JP2018517601A - External vehicle trim parts - Google Patents

External vehicle trim parts Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2018517601A
JP2018517601A JP2017557407A JP2017557407A JP2018517601A JP 2018517601 A JP2018517601 A JP 2018517601A JP 2017557407 A JP2017557407 A JP 2017557407A JP 2017557407 A JP2017557407 A JP 2017557407A JP 2018517601 A JP2018517601 A JP 2018517601A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fiber
layer
trim
structural
external
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Pending
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JP2017557407A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
ボードリー ファビアン
ボードリー ファビアン
ドゥルマ ベルトラン
ドゥルマ ベルトラン
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Autoneum Management AG
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Autoneum Management AG
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

重ね合わせそして一緒にラミネートして構造単位を形成する、少なくとも３つの層を含む領域を少なくとも含み、２つの外側層は圧縮されて固定化した繊維層であり、２つの繊維外側層の間に位置する内側層は不透過性ポリエステルフォーム層である、外部構造トリム部品。【選択図】図４Including at least a region comprising at least three layers that are stacked and laminated together to form a structural unit, the two outer layers being compressed and immobilized fiber layers, positioned between the two fiber outer layers The outer layer trim part is an impermeable polyester foam layer. [Selection] Figure 4

Description

本発明は、外部車両トリム部品、特にアンダーエンジンシールド又はアンダーボディパネル及びその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an external vehicle trim component, in particular an under engine shield or an under body panel and a method for manufacturing the same.

車両外部トリム部品、特にアンダーボディトリム部品及び／又はアンダーエンジンシールドを使用することが当該技術分野で知られている。クラディングとも呼ばれる外部トリム部品は、三次元構造部品として形成される。外部トリム部品は、車両の下側の表面（の一部）を覆うために使用されるトリム部品又はクラディングとして定義される。これは、例えば、エンジンベイの下の領域、乗客コンパートメントの下の主要領域、並びにトランクの下の領域とすることができる。すべての領域は、外部であり、表面領域が道路に直接面していることができる。これらのタイプのアンダーボディトリム部品は、車両の空気力学特性を改善し、燃料消費を低減し、及び／又は車両のアンダーボディを保護することができる。   It is known in the art to use vehicle exterior trim components, particularly underbody trim components and / or under engine shields. External trim parts, also called cladding, are formed as three-dimensional structural parts. External trim parts are defined as trim parts or cladding used to cover (a part of) the lower surface of the vehicle. This can be, for example, the area under the engine bay, the main area under the passenger compartment, and the area under the trunk. All areas are external and the surface area can directly face the road. These types of underbody trim components can improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle, reduce fuel consumption, and / or protect the underbody of the vehicle.

これらの外部トリム部品は、使用中及び/又は自動車の寿命にわたって過度のたわみ、特にたるみを示さずに、車の下に取り付けるときにその形状を概ね保持することができるという意味において構造的である必要がある。したがって、車のタイプによって、これらの外部トリム部品は、許容できないたるみ又はたわみを生じることなく、好ましくはより大きな距離又は面積に広がることができる。構造上の剛性の欠如は、トリム部品を車両に取り付けるための取り付け点の数によって補うことができ、ほとんどの場合にこれらの取り付け点は、外部トリム部品のリムの周りに配置され、構造の中央にわたる必要はない。取り付け手段を含む取り付け点の増加は、部品の全体的なコスト及び重量を増加させ、生産及び取り付けの複雑さを増加させる。   These external trim parts are structural in the sense that they can generally retain their shape when mounted under the car, in use and / or over the life of the car, without exhibiting excessive deflection, especially sagging There is a need. Thus, depending on the type of vehicle, these external trim parts can preferably extend over a greater distance or area without unacceptable sagging or deflection. The lack of structural rigidity can be compensated for by the number of attachment points for attaching trim parts to the vehicle, and in most cases these attachment points are placed around the rim of the external trim parts and the center of the structure There is no need to span. Increasing attachment points, including attachment means, increases the overall cost and weight of the part and increases production and installation complexity.

構造上の剛性は、これらの外部トリム部品が車両での使用寿命中に遭遇する過酷な条件によって損なわれる可能性がある。石のチッピング、汚れ、暑い、寒い及び／又は湿潤の気候条件にさらされることがあり、また、使用中に車の下の障害物と衝突することがある。さらに、パワートレイン付近の領域は、高い熱負荷にさらされることがある。   Structural rigidity can be compromised by the harsh conditions that these external trim components encounter during the service life of the vehicle. May be exposed to climatic conditions of stone chipping, dirt, hot, cold and / or wet, and may collide with obstacles under the car during use. In addition, areas near the powertrain may be exposed to high heat loads.

既知の外部トリム部品は、射出成形品の形態の中実プラスチックから作られてよく、又は、コア材料とガラス繊維を含む被覆層との組み合わせから作られてよく、ここで構造上の剛性は、主としてガラス繊維に由来する。ガラス繊維は、部品の製造並びに自動車の部品の組み立て中の繊維への曝露が、材料を取り扱う人々に健康上の問題を引き起こす可能性があるため、近年あまり普及していない。一般に、これらの技術は重い部品をもたらし、より軽量の解決手段の必要性が存在する。   Known external trim parts may be made from solid plastic in the form of injection molded parts, or may be made from a combination of a core material and a coating layer comprising glass fibers, where the structural stiffness is Mainly derived from glass fiber. Glass fibers have not been very popular in recent years because exposure to fibers during the manufacture of parts as well as the assembly of automotive parts can cause health problems for people handling materials. In general, these techniques result in heavy parts and there is a need for a lighter solution.

様々な材料のハニカムコア層が知られているが、ハニカムコアとフェース層との間の低い接着性が問題となっている。というのは、コアとフェース層との間の接合接触面積が非常に小さいからである。   Although honeycomb core layers of various materials are known, low adhesion between the honeycomb core and the face layer is a problem. This is because the bonding contact area between the core and the face layer is very small.

これらの外部トリム部品の多くは、必要な剛性を有するために、リブ及び／又はエンボスを含んで成形する必要がある。これらは、トリム部品の空気力学的利益を減少させ、及び／又は車両の下に要求される空間を増加させることがあるという欠点を有する。   Many of these external trim parts need to be molded with ribs and / or embossments in order to have the required rigidity. These have the disadvantage of reducing the aerodynamic benefits of the trim parts and / or increasing the space required under the vehicle.

