JP2018098122A - Discharge failure suppression method for graphite electrode in plasma heating device - Google Patents

Discharge failure suppression method for graphite electrode in plasma heating device Download PDF

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JP2018098122A
JP2018098122A JP2016244175A JP2016244175A JP2018098122A JP 2018098122 A JP2018098122 A JP 2018098122A JP 2016244175 A JP2016244175 A JP 2016244175A JP 2016244175 A JP2016244175 A JP 2016244175A JP 2018098122 A JP2018098122 A JP 2018098122A
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tundish
electrode
graphite electrode
plasma heating
molten steel
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JP6760036B2 (en
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真士 飯田
Shinji Iida
真士 飯田
亮 西岡
Akira Nishioka
亮 西岡
顕 津山
Akira Tsuyama
顕 津山
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve stable ignition onto molten steel in a tundish at continuous casting of steel when a graphite electrode is used for an electrode of a plasma heating device.SOLUTION: When molten steel passing through the inside of a tundish is heated by a plasma heating device using a graphite electrode 11, a power value in igniting onto molten steel 7 in the tundish 6 should be less than 1.6 MW.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

本発明は、例えば、プラズマ加熱装置を用いてタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼を加熱する際の黒鉛電極の異常放電を抑制して、安定的な着火を可能にする方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for enabling stable ignition by suppressing abnormal discharge of a graphite electrode when, for example, a molten steel passing through a tundish is heated using a plasma heating apparatus.

鋼の連続鋳造時にタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼の温度が低下した場合、溶鋼温度の低下に伴い鋳型内のメニスカス近傍で溶鋼表面が凝固し（ディッケル生成）、最終製品にラミネーション欠陥（二枚割れ）が発生する場合がある。また、操業トラブルが発生する可能性もある。   If the temperature of the molten steel that passes through the tundish decreases during continuous casting of steel, the molten steel surface solidifies near the meniscus in the mold (dickel formation) as the molten steel temperature decreases, resulting in a lamination defect (breaking into two pieces). ) May occur. In addition, operational troubles may occur.

従って、鋼の連続鋳造時は、プラズマ加熱装置を用いてタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼を加熱している。このプラズマ加熱装置の電極として、従来は金属電極を使用することが多かった（例えば特許文献１，２）。その理由は、図３に示すような２重管構造の金属電極１の先端の、外管１ａと内管１ｂの間で高周波２を発生しているので、安定した着火が行えるためである。   Therefore, during continuous casting of steel, the molten steel passing through the tundish is heated using a plasma heating device. Conventionally, a metal electrode has often been used as an electrode of this plasma heating device (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The reason is that the high frequency 2 is generated between the outer tube 1a and the inner tube 1b at the tip of the metal electrode 1 having a double tube structure as shown in FIG. 3, so that stable ignition can be performed.

しかしながら、金属電極１は、図３に示すように、電極保護のため内管１ｂに冷却水３を供給している。そのため、加熱時に投入する電力の約３０％の熱ロスが発生し、溶鋼への着熱効率は４５％程度となっていた。また、電源出力を増加すると金属電極が消耗して寿命が大幅に低下するのみならず、水漏れの懸念があるため、電源出力を制限しているものが多い。   However, as shown in FIG. 3, the metal electrode 1 supplies cooling water 3 to the inner tube 1b for electrode protection. Therefore, a heat loss of about 30% of the electric power input at the time of heating occurred, and the heat receiving efficiency to the molten steel was about 45%. Further, when the power output is increased, not only the metal electrode is consumed and the life is significantly reduced, but also there is a fear of water leakage, so that the power output is often limited.

なお、図３中の４は冷却水３を内管１ｂに送り込むポンプ、５は高周波回路を示す。また、６はタンディッシュ、７はタンディッシュ内の溶鋼を示し、紙面右側の金属電極１がカソード電極、紙面左側の金属電極１がアノード電極を示す。   In addition, 4 in FIG. 3 is a pump for sending the cooling water 3 to the inner pipe 1b, and 5 is a high-frequency circuit. In addition, 6 indicates a tundish, 7 indicates molten steel in the tundish, the metal electrode 1 on the right side of the paper indicates a cathode electrode, and the metal electrode 1 on the left side of the paper indicates an anode electrode.

