JP2019063727A - Semipermeable membrane support - Google Patents

Semipermeable membrane support Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2019063727A
JP2019063727A JP2017190966A JP2017190966A JP2019063727A JP 2019063727 A JP2019063727 A JP 2019063727A JP 2017190966 A JP2017190966 A JP 2017190966A JP 2017190966 A JP2017190966 A JP 2017190966A JP 2019063727 A JP2019063727 A JP 2019063727A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
semipermeable membrane
membrane support
mass
fiber
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2017190966A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2019063727A5 (en
Inventor
真一 江角
Shinichi Esumi
真一 江角
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Priority to JP2017190966A priority Critical patent/JP2019063727A/en
Publication of JP2019063727A publication Critical patent/JP2019063727A/en
Publication of JP2019063727A5 publication Critical patent/JP2019063727A5/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a semipermeable membrane support having sufficient resistance to high temperature and high concentration alkaline liquid, high strength, manufacturing stability and no strike-through to a non-coating surface because of good infiltration of a semipermeable membrane solution and being excellent in semipermeable membrane coating property and adhesiveness between a semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support.SOLUTION: In a semipermeable membrane support used by providing a semipermeable membrane on at least one surface of the semipermeable membrane support, the semipermeable membrane support: includes a core-sheath type composite fiber whose core component is polypropylene and sheath component is high-density polyethylene of 30 mass% or more and 90 mass% or less; includes a single fiber made of high crystalline polypropylene of 10 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less; is made of only polyolefin fibers; and has a permeability of 1.0-20.0 cm/cmsec.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、半透膜支持体に関する。   The present invention relates to a semipermeable membrane support.

海水の淡水化、浄水器、食品の濃縮、廃水処理、血液濾過に代表される医療用、半導体洗浄用の超純水製造等の分野で、半透膜が広く用いられている。半透膜の分離機能層としては、セルロース系樹脂、ポリスルホン系樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル系樹脂、フッ素系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂等の多孔質性樹脂で構成されている。しかし、これら多孔質性樹脂単体では機械的強度に劣るため、不織布や織布などの繊維基材からなる半透膜支持体の片面に半透膜が設けられた複合体の形態である濾過膜が使用されている。半透膜支持体において、半透膜が設けられる面を「塗布面」と称する。   Semipermeable membranes are widely used in the fields of desalination of seawater, water purifiers, food concentration, wastewater treatment, medical treatment typified by blood filtration, and ultrapure water for semiconductor cleaning. The separation functional layer of the semipermeable membrane is made of a porous resin such as a cellulose resin, a polysulfone resin, a polyacrylonitrile resin, a fluorine resin, or a polyester resin. However, since such porous resin alone is inferior in mechanical strength, a filtration membrane in the form of a composite in which a semipermeable membrane is provided on one side of a semipermeable membrane support made of a fibrous base material such as nonwoven fabric or woven fabric. Is used. In the semipermeable membrane support, the surface on which the semipermeable membrane is provided is referred to as "coated surface".

半透膜支持体に要求される性能としては、半透膜塗布面の平滑性に優れ、製膜後の半透膜における凹凸が少ないこと、半透膜溶液が非塗布面に裏抜けしないこと、半透膜と半透膜支持体との接着性が良好であること、半透膜の塗布前後でカールやシートの収縮が少ないこと等が挙げられる。例えば、ポリエステル不織布を用いたポリスルホン限外ろ過膜が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   As the performance required for the semipermeable membrane support, the smoothness of the semipermeable membrane coated surface is excellent, the unevenness in the semipermeable membrane after film formation is small, and the semipermeable membrane solution does not fall through to the non-coated surface The adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support is good, and curling and shrinkage of the sheet are small before and after application of the semipermeable membrane. For example, a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane using a polyester non-woven fabric is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

一方で、半透膜をアルカリ廃液の処理に使用する場合や、処理する水は酸性から中性域であるものの、半透膜の洗浄時にアルカリ性の洗浄液を使用する場合がある。しかしながら、ポリエステル不織布を用いた半透膜支持体は、アルカリ性液に容易に加水分解されて損傷を受け、こうした用途では使用できない。   On the other hand, when the semipermeable membrane is used to treat alkaline waste liquid, or the water to be treated is in the acidic to neutral region, an alkaline cleaning solution may be used when the semipermeable membrane is washed. However, a semipermeable membrane support using a polyester non-woven fabric is easily hydrolyzed and damaged in an alkaline solution and can not be used in such applications.

アルカリ性液への耐性付与を目的に、ポリプロピレンを芯材、ポリエチレンを鞘材とした複合繊維を熱処理した半透膜支持体、ポリプロピレン単繊維から形成された不織布層を表面に有し、その表面に透過膜を設ける半透膜支持体(例えば、特許文献2及び3参照)等が提案されている。このようなポリオレフィン系繊維は、耐アルカリ性や耐酸化性に優れるが、ポリオレフィン系繊維の含有率が高い不織布の製造は比較的難しく、地合が不均一になる、製造安定性に劣るといった問題があった。また、ポリオレフィン系繊維は耐熱性に劣るせいか、半透膜支持体の一方の面に半透膜を設ける製造工程にて、皺やカールが発生するといった問題が生じていた。   In order to impart resistance to an alkaline liquid, it has a semipermeable membrane support obtained by heat-treating a composite fiber comprising polypropylene as a core material and polyethylene as a sheath material, and a non-woven fabric layer formed of polypropylene single fiber on the surface. Semipermeable membrane supports provided with a permeable membrane (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3) and the like have been proposed. Although such polyolefin fibers are excellent in alkali resistance and oxidation resistance, it is relatively difficult to produce non-woven fabrics having a high content of polyolefin fibers, and the formation becomes uneven, and the production stability is poor. there were. In addition, the polyolefin fiber has poor heat resistance, which causes a problem that wrinkles or curls are generated in the manufacturing process of providing the semipermeable membrane on one surface of the semipermeable membrane support.

上記のような問題に対して、ポリプロピレン系樹脂を芯材とし、高密度ポリエチレン系樹脂を鞘材とする芯鞘型複合繊維を含む繊維シートを熱処理してなる耐アルカリ性に優れた半透膜支持体(例えば、特許文献4参照)が提案されている。この設計の場合、熱処理により、半透膜支持体表面が皮膜化しやすく、半透膜が半透膜支持体に十分に浸み込めず、半透膜と半透膜支持体との接着性が不十分になる問題があった。   To solve the above problems, a semipermeable membrane support with excellent alkali resistance obtained by heat-treating a fiber sheet containing core-sheath composite fibers using a polypropylene resin as a core and a high density polyethylene resin as a sheath A body (see, for example, Patent Document 4) has been proposed. In the case of this design, due to the heat treatment, the surface of the semipermeable membrane support is likely to form a film, the semipermeable membrane does not penetrate sufficiently into the semipermeable membrane support, and the adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support There was a problem that became insufficient.

