S2内に挿入され、各受け部材31a、31bが最下段の物品Wの下方に重なる位置に配置される。ここで、図21においては、物品Wの下面と各受け部材31a、31bの先端とが当接するように見えるが、各受け部材31a、31bの先端は物品W下面の外周より中央側に位置し、当該中央側は凹んでいるので、挿入工程において、それらは非接触となる。   After the lift step is performed, an insertion step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 21 is an explanatory side view showing an insertion step of the unloading method. In the insertion step, the displacement motor 35a of the rotation displacement unit 35 is driven while maintaining the state in which the gap S2 is formed by the lift step, and the respective receiving members 31a and 31b are rotationally displaced in the direction of protruding forward. In other words, each of the long members 32a and 32b is rotated around the axis, and each of the receiving members 31a and 31b at the retracted position is rotationally displaced to the gripping position as described above. Thereby, each receiving member 31a, 31b is inserted into the gap S2, and each receiving member 31a, 31b is arranged at a position overlapping below the lowermost article W. Here, in FIG. 21, the lower surface of the article W and the distal ends of the receiving members 31a and 31b appear to be in contact with each other, but the distal ends of the receiving members 31a and 31b are located closer to the center than the outer periphery of the lower surface of the article W. Since the central side is concave, they do not come into contact during the insertion process.

挿入工程が実施された後に、把持工程が実施される。図22及び図23は、搬出方法の把持工程を示す説明用側面図である。把持工程では、先ず、図22に示すように、リフト工程とは反対方向に引っ掛け部40のモータ41が駆動され、可動フック42の先端が下向きになるように動作されて最下段の物品Wとの引っ掛けが解除される。これにより、最下段の物品Wの下面が各受け部材31a、31bの受け面31aa、31baに載置(当接)され、物品Wの下面が番重Bの載置面と非接触となって隙間S2aが形成される。その後、駆動部34の無端ベルト34dが回動され、図23に示すように、下部把持部30における各受け部材31a、31bが上昇されて上から2段目の物品Wの上面が最上段の物品Wの下面に当接される。各受け部材31a、31bの上昇によって各受け部材31a、31bが上部把持部10の吸着部12に相対的に接近され、それらによって積み重ねた物品Wが鉛直方向から挟み込まれて把持される。   After the insertion step is performed, the gripping step is performed. FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 are explanatory side views showing the gripping step of the carrying-out method. In the gripping step, first, as shown in FIG. 22, the motor 41 of the hook 40 is driven in the direction opposite to the lift step, and the movable hook 42 is operated so that the tip thereof faces downward. Is released. Thereby, the lower surface of the lowermost article W is placed (contacted) on the receiving surfaces 31aa and 31ba of the receiving members 31a and 31b, and the lower surface of the article W is not in contact with the placing surface of the weight B. A gap S2a is formed. Thereafter, the endless belt 34d of the drive unit 34 is rotated, and as shown in FIG. 23, the receiving members 31a and 31b of the lower gripping unit 30 are raised, and the upper surface of the article W in the second tier from the top is the uppermost tier. It is in contact with the lower surface of the article W. As the receiving members 31a, 31b are raised, the receiving members 31a, 31b relatively approach the suction portion 12 of the upper grip portion 10, and the stacked articles W are sandwiched and gripped from the vertical direction.

把持工程が実施された後に、図24に示すように、搬出工程が実施される。図24は、搬出方法の搬出工程を示す説明用側面図である。搬出工程では、把持工程によって積み重ねた物品Wが把持された状態を維持しつつ、ロボットアーム等の駆動によって把持機構1が上昇され、番重Bの内部から積み重ねた物品Wが取り出される。この取り出し後、ロボットアーム等が更に駆動されることで他の番重等の所定の搬送位置まで物品Wが搬送される。   After the gripping step is performed, a carry-out step is performed as shown in FIG. FIG. 24 is an explanatory side view illustrating the unloading step of the unloading method. In the unloading step, the gripping mechanism 1 is moved up by driving the robot arm or the like while the articles W stacked in the gripping step are held, and the stacked articles W are taken out from the inside of the weight B. After the removal, the article W is transported to a predetermined transport position such as another weight by further driving the robot arm or the like.