そこで、近年、金属電極にかわって冷却が不要な黒鉛電極が開発され、使用されるようになってきている。この黒鉛電極は冷却が不要であるため、冷却による溶鋼への着熱効率の低下が改善されて着熱効率が大幅に向上する。また、冷却水が漏れる懸念がないので電源出力の制限も改善できる。   Therefore, in recent years, graphite electrodes that do not require cooling have been developed and used instead of metal electrodes. Since this graphite electrode does not need to be cooled, the decrease in heat receiving efficiency to the molten steel due to cooling is improved, and the heat receiving efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, since there is no fear of leakage of cooling water, the limitation on power output can be improved.

しかしながら、図４に示すように、黒鉛電極１１は中実の単体構造であり、金属電極のように高周波を使用した着火ができない。   However, as shown in FIG. 4, the graphite electrode 11 has a solid unit structure and cannot be ignited using a high frequency like a metal electrode.

また、黒鉛電極の場合、電極と溶鋼間の着火可能距離は、金属電極の着火可能範囲の１／３程度となって短くなる。さらに、黒鉛電極は消耗型電極であるため、使用毎に電極と溶鋼間の距離が変化する。   In the case of a graphite electrode, the ignitable distance between the electrode and the molten steel becomes about 1/3 of the ignitable range of the metal electrode and becomes shorter. Furthermore, since the graphite electrode is a consumable electrode, the distance between the electrode and the molten steel changes with each use.

なお、黒鉛電極を使用した場合の上記問題は、セラミックなどでコーティングされている金属電極では発生しない現象であり、黒鉛電極特有の現象である。   Note that the above problem in the case of using a graphite electrode is a phenomenon that does not occur in a metal electrode coated with ceramic or the like, and is a phenomenon peculiar to a graphite electrode.

また、図３や図４に示すツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置の場合、タンディッシュの整備が不要で、金属電極の先端と溶鋼湯面間の間隔を確保できるので高電圧化が可能で、加熱面積が広いが、シングル電極方式に比べてプラズマの生成が不安定である。   In addition, in the case of the twin electrode type plasma heating apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, no tundish is required, and the space between the tip of the metal electrode and the molten steel surface can be secured, so that a high voltage can be achieved. Although the area is wide, the generation of plasma is unstable compared to the single electrode method.

従って、シングル電極方式の場合に比べてプラズマの生成が不安定なツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置を使用する場合、黒鉛電極をタンディッシュ内に挿入した際に、黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋の間で異常放電が生じる懸念がある。   Therefore, when using a twin-electrode type plasma heating device, in which plasma generation is unstable compared to the single-electrode type, when the graphite electrode is inserted into the tundish, the graphite electrode is placed between the tundish lid. There is a concern that abnormal discharge may occur.

特許第２９６９７３１号公報Japanese Patent No. 2996931 特許第３３８５１５６号公報Japanese Patent No. 3385156

本発明が解決しようとする問題点は、ツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置の電極に黒鉛電極を使用する場合、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火を安定して行うには、黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋の間で発生する異常放電を抑制する必要があるという点である。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is that when a graphite electrode is used as an electrode of a twin electrode type plasma heating apparatus, in order to stably ignite molten steel in the tundish, the graphite electrode and the tundish It is a point that it is necessary to suppress abnormal discharge generated between the lids.

本発明の目的は、プラズマ加熱装置の電極に黒鉛電極を使用する場合に、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火を安定して行えるようにすることである。   An object of the present invention is to enable stable ignition of molten steel in a tundish when a graphite electrode is used as an electrode of a plasma heating apparatus.

