JP2018106079A - Dimming film - Google Patents

Dimming film Download PDF

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JP2018106079A
JP2018106079A JP2016254354A JP2016254354A JP2018106079A JP 2018106079 A JP2018106079 A JP 2018106079A JP 2016254354 A JP2016254354 A JP 2016254354A JP 2016254354 A JP2016254354 A JP 2016254354A JP 2018106079 A JP2018106079 A JP 2018106079A
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base material
film
liquid crystal
light control
control film
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JP7110547B2 (en
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久美子 神原
Kumiko Kanbara
久美子 神原
川島　朋也
Tomoya Kawashima
朋也 川島
誠 山木
Makoto Yamaki
誠 山木
真一朗 高野
Shinichiro Takano
真一朗 高野
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dimming film that less likely causes peeling by a temperature change when the film is stuck to an object for sticking.SOLUTION: A dimming film 1 includes a first laminate 5U having at least a film type transparent first substrate 15, a second laminate having at least a film type transparent second substrate 6, a liquid crystal 8a held between the first laminate 5U and the second laminate 5D, and transparent electrodes 11, 16 disposed on at least one of the first laminate 5U and the second laminate 5D, in which alignment of the liquid crystal 8a is controlled by driving the transparent electrodes 11, 16 to control transmitted light. In the dimming film, a slow axis of the first substrate 15 and a slow axis of the second substrate 6 are orthogonal to each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、例えば窓に貼り付けて外来光の透過を制御する電子ブラインド等に利用可能な調光フィルムに関する。   The present invention relates to a light control film that can be used for, for example, an electronic blind that is attached to a window to control the transmission of extraneous light.

従来、例えば窓に貼り付けて外来光の透過を制御する調光フィルムに関する工夫が種々に提案されている（特許文献１、２）。このような調光フィルムの１つに、液晶を利用したものがある。この液晶を利用した調光フィルムは、透明電極を作製した透明フィルム材により液晶材料を挟持する。そして、液晶に印加する電界を変えることにより液晶の配向を変更し、外来光の透過量を制御する。   Conventionally, for example, various devices relating to a light control film that is attached to a window to control the transmission of external light have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2). One such light control film uses liquid crystal. In the light control film using the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal material is sandwiched by the transparent film material on which the transparent electrode is produced. Then, the orientation of the liquid crystal is changed by changing the electric field applied to the liquid crystal, and the amount of transmitted extraneous light is controlled.

特開平０３−４７３９２号公報JP 03-47392 A 特開平０８−１８４２７３号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-184273

この種の調光フィルムは、ガラス等に貼着される。一般にフィルム部材の熱膨張係数は、ガラス等の熱膨張係数に比べて大きい。このため、温度変化が大きいと、調光フィルムとガラスとの間で熱膨張係数の差によって剥がれが生じる場合がある。
本発明はこのような状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、被貼着物に貼着された際に、温度変化による剥離が生じにくい調光フィルムを提供することを目的とする。 This type of light control film is attached to glass or the like. Generally, the thermal expansion coefficient of a film member is larger than that of glass or the like. For this reason, when the temperature change is large, peeling may occur due to a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the light control film and the glass.
This invention is made | formed in view of such a condition, and it aims at providing the light control film which is hard to produce peeling by a temperature change, when it adheres to a to-be-adhered thing.

具体的には、本発明では、以下のようなものを提供する。   Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

（１） フィルム状の透明な第１基材を少なくとも有する第１積層体と、フィルム状の透明な第２基材を少なくとも有する第２積層体と、前記第１積層体と前記第２積層体との間に挟持された液晶と、前記第１積層体及び前記第２積層体の少なくとも一方に設けられた透明電極と、を備え、前記透明電極の駆動により前記液晶の配向を制御して透過光を制御する調光フィルムにおいて、前記第１基材と遅相軸と前記第２基材の遅相軸とが直交する調光フィルム。 (1) A first laminate having at least a film-like transparent first substrate, a second laminate having at least a film-like transparent second substrate, the first laminate, and the second laminate. And a transparent electrode provided on at least one of the first stacked body and the second stacked body, and controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal by driving the transparent electrode to transmit the liquid crystal The light control film which controls light, The light control film with which the said 1st base material, a slow axis, and the slow axis of a said 2nd base material orthogonally cross.

（２） （１）において、前記第１基材及び前記第２基材の熱膨張係数が７．０×１０−５／℃以下である。 (2) In (1), the first base material and the second base material have a thermal expansion coefficient of 7.0 × 10 −5 / ° C. or less.