ここで、複数の物品Wを積み重ねた状態で搬出した場合を説明したが、単一の物品Wを把持して搬出することもできる。この場合、例えば、積み重ねた物品Wの最上段の物品Wだけ搬出する際には、位置決め工程から上昇工程までは上記と同様に実施される。その後、下降工程で隙間S1に対応する高さに各受け部材31a、31bが位置するように下部把持部30が下降される。下降工程の実施後、各受け部材31a、31bが回転変位して隙間S1内に挿入される挿入工程が実施される。挿入工程の実施後は、各受け部材31a、31bの上昇によって各受け部材31a、31bが上部把持部10の吸着部12に相対的に接近され、それらによって単一の物品Wが鉛直方向から挟み込まれる把持工程が実施される。そして、上記と同様に搬出工程が実施される。従って、単一の物品Wを把持する場合には、上述したリフト工程が省略されることとなる。   Here, a case has been described in which a plurality of articles W are carried out in a stacked state, but a single article W may be gripped and carried out. In this case, for example, when unloading only the uppermost article W of the stacked articles W, the steps from the positioning step to the ascending step are performed in the same manner as described above. After that, in the lowering step, the lower grip 30 is lowered so that the receiving members 31a and 31b are positioned at the height corresponding to the gap S1. After the lowering step is performed, an insertion step is performed in which each of the receiving members 31a and 31b is rotationally displaced and inserted into the gap S1. After the insertion step is performed, each of the receiving members 31a and 31b is relatively moved closer to the suction portion 12 of the upper grip portion 10 by raising each of the receiving members 31a and 31b, whereby a single article W is sandwiched from the vertical direction. Is performed. Then, the unloading step is performed in the same manner as described above. Therefore, when gripping a single article W, the above-described lift step is omitted.

なお、単一の物品Wを把持して搬出する場合は、番重Bの内部に積み重ねずに収容された物品Wを搬送することもできる。この場合、番重Bにおける側壁の高さによっては、当該側壁よりベースプレート11やリフタプレート33の方が低い位置まで移動される。このとき、把持機構1にて各受け部材31a、31bや可動フック42から後方に大きく突出する部分がないので、番重Bの側壁付近に物品Wが収容されていても、かかる側壁に把持機構1が接触することを抑制することができる。   When a single article W is gripped and carried out, the article W accommodated without being stacked inside the weight B can be conveyed. In this case, depending on the height of the side wall in the weight B, the base plate 11 and the lifter plate 33 are moved to a position lower than the side wall. At this time, since the gripping mechanism 1 does not have a portion that largely projects rearward from each of the receiving members 31a and 31b and the movable hook 42, even if the article W is stored near the side wall of the weight B, the gripping mechanism is provided on the side wall. 1 can be prevented from contacting.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、吸着部12で物品Wの上面を吸着しつつ、吸着部12と各受け部材31a、31bと鉛直方向から物品Wを挟み込むので、吸着部12の吸引力が弱まっても挟み込み力の作用によって物品Wを保持した状態を維持することができる。これにより、把持機構1による物品Wの搬送中に物品Wの保持が解除されて落下することを防止することができる。なお、吸引力が弱まる要因としては、物品W上面の凹凸や、シート等で包装した際の皺、搬送時の移動による慣性力が考えられるが、かかる要因があっても落下防止を実現することができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the article W is sandwiched from the vertical direction with the suction unit 12 and each of the receiving members 31a and 31b while the upper surface of the article W is suctioned by the suction unit 12, so that the suction of the suction unit 12 is performed. Even when the force weakens, the state of holding the article W can be maintained by the action of the pinching force. Thus, it is possible to prevent the article W from being released and dropped while the article W is being conveyed by the gripping mechanism 1. Factors that weaken the suction force include unevenness on the upper surface of the article W, wrinkles when wrapped in a sheet or the like, and inertial force due to movement during conveyance. Can be.