液体吸収及び保持、特に汚れた道路の水、油及び他の液体の液体吸収及び保持の可能性がより高いことは、ハニカムコア、空気透過性及び連続気泡コア材料などの多孔質材料を含むアンダーボディトリム部品、又はそれらからなるアンダーボディトリム部品において、比較的一般的な課題である。これは、トリム部品の重量を増加させ、及び／又は車両でのトリム部品の使用中に、材料の取り付けの不全及び／又は撓みを引き起こす可能性がある。   The higher the possibility of liquid absorption and retention, especially liquid absorption and retention of dirty road water, oil and other liquids, undercoats containing porous materials such as honeycomb cores, air permeable and open cell core materials This is a relatively common problem in body trim parts or underbody trim parts made of them. This may increase the weight of the trim component and / or cause material attachment failure and / or deflection during use of the trim component in a vehicle.

良好な疲労特性及び良好なリサイクル性など、自動車メーカーのこれらの製品に関する要求を満たす現在の製品と少なくとも同等に機能することができ、そして現在の材料の課題を克服する外部トリム部品、特に流体吸収及び保持の欠点を克服する外部トリム部品、特にアンダーエンジンシールド及びアンダーボディパネル、のための剛性が高い代替材料及び軽量の手段が必要である。   External trim parts, especially fluid absorption, that can function at least as well as current products that meet the demands of these products by automakers, such as good fatigue properties and good recyclability, and overcome current material challenges There is a need for stiff alternative materials and lightweight means for external trim parts, particularly under engine shields and underbody panels, that overcome the holding deficiencies.

この目的は、請求項１に記載の車両のための外部トリム部品又はクラディングによって達成される。   This object is achieved by an external trim part or cladding for a vehicle according to claim 1.

本発明の第一の実施形態において、車両のための外部構造トリム部品は、重ね合わせそして一緒にラミネートして構造単位を形成する、少なくとも３つの層を有する領域を少なくとも含み、２つの外側層は、圧縮されて固定化した繊維層であり、２層の繊維外側層の間に位置する内側層は、不透過性ポリエステルフォーム層である。   In a first embodiment of the present invention, an external structural trim component for a vehicle includes at least a region having at least three layers that are stacked and laminated together to form a structural unit, the two outer layers being The inner layer located between the two outer fiber layers is an impermeable polyester foam layer.

圧縮されて固定化した繊維層とポリエステルフォーム層との組み合わせは、トリム部品の全体的な構造上の剛性を増加させる。   The combination of the compressed and fixed fiber layer and the polyester foam layer increases the overall structural rigidity of the trim component.

驚くべきことに、不透過性フォーム及び圧縮された繊維層のおかげで、液体の吸収性及び保持性も減少させることができる。   Surprisingly, the absorbency and retention of the liquid can also be reduced thanks to the impermeable foam and the compressed fiber layer.

ポリエステルフォームは、不透過性の独立気泡フォームであり、これらの特性のために、液体をほとんど吸収せず及び／又はそれを保持しない。しかしながら、それは液体がフォームに入るのを妨げるだけでなく、十分に高い圧縮剛性のために、成形プロセス中により緻密化された繊維被覆層を可能にし、それによってこれらの層の液体吸収性及び保持性も減少させる。   Polyester foam is an impermeable, closed cell foam that, due to these properties, absorbs little liquid and / or retains it. However, it not only prevents liquids from entering the foam but also allows for a more dense fiber coating layer during the molding process due to sufficiently high compression stiffness, thereby liquid absorption and retention of these layers. It also reduces sex.

不透過性ポリエステルフォームコア層は、ＩＳＯ ８４４によって測定して、圧縮弾性率が少なくとも約３０ＭＰａ、好ましくは最小値５５ＭＰａである。ポリエステルフォームの高い圧縮剛性は、上記のように成形プロセス中に繊維層をより圧縮することができるだけでなく、構造単位及びトリム部品の剛性にも寄与する。フォームの高い圧縮剛性は、曲げの間の圧縮繊維層の座屈を防止している。フェース層の座屈により、デラミネーション及びクラックが発生し、外部トリム部品を破損させることがある。さらなる利点は、ポリエステルフォームが、いくつかのタイプのＰＵＲフォームを含む多くの他のタイプのフォームのようには脆くないことである。脆いフォームは、十分な強度及び疲労特性を有していないことがある。   The impermeable polyester foam core layer has a compression modulus of at least about 30 MPa, preferably a minimum value of 55 MPa, as measured by ISO 844. The high compression stiffness of the polyester foam not only allows the fiber layer to be more compressed during the molding process as described above, but also contributes to the stiffness of the structural units and trim parts. The high compression stiffness of the foam prevents buckling of the compressed fiber layer during bending. Due to buckling of the face layer, delamination and cracks may occur and damage external trim components. A further advantage is that the polyester foam is not as brittle as many other types of foam, including some types of PUR foam. A brittle foam may not have sufficient strength and fatigue properties.

ポリエステルフォームは、例えば、中実プラスチック部品と比較して、トリム部品をより良好に制振させる（ｄａｍｐｉｎｇ）という利点も有する。これは、トリム部分が石又は同様のものなどの大きな物体によって衝撃を受けた場合に特に有利である。トリム部品は、エネルギーをよりよく吸収し、車両又はその部品への損傷を避けることができる。   Polyester foam also has the advantage of better damping the trim parts compared to, for example, solid plastic parts. This is particularly advantageous when the trim portion is impacted by a large object such as a stone or the like. Trim parts can absorb energy better and avoid damage to the vehicle or its parts.

本明細書に記載の構造単位の曲げ弾性率は、好ましくは、少なくとも３層の構造単位を有する領域において２００ＭＰａの最小の弾性率を有し、好ましくは最小で３００ＭＰａである。   The flexural modulus of the structural units described herein preferably has a minimum elastic modulus of 200 MPa, preferably a minimum of 300 MPa in a region having at least three layers of structural units.

本発明によるポリエステルフォームは熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂をベースとし、好ましくは発泡可能な等級の半結晶性ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）から作られている。それらが適切な化学発泡剤又は物理発泡剤とともに溶融押出されるときに、これらの熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂は、独立気泡フォームを生じる。フォームは、リサイクルされたポリエステル又はバージン原材料又は両方の組み合わせによって製造することができる。本発明の範囲内で、本発明に係るかつ開示されたポリエステルのフォーム、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートのフォームは、ポリエステル系ポリウレタン（ＰＵＲ）フォームを含まない。   The polyester foam according to the invention is based on a thermoplastic polyester resin and is preferably made of foamable grade semicrystalline polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These thermoplastic polyester resins produce closed cell foams when they are melt extruded with a suitable chemical or physical blowing agent. Foams can be made from recycled polyester or virgin raw materials or a combination of both. Within the scope of the present invention, the polyester foams according to the invention and disclosed, in particular polyethylene terephthalate foams, do not comprise polyester-based polyurethane (PUR) foams.