一方で、ポリプロピレン系樹脂を芯材とし、低融点ポリプロピレン系樹脂を鞘材とする第1の芯鞘型複合繊維と、ポリプロピレン系樹脂を芯材とし、低密度ポリエチレン系樹脂を鞘材とする第2の芯鞘型複合繊維とを含む耐アルカリ性に優れた半透膜(例えば、特許文献5参照)が提案されている。結晶性の低い低融点ポリプロピレン系樹脂を鞘材とすると耐アルカリ性が不十分になり、高温や高濃度のアルカリ性液に晒された場合に劣化による繊維の脱落や空隙の広がりにより、性能が早期に低下する問題があった。   On the other hand, a first core-sheath composite fiber comprising a polypropylene-based resin as a core and a low melting point polypropylene-based resin as a sheath, and a polypropylene-based resin as a core and a low density polyethylene-based resin as a sheath A semi-permeable membrane excellent in alkali resistance (see, for example, Patent Document 5) including the two core-sheath composite fibers has been proposed. If a low-melting point polypropylene resin with low crystallinity is used as a sheath material, the alkali resistance will be insufficient, and when exposed to high temperature or high concentration alkaline liquid, the performance will be early due to the falling of fibers due to deterioration and the spread of voids. There was a problem of falling.

特開昭54−14376号公報JP-A-54-14376 特開2001−17842号公報Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-17842 特開昭56−152705号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-152705 特開2012−106177号公報JP 2012-106177 A 特開2014−128769号公報JP, 2014-128769, A

本発明の課題は、高温や高濃度のアルカリ性液に対する十分な耐性を有し、強度が強く、製造安定性、半透膜塗布適性に優れ、半透膜溶液の滲み込みが良く、非塗布面への裏抜けがなく、半透膜と半透膜支持体との接着性に優れる半透膜支持体を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is to have sufficient resistance to high temperature and high concentration alkaline liquid, high strength, excellent production stability and semipermeable membrane coating suitability, good penetration of semipermeable membrane solution, non-coated surface It is an object of the present invention to provide a semipermeable membrane support which is free from penetration and has excellent adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support.

上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、半透膜支持体の少なくとも一方の面に半透膜を設けて用いる半透膜支持体において、該半透膜支持体が、ポリプロピレンを芯成分とし、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維を30質量%以上、90質量%以下含有し、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を10質量%以上、70質量%以下含有し、ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなり、通気度が1.0〜20.0cm/cm・secであることを特徴とする半透膜支持体を見出した。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, in a semipermeable membrane support used by providing a semipermeable membrane on at least one surface of a semipermeable membrane support, the semipermeable membrane support has polypropylene as a core component And 30% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of a core-sheath composite fiber having high density polyethylene as a sheath component, and 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less of single fibers made of high crystalline polypropylene We have found a semipermeable membrane support comprising only fibers and having an air permeability of 1.0 to 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

本発明の半透膜支持体は、ポリプロピレンを芯成分、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維を30質量%以上、90質量%以下含有し、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を10質量%以上、70質量%以下含有し、ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなり、通気度が1.0〜20.0cm/cm・secであることを特徴とする。以上の構成とすることで、高温や高濃度のアルカリ性液に対する十分な耐性を有し、強度が強く、製造安定性、半透膜塗布適性に優れ、半透膜溶液の滲み込みが良く、非塗布面への裏抜けがなく、半透膜と半透膜支持体との接着性に優れる半透膜支持体を生み出すことが可能となった。 The semipermeable membrane support of the present invention contains 30% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of core-sheath composite fiber having polypropylene as a core component and high density polyethylene as a sheath component, and is a single fiber composed of high crystalline polypropylene It contains 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, is made of only polyolefin fiber, and has an air permeability of 1.0 to 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec. With the above constitution, it has sufficient resistance to high temperature and high concentration alkaline liquid, has high strength, is excellent in production stability and semipermeable membrane aptitude, and has good penetration of semipermeable membrane solution, It has become possible to produce a semipermeable membrane support excellent in the adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support without causing penetration to the coated surface.

本発明における半透膜支持体は、ポリプロピレンを芯成分、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維を30質量%以上、90質量%以下含有し、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を10質量%以上、70質量%以下含有し、ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなる。本発明者は、半透膜支持体の一方の面に半透膜を設ける製造工程で半透膜が十分に浸み込まない問題に着目し、この現象が半透膜支持体の製造工程でかかる熱により、半透膜支持体表面が皮膜化することが原因であることを見出した。そして、半透膜支持体の皮膜化抑制について鋭意検討した結果、芯鞘型複合繊維に加え、10質量%以上のポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を用いることで、半透膜支持体の熱による皮膜化が抑制され、さらには製造工程での収縮皺の抑制が可能となることを見出した。   The semipermeable membrane support in the present invention contains 30% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of core-sheath composite fiber having polypropylene as a core component and high density polyethylene as a sheath component, and is a single fiber composed of high crystalline polypropylene. It contains 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, and consists only of polyolefin fibers. The present inventor noted the problem that the semipermeable membrane is not sufficiently penetrated in the manufacturing process of providing the semipermeable membrane on one surface of the semipermeable membrane support, and this phenomenon is a process of manufacturing the semipermeable membrane support. It has been found that the heat causes the film surface of the semipermeable membrane support to form. And as a result of earnestly examining about the film formation suppression of a semipermeable membrane support, the film by the heat of a semipermeable membrane support by using the single fiber which consists of 10 mass% or more of polypropylene in addition to core-sheath-type composite fiber Have been found to be able to suppress shrinkage and to be able to suppress shrinkage in the manufacturing process.

しかし、ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を用いることにより、半透膜支持体表面の皮膜化が抑制され半透膜と半透膜支持体の接着性が十分に向上された一方で、高温や高濃度のアルカリ性液に晒される使用環境下において品質の劣化が早期に生じる問題が発生した。本発明者は、この現象がポリプロピレンの劣化が原因であることを見出した。そして、ポリプロピレンの劣化抑制について鋭意検討した結果、高結晶ポリプロピレンを用いることで、高温や高濃度のアルカリ性液に晒される使用環境下においても品質劣化の抑制が可能となることを見出したのである。   However, by using a single fiber made of polypropylene, the film formation on the surface of the semipermeable membrane support is suppressed and the adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support is sufficiently improved, while high temperature and high concentration In the use environment exposed to the alkaline liquid, there is a problem that the deterioration of quality occurs early. The inventor has found that this phenomenon is due to the deterioration of polypropylene. And as a result of earnestly examining about deterioration suppression of polypropylene, it discovered that it could become possible to suppress quality deterioration also in the use environment exposed to high temperature and high concentration alkaline liquid by using high crystalline polypropylene.

本発明に使用されるポリプロピレンを芯成分とし、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維を構成する芯成分としては、ポリプロピレンを使用するが、繊維物性を調整するため、必要に応じて高密度ポリエチレンやポリメチルペンテン等のポリオレフィンを混合することができる。前記ポリオレフィンの混合比率としては、芯成分の10質量%以下であることが好ましい。また、必要に応じて、通常のポリオレフィンに用いられる樹脂添加剤を添加することができる。樹脂添加剤としては、各種酸化防止剤、中和剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、造核剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤等が挙げられ、添加する場合の添加量としては、樹脂に対して0.01質量%以上1.0質量%以下の範囲で用いられる。   Polypropylene is used as a core component constituting core-sheath type composite fibers having polypropylene as a core component and high density polyethylene as a sheath component according to the present invention, but in order to adjust fiber physical properties, it is necessary to Polyolefins such as high density polyethylene and polymethylpentene can be mixed. The mixing ratio of the polyolefin is preferably 10% by mass or less of the core component. Moreover, the resin additive used for normal polyolefin can be added as needed. Examples of resin additives include various antioxidants, neutralizing agents, light stabilizers, ultraviolet light absorbers, nucleating agents, lubricants, antistatic agents and the like. It is used in the range of 0.01 mass% or more and 1.0 mass% or less.

