JP2018191407A - Ground fault protection system and ground fault protection device in substation for railroad track - Google Patents

Ground fault protection system and ground fault protection device in substation for railroad track Download PDF

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JP2018191407A
JP2018191407A JP2017090926A JP2017090926A JP2018191407A JP 2018191407 A JP2018191407 A JP 2018191407A JP 2017090926 A JP2017090926 A JP 2017090926A JP 2017090926 A JP2017090926 A JP 2017090926A JP 2018191407 A JP2018191407 A JP 2018191407A
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ground fault
substation
fault protection
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detection signal
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JP6867863B2 (en
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憲一 山盛
Kenichi Yamamori
憲一 山盛
敏巳 阿部
Toshimi Abe
敏巳 阿部
加藤　洋
Hiroshi Kato
洋 加藤
孝行 松井
Takayuki Matsui
孝行 松井
瑛人 臼杵
Teruhito Usuki
瑛人 臼杵
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East Japan Railway Co
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ground fault protection system capable of operating a circuit breaker on a substation side to shut off a ground fault current when a high resistance ground fault occurs and a ground fault protection device used for the same.SOLUTION: In a ground fault protection system at a substation for a railroad track to which an impedance bond is connected in the middle of a return wire, where a feed line and the return wire from the substation equipped with a transformer is laid, the substation is provided with a circuit breaker connected between the transformer and the electric wire or the return wire. Between the impedance bond and the earth, a ground fault protection device having discharge means for discharging when a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined value is applied, and operation detection means capable of detecting operation of the discharge means is provided. The ground fault protection device includes signal sending means for generating a detection signal in response to the operation detection means detecting operation of the discharging means and outputting the detection signal to the substation and shuts off the circuit breaker when the substation receives the detection signal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システム及び地絡保護装置に関し、特に交流変電所の近傍に位置する交流き電線及び電車線の敷設区間における地絡保護に利用して有効な技術に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a ground fault protection system and a ground fault protection device in a substation for electric railway lines, and in particular, a technique effective for use in ground fault protection in a laying section of an AC feeder and a train line located in the vicinity of an AC substation. About.

従来、非電化区間を走行する鉄道車両としてはディーゼルエンジンを搭載したディーゼル車が一般的であったが、近年、電池を動力源とする蓄電池駆動式電車が普及しつつある。一般的な蓄電池駆動式電車は駆動手段が直流電動機であるため、先ず直流電化区間と非電化区間を走行する車両が実用化され、その後、交流電化区間と非電化区間を走行する車両が実用化されている。交流電化区間と非電化区間を走行する車両の場合、交流電流を直流電流に変換する整流器が車両に搭載されているため、例えば非電化区間の終点駅（折返し駅）で蓄電池を充電させたい場合には、終点駅近傍に交流変電所を設けるとともに、交流変電所から充電地点までき電線と帰線を敷設する必要がある。   Conventionally, a diesel vehicle equipped with a diesel engine is generally used as a railway vehicle that travels in a non-electrified section. In recent years, a battery-powered train using a battery as a power source is becoming widespread. In general battery-powered trains, the driving means is a DC motor, so vehicles that run on DC electrified sections and non- electrified sections are first put into practical use, and then vehicles that run on AC electrified sections and non- electrified sections are put into practical use. Has been. In the case of a vehicle traveling in an AC electrified section and a non- electrified section, a rectifier that converts AC current into DC current is mounted on the vehicle. For example, if you want to charge a storage battery at the end station (turn-back station) in a non-electric section It is necessary to install an AC substation near the terminal station and to lay an electric wire and return line from the AC substation to the charging point.

ところで、一般に、交流変電所においては、地絡が発生した場合、過電流継電器及び距離継電器により地絡を検出して高速遮断器を動作させて地絡電流を遮断することにより、地絡事故から交流変電所を保護している。また、従来の交流変電所における地絡保護に関しては、地絡電流が大きい変電所内外の地絡に対しては過電流継電器により保護を図る一方、変電所から離れた地点でかつ地絡電流が少ない地絡に対しては距離継電器により保護を図っていた。距離継電器は、き電線のインピーダンスの変化を検出して動作するものであるため、変電所から比較的離れた地点における地絡に対して有効であり、変電所の近傍に位置するき電線で発生する地絡を検出して継電器を動作させるのには不向きである。   By the way, in general, in an AC substation, when a ground fault occurs, a ground fault is detected by an overcurrent relay and a distance relay and a high-speed circuit breaker is operated to cut off the ground fault current. Protects the AC substation. In addition, with regard to ground fault protection in conventional AC substations, overcurrent relays are used to protect against ground faults inside and outside the substation where the ground fault current is large. To protect against a small number of ground faults, a distance relay was used for protection. Since the distance relay operates by detecting changes in the impedance of the feeder, it is effective against ground faults at a location relatively far from the substation, and is generated in the feeder located near the substation. It is not suitable for operating the relay by detecting the ground fault.