不透過性ＰＥＴフォーム層は、６０〜２００Ｋｇ／ｍ３、好ましくは７５〜１２０Ｋｇ／ｍ３の密度を有する。 The impermeable PET foam layer has a density of 60 to 200 Kg / m 3 , preferably 75 to 120 Kg / m 3 .

少なくとも、より高い構造剛性を必要とするトリム部品の領域では、本発明による構造単位を使用することができる。好ましくは、この領域は、トリム部品の全表面積の１〜１００％、好ましくは５〜５０％であることができる。例えば、リブ又はエンボスを適用する領域でトリム部品を局所的に補強する必要があるならば、構造単位を形成する繊維材料の２つの層の間に小さなフォームのストリップを配置して、局所剛性を増加させることができる。これはトリム部品の全表面積の１％又は２％という低さであることができる。部品の形成後にフォームがほとんど見えないように、厚さ及び表面を調整することができる。   At least in the area of trim parts that require a higher structural rigidity, the structural unit according to the invention can be used. Preferably, this region can be 1-100%, preferably 5-50% of the total surface area of the trim part. For example, if it is necessary to locally reinforce a trim component in the area where ribs or embossing is applied, a small foam strip is placed between two layers of fibrous material forming the structural unit to reduce local stiffness. Can be increased. This can be as low as 1% or 2% of the total surface area of the trim part. The thickness and surface can be adjusted so that the foam is hardly visible after the part is formed.

１つ又は２つより多くのリブを交換する必要がある場合、又はトリム部品を広い領域にわたって補強する必要がある場合、及び／又は平らな表面を有するトリム部品を所望する場合には、構造単位は、トリム部品の表面積の１００％までを覆うことができる。しかしながら、好ましくは、ＰＥＴフォーム縁部は繊維層によって覆われ、ＰＥＴフォームは成形後に見えない。面積又は表面積は、覆われる車両表面に平行なトリム部品の全表面積で構造単位を含む面積を割ったものとして定義される。   Structural units when more than one or more ribs need to be replaced or when trim parts need to be reinforced over a large area and / or trim parts with a flat surface are desired Can cover up to 100% of the surface area of the trim part. However, preferably the PET foam edge is covered by a fiber layer and the PET foam is not visible after molding. Area or surface area is defined as the area including structural units divided by the total surface area of the trim part parallel to the vehicle surface to be covered.

好ましくは、ＰＥＴフォームを覆っている繊維層は、フォームを包み込み、フォーム領域に沿ってラミネートシームを作り、それにより、フォームはインレイのように繊維材料中に完全に封入される。繊維層のうちの１つは、外部トリム部品の全領域を覆わなくてもよいが、上記のようにＰＥＴフォームを覆うのに十分で好ましい大きさを有する。   Preferably, the fiber layer covering the PET foam wraps the foam and creates a laminate seam along the foam area, so that the foam is completely encapsulated in the fiber material like an inlay. One of the fiber layers may not cover the entire area of the outer trim component, but has a size that is sufficient and preferred to cover the PET foam as described above.

成形され固定化した繊維材料は、残りの領域に十分な剛性を有する構造層を既に形成している可能性がある。   The molded and fixed fibrous material may already have a structural layer with sufficient rigidity in the remaining area.

より高い剛性を必要とし得る領域は、例えば、取り付け点間の最大距離にまたがる領域であることができる。トリム部品の剛性を高めることにより、取り付け点の数を減らすことができ、これは複雑さ及びコストを低減する。   An area that may require higher stiffness can be, for example, an area that spans the maximum distance between attachment points. By increasing the rigidity of the trim component, the number of attachment points can be reduced, which reduces complexity and cost.

構造単位を含む領域が広い領域を覆っているならば、外部構造トリム部品は、エンボス又は厚さ変化を伴わずに路面に向かって平らで均一な領域を有することができる。このような平らで均一な外部トリム部品は、トリム部品の十分な剛性を得るためにリブ及び／又はエンボスが必要とされうる他の市販の解決手段と比較して、トリム部品及び車両の空気力学を改善するであろう。   If the area containing the structural unit covers a large area, the external structural trim component can have a flat and uniform area towards the road surface without embossing or thickness changes. Such flat and uniform external trim parts provide trim parts and vehicle aerodynamics compared to other commercially available solutions where ribs and / or embossments may be required to obtain sufficient rigidity of the trim parts. Will improve.

構造単位を含まないトリム部品の領域は、少なくとも１つの、圧縮されて固定化した外側繊維層を含む。   The region of the trim part that does not include the structural unit includes at least one outer layer of compressed and fixed fibers.

本発明によるトリム部品の繊維層は、フィラー繊維と熱可塑性バインダの形態のバインダとからなる固定化繊維材料からなり、バインダは繊維間の小さな結合点を形成して繊維材料を固定化する。   The fiber layer of the trim part according to the invention consists of an immobilizing fiber material consisting of filler fibers and a binder in the form of a thermoplastic binder, which binds the fiber material by forming small bonding points between the fibers.

フィラー繊維は、好ましくは熱可塑性繊維、好ましくはポリエステル繊維、好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）又はポリブチレンテレフタレート（ＰＢＴ）の少なくとも１つ、又はそのような繊維の混合物である。   The filler fibers are preferably thermoplastic fibers, preferably polyester fibers, preferably at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or a mixture of such fibers.

熱可塑性バインダは、ポリエステルのコポリマー又はポリアミドのいずれかであり、好ましくはポリアミド−６又はポリアミド−６６である。   The thermoplastic binder is either a polyester copolymer or a polyamide, preferably polyamide-6 or polyamide-66.

熱可塑性バインダは、繊維、粉末又はフレークの形態であることができる。   The thermoplastic binder can be in the form of fibers, powders or flakes.

熱可塑性バインダの量は、ＰＥＴフォーム及び隣接繊維層が追加の接着又はグルー層なしで一緒にラミネートされるような量であることができる。   The amount of thermoplastic binder can be such that the PET foam and adjacent fiber layers are laminated together without any additional adhesion or glue layers.

好ましい解決手段において、フィラー繊維及びバインダはバイコンポーネント又は複合繊維又はフィラメントとして組み合わされ、該繊維又はフィラメントは好ましくはコア−シースタイプであり、コア又はフィラー成分はポリエステル、好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）からなり、シース又はバインダ成分はポリエステルのコポリマー、好ましくはＣｏＰＥＴ、又はポリアミド、好ましくはポリアミド−６又は−６６からなる。   In a preferred solution, the filler fiber and binder are combined as a bicomponent or composite fiber or filament, which fiber or filament is preferably of the core-sheath type, and the core or filler component is of polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET). And the sheath or binder component consists of a copolymer of polyester, preferably CoPET, or polyamide, preferably polyamide-6 or -66.