また、上記のように退避位置と把持位置との間で各受け部材31a、31bを回転変位させる場合、それらが上下に重なっても高さ調整部50により第2受け部材31bを上下方向に変位させることができる。従って、各受け部材31a、31bの高さを相違させて同時に回転変位させることが可能となり、各受け部材31a、31bのうちの一方を所定角度回転した後で他方の回転を開始する時間差を不要とすることができる。これにより、各受け部材31a、31bを同じタイミングで回転変位して物品Wの把持及び把持解除に要する各受け部材31a、31bの動作時間を短縮することができる。   When the receiving members 31a and 31b are rotationally displaced between the retracted position and the gripping position as described above, the height adjusting unit 50 displaces the second receiving member 31b in the up-down direction even if they are vertically overlapped. Can be done. Accordingly, it is possible to simultaneously rotate and displace the receiving members 31a and 31b at different heights, so that there is no need for a time difference for starting rotation of one of the receiving members 31a and 31b after rotating the other by a predetermined angle. It can be. Thereby, each receiving member 31a, 31b is rotationally displaced at the same timing, and the operation time of each receiving member 31a, 31b required for gripping and releasing gripping of the article W can be reduced.

しかも、各受け部材31a、31bが離れるまで回転変位すると、高さ調整部50によって第2受け部材31bを下限位置に設定でき、把持位置にて各受け部材31a、31bの受け面31aa、31baを同一の水平面上に配置することができる。これにより、物品Wのフラットな底面に対して両方の受け面31aa、31baを接触させることができ、両方の受け面31aa、31baが物品Wから離れないようにして物品Wを安定して把持することができる。   Moreover, when the receiving members 31a and 31b are rotated and displaced until they are separated from each other, the height adjusting unit 50 can set the second receiving member 31b to the lower limit position. They can be arranged on the same horizontal plane. Thereby, both the receiving surfaces 31aa and 31ba can be brought into contact with the flat bottom surface of the article W, and the article W is stably gripped so that the both receiving faces 31aa and 31ba do not separate from the article W. be able to.

また、高さ調整部50では、各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位時に、各傾斜面31ab、31bbや各テーパ面31ad、31bdの接触位置の変化によって、第2受け部材31bを上下方向に変位させることができる。これにより、各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位を利用して第2受け部材31bを上下に変位でき、第2受け部材31bを上下方向に駆動するためのアクチュエータ等の駆動機構を省略でき、構成の簡略化を図ることができる。   Further, in the height adjusting unit 50, when the receiving members 31a, 31b are rotationally displaced, the second receiving member 31b is displaced in the vertical direction due to a change in the contact position of each of the inclined surfaces 31ab, 31bb and each of the tapered surfaces 31ad, 31bd. Can be done. Thus, the second receiving member 31b can be vertically displaced by utilizing the rotational displacement of each of the receiving members 31a, 31b, and a driving mechanism such as an actuator for driving the second receiving member 31b in the vertical direction can be omitted. Can be simplified.

また、第1受け部材31aに対して第2受け部材31bを上方に変位可能としたので、第2受け部材31bの下限位置を把持位置として位置決め可能としつつ、第2受け部材31bが第1受け部材31aの上方に位置するように変位させることができる。   Also, since the second receiving member 31b can be displaced upward with respect to the first receiving member 31a, the second receiving member 31b can be positioned at the lower limit position of the second receiving member 31b as the gripping position, while the first receiving member 31b is in the first receiving position. It can be displaced so as to be located above the member 31a.