（３） （１）または（２）において、前記第１基材及び前記第２基材が、ポリカーボネートフィルム、ＣＯＰフィルムの何れかである。 (3) In (1) or (2), the first substrate and the second substrate are either a polycarbonate film or a COP film.

（４） （１）から（３）のいずれかにおいて、前記液晶に、二色性色素が混合されていてもよい。 (4) In any one of (1) to (3), a dichroic dye may be mixed in the liquid crystal.

本発明によれば、被貼着物に貼着された際に、温度変化による剥離が生じにくい調光フィルムを提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when sticking to a to-be-adhered thing, the light control film which cannot peel easily by temperature change can be provided.

実施形態の調光フィルムを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the light control film of embodiment. 実施形態の調光フィルムにおける第１基材、第２基材の配置を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining arrangement of the 1st substrate and the 2nd substrate in the light control film of an embodiment. 比較形態の調光フィルムにおける第１基材、第２基材の配置を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining arrangement | positioning of the 1st base material in the light control film of a comparison form, and a 2nd base material. 実施形態の調光フィルムの製造工程を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the light control film of embodiment.

（調光フィルム）
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る調光フィルム１を示す断面図である。この調光フィルム１は、建築物の窓ガラス、ショーケース、屋内の透明パーテーション等の調光を図る部位に、粘着剤層等により貼り付けて使用され、印加電圧を変更することにより透過光の光量を制御する。 (Light control film)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a light control film 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This light control film 1 is used by being attached to a portion of a building that is to be dimmed, such as a window glass, a showcase, or an indoor transparent partition, with an adhesive layer or the like. Control the amount of light.

調光フィルム１は、液晶を利用して入射光の透過を制御する調光フィルム１であり、第２積層体５Ｄ及び第１積層体５Ｕにより液晶層８を挟持する液晶セル４により構成されている。   The light control film 1 is a light control film 1 that controls the transmission of incident light using liquid crystal, and includes a liquid crystal cell 4 that sandwiches the liquid crystal layer 8 between the second stacked body 5D and the first stacked body 5U. Yes.

調光フィルム１には、液晶層８の厚みを一定に保持するためのスペーサ１２が第１積層体５Ｕ及び又は第２積層体５Ｄに設けられている。第１積層体５Ｕは、第１基材１５に第１透明電極１６、第１配向層１７を順次作成して形成される。第２積層体５Ｄは、第２基材６に第２透明電極１１、第２配向層１３を順次作成して形成される。
なお、ＩＰＳ方式による場合、第１透明電極１６、第２透明電極１１は、第１配向層１７又は第２配向層１３側に纏めて製造される。 In the light control film 1, a spacer 12 for keeping the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 8 constant is provided in the first stacked body 5U and / or the second stacked body 5D. The first stacked body 5U is formed by sequentially forming the first transparent electrode 16 and the first alignment layer 17 on the first base material 15. The second stacked body 5D is formed by sequentially forming the second transparent electrode 11 and the second alignment layer 13 on the second substrate 6.
In the case of the IPS method, the first transparent electrode 16 and the second transparent electrode 11 are manufactured together on the first alignment layer 17 or the second alignment layer 13 side.

調光フィルム１は、第１透明電極１６、第２透明電極１１との間の電位差を変化させることにより外来光の透過を制御し、透明状態と非透明状態とで状態を切り替えるように構成される。   The light control film 1 is configured to control the transmission of extraneous light by changing the potential difference between the first transparent electrode 16 and the second transparent electrode 11, and to switch the state between a transparent state and a non-transparent state. The

（基材）
第１基材１５、第２基材６は、液晶セル４に適用可能な可撓性を有するＴＡＣ、ポリカーボネート、ＣＯＰ、アクリル、ＰＥＴなど各種の透明フィルム材を適用することがでる。本実施形態では、両面にハードコート層が作製されたポリカーボネート製のフィルム材を用いる。上下基板の遅相軸については後述する。
なお、本実施形態では遅相軸を例にして説明するが、複屈折の「主軸」であればよく、進相軸でも同様である。遅相軸とは、屈折率異方性を有する材料における屈折率が最大となる方向を向いた軸である。 (Base material)
Various transparent film materials such as TAC, polycarbonate, COP, acrylic, and PET having flexibility applicable to the liquid crystal cell 4 can be applied to the first base material 15 and the second base material 6. In the present embodiment, a polycarbonate film material having hard coat layers on both sides is used. The slow axis of the upper and lower substrates will be described later.
In the present embodiment, the slow axis will be described as an example, but the “main axis” of birefringence may be used, and the same applies to the fast axis. The slow axis is an axis oriented in the direction in which the refractive index of a material having refractive index anisotropy is maximized.