固定化繊維層は、コア又はフィラー成分によって形成されたフィラー繊維と、シース又はバインダ成分によって形成されたバインダとからなり、バインダはフィラー繊維間の小さな結合点を形成して繊維層を固定化する。有利なことに、追加のグルー又は接着層を必要とせずに、隣接するＰＥＴフォーム層を結合／ラミネートするであろう。   The fixed fiber layer is composed of filler fibers formed by a core or a filler component and a binder formed by a sheath or a binder component, and the binder forms a small bonding point between the filler fibers to fix the fiber layer. . Advantageously, adjacent PET foam layers will be bonded / laminated without the need for additional glue or adhesive layers.

好ましくは、繊維層はフィラー繊維とバインダとの混合物であり、好ましくは繊維、フレーク又は粉末の形態であり、バインダは繊維層の全重量の５０％以下、好ましくは３５％以下であり、例えば、３５％ＣｏＰｏｌｙｅｓｔｅｒを含むポリエステル繊維又はポリアミドバインダであり、又は３０％までのシースバインダ材料を有する１００％バイコンポーネント繊維層である。   Preferably, the fiber layer is a mixture of filler fibers and binder, preferably in the form of fibers, flakes or powder, and the binder is not more than 50%, preferably not more than 35% of the total weight of the fiber layer, for example Polyester fiber or polyamide binder with 35% CoPolyester, or 100% bicomponent fiber layer with up to 30% sheath binder material.

好ましくは、繊維層は、１００％までのバイコンポーネント繊維又はフィラメントを有する。最終的には、繊維又はフィラメントは他のフィラー繊維と混合することができ、例えば、リサイクルされた熱可塑性繊維、例えばリサイクル合成繊維又はリサイクルポリエステル繊維から作られた再生材料である。   Preferably, the fiber layer has up to 100% bicomponent fibers or filaments. Finally, the fibers or filaments can be mixed with other filler fibers, for example recycled materials made from recycled thermoplastic fibers, such as recycled synthetic fibers or recycled polyester fibers.

好ましくはバイコンポーネントフィラメント又は繊維を使用する利点は、すべてのフィラメント又は繊維のシースはＰＥＴフォームと圧縮及び固定化した繊維層との間の接着に寄与していることであり、繊維のシースは成形及びラミネートの間に溶融し、そして繊維間の結合点を形成して、繊維層のＰＥＴフォーム層へのさらに均等かつ良好なラミネーションとする点である。   The advantage of using preferably bicomponent filaments or fibers is that all the filaments or fiber sheaths contribute to the adhesion between the PET foam and the compressed and immobilized fiber layer, and the fiber sheaths are molded And melt between the laminates and form bonding points between the fibers to provide a more even and good lamination of the fiber layer to the PET foam layer.

本発明のいずれの実施形態のいずれの繊維も、ステープルファイバ又はエンドレスフィラメント又はそれらの混合物であってよい。   Any fiber of any embodiment of the invention may be a staple fiber or an endless filament or a mixture thereof.

２つの繊維層は、同じ又は異なる繊維組成物及び／又は混合物を有することができる。   The two fiber layers can have the same or different fiber compositions and / or mixtures.

好ましくは、成形及びラミネート後のＰＥＴフォーム層は、１５ｍｍ未満、好ましくは８ｍｍ未満、好ましくは６ｍｍ未満のおおよその厚さを有する。成形及びラミネート後のＰＥＴフォーム層は、少なくとも２ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも３ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも４ｍｍのおおよその厚さを有することができる。厚さは、構造単位の表面領域にわたって変化しうる。   Preferably, the molded and laminated PET foam layer has an approximate thickness of less than 15 mm, preferably less than 8 mm, preferably less than 6 mm. The PET foam layer after molding and lamination can have an approximate thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm. The thickness can vary over the surface area of the structural unit.

より厚いＰＥＴフォームは構造単位の剛性を増加させるが、コスト及び必要なスペースを増加させる。より薄いＰＥＴフォームは、トリム部品の重量及びコストを削減するが、剛性も低下させる。より厚い小さなストリップは、より薄いより大きなストリップ又はプレートと同じ効果を有することができる。   Thicker PET foam increases the rigidity of the structural unit, but increases cost and space requirements. Thinner PET foam reduces the weight and cost of trim parts, but also reduces stiffness. Thicker small strips can have the same effect as thinner larger strips or plates.

構造単位の領域内の圧縮及び固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つは、３ｍｍ未満、好ましくは１．５ｍｍ未満のおおよその厚さを有する。構造単位の領域における圧縮及び固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つは、少なくとも０．２ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも０．５ｍｍのおおよその厚さを有する。   At least one of the compressed and immobilized fiber layers in the region of the structural unit has an approximate thickness of less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm. At least one of the compressed and immobilized fiber layers in the region of the structural unit has an approximate thickness of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm.

繊維層の少なくとも１つは、１５００ｇ．ｍ−２（グラム／平方メートル）未満、好ましくは８００ｇ．ｍ−２未満、好ましくは６００ｇ．ｍ−２未満のおおよその面積重量を有する。繊維層の少なくとも１つは、少なくとも２００ｇ・ｍ−２、好ましくは少なくとも３００ｇ・ｍ−２の面積重量を有する。 At least one of the fiber layers is 1500 g. less than m −2 (grams per square meter), preferably 800 g. m- 2 or less, preferably 600 g. It has an approximate area weight of less than m- 2 . At least one of the fiber layers has an area weight of at least 200 g · m −2 , preferably at least 300 g · m −2 .

繊維層が圧縮されるほど、それらは構造単位の領域における全体の剛性及びトリム部品の全体的な剛性に寄与する。   The more the fiber layers are compressed, they contribute to the overall stiffness in the region of the structural unit and the overall stiffness of the trim part.

２つの繊維層は、同一又は異なる厚さ及び／又は面積重量を有することができる。   The two fiber layers can have the same or different thickness and / or area weight.

本発明のさらなる実施形態において、構造トリム部品は少なくとも１つの追加の層、好ましくは、場合により穿孔されていてよいフィルム層、好ましくは熱可塑性ポリウレタンから作られた場合により穿孔されていてよいフィルム層、又は不織スクリム層をさらに含むことができ、外側の固定化繊維層の少なくとも１つの外側表面に重ね合わされそしてラミネートされ、特性をさらに最適化することができる。   In a further embodiment of the invention, the structural trim component is at least one additional layer, preferably an optionally perforated film layer, preferably an optionally perforated film layer made from thermoplastic polyurethane. Or a non-woven scrim layer that can be overlaid and laminated to at least one outer surface of the outer immobilization fiber layer to further optimize properties.

