JP2019132170A - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
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- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1459—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a hydrocarbon content or concentration
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- B01D2251/00—Reactants
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Abstract
Description
以下、図1〜図6を参照して、本発明の第一実施形態について説明する。
図1は、本発明の第一実施形態に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置が設けられた内燃機関を概略的に示す図である。図1に示される内燃機関1は圧縮自着火式内燃機関(ディーゼルエンジン)である。内燃機関1は車両に搭載される。
以下、本発明の第一実施形態に係る内燃機関1の排気浄化装置(以下、単に「排気浄化装置」と称する)の構成について説明する。排気浄化装置は、フィルタ29と、触媒28と、排気通路を介して触媒28に燃料を供給する燃料供給装置と、燃料供給装置による燃料の供給を制御する制御装置とを備える。本実施形態では、排気燃料噴射弁35が燃料供給装置に相当し、ECU80が制御装置に相当する。
排気浄化装置では、排気ガス中のPMがフィルタ29に捕集されることで、排気ガスが浄化される。しかしながら、フィルタ29に捕集されたPMの量が多くなると、フィルタ29の閉塞(目詰まり)が生じ、フィルタ29を通した排気ガスの排出が阻害される。このため、フィルタ29に捕集されたPMを定期的に除去する必要がある。
このため、本実施形態では、排気浄化装置の制御装置は、触媒28に付着したPMを除去すべく、燃料供給装置から触媒28に液相の燃料を供給する。以下、液相の燃料を触媒28に供給することによって、触媒28に付着したPMが除去されるメカニズムについて説明する。
以下、フローチャートを参照して、上述した制御について詳細に説明する。図3は、本発明の第一実施形態におけるPM除去処理の制御ルーチンを示すフローチャートである。本制御ルーチンは、排気浄化装置の制御装置(本実施形態ではECU80)によって繰り返し実行される。
第二実施形態に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、以下に説明する点を除いて、基本的に第一実施形態に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置と同様である。このため、以下、本発明の第二実施形態について、第一実施形態と異なる部分を中心に説明する。
図7は、本発明の第二実施形態におけるPM除去処理の制御ルーチンを示すフローチャートである。本制御ルーチンは、排気浄化装置の制御装置(本実施形態ではECU80)によって繰り返し実行される。
第三実施形態に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置は、以下に説明する点を除いて、基本的に第一実施形態に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置と同様である。このため、以下、本発明の第三実施形態について、第一実施形態と異なる部分を中心に説明する。
図8は、本発明の第三実施形態におけるPM除去処理の制御ルーチンを示すフローチャートである。本制御ルーチンは、排気浄化装置の制御装置(本実施形態ではECU80)によって繰り返し実行される。
3 筒内燃料噴射弁
27 排気管
28 触媒
35 排気燃料噴射弁
80 電子制御ユニット(ECU)
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に配置された触媒と、
前記排気通路を介して前記触媒に燃料を供給する燃料供給装置と、
前記燃料供給装置による燃料の供給を制御する制御装置と
を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記燃料供給装置によって前記排気通路に供給される燃料の排気ガス中の濃度と、燃料の飽和蒸気圧濃度とを算出し、該排気ガス中の濃度が該飽和蒸気圧濃度よりも高い場合にのみ、前記燃料供給装置から前記触媒に燃料を供給する、内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記排気ガス中の濃度が前記飽和蒸気圧濃度よりも高い場合、前記触媒に供給される液相の燃料の合計要求量を、前記触媒に供給される液相の燃料の流量で除算することによって燃料供給時間を算出し、該燃料供給時間だけ前記燃料供給装置から前記触媒に燃料を供給する、請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記燃料供給装置は、前記触媒よりも排気流れ方向上流側の前記排気通路に燃料を噴射する排気燃料噴射弁と、気筒内に燃料を噴射する筒内燃料噴射弁とであり、
前記制御装置は、前記排気ガス中の濃度が前記飽和蒸気圧濃度よりも高くなるように、前記排気燃料噴射弁及び前記筒内燃料噴射弁の両方から前記触媒に燃料を供給する、請求項1又は2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記燃料供給装置は、気筒内に燃料を噴射する筒内燃料噴射弁を含み、
前記制御装置は、前記筒内燃料噴射弁から噴射される燃料の軽質化を考慮して前記飽和蒸気圧濃度を算出する、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記燃料供給装置と前記触媒との間にタービンが配置されており、
前記制御装置は、前記タービンによる燃料の拡散を考慮して前記排気ガス中の濃度を算出する、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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