次に、前記芯鞘型複合繊維を構成する鞘成分としては、高密度ポリエチレンを使用する。また、必要に応じて、通常のポリオレフィンに用いられる樹脂添加剤を添加することができる。樹脂添加剤としては、各種酸化防止剤、中和剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、造核剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤等が挙げられ、添加する場合の添加量としては、樹脂に対して0.01質量%以上、1.0質量%以下の範囲で用いられる。   Next, high-density polyethylene is used as a sheath component constituting the core-sheath type composite fiber. Moreover, the resin additive used for normal polyolefin can be added as needed. Examples of resin additives include various antioxidants, neutralizing agents, light stabilizers, ultraviolet light absorbers, nucleating agents, lubricants, antistatic agents and the like. It is used in the range of 0.01 mass% or more and 1.0 mass% or less.

高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維には、繊維物性を調整するため、必要に応じて高密度ポリエチレンやポリメチルペンテン等のポリオレフィンを混合することができる。前記ポリオレフィンの混合比率としては、芯成分の10質量%以下であることが好ましい。また、必要に応じて、通常のポリオレフィンに用いられる樹脂添加剤を添加することができる。樹脂添加剤としては、各種酸化防止剤、中和剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、造核剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤等が挙げられ、添加する場合の添加量としては、樹脂に対して0.01質量%以上1.0質量%以下の範囲で用いられる。なお、本発明において、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維とは、引張り強さが4.5cN/dtex以上であるポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維をいう。本発明の高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維の引張り強さは、5.0cN/dtex以上であることがより好ましく、5.5cN/dtex以上であることがさらに好ましく、6.0cN/dtex以上であることが特に好ましい。引張り強さの上限は特に限定するものではないが、60cN/dtexである。引張り強さは、JIS L 1015:2010に記載の方法で、試験機として単繊維引張試験機を用い、つかみ間隔20mm、引張速度20mm/minの条件で測定した。   In order to adjust fiber physical properties, polyolefin such as high density polyethylene or polymethylpentene can be mixed with a single fiber made of high crystalline polypropylene as needed. The mixing ratio of the polyolefin is preferably 10% by mass or less of the core component. Moreover, the resin additive used for normal polyolefin can be added as needed. Examples of resin additives include various antioxidants, neutralizing agents, light stabilizers, ultraviolet light absorbers, nucleating agents, lubricants, antistatic agents and the like. It is used in the range of 0.01 mass% or more and 1.0 mass% or less. In the present invention, a single fiber made of high crystalline polypropylene refers to a single fiber made of polypropylene having a tensile strength of 4.5 cN / dtex or more. The tensile strength of a single fiber made of the highly crystalline polypropylene of the present invention is more preferably 5.0 cN / dtex or more, still more preferably 5.5 cN / dtex or more, and 6.0 cN / dtex or more Being particularly preferred. The upper limit of the tensile strength is not particularly limited, but is 60 cN / dtex. The tensile strength was measured by the method described in JIS L 1015: 2010, using a single fiber tensile tester as a tester, under conditions of a grip distance of 20 mm and a tensile speed of 20 mm / min.

本発明の半透膜支持体は、ポリプロピレンを芯成分とし、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維を30質量%以上、90質量%以下含有する。好ましくは50質量%以上、より好ましくは70質量%以上である。30質量%未満では、不織布製造時に割れや皺等が発生しやすくなり、地合の均一性や製造安定性が低下する。   The semipermeable membrane support of the present invention contains 30% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of a core-sheath composite fiber having polypropylene as a core component and high density polyethylene as a sheath component. Preferably it is 50 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 70 mass% or more. If the amount is less than 30% by mass, cracking or wrinkles tend to occur during the production of the non-woven fabric, and the uniformity of formation and the production stability decrease.

本発明の半透膜支持体は、ポリプロピレンを芯成分とし、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維と高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を含有するが、この芯鞘型複合繊維及び単一繊維を含めたすべてのポリオレフィン系繊維の含有率は100質量%である。ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなる半透膜支持体では、高温や高濃度のアルカリ性液に対する耐性が向上する。   The semipermeable membrane support of the present invention comprises core-sheath composite fibers comprising polypropylene as a core component and high-density polyethylene as a sheath component, and single fibers comprising high-crystalline polypropylene, and the core-sheath composite fibers and The content of all polyolefin fibers including single fibers is 100% by mass. The semipermeable membrane support consisting only of polyolefin fibers improves the resistance to high temperature and high concentration alkaline liquids.

本発明の半透膜支持体は、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を10質量%以上、70質量%以下含有する。好ましくは30質量%以上、70質量%以下含有する。10質量%未満では、半透膜の滲み込みが不十分となり、半透膜と半透膜支持体の接着性が低下する。70質量%を超えると、不織布製造時に十分な強度が発現せず、製造安定性が低下する。   The semipermeable membrane support of the present invention contains 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less of single fibers made of high crystalline polypropylene. Preferably, the content is 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less. If the amount is less than 10% by mass, the penetration of the semipermeable membrane is insufficient, and the adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support is reduced. When it exceeds 70% by mass, sufficient strength is not expressed at the time of non-woven fabric production, and the production stability is reduced.

本発明において、ポリオレフィン系繊維とは、1つ以上の二重結合を分子内に有し、炭素と水素を構成元素とする一種類以上の単量体を重合した単一樹脂又は共重合樹脂を溶融紡糸して繊維化したものであり、ビニロン繊維やエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体繊維等のように、炭素と水素以外の構成元素を含有する単量体を重合した単一樹脂又は共重合樹脂を溶融紡糸した繊維は含まない。前記芯鞘型複合繊維及び単一繊維と併用して使用することのできるポリオレフィン系繊維としては、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維等の単一成分からなる繊維、2種類以上の異なるポリオレフィンの混合物からなる混合ポリオレフィン繊維、2種類以上の異なるオレフィンの共重合体からなる共重合ポリオレフィン繊維、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、共重合ポリオレフィン等の樹脂を適宜組み合わせた、芯鞘型、サイドバイサイド型、偏芯型あるいは分割性複合繊維等が挙げられる。   In the present invention, a polyolefin fiber is a single resin or copolymer resin obtained by polymerizing one or more kinds of monomers having one or more double bonds in the molecule and having carbon and hydrogen as constituent elements. A single resin or copolymer resin obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing a constituent element other than carbon and hydrogen such as vinylon fiber and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer fiber, which is melt-spinning and fiberized. Does not include melt spun fibers. As polyolefin-based fibers that can be used in combination with the core-sheath composite fiber and a single fiber, a fiber consisting of a single component such as polyethylene fiber or polypropylene fiber, or a mixture consisting of a mixture of two or more different polyolefins Core-sheath type, side-by-side type, eccentric type or splittable composite fiber in which a polyolefin fiber, a copolymerized polyolefin fiber consisting of a copolymer of two or more different olefins, and a resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene and copolymerized polyolefin are appropriately combined Etc.