好ましくは、ＰＥＴフォームをポリエステル繊維スキンと組み合わせて、モノ材料製品とする。そのような製品はリサイクルが容易である。   Preferably, the PET foam is combined with a polyester fiber skin to form a monomaterial product. Such products are easy to recycle.

例えば、材料を再度溶融させてＰＥＴ樹脂に成形して、本発明による製品を含む全てのタイプのＰＥＴ製品に再使用してもよいし、又は同一の、同様の又は他の製品の原料として使用するために直接裁断してもよい。   For example, the material may be remelted and molded into a PET resin and reused for all types of PET products, including products according to the present invention, or used as a raw material for the same, similar or other products You may cut directly to do.

本発明の別の実施形態において、構造トリム部品は放熱層を少なくとも部分的にさらに含むことができ、該放熱層は好ましくはアルミニウムなどの金属フィルム、又はトリム部品の外側表面上のコーティングであり、自動車の使用中の温度が上がっている車両要素、例えばエンジン又は排気管などの熱源に対面している。外部構造トリム部品の位置に応じて、放熱層を構造単位に少なくとも部分的に追加することが有利である場合がある。   In another embodiment of the present invention, the structural trim component can further include a heat dissipation layer, which is preferably a metal film, such as aluminum, or a coating on the outer surface of the trim component, It faces a heat source such as an engine or an exhaust pipe that is heated during use of the automobile. Depending on the location of the external structural trim component, it may be advantageous to add a heat dissipation layer at least partially to the structural unit.

本発明のさらなる実施形態において、放熱層は少なくとも部分的に穿孔されている。   In a further embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation layer is at least partially perforated.

外側繊維層及び内側ポリエステルフォーム層を有する構造単位は、例えばアンダーボディパネル、アンダーエンジンシールド、リアアンダーボディパネル又はアンダーセンターパネルなどのアンダーボディトリム部品などとして車両トリム部品において使用することができる。構造単位の好ましい熱的性質のために、トリム部品は、エンジンの封止用部品又はボンネットライナーなどのエンジンベイの部品にも使用することができる。   A structural unit having an outer fiber layer and an inner polyester foam layer can be used in a vehicle trim component such as an underbody trim component such as an underbody panel, an under engine shield, a rear underbody panel or an under center panel. Because of the favorable thermal properties of the structural unit, the trim parts can also be used in engine bay parts such as engine sealing parts or bonnet liners.

固定点のサイズ、形状、数及び位置によって、外部構造トリム部品の全体の剛性は、２つの繊維層の間にＰＥＴフォームを含む１つ以上の領域を配置することによって最適化することができ、ここで、これらの領域のサイズ及び位置は外部トリム部品の全体としての剛性を規定する。   Depending on the size, shape, number and location of the fixation points, the overall stiffness of the external structural trim component can be optimized by placing one or more regions containing the PET foam between the two fiber layers, Here, the size and position of these regions define the overall stiffness of the external trim component.

本発明の範囲内で、曲げ弾性率は曲げられるべきボディの特性として理解され、曲げトルクが課されるときのボディの曲率を示す。曲げ弾性率［Ｍｐａ］は、ＩＳＯ １７８による方法によって実験的に決定される。   Within the scope of the present invention, flexural modulus is understood as a characteristic of the body to be bent and indicates the curvature of the body when bending torque is imposed. The flexural modulus [Mpa] is experimentally determined by the method according to ISO 178.

本発明の範囲内で、空気不透過性又は不透過性は簡略化のために８０００Ｎ．ｓ．ｍ−３以上の空気流抵抗と定義される。 Within the scope of the present invention, air impermeability or impermeability is 8000 N.D. for simplicity. s. It is defined as an air flow resistance of m −3 or more.

ＡＦＲはＩＳＯ ９０５３に従って直接空気流法（方法Ａ）を使用して測定される。   AFR is measured using the direct air flow method (Method A) according to ISO 9053.

トリム部品は標準的な製造方法に従って、好ましくは少なくとも成形工程を伴って製造することができる。材料は成形の前に又は成形と同じ工程で加熱されて繊維層の固定化を行うことができる。成形工程中に、繊維層は圧縮されて、より圧縮された外側繊維層を形成する。   The trim parts can be manufactured according to standard manufacturing methods, preferably with at least a molding step. The material can be heated before molding or in the same process as molding to fix the fiber layer. During the molding process, the fiber layer is compressed to form a more compressed outer fiber layer.

製造には少なくとも以下の工程が含まれる。
・成形ツールに正確な順序で成形されるべき層を配置する。
・成形ツールを閉じてトリム部品の形状を形成し、例えばスチームにより層を加熱して、ポリマーを弛緩させ、バインダ材料を溶融させ、それにより繊維層を圧縮して固定化し、隣接層にラミネートする。
・成形ツールを開き、それによってトリム部品を冷却し、完成したトリム部品を成形ツールから取り外す。
・場合により、モールドピンチング−トリム部品のリムの切断−をツールに組み込むことができる。 Manufacturing includes at least the following steps.
Place the layers to be formed in the correct order on the forming tool.
Close the forming tool to form the trim part shape, e.g. heat the layer with steam to relax the polymer, melt the binder material, thereby compressing and fixing the fiber layer and laminating to the adjacent layer .
Open the molding tool, thereby cooling the trim part and removing the finished trim part from the molding tool.
In some cases, mold pinching-cutting rims of trim parts-can be incorporated into the tool.

場合により、予熱工程及び冷間成形工程によって一工程の加熱及び成形を置き換えることができる。   In some cases, one-step heating and forming can be replaced by a preheating step and a cold forming step.

図１は下からの車両を示している。FIG. 1 shows the vehicle from below. 図２は現状技術による可能な外部トリム部品を示す。FIG. 2 shows possible external trim parts according to the state of the art. 図３は本発明によるトリム部品の概略図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a trim part according to the invention. 図４は本発明によるトリム部品の概略断面図を示す。FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a trim component according to the invention.

図１は、本発明による外部トリム部品の可能な位置の２つの非網羅的な例での車両の下からの図を示す。トリム部品は、道路に面する車の床とほぼ平行に取り付けられている。トリム部品は、通常、エンジン室（１）又は乗員室（２）の下に配置される。   FIG. 1 shows a view from below of a vehicle in two non-exhaustive examples of possible positions of an external trim part according to the invention. The trim parts are mounted almost parallel to the car floor facing the road. The trim parts are usually arranged under the engine compartment (1) or the passenger compartment (2).