一方、交流電化区間における地絡保護の機器としては、放電管（ガスアレスタ）を使用した保安器がある。従来の保安器を使用した送電システムにおいては、例えば図４に示すように、き電線がホーム上家に接触して地絡が発生したような場合に保安器が動作し、保安器が動作すると変電所からき電線へ流れる電流が増加するため、過電流継電器により地絡を検出して高速遮断器を動作させて電流を遮断することができ、これにより地絡地点の近傍に設置されている信号機等の鉄道設備機器の焼損事故を防止することができる。なお、このような保安器を用いた地絡保護装置に関する発明としては、例えば特許文献１に記載されているものがある。   On the other hand, as a ground fault protection device in the AC electrification section, there is a protector using a discharge tube (gas arrester). In a power transmission system using a conventional protector, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, when a ground fault occurs due to contact of a feeder with a home on the home, the protector operates and the protector operates. Since the current flowing from the substation to the feeder line increases, it is possible to detect the ground fault with the overcurrent relay and operate the high-speed circuit breaker to cut off the current, thereby causing the traffic signal installed near the ground fault point It is possible to prevent burnout accidents of railway equipment such as. In addition, as invention regarding the ground fault protection apparatus using such a protector, there exist some which are described in patent document 1, for example.

特開２０１７−１３５４７号公報JP 2017-13547 A

特許文献１に記載されている保安器を用いた地絡保護装置においては、変電所からき電線へ供給される交流電圧が数万ボルトの場合、保安器の放電管の放電電圧は数千ボルトに設定され、それによって図４に示すように、き電線がホーム上家に接触して地絡が発生したような場合に保安器が動作して保護を図ることができる。   In the ground fault protection device using the protector described in Patent Document 1, when the AC voltage supplied from the substation to the feeder is tens of thousands of volts, the discharge voltage of the discharge tube of the protector is several thousand volts. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4, when the feeder contacts the home and a ground fault occurs, the protector operates to protect.

しかしながら、図５に示すように、高抵抗で大地に接触して地絡が発生した場合、その地絡は高抵抗地絡（数百Ω）となり、レール・大地間の電位上昇は数百Ｖに達し、それによって数十Ａの地絡電流が流れることが分かった。一方、本発明者らが導入を検討した非電化区間を走行する蓄電池駆動式電車の消費電流は５０Ａ程度あり、上記地絡電流と区別するのが困難である。また、き電線が変電所から近い地点では距離継電器により地絡を検出して継電器を動作させるのが困難である。   However, as shown in FIG. 5, when a ground fault occurs due to contact with the ground with high resistance, the ground fault becomes a high resistance ground fault (several hundreds Ω), and the potential increase between the rail and the ground is several hundred volts. As a result, it was found that a ground fault current of several tens of A flows. On the other hand, the current consumption of the battery-powered train that travels in the non-electrified section that the present inventors have considered introducing is about 50 A, and is difficult to distinguish from the ground fault current. Moreover, it is difficult to operate the relay by detecting a ground fault with a distance relay at a point where the feeder line is close to the substation.

そのため、上記のような高抵抗地絡が発生した場合には、放電電圧が数千ボルトである保安器は動作しないため保安器による地絡保護は期待することができないとともに、地絡電流が電車の消費電流と同程度であるため交流変電所の過電流継電器も地絡を検出することができず、地絡電流が流れ続けてしまうという課題があることが明らかになった。   For this reason, when a high-resistance ground fault such as that described above occurs, a protective device with a discharge voltage of several thousand volts does not operate, so it is not possible to expect ground fault protection by the protective device. It was found that the overcurrent relay of the AC substation cannot detect the ground fault because the current consumption is almost the same as the current consumption, and there is a problem that the ground fault current continues to flow.

本発明は上記のような課題に着目してなされたもので、その目的とするところは、レール・大地間の電位上昇が数百Ｖである高抵抗地絡が発生した場合にも動作することができる地絡保護装置を提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、高抵抗地絡が発生して地絡保護装置が動作した場合に、変電所側において遮断器を動作させて地絡電流を遮断することができる地絡保護システムを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described problems, and its purpose is to operate even when a high-resistance ground fault occurs in which the potential rise between the rail and the ground is several hundred volts. An object of the present invention is to provide a ground fault protection device capable of
Another object of the present invention is to provide a ground fault protection system capable of interrupting a ground fault current by operating a circuit breaker on a substation side when a high resistance ground fault occurs and the ground fault protection device operates. It is to provide.

上記目的を達成するため、この発明は、
変圧器を備えた変電所からのき電線および帰線電線が敷設され、前記帰線電線の途中にインピーダンスボンドが接続されている電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システムにおいて、
前記変電所には、前記変圧器と前記き電線または前記帰線電線との間に接続された遮断器が設けられ、
前記インピーダンスボンドと大地との間には、所定値以上の電圧が印加された際に放電する放電手段および該放電手段が動作したことを検出可能な動作検出手段を有する地絡保護装置が設けられ、
前記地絡保護装置は、前記動作検出手段が前記放電手段の動作を検出したことに応じて検出信号を生成し前記変電所へ検出信号を出力する信号送出手段を備え、
前記変電所が前記検出信号を受信すると前記遮断器が遮断されるように構成したものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides:
In a ground fault protection system in a substation for electric railway lines in which feeders and return wires from a substation equipped with a transformer are laid and an impedance bond is connected in the middle of the return wires,
The substation is provided with a circuit breaker connected between the transformer and the feeder or return wire,
Between the impedance bond and the ground, there is provided a ground fault protection device having a discharging means for discharging when a voltage of a predetermined value or more is applied, and an operation detecting means capable of detecting the operation of the discharging means. ,
The ground fault protection device includes a signal transmission unit that generates a detection signal in response to the operation detection unit detecting the operation of the discharge unit and outputs the detection signal to the substation,
The circuit breaker is configured to be disconnected when the substation receives the detection signal.