（電極）
第１透明電極１６、第２透明電極１１は、液晶層８に電界を印加可能であって、透明と知覚される種々の構成を適用することができるが、本実施形態では、透明電極材であるＩＴＯ（Ｉｎｄｉｕｍ Ｔｉｎ Ｏｘｉｄｅ）による透明導電膜を第１基材１５、第２基材６の全面に製造して形成される。上述したように、ＩＰＳ方式等においては、電極は所望の形状によりパターンニングされて製造される。 (electrode)
The first transparent electrode 16 and the second transparent electrode 11 can apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer 8 and can be applied with various configurations that are perceived as transparent. A transparent conductive film made of certain ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is manufactured and formed on the entire surface of the first base material 15 and the second base material 6. As described above, in the IPS method or the like, the electrode is manufactured by being patterned in a desired shape.

（配向層）
第１配向層１７、第２配向層１３は、ラビング処理により製造される。この場合、第１配向層１７、第２配向層１３は、ポリイミド等の配向層に適用可能な各種材料層を製造した後、この材料層の表面にラビングロールを使用したラビング処理により微細なライン状凹凸形状を製造して形成される。第１配向層１７、第２配向層１３は、ポリイミド樹脂層の他にアクリル、ポリエステル樹脂層であってもよい。 (Orientation layer)
The first alignment layer 17 and the second alignment layer 13 are manufactured by a rubbing process. In this case, after the first alignment layer 17 and the second alignment layer 13 are manufactured by manufacturing various material layers applicable to the alignment layer such as polyimide, fine lines are formed by rubbing treatment using a rubbing roll on the surface of the material layer. It is formed by manufacturing a concavo-convex shape. The first alignment layer 17 and the second alignment layer 13 may be acrylic or polyester resin layers in addition to the polyimide resin layer.

このようなラビング処理による配向層に代えて、ラビング処理により製造した微細なライン状凹凸形状を賦型処理により製造して配向層を製造してもよい。
また、第１配向層１７、第２配向層１３は、光配向層により形成してもよい。光配向層に適用可能な光配向材料は、光配向の手法を適用可能な各種の材料を広く適用することができるが、本実施形態では、例えば光二量化型の材料を使用する。この光二量化型の材料については、「Ｍ．Ｓｃｈａｄｔ， Ｋ．Ｓｃｈｍｉｔｔ， Ｖ． Ｋｏｚｉｎｋｏｖ ａｎｄ Ｖ． Ｃｈｉｇｒｉｎｏｖ ： Ｊｐｎ． Ｊ． Ａｐｐｌ．Ｐｈｙｓ．， ３１， ２１５５ （１９９２）」、「Ｍ． Ｓｃｈａｄｔ， Ｈ． Ｓｅｉｂｅｒｌｅ ａｎｄ Ａ． Ｓｃｈｕｓｔｅｒ ： Ｎａｔｕｒｅ， ３８１， ２１２（１９９６）」等に開示されている。 Instead of the alignment layer formed by the rubbing process, the alignment layer may be manufactured by manufacturing a fine line-shaped uneven shape manufactured by the rubbing process by a shaping process.
Further, the first alignment layer 17 and the second alignment layer 13 may be formed of a photo-alignment layer. As the photo-alignment material applicable to the photo-alignment layer, various materials to which the photo-alignment technique can be applied can be widely applied. In this embodiment, for example, a photodimerization type material is used. The photodimerization type material is described in “M. Schadt, K. Schmitt, V. Kozinkov and V. Chigrinov: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 31, 2155 (1992)”, “M. Seiberle and A. Schuster: Nature, 381, 212 (1996).