すなわち、本発明のプラズマ加熱装置における黒鉛電極の異常放電抑制方法は、
黒鉛電極を使用したプラズマ加熱装置によりタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼を加熱する際、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時の電力値を、１．６MW未満とすることを最も主要な特徴としている。 That is, the method for suppressing abnormal discharge of the graphite electrode in the plasma heating apparatus of the present invention is as follows.
When the molten steel passing through the tundish is heated by a plasma heating apparatus using a graphite electrode, the most important feature is that the power value at the time of ignition of the molten steel in the tundish is less than 1.6 MW.

本発明は、黒鉛電極を使用したプラズマ加熱装置によりタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼を加熱する際、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時の電力値を最適範囲に規定するので、黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋の間で発生する異常放電を効果的に抑制することができる。   In the present invention, when the molten steel passing through the tundish is heated by the plasma heating apparatus using the graphite electrode, the power value at the time of ignition of the molten steel in the tundish is regulated within the optimum range. The abnormal discharge generated between the lids can be effectively suppressed.

本発明方法は、シングル電極方式に比べてプラズマの生成が不安定なツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置を使用して行う場合により効果を有する。その際、使用毎に黒鉛電極と溶鋼間の距離が変化し、かつ、カソード電極とアノード電極の消耗量の相違に対応するため、両電極の高さ制御を独立に行える装置を使用することが望ましい。   The method of the present invention is more effective when performed using a twin electrode type plasma heating apparatus in which plasma generation is unstable compared to the single electrode type. At that time, the distance between the graphite electrode and the molten steel changes with each use, and in order to cope with the difference in consumption of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, it is necessary to use a device that can control the height of both electrodes independently. desirable.

本発明によれば、黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋の間で発生する異常放電を効果的に抑制できて、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火を安定して行え、黒鉛電極のメリットである高着熱効率を享受することができる。   According to the present invention, abnormal discharge generated between the graphite electrode and the tundish lid can be effectively suppressed, and the molten steel in the tundish can be stably ignited. Thermal efficiency can be enjoyed.

タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火試験をプラズマ加熱装置に供給する電圧値と電流値を変化させて行った場合の結果を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the result at the time of performing the ignition test to the molten steel in a tundish by changing the voltage value and electric current value which are supplied to a plasma heating apparatus. 黒鉛電極と、タンディッシュの蓋に設けた黒鉛電極の挿入孔の間で発生する異常放電を説明する模式図である。It is a schematic diagram explaining the abnormal discharge which generate | occur | produces between the graphite electrode and the insertion hole of the graphite electrode provided in the lid of the tundish. 金属電極を用いたプラズマ加熱装置の概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the plasma heating apparatus using a metal electrode. 黒鉛電極を用いたプラズマ加熱装置の概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the plasma heating apparatus using a graphite electrode.

本発明は、プラズマ加熱装置の電極に黒鉛電極を使用する場合に、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火を安定して行えるようにするという目的を、着火時の電力値を最適範囲に規定することで実現した。   The present invention specifies the power value at the time of ignition within an optimum range for the purpose of enabling stable ignition of molten steel in a tundish when a graphite electrode is used as an electrode of a plasma heating device. Realized.

以下、黒鉛電極を用いたツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置を用い、各種条件を変更して黒鉛電極の先端とタンディッシュ内の溶鋼間にプラズマを発生させた際の結果を説明し、その試験結果に基づいて発明者らが成立させた本発明方法について説明する。   Below, we explain the results when plasma was generated between the tip of the graphite electrode and the molten steel in the tundish by changing various conditions using a twin electrode type plasma heating device using graphite electrodes, and the test results The method of the present invention established by the inventors based on the above will be described.

発明者らは、定電流電源であるプラズマ加熱装置の電源の電流値を１００Ａ、５００Ａ、１０００Ａ、２０００Ａ、３０００Ａ、４０００Ａ、５０００Ａと変化させて前記プラズマ発生時の影響を調査した。この試験のその他の条件を下記表１に示す。   The inventors changed the current value of the power source of the plasma heating apparatus, which is a constant current power source, to 100 A, 500 A, 1000 A, 2000 A, 3000 A, 4000 A, and 5000 A, and investigated the influence at the time of the plasma generation. Other conditions of this test are shown in Table 1 below.