上記のような構成を有する地絡保護システムによれば、レール・大地間の電位上昇が数百Ｖである高抵抗地絡が発生した場合に地絡保護装置の放電手段が動作して地絡電流を変電所まで帰すとともに、放電手段が動作したことを検出して変電所へ知らせ、変電所側において遮断器を動作させて地絡電流を遮断することができる。   According to the ground fault protection system having the above configuration, when a high resistance ground fault with a potential increase of several hundred volts between the rail and the ground occurs, the discharging means of the ground fault protection device operates and the ground fault occurs. While returning the current to the substation, it is possible to detect that the discharging means has been operated and notify the substation, and operate the circuit breaker on the substation side to interrupt the ground fault current.

本発明の地絡保護システムは、特に変電所と充電ステーションとの距離が１ｋｍ以下（数１００ｍ）である場合に適用すると有効である。変電所と充電ステーションとの距離が数１００ｍである場合に変電所の近傍においてき電線が切れて地絡すると、地絡電流が電車の消費電流と同程度の値であるため、変電所側では地絡電流と電車の消費電流を区別できないが、地絡保護装置の放電手段が動作して地絡電流を流し、その電流を検知して地絡発生を地絡保護装置から変電所へ知らせて遮断器を動作させ地絡電流を遮断することができる。   The ground fault protection system of the present invention is particularly effective when applied to a case where the distance between the substation and the charging station is 1 km or less (several hundred meters). When the distance between the substation and the charging station is several hundred meters, if the feeder line breaks near the substation and causes a ground fault, the ground fault current is the same value as the current consumed by the train. Although the ground fault current and the current consumption of the train cannot be distinguished, the ground fault protection device discharge means operates to cause the ground fault current to flow, and the current is detected to notify the substation of the occurrence of the ground fault. The circuit breaker can be operated to cut off the ground fault current.

ここで、望ましくは、前記変電所には、過電流継電器および該過電流継電器からの信号および前記検出信号に基いて前記遮断器を制御する制御手段が設けられ、
前記変電所が前記検出信号を受信すると前記制御手段によって前記遮断器が遮断されるように構成する。
かかる構成によれば、過電流継電器により変電所内部で発生した地絡を検知して遮断器を動作させ地絡電流を遮断することができるとともに、変電所の近傍で発生した地絡を検知して遮断器を動作させ地絡電流を遮断することができる。また、変電所内部で発生する地絡と変電所の近傍で発生する地絡とで、動作させる遮断器を共通化させることができる。つまり、別々に遮断器を設ける必要がない。 Here, desirably, the substation is provided with a control means for controlling the circuit breaker based on an overcurrent relay and a signal from the overcurrent relay and the detection signal,
When the substation receives the detection signal, the circuit breaker is shut off by the control means.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to detect a ground fault generated in the substation by the overcurrent relay and operate the circuit breaker to cut off the ground fault current, and to detect a ground fault generated in the vicinity of the substation. By operating the circuit breaker, the ground fault current can be interrupted. Moreover, the circuit breaker to be operated can be shared by the ground fault generated inside the substation and the ground fault generated near the substation. That is, it is not necessary to provide a separate circuit breaker.

また、本出願の他の発明は、
変圧器を備えた変電所からのき電線および帰線電線が敷設されている電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システムを構成する地絡保護装置において、
所定値以上の電圧が印加された際に放電する放電手段と、
前記放電手段が動作したことを検出可能な動作検出手段と、
前記動作検出手段が前記放電手段の動作を検出したことに応じて検出信号を生成し前記変電所へ検出信号を出力する信号送出手段と、
を備えるように構成したものである。 In addition, other inventions of the present application are:
In the ground fault protection device that constitutes the ground fault protection system in the substation for electric railway lines where feeders and return wires from the substation equipped with a transformer are laid,
Discharging means for discharging when a voltage of a predetermined value or more is applied;
Operation detecting means capable of detecting that the discharging means has been operated;
A signal sending means for generating a detection signal in response to the operation detecting means detecting the operation of the discharging means and outputting the detection signal to the substation;
It is comprised so that it may be equipped with.

上記のような構成を有する地絡保護装置によれば、レール・大地間の電位上昇が数百Ｖである高抵抗地絡が発生した場合に地絡保護装置の放電手段が動作して地絡電流を流し、周辺の鉄道設備機器が焼損する事故が発生したり駅の利用者が感電したりするのを回避することができるとともに、放電手段が動作したことを検出して変電所等へ知らせることができる。   According to the ground fault protection device having the above configuration, when a high resistance ground fault in which the potential increase between the rail and the ground is several hundred volts occurs, the discharging means of the ground fault protection device operates and the ground fault occurs. It is possible to avoid accidents that cause currents to flow and burn out nearby railway equipment and electric shocks of station users, and detect that the discharging means has been activated and notify substations, etc. be able to.