本発明の半透膜支持体で使用される繊維の繊維径、繊維長は特に限定されないが、不織布強度と製造性等から、繊維径は1μm以上、30μm以下が好ましく、より好ましくは3μm以上、25μm以下、特に好ましくは5μm以上、20μm以下である。繊維長は1mm以上、20mm以下が好ましく、より好ましくは1mm以上、12mm以下、特に好ましくは3mm以上、10mm以下である。繊維の断面形状は円形が好ましいが、T型、Y型、三角等の異形断面を有する繊維も、裏抜け防止、表面平滑性のために、繊維分散性等の他の特性を阻害しない範囲内で含有できる。また、分割性複合繊維を水流交絡やリファイナーにより細分化して使用することもできる。   The fiber diameter and fiber length of the fibers used in the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention are not particularly limited, but the fiber diameter is preferably 1 μm or more and 30 μm or less, more preferably 3 μm or more, in view of nonwoven fabric strength and manufacturability. It is 25 micrometers or less, Especially preferably, they are 5 micrometers or more and 20 micrometers or less. The fiber length is preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or more and 12 mm or less, and particularly preferably 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is preferably circular, but fibers having an irregular cross-section such as T-type, Y-type, triangle, etc. are also within a range that does not inhibit other properties such as fiber dispersibility for the prevention of strikethrough and surface smoothness. Can be contained in In addition, the splittable composite fiber can also be used by being subdivided by water flow entanglement or a refiner.

本発明の半透膜支持体の通気度は1.0〜20.0cm/cm・secである。好ましくは2.0〜15.0cm/cm・sec、より好ましくは3.0〜10.0cm/cm・secである。1.0cm/cm・secより小さいと、半透膜と半透膜支持体との接着性に劣る。20.0cm/cm・secより大きいと、半透膜溶液を塗布した際に裏抜けが発生し、また半透膜塗布面の平滑性にも劣る。 The permeability of the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention is 1.0 to 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec. Preferably, it is 2.0 to 15.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec, more preferably 3.0 to 10.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec. If it is smaller than 1.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec, the adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support is poor. When it is larger than 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec, strikethrough occurs when the semipermeable membrane solution is applied, and the smoothness of the semipermeable membrane coated surface is also inferior.

本発明の半透膜支持体の製造方法について説明する。本発明の半透膜支持体の製造方法としては、一般的な不織布の製造方法がいずれも使用でき、繊維ウェブを形成し、繊維ウェブ内の繊維を接着・融着・絡合させることにより製造することができる。繊維ウェブの製造方法としては、例えば、湿式抄造法や、カード法、エアレイド法等の乾式法等が挙げられる。しかしながら、カード法、エアレイド法等の乾式法は、繊維長の長い繊維を用いることができるが、均一な繊維ウェブの形成が困難で、湿式抄造法に比べ、一般的に地合が劣るという問題がある。   The method for producing the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention will be described. As a method for producing the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention, any of general non-woven fabric production methods can be used, and a fiber web is formed, and fibers in the fiber web are bonded, fused and entangled. can do. Examples of the method for producing the fiber web include a wet sheet-forming method, a card method, and a dry method such as air-laid method. However, although dry methods such as the card method and air laid method can use fibers having a long fiber length, it is difficult to form a uniform fiber web, and the formation is generally inferior to that of the wet sheet forming method. There is.

一方、湿式抄造法は、生産速度が乾式法に比べて速く、同一装置で繊維径の異なる繊維や複数の種類の繊維を任意の割合で均一に混合できる利点がある。即ち、繊維の形態もステープル状、パルプ状等と選択の幅は広く、使用可能な繊維径も極細繊維から太い繊維まで使用可能で、他の方法に比べ、良好な地合の繊維ウェブが得られる。これらのことから、本発明の半透膜支持体としては、湿式抄造法によって得られた湿式不織布が好ましい。   On the other hand, the wet sheet-making method has an advantage that the production speed is faster than the dry method, and fibers having different fiber diameters and plural kinds of fibers can be uniformly mixed at an arbitrary ratio in the same apparatus. That is, the form of the fiber is wide like a staple, a pulp, etc., and the usable fiber diameter can be used from very fine fiber to thick fiber, and a fiber web of good formation can be obtained compared to other methods. Be From these facts, as the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention, a wet non-woven fabric obtained by a wet sheet-forming method is preferable.

湿式抄造法では、繊維を均一に水中に分散させ、その後、スクリーン(異物、塊等除去)等の工程を通り、最終の繊維濃度を0.001〜0.50質量%に調製されたスラリーが抄紙機で抄き上げられ、湿紙が得られる。繊維の分散性を均一にするために、工程中で分散剤、消泡剤、親水剤、帯電防止剤、高分子粘剤、離型剤、抗菌剤、殺菌剤等の薬品を添加する場合もある。   In the wet sheet-forming method, the fibers are uniformly dispersed in water, and then the slurry is adjusted to a final fiber concentration of 0.001 to 0.50 mass% through the steps of removing screens (foreign matter, lumps, etc.) The paper is machined by a paper machine to obtain wet paper. Even when chemicals such as dispersant, defoamer, hydrophilic agent, antistatic agent, polymeric tackifier, mold release agent, antibacterial agent, bactericidal agent, etc. are added in the process to make the fiber dispersibility uniform. is there.

抄紙機としては、例えば、長網、円網、傾斜ワイヤー等の抄紙網が単独で設置されている抄紙機、同種又は異種の2種以上の抄紙網がオンラインで設置されているコンビネーション抄紙機等を使用することができる。また、本発明の半透膜支持体が2層以上の多層構造の場合には、各々の抄紙機で抄き上げた湿紙を積層する抄き合わせ法や、一方の層を形成した後に、該層上に繊維を分散したスラリーを流延して積層とする方法のいずれでも良い。繊維を分散したスラリーを流延する際に、先に形成した層は湿紙状態であっても、乾燥状態であってもいずれでも良い。また、2枚以上の層を熱融着させて、多層構造の不織布とすることもできる。
本発明の半透膜支持体において、不織布が多層構造である場合、各層の繊維配合が同一である多層構造であっても良く、半透膜支持体内の厚さ方向での液体の浸透性を制御する目的で、各層の繊維配合が異なっている多層構造であっても良い。多層構造の場合、各層の坪量が下がることにより、スラリーの繊維濃度を下げることができるため、不織布の地合が良くなり、その結果、塗布面の平滑性や均一性が向上する。また、各層の地合が不均一であった場合でも、積層することで補填できる。さらに、抄紙速度を上げることができ、操業性が向上する。
As the paper making machine, for example, a paper making machine in which a paper making net such as a long net, a circular net, an inclined wire etc. is installed alone, a combination paper making machine in which two or more types of paper making nets of the same or different types are installed online Can be used. Further, in the case where the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention has a multilayer structure of two or more layers, after one of the layers is formed by laminating a wet paper web made by each paper machine, or Any method of casting a slurry in which fibers are dispersed on the layer may be used for lamination. When the slurry in which the fibers are dispersed is cast, the layer previously formed may be in a wet paper state or in a dry state. Also, two or more layers can be heat-sealed to form a nonwoven fabric of multilayer structure.
In the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention, when the non-woven fabric has a multilayer structure, the fiber composition of each layer may be the same multi-layered structure, and the permeability of the liquid in the thickness direction in the semipermeable membrane support For the purpose of control, it may be a multilayer structure in which the fiber composition of each layer is different. In the case of a multilayer structure, the fiber concentration of the slurry can be lowered by lowering the basis weight of each layer, so that the formation of the non-woven fabric is improved, and as a result, the smoothness and uniformity of the coated surface are improved. Moreover, even if the formation of each layer is uneven, it can be compensated by laminating. Furthermore, the papermaking speed can be increased, and the operability is improved.