図２は、現状技術に従って、アンダーボディパネル（３）、リアアンダーボディパネル（４）、エンジンアンダーシールド（５）及びセンターパネル（６）などの可能な外部トリム部品を示しており、構造単位を含む本発明によるトリム部品によって置き換えることができる。本発明による材料を使用することにより、リブを構造単位で置き換えることができ、表面を平坦にすることができる。より高い剛性のため、図示されたトリム部品は一緒に組み合わされて、より大きなトリム部品を形成することもでき、全体のアンダーボディ表面を覆うただ１つのトリム部品を形成することもできる。   FIG. 2 shows possible external trim parts, such as underbody panel (3), rear underbody panel (4), engine undershield (5) and center panel (6), according to the state of the art. It can be replaced by a trim part according to the present invention. By using the material according to the invention, the ribs can be replaced by structural units and the surface can be flattened. Because of the higher stiffness, the trim parts shown can be combined together to form a larger trim part, or a single trim part that covers the entire underbody surface.

図３は、本発明による構造単位（９）を備えた外部トリム部品（７）の一例の上面図を示す。構造単位（９）はトリム部品の領域を部分的に覆い、残りの領域は少なくとも２つの繊維層（８）を含む。構造単位のこの大きな領域は、路面に向かって平坦な領域を作り出し、トリム部品の十分な剛性を提供するためにリブ及び／又はエンボスが必要とされうる市販の他の解決手段と比較して、車両の空力的挙動を改良する。   FIG. 3 shows a top view of an example of an external trim part (7) with a structural unit (9) according to the invention. The structural unit (9) partially covers the area of the trim part, the remaining area comprising at least two fiber layers (8). This large area of the structural unit creates a flat area towards the road surface, compared to other commercially available solutions where ribs and / or embossments may be required to provide sufficient rigidity of the trim parts, Improve the aerodynamic behavior of the vehicle.

構造単位を備えた領域の被覆率及び位置は、外部トリム部分の全体の剛性及び重量を最適化し、又は固定点の数を最小にするように設計することができる。図３は、規則的な形状を有する１つの大きな領域としての構造単ユニット（９）を示しているが、構造単位の１つ又は複数の領域は基本的にいかなる形状を有してもよく、かつ／又は２つ以上の領域が存在してもよい。構造単位の領域は、例えばトリム部品を部分的に覆う１つ以上の領域を局所補強するための小さなストリップの形態でトリム部品の非常に小さな領域を覆うことができ、又は完全なトリム部品を基本的に覆っていることができる。Ａ−Ａ’は図４に示す断面を示す。   The coverage and location of the area with structural units can be designed to optimize the overall stiffness and weight of the outer trim portion or to minimize the number of fixed points. Although FIG. 3 shows the structural unit (9) as one large region having a regular shape, one or more regions of the structural unit may have essentially any shape, And / or there may be more than one region. The area of the structural unit can cover a very small area of the trim part, for example in the form of a small strip to locally reinforce one or more areas partially covering the trim part, or based on a complete trim part Can be covered. A-A 'shows the cross section shown in FIG.

図４は、図３に示すトリム部品の断面Ａ−Ａ’（１０）を示す。トリム部品は２つの圧縮された固定化した繊維層（１２及び１３）の間でラミネートされたＰＥＴフォーム層（１１）を含む構造単位（９）を有する第一の領域と、一緒にラミネートされた２つの圧縮された固定化した繊維層（１２及び１３）を有する第二の残りの領域（８）とにより形成されている。繊維層１２及び１３は、トリム部品の全面を覆う連続層である。ＰＥＴフォームは成形可能であり、より小さい厚さ、例えば２ｍｍ未満に成形することができ、ＰＥＴフォーム層の縁部では、フォームの厚さが画像に示されるように非常に薄い厚さにまで変化しており、フォームを有する領域からフォームを有しない領域へと滑らかに移行することが可能である。必要とされる全体的な構造的剛性を達成するためには、フォーム層の主領域の全体の厚さは好ましくは２ｍｍよりも大きいが、例えば、構造単位とそれがない領域との間の境界では、フォームをより薄い厚さにまで（さらに）圧縮することが局所的に可能であり、また、主要車体における突出物に続く領域、又は空間が限られている他の領域でも可能である。   FIG. 4 shows a cross-section A-A ′ (10) of the trim component shown in FIG. 3. The trim part was laminated together with a first region having a structural unit (9) comprising a PET foam layer (11) laminated between two compressed fixed fiber layers (12 and 13). Formed by a second remaining region (8) having two compressed fixed fiber layers (12 and 13). The fiber layers 12 and 13 are continuous layers covering the entire surface of the trim component. PET foam is moldable and can be molded to a smaller thickness, for example less than 2 mm, and at the edges of the PET foam layer the thickness of the foam varies to a very thin thickness as shown in the image Therefore, it is possible to smoothly shift from a region having a foam to a region having no foam. In order to achieve the required overall structural rigidity, the overall thickness of the main region of the foam layer is preferably greater than 2 mm, but for example the boundary between the structural unit and the region without it Now it is possible locally (further) to compress the foam to a thinner thickness, and also in the area following the protrusions in the main body or in other areas where space is limited.