Figure 2018098122
Figure 2018098122

表１に示した条件で行った試験の結果を図１に示す。
タンディッシュ内をＡｒガスでシールしたとき、電流値が１００Ａの場合の電圧値は１９０Ｖ、５００Ａの場合は２３０Ｖ、１０００Ａの場合は２３０Ｖ、２０００Ａの場合は２５０Ｖ、３０００Ａの場合は２００Ｖと２３０Ｖ、４０００Ａの場合は２５０Ｖと２９０Ｖ、５０００Ａの場合は２５０Ｖと２７５Ｖであった。そして、これら何れの場合も、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時、黒鉛電極と、タンディッシュの蓋に設けた黒鉛電極の挿入孔との間で異常放電は見られなかった。 The result of the test conducted under the conditions shown in Table 1 is shown in FIG.
When the inside of the tundish is sealed with Ar gas, the voltage value when the current value is 100A is 190V, 230A for 500A, 230V for 1000A, 250V for 2000A, 250V for 3000A, 200V and 230V for 4000A, 4000A In the case of 250V and 290V, in the case of 5000A, it was 250V and 275V. In either case, when the molten steel in the tundish was ignited, no abnormal discharge was observed between the graphite electrode and the insertion hole of the graphite electrode provided in the lid of the tundish.

一方、タンディッシュ内をＮ2ガスでシールしたとき、電流値が１００Ａ、５００Ａ、２０００Ａ、５０００Ａの場合の電圧値は３９５Ｖ、１０００Ａの場合は３９０Ｖ、３０００Ａの場合は３７０Ｖと３９０Ｖ、４０００Ａの場合は４１０Ｖで、タンディッシュ内をＡｒガスでシールしたときに比べて同一電流で電圧値が１５０Ｖ〜２００Ｖ程度上昇することが確認された。これは、Ａｒガスに対して２原子分子であるＮ2ガスの電離電圧が高く、プラズマ媒体のＡｒガス濃度がタンディッシュ内のシールガス（Ｎ2ガス）によって低下するためと考えられる。 On the other hand, when the inside of the tundish is sealed with N 2 gas, the voltage value when the current value is 100A, 500A, 2000A, 5000A is 395V, 390V when 1000A, 370V and 390V when 3000A, 4000A At 410 V, it was confirmed that the voltage value increased by about 150 V to 200 V at the same current compared to when the inside of the tundish was sealed with Ar gas. This is presumably because the ionization voltage of N 2 gas, which is a diatomic molecule, is higher than that of Ar gas, and the Ar gas concentration of the plasma medium is lowered by the seal gas (N 2 gas) in the tundish.

また、タンディッシュ内のシールガスがＡｒガス、Ｎ2ガスの何れの場合も、電流増加に伴う電圧上昇は見られなかった。これは、電流の増加に伴い、電子衝突等のエネルギー増加によって電極温度が上昇し、プラズマ媒体のＡｒガスが高温化したことで、電離が促進されたためと考えられる。また、同時に、着熱量の増加によって金属蒸気が増加するため、顕著な電圧上昇がなかったと考えられる。 Further, when the seal gas in the tundish was either Ar gas or N 2 gas, no voltage increase was observed as the current increased. This is presumably because ionization was promoted by increasing the temperature of the electrode due to an increase in energy such as electron collision as the current increased, and the Ar gas in the plasma medium was raised in temperature. At the same time, the metal vapor increases due to an increase in the amount of heat received, so it is considered that there was no significant voltage increase.