（スペーサ）
スペーサ１２は、液晶層８の厚みを規定するために設けられ、各種の樹脂材料を広く適用することができるが、本実施形態ではフォトレジストにより製造される。スペーサ１２は、第２透明電極１１を製造した基材６の上に、フォトレジストを塗工して露光、現像することにより製造される。
なお、スペーサ１２は、第１積層体５Ｕに設けるようにしてもよく、第１積層体５Ｕ及び第２積層体５Ｄの双方に設けるようにしてもよい。またスペーサ１２は、第２配向層１３の上に設けるようにしてもよい。さらに、スペーサは、いわゆるビーズスペーサを適用してもよい。 (Spacer)
The spacer 12 is provided to define the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 8 and various resin materials can be widely applied. In the present embodiment, the spacer 12 is manufactured by a photoresist. The spacer 12 is manufactured by applying a photoresist on the base material 6 on which the second transparent electrode 11 is manufactured, and exposing and developing.
The spacer 12 may be provided in the first stacked body 5U, or may be provided in both the first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D. The spacer 12 may be provided on the second alignment layer 13. Further, a so-called bead spacer may be applied as the spacer.

（液晶層）
液晶層８は、この種の調光フィルムに適用可能な各種の液晶材料を広く適用することができる。本実施形態では、液晶層８は、二色性色素が混合されたゲストホスト方式の液晶８ａである。ゲストホスト方式の液晶層８は、液晶分子の移動に伴い、二色性色素を移動させることで、光の透遮を制御することができる。
ホストとして、ＴＮ液晶（ｔｗｉｓｔｅｄ Ｎｅｍａｔｉｃ ｌｉｑｕｉｄ ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ）用い、二色性色素をゲストとした場合、調光フィルムは、電圧が印加されていないときは液晶分子及び二色性色素が水平に並び、光をさえぎって画面が「黒」になる、いわゆるノーマリブラック型である。徐々に電圧を印加していくと、液晶分子が垂直に立ち上がるとともに二色性色素も立ち上がり、光が透過する。 (Liquid crystal layer)
Various liquid crystal materials applicable to this type of light control film can be widely applied to the liquid crystal layer 8. In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 8 is a guest-host type liquid crystal 8a mixed with a dichroic dye. The guest-host type liquid crystal layer 8 can control the light transmission / reception by moving the dichroic dye as the liquid crystal molecules move.
When a TN liquid crystal (twisted liquid crystal) is used as a host and a dichroic dye is used as a guest, the light control film aligns liquid crystal molecules and dichroic dyes horizontally when no voltage is applied. It is a so-called normally black type that blocks the screen and becomes “black”. When a voltage is gradually applied, the liquid crystal molecules rise vertically and the dichroic dye rises, and light is transmitted.

ただし、これに限らず、ゲストホスト方式に用いられる液晶材料と色素としては、ゲストホスト方式について提案されている液晶材料と色素との混合物を広く適用することができる。   However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as a liquid crystal material and a dye used for the guest-host method, a mixture of a liquid crystal material and a dye proposed for the guest-host method can be widely applied.

さらに、ゲストホスト方式に限らず、液晶層８の駆動に、ＶＡ（Ｖｉｒｔｉｃａｌ Ａｌｉｇｎｍｅｎｔ）方式を用いてもよい。ＶＡ方式は、液晶の配向を垂直配向と水平配向とで変化させて透過光を制御する方式であり、無電界時、液晶を垂直配向させることにより、液晶層８を垂直配向層により挟持して液晶セル４が構成され、電界の印加により液晶材料を水平配向させるように構成される。ＶＡ方式の場合、一般に電圧が印加されていないときに画面が「黒」になる、いわゆるノーマリブラック型である。   Further, not only the guest-host method but also a VA (Virtual Alignment) method may be used for driving the liquid crystal layer 8. The VA method is a method of controlling transmitted light by changing the alignment of liquid crystal between vertical alignment and horizontal alignment. When no electric field is applied, the liquid crystal layer 8 is sandwiched between the vertical alignment layers by vertically aligning the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal cell 4 is configured and configured to horizontally align the liquid crystal material by applying an electric field. The VA system is a so-called normally black type in which the screen is generally “black” when no voltage is applied.

また、ＩＰＳ（Ｉｎ−Ｐｌａｎｅ−Ｓｗｉｔｃｈｉｎｇ）方式を用いてもよい。ＩＰＳ方式は、液晶層を挟持する１対の基材のうちの一方の基材に駆動用の電極をまとめて作製して、この電極により基材表面の面内方向の電界であるいわゆる横電界を形成して液晶の配向を制御する駆動方式である。   Further, an IPS (In-Plane-Switching) method may be used. In the IPS system, a driving electrode is collectively produced on one of a pair of substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer, and a so-called transverse electric field which is an electric field in the in-plane direction of the substrate surface is formed by this electrode. This is a driving method for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal by forming the.