また、本発明の実施の形態は上記の各実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において様々に変更、置換、変形されてもよい。さらには、技術の進歩又は派生する別技術によって、本発明の技術的思想を別の仕方で実現することができれば、その方法を用いて実施されてもよい。したがって、特許請求の範囲は、本発明の技術的思想の範囲内に含まれ得る全ての実施態様をカバーしている。   Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and may be variously changed, replaced, or modified without departing from the spirit of the technical idea of the present invention. Further, if the technical idea of the present invention can be realized in another way by advancing or another derived technique, the method may be implemented using the method. Therefore, the claims cover all embodiments that can be included in the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

上記実施の形態において、各受け部材31a、31bの長さや、物品Wを把持するときの各受け部材31a、31bの前方への突出量は物品Wの大きさ等に応じて適宜変更してもよい。但し、受け部材31a、31bの先端が物品Wの前後方向中央に位置させると、鉛直方向からの挟み込み力を安定して付与でき、且つ、傾けて持ち上げられた物品Wの下面に接触しないように各受け部材31a、31bを挿入及び退避し易くなる。   In the above embodiment, the length of each of the receiving members 31a and 31b and the amount of forward projection of each of the receiving members 31a and 31b when gripping the article W may be changed as appropriate according to the size of the article W and the like. Good. However, when the distal ends of the receiving members 31a and 31b are positioned at the center in the front-rear direction of the article W, the pinching force from the vertical direction can be stably applied, and the contact member does not contact the lower surface of the article W that has been tilted and lifted. Each of the receiving members 31a and 31b is easily inserted and retracted.

また、上記実施の形態では、退避位置の各受け部材31a、31bを上下に並べて配置すべく各傾斜面31ab、31bbを接触させたが、これらが上下方向に離れていてもよい。更に、高さ調整部50においては、送りねじ構造等の駆動機構を備え、該駆動機構によって少なくとも一方の受け部材31a、31bを上下動させるようにしてもよい。   Further, in the above embodiment, the respective inclined surfaces 31ab, 31bb are brought into contact with each other so as to arrange the receiving members 31a, 31b at the retracted position vertically, but they may be separated in the vertical direction. Further, the height adjusting section 50 may include a driving mechanism such as a feed screw structure, and the driving mechanism may move at least one of the receiving members 31a and 31b up and down.

また、下部把持部30では、第1受け部材31a及び第2受け部材31bの2体の受け部材により構成することに限られるものでない。上述のように動作する第1受け部材31a及び第2受け部材31bを備えた構成であれば、受け部材を更に増設してもよい。   In addition, the lower grip portion 30 is not limited to being configured by the two receiving members of the first receiving member 31a and the second receiving member 31b. If the configuration includes the first receiving member 31a and the second receiving member 31b that operate as described above, the number of receiving members may be further increased.

また、各受け部材31a、31bを同時に回転変位させる場合、何れか一方が所定時間経過後に回転変位したりする等、両方の受け部材31a、31bが多少ずれたタイミングで回転変位させることを妨げるものでない。   Further, when the receiving members 31a and 31b are simultaneously rotated and displaced, one of the receiving members 31a and 31b is prevented from being rotationally displaced at a timing slightly shifted, such as one of the receiving members 31a and 31b being rotationally displaced after a lapse of a predetermined time. Not.

また、各受け部材31a、31bの回転変位において、互いに接触しつつ上下の高さ位置を変位できるのであれば、各傾斜面31ab、31bbや各テーパ面31ad、31dbの形成を省略したり、曲面等の他の形状にしたりしてもよい。   In addition, in the rotational displacement of each of the receiving members 31a and 31b, if the upper and lower height positions can be displaced while being in contact with each other, the formation of the inclined surfaces 31ab and 31bb and the tapered surfaces 31ad and 31db may be omitted, or the curved surfaces may be omitted. Or other shapes.

また、高さ調整部50は、第2受け部材31bを下方に付勢するために圧縮コイルばね52を用いたが、上記実施の形態と同様に把持位置に位置決めできる限りにおいて、圧縮コイルばね52に代えて第2受け部材31bの自重で下方に変位するようにしてもよい。   Although the height adjusting section 50 uses the compression coil spring 52 to urge the second receiving member 31b downward, as long as the compression coil spring 52 can be positioned at the gripping position similarly to the above embodiment, Alternatively, the second receiving member 31b may be displaced downward by its own weight.