抄紙機で製造された湿紙を、ヤンキードライヤー、エアードライヤー、シリンダードライヤー、サクションドラム式ドライヤー、赤外方式ドライヤー等で乾燥することにより、シート(原紙)を得る。湿紙の乾燥の際に、ヤンキードライヤー等の熱ロールに密着させて熱圧乾燥させることによって、密着させた面の平滑性が向上する。熱圧乾燥とは、タッチロール等で熱ロールに湿紙を押しつけて乾燥させることをいう。熱ロールの表面温度は、90〜150℃が好ましく、100〜140℃がより好ましく、110〜140℃がさらに好ましい。圧力は、好ましくは50〜1000N/cm、より好ましくは100〜800N/cm、特に好ましくは150〜700N/cmである。   The wet paper web produced by the paper machine is dried with a Yankee dryer, air dryer, cylinder dryer, suction drum dryer, infrared dryer or the like to obtain a sheet (base paper). When the wet paper is dried, by bringing it into close contact with a heat roll such as a Yankee drier and performing heat and pressure drying, the smoothness of the adhered surface is improved. Hot-pressure drying refers to pressing a wet paper against a heat roll with a touch roll or the like to dry it. 90-150 degreeC is preferable, as for the surface temperature of a heat roll, 100-140 degreeC is more preferable, and 110-140 degreeC is further more preferable. The pressure is preferably 50 to 1000 N / cm, more preferably 100 to 800 N / cm, and particularly preferably 150 to 700 N / cm.

本発明の半透膜支持体において、シート化後に、さらに熱ロールによって熱圧工程を経ることが好ましい。シート熱圧加工装置のロール間をニップしながら、湿式抄造法で製造されたシートを通過させて熱圧加工を行う。ロールの組み合わせとしては、2本の金属ロール、金属ロールと樹脂ロール、金属ロールとコットンロール等が挙げられる。2本のロールは、一方あるいは両方を加熱する。その際に、熱ロールの表面温度、ロール間のニップ圧力、シートの加工速度を制御することによって、通気度、厚み等を制御し、所望の半透膜支持体を得る。熱ロールの表面温度は、好ましくは50〜140℃であり、より好ましくは70〜135℃、特に好ましくは90〜130℃である。ロールのニップ圧力は、好ましくは190〜1800N/cmであり、より好ましくは290〜1600N/cm、特に好ましくは390〜1500N/cmである。加工速度は、好ましくは4〜100m/minであり、より好ましくは10〜80m/min、特に好ましくは15〜70m/minである。熱ロールによる熱圧加工は2回以上行うことも可能であり、その場合、直列に配置された2組以上の上記のロール組み合わせを使用しても良いし、1組のロール組み合わせを用いて、2回加工しても良い。必要に応じて、シートの表裏を逆にしても良い。   In the semipermeable membrane support of the present invention, it is preferable to further undergo a hot pressing step by means of a heat roll after sheet formation. While nipping between the rolls of the sheet heat and pressure processing apparatus, the sheet manufactured by the wet paper forming method is passed to perform heat and pressure processing. As a combination of rolls, two metal rolls, a metal roll and a resin roll, a metal roll and a cotton roll, etc. may be mentioned. Two rolls heat one or both. At that time, by controlling the surface temperature of the heat roll, the nip pressure between the rolls, and the processing speed of the sheet, the air permeability, thickness and the like are controlled to obtain a desired semipermeable membrane support. The surface temperature of the heat roll is preferably 50 to 140 ° C., more preferably 70 to 135 ° C., particularly preferably 90 to 130 ° C. The nip pressure of the roll is preferably 190 to 1800 N / cm, more preferably 290 to 1600 N / cm, particularly preferably 390 to 1500 N / cm. The processing speed is preferably 4 to 100 m / min, more preferably 10 to 80 m / min, and particularly preferably 15 to 70 m / min. It is also possible to carry out hot pressing with a hot roll twice or more, in which case two or more sets of the above-mentioned roll combination arranged in series may be used, or one set of roll combination may be used, It may be processed twice. If necessary, the front and back of the sheet may be reversed.

半透膜支持体の坪量は、特に限定しないが、20〜150g/mが好ましく、より好ましくは30〜120g/m、特に好ましくは40〜100g/mである。20g/m未満の場合は、十分な引張強度が得られない場合がある。また、150g/mを超えると、通液抵抗が高くなる場合や、厚みが増してユニットやモジュール内に規定量の半透膜を収納できない場合がある。 The basis weight of the semipermeable membrane support is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 150 g / m 2 , more preferably 30 to 120 g / m 2 , and particularly preferably 40 to 100 g / m 2 . If it is less than 20 g / m 2 , sufficient tensile strength may not be obtained. Also, if it exceeds 150 g / m 2 , the flow resistance may increase, or the thickness may increase and a semipermeable membrane of a specified amount may not be accommodated in the unit or module.

また、半透膜支持体の密度は、0.25〜0.9g/cmであることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.3〜0.7g/cm、特に好ましくは0.4〜0.65g/cmである。半透膜支持体の密度が0.25g/cm未満の場合は、厚みが厚くなるため、ユニットに組み込める半透膜の面積が小さくなってしまい、結果として、半透膜の寿命が短くなってしまうことがある。一方、0.9g/cmを超える場合は、通液性が低くなることがあり、半透膜の寿命が短くなる場合がある。 The density of the semi-permeable membrane support is preferably 0.25~0.9g / cm 3, more preferably 0.3 to 0.7 g / cm 3, particularly preferably 0.4 to 0. It is 65 g / cm 3 . If the density of the semipermeable membrane support is less than 0.25 g / cm 3 , the thickness is increased, so the area of the semipermeable membrane that can be incorporated into the unit is decreased, and as a result, the life of the semipermeable membrane is shortened. There are times when On the other hand, when it exceeds 0.9 g / cm 3 , the liquid permeability may be lowered, and the life of the semipermeable membrane may be shortened.

半透膜支持体の厚みは、50〜200μmであることが好ましく、60〜150μmであることがより好ましく、70〜130μmであることがさらに好ましい。半透膜支持体の厚みが200μmを超えると、ユニットに組み込める半透膜の面積が小さくなってしまい、結果として、通液量が十分に得られなくなってしまうことがある。一方、50μm未満の場合、十分な引張強度が得られず、半透膜を設ける製造工程で皺が入りやすくなり、半透膜の寿命が短くなる場合がある。   The thickness of the semipermeable membrane support is preferably 50 to 200 μm, more preferably 60 to 150 μm, and still more preferably 70 to 130 μm. When the thickness of the semipermeable membrane support exceeds 200 μm, the area of the semipermeable membrane that can be incorporated into the unit becomes small, and as a result, the flow rate may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the thickness is less than 50 μm, sufficient tensile strength can not be obtained, wrinkles may easily occur in the manufacturing process of providing the semipermeable membrane, and the life of the semipermeable membrane may be shortened.