液晶層８を囲むように、枠状にシール材１９が配置されている。シール材１９は第１積層体５Ｕと第２積層体５Ｄとに固定され、このシール材１９により液晶の漏出が防止されている。ここでシール材１９は、例えばエポキシ樹脂、紫外線硬化性樹脂等を適用することができる。   A sealing material 19 is arranged in a frame shape so as to surround the liquid crystal layer 8. The sealing material 19 is fixed to the first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D, and the leakage of liquid crystal is prevented by the sealing material 19. Here, for example, an epoxy resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or the like can be applied to the sealing material 19.

（基材の配置）
図２は、調光フィルム１における第１基材１５、第２基材６の配置を説明する図である。調光フィルム１は、同一の材料、厚みによる透明フィルム材が第１基材１５、第２基材６に用いられて、遅相軸Ｌ１が直交するように第１基材１５、第２基材６が配置される。 (Substrate arrangement)
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the arrangement of the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 in the light control film 1. The light control film 1 uses the same material and transparent film material having the same thickness as the first substrate 15 and the second substrate 6, and the first substrate 15 and the second substrate so that the slow axis L1 is orthogonal. A material 6 is arranged.

第１基材１５、第２基材６との遅相軸Ｌ１を直交させる理由は以下の通りである。
本実施形態で用いる第１基材１５や第２基材６のようなフィルム部材は、一般に延伸工程を経て製造される。そして、フィルム部材は、延伸されると、その延伸方向の熱膨張係数が小さくなり、遅相軸は延伸方向を向く。 The reason why the slow axis L1 between the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 is orthogonal is as follows.
Film members such as the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 used in the present embodiment are generally manufactured through a stretching process. And if a film member is extended | stretched, the thermal expansion coefficient of the extending direction will become small, and a slow axis will face the extending | stretching direction.

図３は比較形態の調光フィルム１’における第２基材６’、第１基材１５’の配置を説明する図である。比較形態では液晶層８を挟んで上下に配置された第２基材６と第１基材１５との遅相軸方向が平行である。このように第２基材６と第１基材１５との遅相軸方向を平行にすると、温度の上下に伴い、同じ方向に同様に伸縮する。   FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the second base material 6 ′ and the first base material 15 ′ in the light control film 1 ′ of the comparative form. In the comparative form, the slow axis directions of the second base material 6 and the first base material 15 arranged above and below the liquid crystal layer 8 are parallel. Thus, when the slow axis direction of the 2nd base material 6 and the 1st base material 15 is made parallel, it expands-contracts in the same direction similarly with the upper and lower sides of temperature.

そうすると、例えばガラス等の熱膨張係数が小さい被貼着部材に貼着された場合、熱膨張係数の大きい方向において調光フィルム１は伸縮が大きいので、ガラスと調光フィルム１との間で伸縮率の差によって剥離が生じる場合がある。   Then, for example, when pasted on a member to be adhered having a small thermal expansion coefficient, such as glass, the light control film 1 has a large expansion and contraction in the direction of a large thermal expansion coefficient, so that it expands and contracts between the glass and the light control film 1. Separation may occur due to the difference in rate.

これに対して本実施形態の場合、遅相軸Ｌ１が直交するように第１基材１５、第２基材６が配置されている。そうすると、第１基材１５は、第２基材６が伸縮する方向に伸縮しにくく、第２基材６が伸縮しようとしても、第１基材１５により規制されて、調光フィルム１における第２基材６の遅相軸の方向の伸縮が抑えられる。また、第２基材６は、第１基材１５が伸縮する方向に伸縮しにくく、第１基材１５が伸縮しようとしても、第２基材６により規制されて、調光フィルム１における第１基材１５の遅相軸方向の伸縮が抑えられる。   On the other hand, in the case of this embodiment, the 1st base material 15 and the 2nd base material 6 are arranged so that slow axis L1 may intersect perpendicularly. Then, the first base material 15 is difficult to expand and contract in the direction in which the second base material 6 expands and contracts, and even if the second base material 6 tries to expand and contract, the first base material 15 is regulated by the first base material 15 and 2 Expansion and contraction in the direction of the slow axis of the substrate 6 is suppressed. Further, the second base material 6 is difficult to expand and contract in the direction in which the first base material 15 expands and contracts, and even if the first base material 15 tries to expand and contract, the second base material 6 is regulated by the second base material 6 and Expansion and contraction of the base material 15 in the slow axis direction is suppressed.

