JP2019522732A - 鋼組成物 - Google Patents
鋼組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019522732A JP2019522732A JP2019518154A JP2019518154A JP2019522732A JP 2019522732 A JP2019522732 A JP 2019522732A JP 2019518154 A JP2019518154 A JP 2019518154A JP 2019518154 A JP2019518154 A JP 2019518154A JP 2019522732 A JP2019522732 A JP 2019522732A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010313 vacuum arc remelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002310 Isopropyl citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/007—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Co
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
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- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
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Abstract
Description
第一の技術:部材の化学組成に従って、好適な熱処理後直ちに機械的特性が得られる。
第二の技術:部材は、炭素及び窒素等の格子間元素で表面を富化する熱化学処理を必要とする。その後、この化学元素による富化(通常は表面的)に従って、最大で数ミリメートルの深さまで熱処理した後に優れた機械的特性が得られる。このような鋼は、通常、第一の技術の鋼よりも延性の点で優れた特性を示す。
炭素:0.2〜2.0;
クロム:1.0〜9.0;
モリブデン:1.0〜9.0;
ケイ素:0.1〜1.0;
タングステン:1.0〜3.0;
バナジウム:0.1〜1.0;
ニッケル+コバルト+銅:3.0〜15.0;
鉄:残部
炭素:0.05〜0.5;
クロム:2.5〜5.0;
モリブデン:4〜6;
タングステン:2〜4.5;
バナジウム:1〜3;
ニッケル:2〜4;
コバルト:2〜8;
鉄:残部、
及び不可避的不純物という組成を有し、
ニオブ:0〜2;
窒素:0〜0.5;
ケイ素:0〜0.7;
マンガン:0〜0.7;
アルミニウム:0〜0.15
のうち1種以上の元素をさらに含有していてもよいベアリング鋼、特にMIX5という鋼種が記載されている。該鋼種は、0.18%C−3.45%Cr−4.93%Mo−3.05%W−2.09%V−0.30%Si−2.89%Ni−5.14%Co−0.27%Mnという組成を有し、表面硬度が最も高いため最も興味深い。この鋼種を用いれば、1150℃の固溶化熱処理及び560℃の焼戻しを行った後の表面硬度が最大硬度で約800HV、すなわち最大64HRCに相当する硬度(比較例1)を達成できる。
・0.5%:マトリックス中へ固溶することで高温硬度に寄与
・2%:高温で安定なM6C炭化物の形成を大幅に制限するための最大値
炭素:0.05〜0.40、好ましくは0.10〜0.30;
クロム:2.50〜5.00、好ましくは3.00〜4.50;
モリブデン:4.00〜6.00;
タングステン:0.01〜1.80、好ましくは0.02〜1.50;
バナジウム:1.00〜3.00、好ましくは1.50〜2.50;
ニッケル:2.00〜4.00;
コバルト:2.00〜8.00、好ましくは3.00〜7.00;
鉄:残部、
及び不可避的不純物を含有し、有利には本質的にそれらからなり、特にそれらからなり、
ニオブ:≦2.00;
窒素:≦0.50、好ましくは≦0.20;
ケイ素:≦0.70、好ましくは0.05〜0.50;
マンガン:≦0.70、好ましくは0.05〜0.50;
アルミニウム:≦0.15、好ましくは≦0.10
のうち1種以上の元素をさらに含有してもよいが、
ニオブ+バナジウムの合計含量は1.00〜3.50の範囲であり、
炭素+窒素の含量は0.05〜0.50の範囲である
鋼組成物、有利には浸炭可能な及び/又は窒化可能な、より有利には浸炭可能な鋼組成物に関する。
炭素:0.10〜0.30、好ましくは0.15〜0.25;
クロム:3.00〜4.50、好ましくは3.50〜4.50;
モリブデン:4.00〜6.00、好ましくは4.50〜5.50;
タングステン:0.02〜1.50、好ましくは0.03〜1.40;