また、望ましくは、前記放電手段と並列に設けられたバックアップ用の放電手段を備えるように構成する。
かかる構成によれば、高抵抗地絡が発生した際に放電手段が電流を流すことで故障が生じた後に再度地絡が発生したような場合にも、バックアップ用の放電手段が動作して地絡電流を流すことができき、地絡保護装置の故障を検知することができる。 Preferably, backup discharge means provided in parallel with the discharge means is provided.
According to this configuration, even when a ground fault occurs again after a failure occurs due to a current flowing through the discharge means when a high resistance ground fault occurs, the backup discharge means operates and the ground is A fault current can be passed, and a fault in the ground fault protection device can be detected.

さらに、望ましくは、前記放電手段と直列に接続されたコイルと並列に設けられた保護用の放電手段を備えるように構成する。
かかる構成によれば、保護用の放電手段を備えることによって、地絡発生の際に、レール電位抑止用の放電手段と直列に接続されているコイル（側路開閉器のコイル）が損傷するのを回避することができる。 Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a protective discharge means provided in parallel with a coil connected in series with the discharge means.
According to such a configuration, by providing the discharge means for protection, the coil (the coil of the side switch) connected in series with the discharge means for suppressing rail potential is damaged when a ground fault occurs. Can be avoided.

本発明に係る地絡保護装置によれば、レール・大地間の電位上昇が数百Ｖである高抵抗地絡が発生した場合にも動作することができる。また、本発明に係る地絡保護システムによれば、高抵抗地絡が発生して地絡保護装置が動作した場合に、変電所側において遮断器を動作させて地絡電流を遮断することができるという効果がある。   The ground fault protection device according to the present invention can operate even when a high-resistance ground fault occurs in which the potential increase between the rail and the ground is several hundred volts. Further, according to the ground fault protection system according to the present invention, when a high resistance ground fault occurs and the ground fault protection device operates, the circuit breaker is operated on the substation side to interrupt the ground fault current. There is an effect that can be done.

本発明に係る地絡保護システムの一実施形態の構成を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of one Embodiment of the ground fault protection system which concerns on this invention. 実施形態の地絡保護システムを構成する地絡保護装置の構成例を示す回路構成図である。It is a circuit block diagram which shows the structural example of the ground fault protection apparatus which comprises the ground fault protection system of embodiment. （Ａ）は実施形態の地絡保護システムを構成する地絡保護装置の第１の変形例を示す回路構成図、（Ｂ）は第２の変形例を示す回路構成図である。(A) is a circuit block diagram which shows the 1st modification of the ground fault protection apparatus which comprises the ground fault protection system of embodiment, (B) is a circuit block diagram which shows a 2nd modification. 従来の保安器を用いた地絡保護システムにおいて、き電線がホーム上家に接触して地絡が発生した状態を示す説明図である。In the ground fault protection system using the conventional protector, it is explanatory drawing which shows the state where the feeder contacted the home upper house and the ground fault occurred. 従来の保安器を用いた地絡保護システムにおいて、き電線が変電所から近い地点において、高抵抗で大地に接触して地絡が発生した状態を示す説明図である。In the ground fault protection system using the conventional protector, it is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the ground fault generate | occur | produced in contact with the earth with high resistance in the point close | similar to a substation.

以下、図面を参照しつつ、本発明に係る地絡保護システムおよび地絡保護装置の一実施形態について詳細に説明する。図１は本発明に係る地絡保護システムの一実施形態の構成を示す概略構成図、図２は図１の地絡保護システムを構成する地絡保護装置の構成例を示す回路構成図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a ground fault protection system and a ground fault protection device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a ground fault protection system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a ground fault protection device constituting the ground fault protection system of FIG. .

本実施形態に係る地絡保護システムが適用されるのは、電鉄路線用変電所の近傍に位置する交流き電線及び電車線敷設区間であり、整流器を備えた蓄電池駆動式電車の蓄電池を、停車中に、交流き電線およびパンタグラフを介して供給される交流電圧で充電する充電ステーション（例えば非電化区間の折返し駅）である。また、充電ステーションから数１００ｍ程度離れたエリアに交流変電所が設けられる。   The ground fault protection system according to the present embodiment is applied to an AC feeder line and a train line laying section located in the vicinity of a substation for electric railway lines, and a storage battery of a storage battery drive train equipped with a rectifier is stopped. A charging station (for example, a turn-back station in a non-electrified section) for charging with an AC voltage supplied via an AC feeder and a pantograph. In addition, an AC substation is provided in an area about several hundred meters away from the charging station.