また、高さ調整部50では、把持位置と退避位置との間の回転変位において、第2受け部材31bに対して第1受け部材31aを下方向に変位させるようにしてもよい。但し、上記実施の形態のように第2受け部材31bを上方に変位させるようにすると、その下限位置を把持位置での高さ位置とできる点で有利となる。   In the height adjustment unit 50, the first receiving member 31a may be displaced downward with respect to the second receiving member 31b in the rotational displacement between the holding position and the retreat position. However, when the second receiving member 31b is displaced upward as in the above-described embodiment, it is advantageous in that the lower limit position can be set as the height position at the gripping position.

また、図9B及び図9Cにおいて、各傾斜面31ab、31bbの前後方向の幅を概略均一としたが、各受け部材31a、31bの先端側に向かう従って次第に小さく形成するようにしてもよい。   9B and 9C, the width in the front-rear direction of each of the inclined surfaces 31ab, 31bb is substantially uniform, but may be gradually reduced toward the front end of each of the receiving members 31a, 31b.

また、上記実施の形態では、把持する物品Wを弁当容器としたが、把持機構1によって把持できる物品であれば何ら限定されるものでない。例えば、サンドイッチやパン、弁当等の他の食品、各種の電気機器、装置、それらの部品としたり、弁当容器以外の箱やトレイによって梱包されたものとしたりしてもよい。更に、物品Wにおいて、引っ掛け部40による引っ掛け箇所となる被引っ掛け部は、上記のようなつば部Wcに限られず、物品Wの側面や、下面から側面に亘って形成される凹凸部分、傾斜部分、突出部分等とすることができる。かかる被引っ掛け部が物品Wに形成されると、把持機構1において、物品Wを水平な載置面で載置された状態から把持したり、把持した物品Wを水平な載置面に載置したりする際に、物品Wを容易に持ち上げて傾けることができる。   Further, in the above-described embodiment, the article W to be grasped is the lunch container, but the article W is not limited in any way as long as the article W can be grasped by the grasping mechanism 1. For example, other foods such as sandwiches, breads, and lunches, various electric appliances and devices, and components thereof, or those packed in boxes or trays other than the lunch containers may be used. Further, in the article W, the hooked portion to be hooked by the hooking section 40 is not limited to the above-described flange portion Wc, but the side surface of the article W, the uneven portion formed from the lower surface to the side surface, and the inclined portion. , A projecting portion, or the like. When such a hooked portion is formed on the article W, the gripping mechanism 1 grips the article W from a state of being placed on the horizontal placement surface, or places the gripped article W on the horizontal placement surface. In doing so, the article W can be easily lifted and tilted.

また、把持機構1を用いて物品Wを搬送する場合、下部把持部30で物品Wを下方から支持せずに吸着部12だけで単一の物品Wを吸着保持したり、かかる吸着保持を行わずに、下部把持部30の各受け部材31a、31bに少なくとも1個の物品Wを載せて支持することを妨げるものでない。但し、上記実施の形態のように、上部把持部10及び下部把持部30にて少なくとも1個の物品Wを挟み込んだ方が物品Wを安定して支持することができる。   When the article W is conveyed using the gripping mechanism 1, the single article W is sucked and held only by the suction section 12 without supporting the article W from below with the lower holding section 30, or the suction holding is performed. However, this does not prevent at least one article W from being placed and supported on each of the receiving members 31a and 31b of the lower grip 30. However, when at least one article W is sandwiched between the upper grip 10 and the lower grip 30 as in the above embodiment, the article W can be stably supported.

1 把持機構
10 上部把持部
30 下部把持部
31a 第1受け部材
31ab 第1傾斜面
31b 第2受け部材
31bb 第2傾斜面
35 回転変位部
50 高さ調整部
52 圧縮コイルばね(弾性部材)
W 物品
Reference Signs List 1 gripping mechanism 10 upper gripping part 30 lower gripping part 31a first receiving member 31ab first inclined surface 31b second receiving member 31bb second inclined surface 35 rotation displacement part 50 height adjustment part 52 compression coil spring (elastic member)
W goods

Claims (6)