以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(実施例1)
ポリプロピレンを芯成分、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維(PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)90質量部、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維(高結晶PP繊維、引張強度9.4cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)10質量部とを混合し、パルパーの水中で離解、分散させ、アジテーターで緩やかに撹拌して均一な抄造用スラリーを調製した。パルパーの水中で離解、分散させ、アジテーターで緩やかに撹拌して均一な抄造用スラリーを調製した。この抄造用スラリーを円網抄紙機による湿式抄造法を用いて抄造し、135℃に設定されたヤンキードライヤーと併設されている熱風フードにより乾燥させると共に、PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維の鞘部分を熱溶融接着させて、幅500mm、坪量50g/mの不織布を得た。
Example 1
Core-sheath type composite fiber (PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) 90 parts by mass consisting of polypropylene as a core component and high density polyethylene as a sheath component, single fiber composed of high crystalline polypropylene ( 10 parts by mass of high crystalline PP fiber, tensile strength 9.4 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) are mixed, deaggregated and dispersed in water of pulper, and gently stirred by agitator for uniform sheet formation A slurry was prepared. The pulp was disintegrated and dispersed in water of a pulper, and gently stirred with an agitator to prepare a uniform sheet-forming slurry. This slurry for paper making is made into paper using a wet paper making method by a cylinder paper machine, dried by a hot air hood provided side by side with a Yankee dryer set at 135 ° C., and a sheath portion of PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber Were hot-melt bonded to obtain a non-woven fabric having a width of 500 mm and a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 .

得られた不織布を、2つの加熱金属ロールからなるカレンダー装置を用いて、各加熱金属ロール温度125℃、圧力785N/cm、加工速度20m/minの条件で加工し、実施例1の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度を、JIS L 1079に従い、通気度計(KES−F8−AP1:カトーテック(株)製)で測定したところ、5.1cm/cm・secであった。 The obtained non-woven fabric is processed using the calender device consisting of two heated metal rolls under the conditions of each heated metal roll temperature 125 ° C., pressure 785 N / cm, processing speed 20 m / min, and the semipermeable membrane of Example 1 A support was obtained. It was 5.1 cm < 3 > / cm < 2 > * when the air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was measured with the air permeability meter (KES-F8-AP1: made by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.) according to JISL1079.

(実施例2)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)70質量部、高結晶PP繊維(引張強度9.4cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)30質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、7.0cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 2)
70 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 30 parts by mass of high-crystalline PP fibers (tensile strength 9.4 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) The semipermeable membrane support of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 7.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(実施例3)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)30質量部、高結晶PP繊維(引張強度9.4cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)70質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例3の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、10.9cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 3)
30 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 70 parts by mass of high crystalline PP fibers (tensile strength 9.4 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) The semipermeable membrane support of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 10.9 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(実施例4)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)30質量部、高結晶PP繊維(引張強度4.7cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)70質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例4の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、5.0cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 4)
30 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 70 parts by mass of high crystalline PP fibers (tensile strength 4.7 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) The semipermeable membrane support of Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using it. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 5.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(実施例5)
実施例1において、カレンダー処理条件を圧力1200N/cm、加工速度10m/minに変更して、実施例5の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、1.8cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 5)
In Example 1, the calendering conditions were changed to a pressure of 1200 N / cm and a processing speed of 10 m / min to obtain a semipermeable membrane support of Example 5. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 1.8 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(実施例6)
実施例1において、カレンダー処理条件を加工速度10m/minに変更して、実施例6の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、3.7cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 6)
In Example 1, the calendering conditions were changed to a processing speed of 10 m / min to obtain a semipermeable membrane support of Example 6. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 3.7 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(実施例7)
実施例1において、カレンダー処理条件を各加熱金属ロール温度120℃、加工速度30m/minに変更して、実施例7の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、7.3cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 7)
In Example 1, the calendering conditions were changed to each heating metal roll temperature of 120 ° C. and the processing speed of 30 m / min to obtain a semipermeable membrane support of Example 7. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 7.3 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(実施例8)
実施例1において、カレンダー処理条件を各加熱金属ロール温度110℃、加工速度30m/minに変更して、実施例8の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、19.1cm/cm・secであった。
(Example 8)
In Example 1, the calendering conditions were changed to each heating metal roll temperature of 110 ° C., and the processing speed was 30 m / min, to obtain a semipermeable membrane support of Example 8. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 19.1 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例1)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)100質量部を使用して、実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、3.6cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 1)
A semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1, using 100 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm). The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 3.6 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例2)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)90質量部、ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維(PP繊維、引張強度4.1cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)10質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例2の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、4.5cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 2)
PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) 90 parts by mass, single fiber consisting of polypropylene (PP fiber, tensile strength 4.1 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) 10 A semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a part by mass was mixed and used. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 4.5 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例3)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)70質量部、PP繊維(引張強度4.1cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)30質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例3の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、6.8cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 3)
70 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 30 parts by mass of PP fibers (tensile strength 4.1 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) A semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except for the above. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 6.8 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例4)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)30質量部、PP繊維(引張強度4.1cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)70質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例4の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、10.2cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 4)
30 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 70 parts by mass of PP fibers (tensile strength 4.1 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) The semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except for the above. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 10.2 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例5)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)95質量部、高結晶PP繊維(引張強度9.4cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)5質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例5の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、4.0cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 5)
Mixed with 95 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core / sheath type composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 5 parts by mass of high crystalline PP fiber (tensile strength 9.4 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) A semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using it. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 4.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例6)
PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維(繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)25質量部、高結晶PP繊維(引張強度9.4cN/dtex、繊度0.8dtex、繊維長5mm)75質量部とを混合し使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例6の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、15.4cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 6)
Mixture of 25 parts by mass of PP / HDPE core-sheath type composite fiber (fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) and 75 parts by mass of high crystalline PP fiber (tensile strength 9.4 cN / dtex, fineness 0.8 dtex, fiber length 5 mm) A semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using it. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 15.4 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例7)
実施例1において、カレンダー処理条件を圧力1200N/cm、加工速度6m/minに変更して、比較例7の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、0.9cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 7)
In Example 1, the calendering conditions were changed to a pressure of 1200 N / cm and a processing speed of 6 m / min to obtain a semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 7. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 0.9 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

(比較例8)
実施例1において、カレンダー処理条件を各加熱金属ロール温度110℃、加工速度35m/minに変更して、比較例8の半透膜支持体を得た。半透膜支持体の通気度は、20.3cm/cm・secであった。
(Comparative example 8)
In Example 1, the calendering conditions were changed to respective heating metal roll temperatures of 110 ° C., and the processing speed was 35 m / min, to obtain a semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 8. The air permeability of the semipermeable membrane support was 20.3 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.

<評価>
実施例及び比較例で得られた半透膜支持体について、下記の評価を行い、結果を表1に示す。
<Evaluation>
The following evaluations were carried out for the semipermeable membrane support obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[不織布製造安定性]
実施例、比較例の半透膜支持体を5000m製造し、製造安定性を以下の基準で評価した。
[Non-woven fabric production stability]
The semipermeable membrane supports of Examples and Comparative Examples were produced 5000 m, and the production stability was evaluated according to the following criteria.