図１において、符号１０が付されているのは交流変電所、符号２０が付されているのは充電ステーションとしての折返し駅であり、交流変電所１０と折返し駅２０との間に、き電線３１と帰線電線３２、電車線３７が電化柱３６に吊架された状態で敷設されている。また、図１において、一点鎖線は、地絡が発生した時の地絡電流の流れを示している。
図１に示すように、交流変電所１０には、交流き電電源としての変圧器１１と、変圧器１１とき電線３１との間に設けられた遮断器１２と、当該交流変電所において地絡が発生した場合にこれを検出する過電流継電器１３と、過電流継電器１３からの信号および後述の地絡保護装置３５からの信号に応じて遮断器１２を動作させる制御部１４と、を有する。また、図示しないが、交流変電所１０には避雷器及び変電所内用保安器が設けられる。 In FIG. 1, the reference numeral 10 is attached to an AC substation, and the reference numeral 20 is assigned to a turning station as a charging station, and the feeder is between the AC substation 10 and the turning station 20. 31, the return wire 32, and the train line 37 are laid in a state of being suspended from the electrification column 36. Moreover, in FIG. 1, the dashed-dotted line has shown the flow of the ground fault electric current when a ground fault generate | occur | produces.
As shown in FIG. 1, the AC substation 10 includes a transformer 11 as an AC feeding power source, a circuit breaker 12 provided between the transformer 11 and the electric wire 31, and a ground fault in the AC substation. An overcurrent relay 13 that detects the occurrence of the occurrence of a fault, and a control unit 14 that operates the circuit breaker 12 in response to a signal from the overcurrent relay 13 and a signal from a ground fault protection device 35 described later. Although not shown, the AC substation 10 is provided with a lightning arrester and a substation guard.

また、図１に示すように、折返し駅２０には、蓄電池駆動式電車が走行するレール３３が設けられ、該レール３３の端部にはレール３３と帰線電線３２とを電気的に接続し帰線の一部を構成する吸上線３２ａが設けられ、吸上線３２ａとレール３３との間に軌道回路の電気信号を遮断し帰線電流を通過させるインピーダンスボンド（ＺＢ）３４が設けられている。さらに、帰線の一部を構成する吸上線３２ａとインピーダンスボンド３４との変電所側接続点と大地ＧＮＤとの間には、地絡が発生した場合に動作するとともに地絡の発生を交流変電所１０へ知らせる信号を送信する機能を有する地絡保護装置３５が設けられている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the turn-back station 20 is provided with a rail 33 on which a storage battery-driven train runs, and the rail 33 and the return wire 32 are electrically connected to the end of the rail 33. A suction line 32a constituting a part of the return line is provided, and an impedance bond (ZB) 34 is provided between the suction line 32a and the rail 33 to cut off the electric signal of the track circuit and pass the return current. . Furthermore, the operation is performed when a ground fault occurs between the substation-side connection point of the suction line 32a and the impedance bond 34 constituting a part of the return line and the ground GND, and the generation of the ground fault is controlled by the AC substation. A ground fault protection device 35 having a function of transmitting a signal to inform the station 10 is provided.

地絡保護装置３５は、後に詳しく説明するが、図５に示すように、変電所に近い箇所においてき電線が断線して地絡（高抵抗地絡）が発生した際にも動作してレール・大地間電位の上昇を抑制できるように、放電電圧が比較的低く設定されている。そして、地絡保護装置３５において放電が発生すると、地絡保護装置３５が地絡の発生を交流変電所１０へ知らせる信号を送信する。交流変電所１０においては、地絡発生信号を受信すると制御部１４が遮断器１２を遮断動作させて、き電線３１への交流電流の送出を停止させ、地絡電流が流れなくなるように構成されている。制御部１４は、過電流継電器１３からの信号と地絡保護装置３５からの信号論理和をとる論理ゲート回路であっても良い。   The ground fault protection device 35, which will be described in detail later, operates even when a ground fault (high resistance ground fault) occurs due to a broken wire at a location near the substation as shown in FIG. -The discharge voltage is set to be relatively low so that the rise in ground potential can be suppressed. Then, when a discharge occurs in the ground fault protection device 35, the ground fault protection device 35 transmits a signal notifying the AC substation 10 that a ground fault has occurred. The AC substation 10 is configured such that when the ground fault occurrence signal is received, the control unit 14 shuts off the circuit breaker 12 to stop the transmission of the AC current to the feeder line 31 so that the ground fault current does not flow. ing. The control unit 14 may be a logic gate circuit that takes the logical OR of the signal from the overcurrent relay 13 and the signal from the ground fault protection device 35.

このように、図１の地絡保護システムにおいては、地絡保護装置３５が動作することで、高抵抗地絡が発生した際にレール電位の上昇を抑止するとともに地絡が継続してしまうのを回避することができる。その結果、周辺の信号機等の鉄道設備機器が地絡の影響を受けて焼損したり、レール・大地間電位が上昇してホーム上の乗客が地絡電流で感電したりする事故が発生するのを防止することができる。   As described above, in the ground fault protection system of FIG. 1, the ground fault protection device 35 operates, so that when the high resistance ground fault occurs, the rise of the rail potential is suppressed and the ground fault continues. Can be avoided. As a result, there are accidents in which nearby traffic lights and other railway equipment are burned out due to the effects of ground faults, and the potential between the rails and the ground rises, causing passengers on the platform to be electrocuted by ground fault currents. Can be prevented.