この目的は、下記の態様１に記載の車両のための外部トリム部品又はクラディングによって達成される。
すなわち、本発明の態様としては、以下を挙げることができる：
《態様１》
重ね合わせそして一緒にラミネートして構造単位（９）を形成する、少なくとも３つの層を有する領域を少なくとも含む車両用の外部構造トリム部品であって、２つの外側層が、圧縮されて固定化した繊維層（１２及び１３）であり、前記２つの繊維外側層の間に位置する内側層が、不透過性ポリエステルフォーム層（１１）であることを特徴とする、車両用の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様２》
前記構造単位を含まないトリム部品の領域が、前記圧縮されて固定化した外側繊維層の少なくとも１つを含む、態様１又は２記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様３》
前記固定化した繊維層が、フィラー繊維と熱可塑性バインダの形態のバインダとからなり、前記バインダは、前記フィラー繊維の間に小さい結合点を形成して繊維材料を固定化している、先行の態様のいずれか１項記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様４》
前記フィラー繊維が、熱可塑性繊維、好ましくはポリエステル繊維、好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）又はポリブチレンテレフタレート（ＰＢＴ）のうちの少なくとも１種であるか、又は前記フィラー繊維が、このような繊維の混合物である、態様３に記載の外部トリム部品。
《態様５》
前記熱可塑性バインダが、ポリエステルのコポリマーであるか、又はポリアミドのいずれかであり、好ましくはポリアミド−６又はポリアミド−６６である、態様３又は４に記載の外部トリム部品。
《態様６》
前記フィラー繊維及びバインダが、バイコンポーネント繊維において組み合わされ、好ましくはフィラー繊維がコアを形成し、そしてバインダがシースを形成しているコアシースタイプのバイコンポーネント繊維において組み合わされている、態様４又は５に記載の外部トリム部品。
《態様７》
前記フィラー繊維が、ステープルファイバ又はエンドレスフィラメントであることができる、態様３〜６のいずれか一項に記載の外部トリム部品。
《態様８》
前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、１５ｍｍ未満、好ましくは８ｍｍ未満、好ましくは６ｍｍ未満のおおよその厚さを有する、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様９》
前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、少なくとも２ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも３ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも４ｍｍのおおよその厚さを有する、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１０》
前記構造単位の領域における前記圧縮されて固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つが、３ｍｍ未満、好ましくは１．５ｍｍ未満のおおよその厚さを有する、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１１》
前記構造単位の領域における前記圧縮されて固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つが、少なくとも０．２ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも０．５ｍｍのおおよその厚さを有する、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１２》
前記繊維層の少なくとも１つが、１５００ｇ．ｍ −２ 未満、好ましくは８００ｇ．ｍ −２ 未満、好ましくは６００ｇ．ｍ −２ 未満の面積重量を有する、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１３》
前記繊維層の少なくとも１つが、少なくとも２００ｇ．ｍ −２ 、好ましくは少なくとも３００ｇ．ｍ −２ の面積重量を有する、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１４》
前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、熱可塑性ポリエステルフォームであり、好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）フォームである、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１５》
前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、好ましくは独立気泡フォームである、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。
《態様１６》
前記繊維層と前記ポリエステルフォーム層との間に接着層をさらに含む、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の構造トリム部品。
《態様１７》
場合により穿孔されたフィルム層、好ましくは場合により穿孔された熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム層；不織スクリム層；放熱層、好ましくは金属フィルム、好ましくはアルミニウム；又は放熱性コーティング層の少なくとも１つの層であって、外側の固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つの外側表面に重ね合わされそしてラミネートされた層をさらに含む、先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の構造トリム部品。
《態様１８》
アンダーボディトリム部品、例えばアンダーボディパネル、アンダーエンジンシールド、リアアンダーボディパネル若しくはアンダーセンターパネルのアンダーボディトリム部品としての、又はエンジンベイトリム部品、例えばボンネットライナー若しくはエンジンシールドとしての先行の態様のいずれか一項に記載の構造トリム部品の車両での使用。
This object is achieved by an external trim part or cladding for a vehicle as described in aspect 1 below .
That is, examples of the embodiment of the present invention include the following:
<< Aspect 1 >>
An exterior structural trim component for a vehicle comprising at least a region having at least three layers that are stacked and laminated together to form a structural unit (9), wherein the two outer layers are compressed and secured External structural trim component for vehicles, characterized in that the inner layer, which is a fiber layer (12 and 13) and is located between the two fiber outer layers, is an impermeable polyester foam layer (11).
<< Aspect 2 >>
The external structural trim component according to aspect 1 or 2, wherein a region of the trim component that does not include the structural unit includes at least one of the compressed and fixed outer fiber layers.
<< Aspect 3 >>
The preceding aspect, wherein the fixed fiber layer is composed of a filler fiber and a binder in the form of a thermoplastic binder, and the binder forms a small bonding point between the filler fibers to fix a fiber material. The external structure trim part according to any one of the above.
<< Aspect 4 >>
The filler fiber is a thermoplastic fiber, preferably a polyester fiber, preferably at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or the filler fiber is a mixture of such fibers The external trim component according to aspect 3, wherein
<< Aspect 5 >>
5. External trim component according to aspect 3 or 4, wherein the thermoplastic binder is either a polyester copolymer or a polyamide, preferably polyamide-6 or polyamide-66.
<< Aspect 6 >>
Embodiment 4 or 5 wherein the filler fiber and binder are combined in a bicomponent fiber, preferably in a core sheath type bicomponent fiber in which the filler fiber forms a core and the binder forms a sheath External trim parts as described in
<< Aspect 7 >>
7. The external trim component according to any one of aspects 3-6, wherein the filler fiber can be a staple fiber or an endless filament.
<< Aspect 8 >>
External structural trim component according to any one of the preceding aspects, wherein the polyester foam layer has an approximate thickness of less than 15 mm, preferably less than 8 mm, preferably less than 6 mm.
<< Aspect 9 >>
External structural trim component according to any one of the preceding aspects, wherein the polyester foam layer has an approximate thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm.
<< Aspect 10 >>
External structure according to any one of the preceding aspects, wherein at least one of the compressed and fixed fibrous layers in the region of the structural unit has an approximate thickness of less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm. Trim parts.
<< Aspect 11 >>
According to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one of the compressed and immobilized fibrous layers in the region of the structural unit has an approximate thickness of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm. External structural trim parts.
<< Aspect 12 >>
At least one of the fiber layers is 1500 g. less than m -2 , preferably 800 g. m- 2 or less, preferably 600 g. The external structural trim part according to any one of the previous aspects, having an area weight of less than m −2 .
<< Aspect 13 >>
At least one of the fiber layers is at least 200 g. m −2 , preferably at least 300 g. External structural trim component according to any one of the preceding aspects, having an area weight of m- 2 .
<< Aspect 14 >>
External structural trim component according to any one of the preceding aspects, wherein the polyester foam layer is a thermoplastic polyester foam, preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam.
<< Aspect 15 >>
External structural trim component according to any one of the preceding aspects, wherein the polyester foam layer is preferably a closed cell foam.
<< Aspect 16 >>
The structural trim part according to any one of the preceding aspects, further comprising an adhesive layer between the fiber layer and the polyester foam layer.
<< Aspect 17 >>
An optionally perforated film layer, preferably an optionally perforated thermoplastic polyurethane film layer; a non-woven scrim layer; a heat dissipation layer, preferably a metal film, preferably aluminum; or a heat dissipation coating layer. The structural trim component according to any one of the previous embodiments, further comprising a layer superimposed and laminated to at least one outer surface of the outer immobilized fiber layer.
<< Aspect 18 >>
Any of the preceding aspects as an underbody trim part, for example an underbody panel, under engine shield, rear underbody panel or under center panel, or as an engine bay trim part, for example a bonnet liner or engine shield Use of structural trim parts according to one item in vehicles.