◎:シート切れ、割れ地合、シボ、濃淡ムラ、巻き皺等の不具合が全くない。非常に良好なレベル。
○:濃淡ムラ、巻き皺等の軽微な不具合が少し生じる。良好なレベル。
△:濃淡ムラ、巻き皺等の軽微な不具合が頻繁に生じる。実用上、使用可能レベル。
×:シート切れ、割れ地合等の大きな不具合が頻繁に生じる。実用上、使用不可レベル。
◎: There are no problems such as sheet breakage, cracked area, graininess, uneven density, and wrinkles. Very good level.
○: Some minor defects such as uneven brightness and curling are generated. Good level.
Fair: Minor defects such as uneven density and curling frequently occur. Practically usable level.
X: Large defects such as sheet breakage and cracking occur frequently. Practically unusable level.

[厚み]
JIS P 8118に準じ、厚みを測定した。
[Thickness]
The thickness was measured according to JIS P 8118.

[引張強度]
実施例及び比較例で得られた半透膜支持体から、巻き取りの流れ方向250mm、幅方向50mmの試料を10枚切り取り、JIS P 8113に準じて、卓上型材料試験機(装置名:STA−1150、(株)オリエンテック製)を用いて、引張強度を測定し、10枚の平均値を引張強度とした。
[Tensile strength]
From the semipermeable membrane support obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, 10 samples of 250 mm in winding flow direction and 50 mm in width direction are cut out, and according to JIS P 8113, table-top type material testing machine (device name: STA The tensile strength was measured using -1150 (manufactured by ORIENTEC Co., Ltd.), and the average value of ten sheets was taken as the tensile strength.

[耐アルカリ性]
実施例及び比較例で得られた半透膜支持体を、10質量%の水酸化ナトリウム溶液中に、温度80℃にて1週間浸漬した。水洗・乾燥後、前記の引張強度の測定を実施し、初期値に対する引張強度の残存率を耐アルカリ性の指標とした。残存率95%以上が実用上望ましいレベルである。
[Alkali resistance]
The semipermeable membrane support obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was immersed in a 10% by mass sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 80 ° C. for one week. After washing with water and drying, the measurement of the tensile strength was performed, and the residual ratio of the tensile strength to the initial value was used as an index of alkali resistance. A residual rate of 95% or more is a practically desirable level.

[半透膜塗布適性]
実施例及び比較例で得られた半透膜支持体について、半透膜の塗布を行った。半透膜支持体の一方の面にポリスルホン樹脂のジメチルホルムアミド溶液(濃度:16質量%)を、塗布幅450mm、塗布厚み50μmで塗布した。このとき、ポリスルホン溶液を塗布しない半透膜支持体の裏側にはドラムを配置し、半透膜支持体が搬送されるようにした。ポリスルホン溶液が塗布された半透膜支持体を、20℃の純水に浸し、ポリスルホンを凝固させ、微多孔性ポリスルホン膜と半透膜支持体との複合膜を得た。この複合膜を80℃の湯浴にて水洗し、膜中に残留した溶媒を除去した後、80℃の熱風で乾燥を行った。こうして得た複合膜の皺、波打ちの発生状況を評価した。
[Semipermeable membrane application suitability]
The semipermeable membrane was applied to the semipermeable membrane supports obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples. A solution of polysulfone resin in dimethylformamide (concentration: 16% by mass) was applied to one surface of the semipermeable membrane support with an application width of 450 mm and an application thickness of 50 μm. At this time, a drum was disposed on the back side of the semipermeable membrane support to which the polysulfone solution was not applied, so that the semipermeable membrane support was transported. The semipermeable membrane support coated with the polysulfone solution was immersed in pure water at 20 ° C. to coagulate the polysulfone to obtain a composite membrane of a microporous polysulfone membrane and the semipermeable membrane support. The composite membrane was washed with water at 80 ° C. in a water bath to remove the solvent remaining in the membrane, and then dried with hot air at 80 ° C. The occurrence of wrinkles and waving of the composite film thus obtained was evaluated.

◎:皺、波打ちが全くない。非常に良好なレベル。
○:皺は全くないが、やや弱い波打ちが見られる。良好なレベル。
△:皺は見られないが、やや大きめの波打ちが見られる。実用上、使用可能レベル。
×:波打ちだけでなく皺の発生も見られる。実用上、使用不可レベル。
◎: no wrinkles, no waves Very good level.
○: There is no wrinkle at all, but slightly weak waves are observed. Good level.
Δ: No wrinkles are observed, but slightly larger waves are observed. Practically usable level.
X: Not only waving but also occurrence of wrinkles can be seen. Practically unusable level.

[半透膜滲み込み]
[半透膜塗布適性]で得られたポリスルホン膜と半透膜支持体との複合膜について、断面SEM写真を撮影して、ポリスルホン樹脂の半透膜支持体への滲み込み度合いを評価した。
[Semipermeable membrane bleeding]
With respect to the composite membrane of the polysulfone membrane and the semipermeable membrane support obtained in [Semipermeable membrane application suitability], a cross-sectional SEM photograph was taken to evaluate the degree of bleeding of the polysulfone resin into the semipermeable membrane support.

◎:ポリスルホン樹脂が半透膜支持体の中心付近に掛けて均一に滲み込んでいる。非常に良好なレベル。
○:ポリスルホン樹脂が半透膜支持体の中心付近に掛けて不均一に滲み込んでいる。良好なレベル。
△:ポリスルホン樹脂が半透膜支持体の中心付近に掛けて一部滲み込んでいる。実用上、使用可能レベル。
×:ポリスルホン樹脂が半透膜支持体の中心付近に掛けて僅かに滲み込んでいる。実用上、使用不可レベル。
◎: The polysulfone resin spreads uniformly around the center of the semipermeable membrane support. Very good level.
:: The polysulfone resin spreads unevenly around the center of the semipermeable membrane support. Good level.
Fair: The polysulfone resin is partially spread around the center of the semipermeable membrane support. Practically usable level.
X: The polysulfone resin is slightly spread around the center of the semipermeable membrane support. Practically unusable level.

Figure 2019063727
Figure 2019063727

実施例1〜8の半透膜支持体は、PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維を30質量%以上、90質量%以下含有し、高結晶PP繊維を10質量%以上70質量%以下含有し、ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなり、通気度が1.0〜20.0cm/cm・secである。これらの半透膜支持体は、高温、高濃度アルカリ性液に対する十分な耐性を有し、強度が強く、製造安定性、半透膜塗布適性に優れ、半透膜溶液の非塗布面への裏抜けがなく、半透膜と半透膜支持体との接着性に優れている。実施例1〜4の半透膜支持体は、高結晶PP繊維を10質量%以上、70質量%以下含有し、ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなることで、引張強度が強く、半透膜の塗布適性に優れ、耐アルカリ性が高い。中でも、実施例2及び3は、高結晶PP繊維を30質量%以上、70質量%以下含有しており、半透膜の滲み込みが特に優れている。実施例1、5〜8の比較より、半透膜支持体の通気度が3.0〜10.0cm/cm・secである実施例1、6及び7の半透膜支持体は、引張強度が高く、半透膜塗布適性が良好であり、特に好ましい。 The semipermeable membrane support of each of Examples 1 to 30 contains 30% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of PP / HDPE core-sheath composite fiber, and contains 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less of high crystalline PP fiber, It consists only of polyolefin fibers and has an air permeability of 1.0 to 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec. These semipermeable membrane supports have sufficient resistance to high temperature and high concentration alkaline liquids, are strong, have excellent production stability, and excellent semipermeable membrane coating suitability, and the back surface to the non-coated surface of the semipermeable membrane solution There is no detachment, and the adhesion between the semipermeable membrane and the semipermeable membrane support is excellent. The semipermeable membrane support of Examples 1 to 4 contains 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less of high crystalline PP fibers, and is made of only polyolefin fibers, so that the tensile strength is high, and the coating suitability of the semipermeable membrane Excellent in alkali resistance. Among them, Examples 2 and 3 contain 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less of highly crystalline PP fibers, and the penetration of the semipermeable membrane is particularly excellent. From the comparison of Examples 1 and 5 to 8, the semipermeable membrane supports of Examples 1, 6 and 7 in which the permeability of the semipermeable membrane support is 3.0 to 10.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec, The tensile strength is high, the semipermeable membrane coating suitability is good, and it is particularly preferable.