図１の地絡保護システムを構成する地絡保護装置３５は、図２に示すように、接地側端子５１とレール側端子５２との間に接続され端子間に印加された過電圧によって放電して電流を大地へ流してレール側端子５２の電位上昇を抑止するための放電管（ガスアレスタ）５３と、接地側端子５１とレール側端子５２との間に上記放電管５３と並列に接続された側路開閉器５４と、上記放電管５３を通してレール側端子５２へ流れる電流を検知するカレントトランスなどからなる地絡電流検知器５５と、を有する。側路開閉器５４は、直列形態のコイルＭ１，Ｍ２と、該コイルＭ１，Ｍ２の接続ノードとレール側端子５２との間に接続されたスイッチＳＷとを有し、放電管５３はコイルＭ１，Ｍ２および抵抗Ｒ１と直列形態となるように、端子５１−端子５２間に接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the ground fault protection device 35 constituting the ground fault protection system of FIG. 1 is connected between the ground side terminal 51 and the rail side terminal 52 and is discharged by an overvoltage applied between the terminals. A discharge tube (gas arrester) 53 for flowing an electric current to the ground to suppress the potential rise of the rail side terminal 52 and the discharge tube 53 connected in parallel between the ground side terminal 51 and the rail side terminal 52 are connected. A side switch 54 and a ground fault current detector 55 including a current transformer for detecting a current flowing through the discharge tube 53 to the rail side terminal 52 are provided. The side switch 54 includes coils M1 and M2 in series and a switch SW connected between a connection node of the coils M1 and M2 and the rail-side terminal 52. The discharge tube 53 includes coils M1 and M2. It is connected between the terminal 51 and the terminal 52 so as to be in series with M2 and the resistor R1.

また、本実施例の地絡保護装置３５は、地絡電流検知器５５により所定値以上の電流が流れたことを検出した場合に動作する動作検出回路５６と、動作検出回路５６からの信号によって接点がオン、オフされる電磁リレー５７とを有する。動作検出回路５６は過電流継電器などにより構成することができる。また、動作検出回路５６には、地絡電流の検知回数を計数するカウンタ回路を内蔵させるようにしても良い。
なお、本実施例の地絡保護装置３５においては、動作検出回路５６および電磁リレー５７が一般のＡＣ１００Ｖの商用電源によって動作するように構成されている。 In addition, the ground fault protection device 35 of the present embodiment is based on an operation detection circuit 56 that operates when a ground fault current detector 55 detects that a current of a predetermined value or more has flowed, and a signal from the operation detection circuit 56. And an electromagnetic relay 57 whose contacts are turned on and off. The operation detection circuit 56 can be configured by an overcurrent relay or the like. Further, the operation detection circuit 56 may include a counter circuit that counts the number of times of detecting the ground fault current.
In the ground fault protection device 35 of the present embodiment, the operation detection circuit 56 and the electromagnetic relay 57 are configured to operate with a general AC 100 V commercial power source.

従来の保安器は、変電所からき電線へ供給される交流電圧が２２０００ボルトの場合、保安器に内蔵されている放電管の放電電圧は、き電線へ供給される交流電圧の約１０分の１の２５００ボルト程度に設定されている。これによって、従来の保安器を用いた地絡保護システムにおいては、例えば図４に示すように、き電線がホーム上家に接触して地絡が発生したような場合に保安器が動作（放電管が放電）して保護を図ることができるように構成されていた。   In the conventional protector, when the AC voltage supplied from the substation to the feeder is 22000 volts, the discharge voltage of the discharge tube built in the protector is about one tenth of the AC voltage supplied to the feeder. Is set to about 2500 volts. As a result, in a ground fault protection system using a conventional protector, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the protector operates (discharges) when a ground fault occurs when the feeder contacts the home of the home. The tube was discharged) to protect it.

これに対し、本実施例の地絡保護装置３５を構成する放電管５３は、変電所からき電線へ供給される交流電圧が２２０００ボルトの場合であっても、放電電圧が２００〜３００ボルト程度となるように設定されている。より詳しく説明すると、本発明者らが行なった検討では、図５のような箇所（変電所近傍）で地絡が発生した場合に想定される地絡抵抗は４５６Ωで、地絡電流としてはおよそ４７Ａが想定された。そこで、放電管５３の放電電圧を例えば２００〜３００ボルトに設定することとした。これにより、レール・大地間の電位上昇が数百Ｖである高抵抗地絡が発生した場合に、地絡保護装置が動作して保護を図ることができる。なお、上記放電電圧の２００〜３００ボルトは、従来の保安器の放電管の放電電圧の１０分の１程度である。   On the other hand, the discharge tube 53 constituting the ground fault protection device 35 of the present embodiment has a discharge voltage of about 200 to 300 volts even when the AC voltage supplied from the substation to the feeder is 22000 volts. It is set to be. More specifically, in the study conducted by the present inventors, the ground fault resistance assumed when a ground fault occurs at a location as shown in FIG. 5 (near the substation) is 456Ω, and the ground fault current is approximately 47A was assumed. Therefore, the discharge voltage of the discharge tube 53 is set to 200 to 300 volts, for example. As a result, when a high resistance ground fault with a potential increase of several hundred volts between the rail and the ground occurs, the ground fault protection device operates and can be protected. In addition, 200-300 volts of the said discharge voltage is about 1/10 of the discharge voltage of the discharge tube of the conventional protector.