すなわち、調光フィルム１全体としての温度変化による伸縮が抑えられる。したがって、ガラス等のフィルム部材に対して熱膨張係数が小さい部材に貼着された場合における、剥がれが生じにくい。ゆえに、調光フィルム１とガラスとの間の剥離を抑制することができ、調光フィルム１の耐久性を向上することができる。   That is, expansion and contraction due to temperature change as the entire light control film 1 is suppressed. Therefore, peeling is less likely to occur when the film member such as glass is attached to a member having a small thermal expansion coefficient. Therefore, peeling between the light control film 1 and glass can be suppressed, and durability of the light control film 1 can be improved.

なお、この遅相軸Ｌ１の直交の範囲は、計測誤差、製造誤差等をも含めて２つの遅相軸Ｌ１の成す角度が９０度±２０度以内ではあるが、はがれを実用上充分に抑圧する観点からは、９０度±１０度以内であることが好ましく、さらには９０度±５度以内であることがより好ましい。   The orthogonal range of the slow axis L1 is such that the angle formed by the two slow axes L1 including the measurement error, the manufacturing error, etc. is within 90 ° ± 20 °. From this viewpoint, it is preferably within 90 ° ± 10 °, and more preferably within 90 ° ± 5 °.

また基材の厚みは、バラツキがあることにより、同一のフィルム材を第１基材１５、第２基材６に適用した場合、基材６の厚み±１０μｍが基材１５の厚みであるが、遮光時における透過率を実用上充分に抑圧する観点からは、基材６の厚み±１０μｍが基材１５の厚みであることが好ましく、さらには基材６の厚み±５μｍが基材１５の厚みであることがより好ましい。
また、本実施形態において、第１基材１５、第２基材６の熱膨張係数は、７．０×１０−５／℃以下が好ましい。熱膨張係数が大きいと、第１基材１５と第２基材６との間での剥離が生じる可能性があるからである。 Moreover, when the same film material is applied to the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 due to the variation in the thickness of the base material, the thickness ± 10 μm of the base material 6 is the thickness of the base material 15. From the viewpoint of sufficiently suppressing the transmittance at the time of light shielding, the thickness of the base 6 is preferably ± 10 μm, and the thickness of the base 6 is preferably ± 5 μm. More preferred is the thickness.
Moreover, in this embodiment, the thermal expansion coefficients of the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 are preferably 7.0 × 10 −5 / ° C. or less. This is because if the thermal expansion coefficient is large, peeling between the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 may occur.

（製造工程）
図４は、調光フィルムの製造工程を示すフローチャートである。この製造工程は、電極作製工程ＳＰ２おいて、フォトリソグラフィーの手法を適用して、第２基材６、第１基材１５の上に透明電極１１、１６をそれぞれ作成する。
さらに続いてスペーサ作製工程ＳＰ３において、基材６にフォトレジスト膜を作製した後、露光、現像処理し、これによりスペーサ１２を作製する。
続いて、配向層作製工程ＳＰ４において、スペーサ１２を作製した基材６の上に、また透明電極１６を作製した基材１５の上に、ポリイミド樹脂層の塗工液を塗工した後、乾燥、加熱処理し、これによりポリイミド膜を作製する。またこのポリイミド膜をラビング処理し、これにより配向層１３、１７を作製する。 (Manufacturing process)
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing process of the light control film. In the manufacturing process, transparent electrodes 11 and 16 are respectively formed on the second base material 6 and the first base material 15 by applying a photolithography technique in the electrode manufacturing process SP2.
Subsequently, in the spacer preparation step SP3, a photoresist film is prepared on the substrate 6, and then exposed and developed, whereby the spacer 12 is prepared.
Subsequently, in the alignment layer manufacturing step SP4, a polyimide resin layer coating solution is applied on the base material 6 on which the spacer 12 is manufactured and on the base material 15 on which the transparent electrode 16 is manufactured, and then dried. Then, heat treatment is carried out to produce a polyimide film. In addition, the polyimide film is rubbed to produce the alignment layers 13 and 17.