Claims (18)

重ね合わせそして一緒にラミネートして構造単位（９）を形成する、少なくとも３つの層を有する領域を少なくとも含む車両用の外部構造トリム部品であって、２つの外側層が、圧縮されて固定化した繊維層（１２及び１３）であり、前記２つの繊維外側層の間に位置する内側層が、不透過性ポリエステルフォーム層（１１）であることを特徴とする、車両用の外部構造トリム部品。   An exterior structural trim component for a vehicle comprising at least a region having at least three layers that are stacked and laminated together to form a structural unit (9), wherein the two outer layers are compressed and secured External structural trim component for vehicles, characterized in that the inner layer, which is a fiber layer (12 and 13) and is located between the two fiber outer layers, is an impermeable polyester foam layer (11). 前記構造単位を含まないトリム部品の領域が、前記圧縮されて固定化した外側繊維層の少なくとも１つを含む、請求項１又は２記載の外部構造トリム部品。   The outer structural trim component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a region of the trim component that does not include the structural unit includes at least one of the compressed and fixed outer fiber layers. 前記固定化した繊維層が、フィラー繊維と熱可塑性バインダの形態のバインダとからなり、前記バインダは、前記フィラー繊維の間に小さい結合点を形成して繊維材料を固定化している、先行の請求項のいずれか１項記載の外部構造トリム部品。   The preceding claim, wherein the fixed fiber layer comprises filler fibers and a binder in the form of a thermoplastic binder, the binder forming a small bond point between the filler fibers to fix the fiber material. The external structure trim part according to any one of the preceding claims. 前記フィラー繊維が、熱可塑性繊維、好ましくはポリエステル繊維、好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）又はポリブチレンテレフタレート（ＰＢＴ）のうちの少なくとも１種であるか、又は前記フィラー繊維が、このような繊維の混合物である、請求項３記載の外部トリム部品。   The filler fiber is a thermoplastic fiber, preferably a polyester fiber, preferably at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or the filler fiber is a mixture of such fibers The external trim component according to claim 3, wherein 前記熱可塑性バインダが、ポリエステルのコポリマーであるか、又はポリアミドのいずれかであり、好ましくはポリアミド−６又はポリアミド−６６である、請求項３又は４に記載の外部トリム部品。   External trim part according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the thermoplastic binder is either a polyester copolymer or a polyamide, preferably polyamide-6 or polyamide-66. 前記フィラー繊維及びバインダが、バイコンポーネント繊維において組み合わされ、好ましくはフィラー繊維がコアを形成し、そしてバインダがシースを形成しているコアシースタイプのバイコンポーネント繊維において組み合わされている、請求項４又は５に記載の外部トリム部品。   The filler fiber and binder are combined in a bicomponent fiber, preferably in a core sheath type bicomponent fiber, wherein the filler fiber forms a core and the binder forms a sheath. 5. External trim component according to 5. 前記フィラー繊維は、ステープルファイバ又はエンドレスフィラメントであることができる、請求項３〜６のいずれか一項に記載の外部トリム部品。   The external trim component according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the filler fibers can be staple fibers or endless filaments. 前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、１５ｍｍ未満、好ましくは８ｍｍ未満、好ましくは６ｍｍ未満のおおよその厚さを有する、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。   External structural trim component according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyester foam layer has an approximate thickness of less than 15 mm, preferably less than 8 mm, preferably less than 6 mm. 前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、少なくとも２ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも３ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも４ｍｍのおおよその厚さを有する、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。   External structural trim part according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyester foam layer has an approximate thickness of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm. 前記構造単位の領域における前記圧縮されて固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つが、３ｍｍ未満、好ましくは１．５ｍｍ未満のおおよその厚さを有する、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。   The exterior according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the compressed and fixed fibrous layers in the region of the structural unit has an approximate thickness of less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm. Structural trim parts. 前記構造単位の領域における前記圧縮されて固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つが、少なくとも０．２ｍｍ、好ましくは少なくとも０．５ｍｍのおおよその厚さを有する、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。   At least one of the compressed and fixed fibrous layers in the region of the structural unit has an approximate thickness of at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm. External structural trim parts. 前記繊維層の少なくとも１つが、１５００ｇ．ｍ−２未満、好ましくは８００ｇ．ｍ−２未満、好ましくは６００ｇ．ｍ−２未満の面積重量を有する、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。 At least one of the fiber layers is 1500 g. less than m -2 , preferably 800 g. m- 2 or less, preferably 600 g. External structural trim component according to any of the preceding claims, having an area weight of less than m -2 . 前記繊維層の少なくとも１つが、少なくとも２００ｇ．ｍ−２、好ましくは少なくとも３００ｇ．ｍ−２の面積重量を有する、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。 At least one of the fiber layers is at least 200 g. m −2 , preferably at least 300 g. The outer structural trim part according to any one of the preceding claims, having an area weight of m- 2 . 前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、熱可塑性ポリエステルフォームであり、好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）フォームである、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。   External structural trim component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyester foam layer is a thermoplastic polyester foam, preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam. 前記ポリエステルフォーム層が、好ましくは独立気泡フォームである、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の外部構造トリム部品。   External structural trim component according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the polyester foam layer is preferably a closed cell foam. 前記繊維層と前記ポリエステルフォーム層との間に接着層をさらに含む、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の構造トリム部品。   The structural trim component according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an adhesive layer between the fiber layer and the polyester foam layer. 場合により穿孔されたフィルム層、好ましくは場合により穿孔された熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム層；不織スクリム層；放熱層、好ましくは金属フィルム、好ましくはアルミニウム；又は放熱性コーティング層の少なくとも１つの層であって、外側の固定化した繊維層の少なくとも１つの外側表面に重ね合わされそしてラミネートされた層をさらに含む、先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の構造トリム部品。   An optionally perforated film layer, preferably an optionally perforated thermoplastic polyurethane film layer; a non-woven scrim layer; a heat dissipation layer, preferably a metal film, preferably aluminum; or a heat dissipation coating layer. A structural trim component according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a layer superimposed and laminated to at least one outer surface of the outer fixed fiber layer. アンダーボディトリム部品、例えばアンダーボディパネル、アンダーエンジンシールド、リアアンダーボディパネル若しくはアンダーセンターパネルのアンダーボディトリム部品としての、又はエンジンベイトリム部品、例えばボンネットライナー若しくはエンジンシールドとしての先行の請求項のいずれか一項に記載の構造トリム部品の車両での使用。   Any of the preceding claims as an underbody trim part, for example an underbody panel, an under engine shield, a rear underbody panel or an under center panel, or an engine bay trim part, for example a bonnet liner or engine shield Use of structural trim parts according to claim 1 in vehicles.
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