地絡保護装置３５を構成する電磁リレー５７は、動作検出回路５６からの信号によってオン、オフされる接点を有しており、接点がオンされると生成される信号は、交流変電所１０の制御部１４へ送出され、遮断器１２を動作させる。これにより、交流変電所１０からき電線３１への交流電流の送出が停止され、地絡電流が流れなくなる。   The electromagnetic relay 57 that constitutes the ground fault protection device 35 has a contact that is turned on and off by a signal from the operation detection circuit 56, and the signal that is generated when the contact is turned on is generated by the AC substation 10. The breaker 12 is operated by being sent to the control unit 14. Thereby, sending of the alternating current from the AC substation 10 to the feeder 31 is stopped, and the ground fault current does not flow.

上記のように、本実施例の地絡保護システムにおいては、交流変電所の近傍でのき電線の断線による地絡のようなレール・大地間の電位上昇が数百Ｖである高抵抗地絡が発生した場合に、地絡保護装置が動作して地絡電流を流して断線箇所で地絡電流が流れるのを回避するとともに、地絡発生を交流変電所へ知らせて、交流変電所側において遮断器を動作させて地絡電流を遮断することができる。   As described above, in the ground fault protection system of this embodiment, a high resistance ground fault in which the potential rise between the rail and the ground is several hundred volts, such as a ground fault due to the disconnection of the feeder in the vicinity of the AC substation. In the event of a fault, the ground fault protection device operates to prevent the ground fault current from flowing through the ground fault current and to notify the AC substation of the occurrence of the ground fault. The circuit breaker can be operated to cut off the ground fault current.

次に、上記実施例の地絡保護装置３５の変形例について説明する。
第１の変形例は、図３（Ａ）に示すように、放電管５３と並例に、放電管５３と放電電圧がほぼ同一であるバックアップ用の放電管５３ｂを設けるとともに、該放電管５３ｂと直列に電流検知器（カレントトランス）５５ｂを設けたものである。放電管５３ｂの一方の端子を放電管５３と電流検知器５５との接続ノードに接続して、電流検知器５５ｂを省略するようにしても良い。 Next, a modification of the ground fault protection device 35 of the above embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the first modification is provided with a backup discharge tube 53b having a discharge voltage substantially the same as that of the discharge tube 53 in parallel with the discharge tube 53, and the discharge tube 53b. Is provided with a current detector (current transformer) 55b in series. One terminal of the discharge tube 53b may be connected to a connection node between the discharge tube 53 and the current detector 55, and the current detector 55b may be omitted.

上記のように、地絡保護装置３５に、放電管５３と並列形態のバックアップ用の放電管５３ｂを設けることによって、放電管５３に地絡電流が流れて素子が破損した場合に、破損に気が付かずにシステムを立ち上げてしまい再度地絡が発生したとしても、バックアップ用の放電管５３ｂが動作することで地絡電流が流れ続けてしまうのを回避することができる。放電管５３ｂの放電電圧は放電管５３の放電電圧よりも若干高く設定しても良い。   As described above, by providing the backup discharge tube 53b in parallel with the discharge tube 53 in the ground fault protection device 35, when a ground fault current flows through the discharge tube 53 and the element is damaged, the failure is noticed. Even if the system is started up and a ground fault occurs again, it can be avoided that the ground fault current continues to flow due to the operation of the backup discharge tube 53b. The discharge voltage of the discharge tube 53b may be set slightly higher than the discharge voltage of the discharge tube 53.

第２の変形例は、図３（Ｂ）に示すように、コイルＭ２−抵抗Ｒ１と並列に保護用の放電管５３ｐを設けるようにしたものである。また、保護用の放電管５３ｐと並列に、直列形態の抵抗Ｒ２およびコンデンサＣ２が接続されている。放電管５３ｐを設けることによって、想定よりも大きな地絡電流が流れた際に放電管５３ｐに電流が流れることで側路開閉器５４のコイルＭ２を保護することができる。   In the second modification, as shown in FIG. 3B, a protective discharge tube 53p is provided in parallel with the coil M2-resistor R1. A series resistor R2 and capacitor C2 are connected in parallel with the protective discharge tube 53p. By providing the discharge tube 53p, it is possible to protect the coil M2 of the bypass switch 54 by causing a current to flow through the discharge tube 53p when a larger ground fault current flows than expected.

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限られるものではない。例えば、上記実施形態では、地絡保護装置３５が、動作検出回路５６によって放電管５３が動作したことを検出すると電磁リレー５７を動作させて電流信号として変電所へ検出信号を送出するように構成されているが、放電管５３が動作したことを知らせる検出信号を無線で送信するように構成してもよい。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, when the ground fault protection device 35 detects that the discharge tube 53 is operated by the operation detection circuit 56, the electromagnetic relay 57 is operated and a detection signal is sent as a current signal to the substation. However, a detection signal notifying that the discharge tube 53 has been operated may be transmitted wirelessly.