バナジウム:1.50〜2.50、好ましくは1.70〜2.30;
ニッケル:2.00〜4.00、好ましくは2.50〜3.50;
コバルト:3.00〜7.00、好ましくは4.00〜6.00;
ケイ素:0.05〜0.50、好ましくは0.05〜0.30;
マンガン:0.05〜0.50、好ましくは0.05〜0.30;
鉄:残部、
及び不可避的不純物を含有し、有利には本質的にそれらからなり、特にそれらからなり、
ニオブ:≦2.00;
窒素:≦0.20;
アルミニウム:≦0.10
のうち1種以上の元素をさらに含有してもよいが、
ニオブ+バナジウムの合計含量は1.00〜3.50の範囲であり、
炭素+窒素の含量は0.05〜0.50の範囲である。
(1)1090℃〜1160℃、有利には1100℃〜1160℃、より有利には1100℃〜1155℃、特に1100℃〜1150℃、とりわけ1150℃の温度で鋼の固溶化熱処理を行い、
(2)有利には、その後、完全にオーステナイト化するまで上記温度で特に15分間保持し(焼入れ)(上記2つの工程(1)及び(2)によって、最初に存在する炭化物の完全又は部分固溶が起こる。)、
(3)場合によっては、さらに第一の冷却(焼入れ)を特に中性ガス下、例えば圧力2barで有利には室温まで行い(この工程によって、残留オーステナイトを伴う主にマルテンサイトである微細組織を得ることができる。この残留オーステナイトは冷却温度に依存する。すなわち、その含量は冷却温度とともに減少する。)、
(4)場合によっては、その後、室温で保持し、
(5)有利には、さらに第二の冷却を−40℃未満、より有利には−60℃未満、さらに有利には約−75℃の温度まで特に2時間行い(この工程によって、残留オーステナイト含量を低減できる。)、
(6)有利には、1回以上、より有利には少なくとも3回の焼戻し処理を有利には475℃以上、より有利には500℃以上、特に550℃以上、とりわけ約560℃の温度でとりわけ各回1時間行ってもよい(上記焼戻し処理によって、炭化物の析出及び残留オーステナイトの部分又は完全固溶が起こる。これにより、延性を得ることができる。)。
a)製鋼工程と、
b)鋼加工工程と、
c)熱化学処理と、
d)熱処理と
を有する製造方法に関する。
下記表1に示す組成に従い、VIM−VAR法によってそれぞれ約110kgの試験鋳物を3種類(本発明に係る2つの実施例:実施例1及び実施例2、並びに特許文献2に記載の比較例:比較例1)作製した。
Claims (16)
- 全組成物に対する重量%として、
炭素:0.05〜0.40、好ましくは0.10〜0.30;
クロム:2.50〜5.00、好ましくは3.00〜4.50;
モリブデン:4.00〜6.00;
タングステン:0.01〜1.80、好ましくは0.02〜1.50;
バナジウム:1.00〜3.00、好ましくは1.50〜2.50;
ニッケル:2.00〜4.00;
コバルト:2.00〜8.00、好ましくは3.00〜7.00;
鉄:残部、
及び不可避的不純物を含有し、有利には本質的にそれらからなり、
ニオブ:≦2.00;
窒素:≦0.50、好ましくは≦0.20;
ケイ素:≦0.70、好ましくは0.05〜0.50;
マンガン:≦0.70、好ましくは0.05〜0.50;
アルミニウム:≦0.15、好ましくは≦0.10
のうち1種以上の元素をさらに含有してもよいが、
ニオブ+バナジウムの合計含量は1.00〜3.50の範囲であり、
炭素+窒素の含量は0.05〜0.50の範囲である
浸炭可能な及び/又は窒化可能な鋼組成物。 - 全組成物に対する重量%として、
炭素:0.10〜0.30、好ましくは0.15〜0.25;
クロム:3.00〜4.50、好ましくは3.50〜4.50;
モリブデン:4.00〜6.00、好ましくは4.50〜5.50;
タングステン:0.02〜1.50、好ましくは0.03〜1.40;
バナジウム:1.50〜2.50;
ニッケル:2.00〜4.00、好ましくは2.50〜3.50;
コバルト:3.00〜7.00、好ましくは4.00〜6.00;
ケイ素:0.05〜0.50、好ましくは0.05〜0.30;
マンガン:0.05〜0.50、好ましくは0.05〜0.30;
鉄:残部、
及び不可避的不純物を含有し、有利には本質的にそれらからなり、
ニオブ:≦2.00;
窒素:≦0.20;
アルミニウム:≦0.10
のうち1種以上の元素をさらに含有してもよいが、
ニオブ+バナジウムの合計含量は1.00〜3.50の範囲であり、
炭素+窒素の含量は0.05〜0.50の範囲である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼組成物。 - 上記不可避的不純物を上記組成物の全重量に対して最大で1重量%、有利には最大で0.5重量%含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の鋼組成物。
- 上記不可避的不純物は、チタン、硫黄、リン、銅、スズ、鉛、酸素、及びこれらの混合物から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物。