しかしながら、タンディッシュ内をＮ2ガスでシールしたことによって電圧値が上昇した場合、電流値を４０００Ａ（電圧値は４００Ｖ）とした際は、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時、図２に示したように、黒鉛電極１１と、タンディッシュ６の蓋６ａに設けた黒鉛電極１１の挿入孔６ａａとの間で異常放電Ａが発生した。電流値を５０００Ａ（電圧値は３９２Ｖ）とした場合も、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時、黒鉛電極１１とタンディッシュ６の蓋６ａに設けた挿入孔６ａａの間で異常放電Ａが発生した。なお、図２中の６ｂは前記蓋６ａの挿入孔６ａａの上部に設けたシール蓋である。 However, when the voltage value is increased by sealing the inside of the tundish with N 2 gas, when the current value is 4000 A (voltage value is 400 V), the ignition of the molten steel in the tundish is shown in FIG. As described above, abnormal discharge A occurred between the graphite electrode 11 and the insertion hole 6aa of the graphite electrode 11 provided in the lid 6a of the tundish 6. Even when the current value is 5000 A (voltage value is 392 V), abnormal discharge A occurs between the graphite electrode 11 and the insertion hole 6 aa provided in the lid 6 a of the tundish 6 when the molten steel in the tundish is ignited. . In addition, 6b in FIG. 2 is a seal lid provided at the upper part of the insertion hole 6aa of the lid 6a.

これに対して、タンディッシュ内のシールをＡｒガスで行った場合は、何れの電流値の場合も、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時、黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋に設けた挿入孔の間で異常放電が発生しなかった。このことから、タンディッシュ内のシールをＮ2ガスとしたことによる電圧上昇に伴う電力上昇によるものと考えられる。 On the other hand, when sealing in the tundish is performed with Ar gas, at any current value, when the molten steel in the tundish is ignited, the insertion hole provided in the lid of the graphite electrode and the tundish is used. No abnormal discharge occurred between the two. From this, it is considered that this is due to an increase in electric power accompanying an increase in voltage due to the N 2 gas being used as the seal in the tundish.

本発明は、上記の試験結果に基づいてなされたものであり、黒鉛電極を使用したプラズマ加熱装置によりタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼を加熱する際、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時の電力値を、１．６MW未満とすることを特徴とするプラズマ加熱装置における黒鉛電極の異常放電抑制方法である。   The present invention was made on the basis of the above test results, and when the molten steel passing through the tundish is heated by the plasma heating apparatus using the graphite electrode, the power value at the time of ignition of the molten steel in the tundish Is a method for suppressing abnormal discharge of a graphite electrode in a plasma heating apparatus, characterized by being less than 1.6 MW.

本発明において、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時の電力値を、１．６MW未満（図１中でハッチングを付さない領域）とするのは、発明者らによる上記試験の結果に基づくものである。   In the present invention, the power value at the time of ignition of the molten steel in the tundish is set to less than 1.6 MW (the region not hatched in FIG. 1) based on the results of the above-mentioned test by the inventors. It is.

すなわち、上記試験で黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋の挿入孔間で異常放電が発生した最小の電力値は、タンディッシュ内をＮ2ガスでシールし、電流値４０００Ａ、電圧値４００Ｖで溶鋼に着火したときであったことから、着火時の電力値を１．６MW未満とした。 That is, the minimum power value at which abnormal discharge occurred between the graphite electrode and the tundish lid insertion hole in the above test was sealed with N 2 gas inside the tundish, and the molten steel was ignited at a current value of 4000 A and a voltage value of 400 V. Therefore, the power value at the time of ignition was set to less than 1.6 MW.

なお、上記試験で黒鉛電極とタンディッシュの蓋の挿入孔間で異常放電が見られなかった最小の電力値は、タンディッシュ内をＡｒガスでシールし、電流値１００Ａ、電圧値１９０Ｖで溶鋼に着火したときであった（電力値は０．０１９MW）。   In the above test, the minimum power value at which no abnormal discharge was observed between the graphite electrode and the tundish lid insertion hole was sealed with Ar gas in the tundish, and the molten steel with a current value of 100 A and a voltage value of 190 V was obtained. It was time to ignite (electric power value is 0.019 MW).

上記本発明の構成は、ツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置を使用した試験結果により得たものであるが、ツイン電極方式に比べてプラズマの生成が安定するシングル電極方式に適用が可能なことは言うまでもない。   The above-described configuration of the present invention is obtained by a test result using a twin electrode type plasma heating apparatus. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a single electrode type in which plasma generation is stable as compared with the twin electrode type. Yes.