また、上記実施形態では、変圧器１１とき電線３１との間に遮断器１２が接続されたものを示したが、遮断器１２は変圧器１１と帰線電線３２との間に接続されていてもよい。
さらに、上記実施形態では、本発明を交流変電所における地絡保護システムに適用した場合について説明したが、本発明は直流変電所における地絡保護システムにも利用することができる。 In the above embodiment, the circuit breaker 12 is connected between the transformer 11 and the electric wire 31, but the circuit breaker 12 is connected between the transformer 11 and the return wire 32. Also good.
Furthermore, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where this invention was applied to the ground fault protection system in an AC substation, this invention can be utilized also for the ground fault protection system in a DC substation.

１０ 交流変電所
１１ 変圧器
１２ 遮断器
１３ 過電流継電器
１４ 制御部
２０ 充電ステーション（折返し駅）
３１ き電線
３２ 帰線電線
３２ａ 吸上線
３３ レール
３４ インピーダンスボンド
３５ 地絡保護装置
３６ 電化柱
３７ 電車線
５３ 放電管
５４ 側路開閉器
５５ 地絡電流検知器
５６ 動作検出回路
５７ 電磁リレー（信号送出手段） 10 AC substation 11 Transformer 12 Breaker 13 Overcurrent relay 14 Control unit 20 Charging station (turnback station)
31 Electrical Wire 32 Return Wire 32a Suction Line 33 Rail 34 Impedance Bond 35 Ground Fault Protection Device 36 Electricity Pillar 37 Train Line 53 Discharge Tube 54 Side Switch 55 Ground Fault Current Detector 56 Motion Detection Circuit 57 Electromagnetic Relay (Signal Transmission) means)

Claims (5)

変圧器を備えた変電所からのき電線および帰線電線が敷設され、前記帰線電線の途中にインピーダンスボンドが接続されている電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システムであって、
前記変電所には、前記変圧器と前記き電線または前記帰線電線との間に接続された遮断器が設けられ、
前記インピーダンスボンドと大地との間には、所定値以上の電圧が印加された際に放電する放電手段および該放電手段が動作したことを検出可能な動作検出手段を有する地絡保護装置が設けられ、
前記地絡保護装置は、前記動作検出手段が前記放電手段の動作を検出したことに応じて検出信号を生成し前記変電所へ検出信号を出力する信号送出手段を備え、
前記変電所が前記検出信号を受信すると前記遮断器が遮断されるように構成されていることを特徴とする電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システム。 A ground fault protection system in a substation for railway lines in which feeders and return wires from a substation equipped with a transformer are laid, and an impedance bond is connected in the middle of the return wires,
The substation is provided with a circuit breaker connected between the transformer and the feeder or return wire,
Between the impedance bond and the ground, there is provided a ground fault protection device having a discharging means for discharging when a voltage of a predetermined value or more is applied, and an operation detecting means capable of detecting the operation of the discharging means. ,
The ground fault protection device includes a signal transmission unit that generates a detection signal in response to the operation detection unit detecting the operation of the discharge unit and outputs the detection signal to the substation,
A ground fault protection system for a railway substation, wherein the circuit breaker is cut off when the substation receives the detection signal. 前記変電所には、過電流継電器および該過電流継電器からの信号および前記検出信号に基いて前記遮断器を制御する制御手段が設けられ、
前記変電所が前記検出信号を受信すると前記制御手段によって前記遮断器が遮断されるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システム。 The substation is provided with a control means for controlling the circuit breaker based on an overcurrent relay and a signal from the overcurrent relay and the detection signal,
2. The ground fault protection system according to claim 1, wherein when the substation receives the detection signal, the control unit interrupts the circuit breaker. 変圧器を備えた変電所からのき電線および帰線電線が敷設されている電鉄路線用変電所における地絡保護システムを構成する地絡保護装置であって、
所定値以上の電圧が印加された際に放電する放電手段と、
前記放電手段が動作したことを検出可能な動作検出手段と、
前記動作検出手段が前記放電手段の動作を検出したことに応じて検出信号を生成し前記変電所へ検出信号を出力する信号送出手段と、
を備えていることを特徴とする地絡保護装置。 A ground fault protection device constituting a ground fault protection system in a substation for electric railway lines where feeders and return wires from a substation equipped with a transformer are laid,
Discharging means for discharging when a voltage of a predetermined value or more is applied;
Operation detecting means capable of detecting that the discharging means has been operated;
A signal sending means for generating a detection signal in response to the operation detecting means detecting the operation of the discharging means and outputting the detection signal to the substation;
A ground fault protection device comprising: 前記放電手段と並列に設けられたバックアップ用の放電手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の地絡保護装置。   4. The ground fault protection device according to claim 3, further comprising backup discharging means provided in parallel with the discharging means. 前記放電手段と直列に接続されたコイルと並列に設けられた保護用の放電手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項３または４に記載の地絡保護装置。   5. The ground fault protection device according to claim 3, further comprising a protective discharge unit provided in parallel with a coil connected in series with the discharge unit.
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JP2020093585A (en) * 2018-12-10 2020-06-18 東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 Ground fault current interrupting device
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