一方、高結晶PP繊維を含有しない比較例1の半透膜支持体は、半透膜支持体の皮膜化による半透膜滲み込みが不十分となった。高結晶PP繊維ではなく、PP繊維を含有する比較例2〜4の半透膜支持体は、耐アルカリ性に劣る。高結晶PP繊維を5質量%含有した比較例5の半透膜支持体は、半透膜の滲み込みが実施例1より劣った。PP/HDPE芯鞘型複合繊維を25質量%含有した比較例6の半透膜支持体は、不織不安定製造性に劣る。通気度が1.0cm/cm・secを下回る比較例7の半透膜支持体は、半透膜の滲み込みに劣る。通気度が20.0cm/cm・secを上回る比較例8の半透膜支持体は、半透膜塗布適性が実施例1に劣った。 On the other hand, in the case of the semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 1 containing no highly crystalline PP fiber, the penetration of the semipermeable membrane due to the film formation of the semipermeable membrane support was insufficient. The semipermeable membrane supports of Comparative Examples 2 to 4 which contain PP fibers instead of highly crystalline PP fibers are inferior in alkali resistance. The semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 5 containing 5% by mass of highly crystalline PP fibers was inferior to Example 1 in the penetration of the semipermeable membrane. The semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 6 containing 25% by mass of the PP / HDPE core / sheath type composite fiber is inferior in the nonwoven instability manufacturing property. The semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 7 in which the air permeability is less than 1.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec is inferior to the penetration of the semipermeable membrane. The semipermeable membrane support of Comparative Example 8 in which the air permeability exceeds 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec was inferior to Example 1 in semipermeable membrane coating suitability.

本発明の半透膜支持体は、海水の淡水化、浄水器、食品の濃縮、廃水処理、血液濾過に代表される医療用、半導体洗浄用の超純水製造、膜分離活性汚泥処理等の分野において、精密ろ過膜、限外ろ過膜、MBR用の膜の支持体として好適に利用することができる。   The semipermeable membrane support of the present invention is used for desalination of seawater, water purifier, food concentration, waste water treatment, medical treatment typified by blood filtration, ultrapure water production for semiconductor washing, membrane separation activated sludge treatment, etc. In the field, it can be suitably used as a support for microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, and membranes for MBR.

Claims (1)

半透膜支持体の少なくとも一方の面に半透膜を設けて用いる半透膜支持体において、該半透膜支持体が、ポリプロピレンを芯成分とし、高密度ポリエチレンを鞘成分とする芯鞘型複合繊維を30質量%以上、90質量%以下含有し、高結晶ポリプロピレンからなる単一繊維を10質量%以上、70質量%以下含有し、ポリオレフィン系繊維のみからなり、通気度が1.0〜20.0cm/cm・secであることを特徴とする半透膜支持体。 A semipermeable membrane support using a semipermeable membrane provided on at least one surface of a semipermeable membrane support, wherein the semipermeable membrane support comprises polypropylene as a core component and high density polyethylene as a sheath component 30% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of a composite fiber, 10% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less of a single fiber made of high crystalline polypropylene, made of only polyolefin fiber, air permeability of 1.0 to A semipermeable membrane support characterized by having a size of 20.0 cm 3 / cm 2 · sec.
JP2017190966A 2017-09-29 2017-09-29 Semipermeable membrane support Pending JP2019063727A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017190966A JP2019063727A (en) 2017-09-29 2017-09-29 Semipermeable membrane support

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017190966A JP2019063727A (en) 2017-09-29 2017-09-29 Semipermeable membrane support

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2019063727A true JP2019063727A (en) 2019-04-25
JP2019063727A5 JP2019063727A5 (en) 2019-08-29

Family

ID=66338703

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2017190966A Pending JP2019063727A (en) 2017-09-29 2017-09-29 Semipermeable membrane support

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2019063727A (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63191809A (en) * 1987-02-04 1988-08-09 Chisso Corp Highly crystalline polypropylene
JP2003535683A (en) * 2000-06-23 2003-12-02 エルジー・ケミカル・カンパニー・リミテッド Multi-component composite separation membrane and method for producing the same
JP2012106177A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-06-07 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd Semipermeable membrane support

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63191809A (en) * 1987-02-04 1988-08-09 Chisso Corp Highly crystalline polypropylene
JP2003535683A (en) * 2000-06-23 2003-12-02 エルジー・ケミカル・カンパニー・リミテッド Multi-component composite separation membrane and method for producing the same
JP2008302359A (en) * 2000-06-23 2008-12-18 Lg Chemical Co Ltd Multicomponent composite separation membrane and its manufacturing method
JP2012106177A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-06-07 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd Semipermeable membrane support

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
波木 一郎: "高結晶性ポリプロピレン", 高分子, vol. 41巻6月号, JPN6020047232, 1992, pages 407, ISSN: 0004405664 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR101757491B1 (en) Semipermeable membrane supporting body, spiral-wound semipermeable membrane element, and method for producing semipermeable membrane supporting body
JP7371056B2 (en) semipermeable membrane support
JP2013220382A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP5216229B2 (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2012101213A (en) Semi-permeable membrane support
WO2020004462A1 (en) Semipermeable membrane support for membrane bioreactor treatment
JP2013180236A (en) Nonwoven fabric for semipermeable membrane support and method of manufacturing the same
JP6625916B2 (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2012106177A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2016140785A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
CN112368067A (en) Support for semipermeable membrane for membrane separation activated sludge treatment
JP2014180638A (en) Method for manufacturing semipermeable membrane
JP2020163321A (en) Support medium of semipermeable membrane for membrane separation activated sludge treatment and filtration film
JP5809583B2 (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2019118907A (en) Substrate for semipermeable membrane
CN113329803B (en) Wet nonwoven fabric, preparation method thereof and water treatment membrane comprising same
JP2012250223A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2017047333A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2019055356A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
JP2019063727A (en) Semipermeable membrane support
WO2020145240A1 (en) Semi-permeable membrane support and method for producing semi-permeable membrane support
JP2019058840A (en) Support medium for semipermeable membrane for membrane separation activated sludge treatment, filtration membrane and module
JP2013139030A (en) Semipermeable membrane support and method of manufacturing the same
JP2014180639A (en) Method for manufacturing semipermeable membrane
JP5809588B2 (en) Semipermeable membrane support

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20190717

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20190717

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20200514

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20200602

A601 Written request for extension of time

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601

Effective date: 20200727

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20201215