- タングステンの含量は、全組成物に対する重量%として0.03〜1.40、好ましくは0.04〜1.30の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物。
- 熱化学処理、有利には浸炭、窒化、浸炭窒化、又は浸炭後窒化による熱化学処理を行い、さらに熱処理を行った場合、表面硬度が64HRC以上、有利には65HRC以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物。
- 熱化学処理、有利には浸炭、窒化、浸炭窒化、又は浸炭後窒化による熱化学処理を行い、さらに熱処理を行った場合、残留オーステナイト含量が10%未満であり、かつフェライト及びパーライトを含有しないマルテンサイト組織を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物。
- 上記熱処理では、1090℃〜1160℃の温度で固溶化熱処理を行った後、焼入れを行い、場合によっては、−40℃未満の温度までの冷却及び475℃以上の温度での数回、有利には少なくとも3回の焼戻し処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の鋼組成物。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物を含む鋼ブランクを製造する方法であって、
a)製鋼工程と、
b)鋼加工工程と、
c)熱化学処理と、
d)熱処理と
を有することを特徴とする製造方法。 - 上記工程c)は、浸炭処理、窒化処理、浸炭窒化処理、又は浸炭後窒化処理、有利には浸炭処理からなることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 上記工程d)では、1090℃〜1160℃、有利には1100℃〜1150℃の温度で固溶化熱処理を行った後、完全にオーステナイト化するまで上記温度で保持し、場合によっては、−40℃未満、有利には−75℃の温度までの冷却及び475℃以上、有利には500℃以上の温度での数回、有利には少なくとも3回の焼戻し処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の製造方法。
- 上記工程b)は、圧延、鍛造、及び/又は押出を行う工程からなることを特徴とする請求項9〜11のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 上記製鋼工程a)は、アーク炉精錬及びエレクトロスラグ再溶解(ESR)という従来の製鋼方法、あるいはエレクトロスラグ再溶解(ESR)及び/又は真空アーク再溶解(VAR)工程を組み合わせてもよいVIM−VAR法、あるいはガス噴霧及び熱間静水圧プレス(HIP)による圧縮等の粉末冶金法によって実施することを特徴とする請求項9〜12のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項9〜13のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法で得られる鋼ブランク。
- 機械装置、有利にはベアリングを製造するための請求項14に記載の鋼ブランク又は請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物の使用。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の鋼組成物を含む、又は請求項14に記載の鋼ブランクを用いて得られる鋼製機械装置、有利にはベアリング又は歯車装置。
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WO2017216500A1 (fr) | 2017-12-21 |
FR3052789A1 (fr) | 2017-12-22 |
JP7165128B2 (ja) | 2022-11-02 |
FR3052789B1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 |
CN109790594A (zh) | 2019-05-21 |
CN117867408A (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
EP3472363A1 (fr) | 2019-04-24 |
US20190338383A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
US10865457B2 (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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