また続いてこの製造工程は、封止工程ＳＰ５において、配向層１３を作製した基材６に、ディスペンサーを使用して枠形状によりシール材を塗布した後、この枠形状により囲まれる所定位置に、ディスペンサーを使用して液晶層８に係る液晶材料を滴下する。
その後、この製造工程は、第１基材１５、第２基材６を積層した後、押圧して加熱し、これにより液晶層８を挟持するようにして、第１積層体５Ｕ及び第２積層体５Ｄをシール材１９により貼り合せて一体化し、調光フィルム１を作製する。このとき、第２基材６と第１基材１５の遅相軸とを直交させる。 Subsequently, in the sealing step SP5, the manufacturing process is performed by applying a sealing material in a frame shape using a dispenser to the base material 6 on which the alignment layer 13 is manufactured, and then in a predetermined position surrounded by the frame shape. The liquid crystal material related to the liquid crystal layer 8 is dropped using a dispenser.
Thereafter, in this manufacturing process, after the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 are laminated, the first laminated body 5U and the second laminated body are pressed so that the liquid crystal layer 8 is sandwiched by pressing and heating. The body 5 </ b> D is bonded and integrated by the sealing material 19 to produce the light control film 1. At this time, the second substrate 6 and the slow axis of the first substrate 15 are orthogonal to each other.

（実施例１）
両面にハードコート層が作製されたポリカーボネートによるフィルム材を基材として用い、第１基材１５、第２基材６の遅相軸Ｌ１が直交するように調光フィルム１を作製した。第１基材１５、第２基材６の熱膨張係数は７．０×１０−５／℃以下である。
そしてその調光フィルム１を、ガラス板に貼着し、−４０℃と８０℃との間で冷却加熱するヒートサイクル試験を行った。ヒートサイクルの回数は３０回である。
その結果、調光フィルム１において、調光フィルム１とガラス板との端部において剥離が生じないことを確認した。 Example 1
The light control film 1 was produced so that the slow axis L1 of the 1st base material 15 and the 2nd base material 6 might intersect orthogonally using the film material by the polycarbonate with which the hard-coat layer was produced on both surfaces as a base material. The thermal expansion coefficients of the first base material 15 and the second base material 6 are 7.0 × 10 −5 / ° C. or less.
And the light control film 1 was stuck on the glass plate, and the heat cycle test which cools and heats between -40 degreeC and 80 degreeC was done. The number of heat cycles is 30.
As a result, in the light control film 1, it confirmed that peeling did not arise in the edge part of the light control film 1 and a glass plate.

（比較例）
図３は比較例の調光フィルム１’における第２基材６’、第１基材１５’の配置を説明する図である。
実施例と同様に両面にハードコート層が作製されてなるポリカーボネートによるフィルム材を基材として用い、第２基材６’、第１基材１５’の遅相軸Ｌ１が直交するように調光フィルム１’を作製した。第２基材６’、第１基材１５’の熱膨張係数は、比較例においても７．０×１０−５／℃以下である。
そしてその調光フィルム１’を、実施例と同様に、−４０℃と８０℃との間で冷却加熱するヒートサイクル試験を行った。ヒートサイクルの回数は３０回である。
その結果、調光フィルム１’において、調光フィルム１’とガラス板との端部において剥離が確認された。 (Comparative example)
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the second base material 6 ′ and the first base material 15 ′ in the light control film 1 ′ of the comparative example.
As in the example, a polycarbonate film material having hard coat layers formed on both sides is used as a base material, and light control is performed so that the slow axes L1 of the second base material 6 ′ and the first base material 15 ′ are orthogonal to each other. Film 1 ′ was produced. The thermal expansion coefficients of the second substrate 6 ′ and the first substrate 15 ′ are 7.0 × 10 −5 / ° C. or less in the comparative example.
And the heat cycle test which cools and heats the light control film 1 'between -40 degreeC and 80 degreeC similarly to the Example was done. The number of heat cycles is 30.
As a result, in light control film 1 ', peeling was confirmed in the edge part of light control film 1' and a glass plate.