また、黒鉛電極は使用毎に溶鋼との間の距離が変化し、かつ、カソード電極（図４の紙面右側の電極）とアノード電極（図４の紙面左側の電極）の消耗量が相違する。従って、上記本発明を、ツイン電極方式のプラズマ加熱装置を使用して実施する場合、両電極の高さ制御を独立に行う装置を使用することが望ましい。その際、発明者らの上記試験によれば、カソード電極の上昇が完了した後にアノード電極を上昇させることで、より発生するプラズマが安定することが確認できた。   Also, the distance between the graphite electrode and the molten steel changes with each use, and the consumption of the cathode electrode (the electrode on the right side of the paper in FIG. 4) and the anode electrode (the electrode on the left side of the paper in FIG. 4) are different. Therefore, when the present invention is carried out using a twin electrode type plasma heating apparatus, it is desirable to use an apparatus that independently controls the heights of both electrodes. At that time, according to the above-described test by the inventors, it was confirmed that the plasma generated more was stabilized by raising the anode electrode after the rise of the cathode electrode was completed.

本発明は上記した例に限らないことは勿論であり、請求項に記載の技術的思想の範疇であれば、適宜実施の形態を変更しても良いことは言うまでもない。   Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and the embodiments may be appropriately changed within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims.

例えばプラズマ媒体とするＡｒガス流量やタンディッシュ内のシールガス流量は上記した試験時の流量に限らない。   For example, the Ar gas flow rate used as the plasma medium and the seal gas flow rate in the tundish are not limited to the flow rates during the test.

上記した試験はＡｒガスとＮ2ガスによりタンディッシュ内をシールしたものであるが、他の不活性ガスを用いてタンディッシュ内をシールしてもよい。 In the above test, the inside of the tundish is sealed with Ar gas and N 2 gas, but the inside of the tundish may be sealed with other inert gas.

６ タンディッシュ
７ 溶鋼
１１ 黒鉛電極 6 Tundish 7 Molten steel 11 Graphite electrode

Claims (4)

黒鉛電極を使用したプラズマ加熱装置によりタンディッシュ内を通過する溶鋼を加熱する際、タンディッシュ内の溶鋼への着火時の電力値を、１．６MW未満とすることを特徴とするプラズマ加熱装置における黒鉛電極の異常放電抑制方法。   In the plasma heating apparatus, wherein when the molten steel passing through the tundish is heated by the plasma heating apparatus using the graphite electrode, the power value at the time of ignition of the molten steel in the tundish is less than 1.6 MW Method for suppressing abnormal discharge of graphite electrode. 前記プラズマ加熱装置はツイン電極方式であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のプラズマ加熱装置における黒鉛電極の異常放電抑制方法。   The said plasma heating apparatus is a twin electrode system, The abnormal discharge suppression method of the graphite electrode in the plasma heating apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記黒鉛電極はアノード電極及びカソード電極がそれぞれ独立して昇降が可能であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載のプラズマ加熱装置における黒鉛電極の異常放電抑制方法。   3. The method for suppressing abnormal discharge of a graphite electrode in a plasma heating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the graphite electrode can be moved up and down independently of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. 前記タンディッシュ内の雰囲気がＡｒガス又はＮ2ガスであることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れかに記載のプラズマ加熱装置における黒鉛電極の異常放電抑制方法。 The method for suppressing abnormal discharge of a graphite electrode in a plasma heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the atmosphere in the tundish is Ar gas or N 2 gas.
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CN111136253A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-12 北京科技大学 Plasma heating method and plasma heating system for tundish molten steel
JP7469613B2 (en) 2020-03-02 2024-04-17 日本製鉄株式会社 Plasma heating device and plasma heating method

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CN111136253A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-12 北京科技大学 Plasma heating method and plasma heating system for tundish molten steel
JP7469613B2 (en) 2020-03-02 2024-04-17 日本製鉄株式会社 Plasma heating device and plasma heating method

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