鉛直方向から少なくとも1個の物品を挟み込んで把持する把持機構であって、
把持する物品の上面を吸着する吸着部を有する上部把持部と、把持する物品の下面に当接する部分を有する下部把持部とを備え、
前記下部把持部は、
水平方向に延びて物品を受け面で下方から支える第1受け部材及び第2受け部材と、
前記第1及び第2受け部材を回転変位させる回転変位部と、
前記第1及び第2受け部材の少なくとも一方を上下方向に変位させる高さ調整部とを備え、
前記回転変位部は、前記第1及び第2受け部材が物品の下面と当接する把持位置と、前記第1及び第2受け部材が物品の下面から退避しつつ上下方向に並ぶ退避位置との間で回転変位させ、
前記高さ調整部は、前記把持位置で前記第1及び第2受け部材の各受け面を概略同一面上に配置させ、且つ、前記第1及び第2受け部材の回転変位時に、該第1及び第2受け部材の高さを相違させて同時に回転変位可能としたことを特徴とする把持機構。
A gripping mechanism that sandwiches and grips at least one article from a vertical direction,
An upper grip portion having an adsorption portion that adsorbs an upper surface of an article to be gripped, and a lower grip portion having a portion abutting on a lower surface of the gripped article,
The lower gripping portion,
A first receiving member and a second receiving member extending in the horizontal direction and supporting the article from below at the receiving surface;
A rotation displacement unit configured to rotationally displace the first and second receiving members;
A height adjustment unit for vertically displacing at least one of the first and second receiving members,
The rotation displacement portion is between a gripping position where the first and second receiving members are in contact with the lower surface of the article and a retracting position where the first and second receiving members are retracted from the lower surface of the article and are lined up and down. To displace
The height adjustment unit is configured to arrange the respective receiving surfaces of the first and second receiving members on the substantially same plane at the gripping position, and to cause the first and second receiving members to rotate when the first and second receiving members are rotationally displaced. A gripping mechanism wherein the height of the second receiving member and the height of the second receiving member are different so that the second receiving member can be simultaneously rotated and displaced.
前記第1及び第2受け部材は、前記退避位置にて上下方向に重なって接触する領域を備え、
前記高さ調整部は、前記第1及び第2受け部材が同時に回転変位する際の接触位置の変化によって、該第1及び第2受け部材の少なくとも一方を上下方向に変位させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の把持機構。
The first and second receiving members include a region that overlaps and contacts in the up-down direction at the retracted position,
The height adjusting section vertically displaces at least one of the first and second receiving members by changing a contact position when the first and second receiving members are simultaneously rotationally displaced. The gripping mechanism according to claim 1.
前記高さ調整部は、前記第1及び第2受け部材が同時に回転変位する際に、前記第1受け部材に対して前記第2受け部材を上方に変位させることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の把持機構。   The said height adjustment part is displacing the said 2nd receiving member upward with respect to the said 1st receiving member, when the said 1st and 2nd receiving member rotate simultaneously, The said 1st or 1st characterized by the above-mentioned. The gripping mechanism according to claim 2. 前記第2受け部材の下面には第2傾斜面が形成され、該第2傾斜面は、前記把持位置側から前記退避位置側に向かって高くなることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の把持機構。   4. The grip according to claim 3, wherein a second inclined surface is formed on a lower surface of the second receiving member, and the second inclined surface increases from the grip position to the retreat position. 5. mechanism. 前記第1受け部材の上面には第1傾斜面が形成され、該第1傾斜面は、前記退避位置側から前記把持位置側に向かって低くなることを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4に記載の把持機構。   The first inclined surface is formed on an upper surface of the first receiving member, and the first inclined surface decreases from the retracted position side toward the grip position side. The gripping mechanism according to item 1. 前記高さ調整部は、前記第2受け部材の上下方向の変位を許容し、前記把持位置で前記第1及び第2受け部材の各前記受け面が同一面上に位置するように前記第2受け部材を付勢する弾性部材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれかに記載の把持機構。   The height adjuster allows the vertical displacement of the second receiving member, and the second adjusting member is configured such that the receiving surfaces of the first and second receiving members are located on the same plane at the gripping position. The gripping mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic member for urging the receiving member.
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