以上、本実施形態によると、遅相軸Ｌ１が直交するように第１基材１５、第２基材６が配置されている。これにより調光フィルム１全体としての温度変化による伸縮が抑えられ、ガラス等のフィルム部材に対して熱膨張係数が小さい部材に貼着された場合における、剥がれが生じにくい。ゆえに、調光フィルム１とガラスとの間の剥離を抑制することができ、調光フィルム１の耐久性を向上することができる。
特に、本実施形態で液晶層８は、ゲストホスト方式の液晶層８である。ゲストホスト方式は、偏光板が不要である。偏光板は、熱収縮が非常に大きい。
本実施形態によると、ゲストホスト方式により偏光板を使用しないので、全体の熱的なゆがみが格段に抑えられ、シール材１９の決壊を抑えることができる。
そして、調光フィルム１とガラスとの間の貼り合せ部材との間に熱収縮の大きい偏光板が入らないので、基材と偏光板との間、偏光板とガラスとの間での剥がれといった問題が生じない。 As mentioned above, according to this embodiment, the 1st substrate 15 and the 2nd substrate 6 are arranged so that slow axis L1 may intersect perpendicularly. Thereby, the expansion-contraction by the temperature change as the light control film 1 whole is suppressed, and when it sticks to the member with a small thermal expansion coefficient with respect to film members, such as glass, it is hard to produce peeling. Therefore, peeling between the light control film 1 and glass can be suppressed, and durability of the light control film 1 can be improved.
In particular, the liquid crystal layer 8 in this embodiment is a guest-host type liquid crystal layer 8. The guest host method does not require a polarizing plate. The polarizing plate has a very large thermal shrinkage.
According to the present embodiment, since the polarizing plate is not used by the guest-host method, the overall thermal distortion is remarkably suppressed, and the sealing material 19 can be prevented from being broken.
And since a polarizing plate with a large thermal contraction does not enter between the light-adjusting film 1 and the bonding member between the glass, peeling between the substrate and the polarizing plate, between the polarizing plate and the glass, etc. There is no problem.

（他の実施形態）
以上、本発明の実施に好適な具体的な構成を詳述したが、本発明は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、上述の実施形態を種々に変更することができる。 (Other embodiments)
As mentioned above, although the specific structure suitable for implementation of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.

すなわち上述の実施形態では、ＴＮ方式により液晶材料を駆動する場合について述べたが、本発明はこれに限らず、ＶＡ方式、ＩＰＳ方式により駆動する場合にも広く適用することができる。   That is, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the liquid crystal material is driven by the TN method has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be widely applied to the case where the liquid crystal material is driven by the VA method and the IPS method.

また上述の実施形態では、フォトレジストによりスペーサを作製する場合について述べたが、本発明はこれに限らず、いわゆるビーズスペーサを適用するようにしてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the case where the spacer is manufactured using the photoresist has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a so-called bead spacer may be applied.

１ 調光フィルム
４ 液晶セル
５Ｄ 第２積層体
５Ｕ 第１積層体
６ 第２基材
８ 液晶層
１１ 第２透明電極
１２ スペーサ
１３ 第２配向層
１５ 第１基材
１６ 第１透明電極
１７ 第１配向層
１９ シール材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light control film 4 Liquid crystal cell 5D 2nd laminated body 5U 1st laminated body 6 2nd base material 8 Liquid crystal layer 11 2nd transparent electrode 12 Spacer 13 2nd orientation layer 15 1st base material 16 1st transparent electrode 17 1st Alignment layer 19 Sealing material

Claims (4)

フィルム状の透明な第１基材を少なくとも有する第１積層体と、
フィルム状の透明な第２基材を少なくとも有する第２積層体と、
前記第１積層体と前記第２積層体との間に挟持された液晶と、
前記第１積層体及び前記第２積層体の少なくとも一方に設けられた透明電極と、を備え、
前記透明電極の駆動により前記液晶の配向を制御して透過光を制御する調光フィルムにおいて、
前記第１基材と遅相軸と前記第２基材の遅相軸とが直交する調光フィルム。 A first laminate having at least a film-like transparent first substrate;
A second laminate having at least a film-like transparent second substrate;
A liquid crystal sandwiched between the first laminate and the second laminate;
A transparent electrode provided on at least one of the first laminate and the second laminate,
In a light control film for controlling transmitted light by controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal by driving the transparent electrode,
A light control film in which the first substrate, the slow axis, and the slow axis of the second substrate are orthogonal to each other. 前記第１基材及び前記第２基材の熱膨張係数が７．０×１０−５／℃以下である透明フィルム基材を用いた請求項１に記載の調光フィルム。 The light control film of Claim 1 using the transparent film base material whose thermal expansion coefficient of a said 1st base material and a said 2nd base material is 7.0x10 < -5 > / degrees C or less. 前記第１基材及び前記第２基材が、
ポリカーボネートフィルム、ＣＯＰフィルムの何れかである請求項１又は請求項２に記載の調光フィルム。 The first base material and the second base material are:
The light control film according to claim 1, wherein the light control film is a polycarbonate film or a COP film. 前記液晶に、二色性色素が混合されている、
請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の調光フィルム。 A dichroic dye is mixed in the liquid crystal,
The light control film of any one of Claim 1 to 3.
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