JP2017523586A - 熱的安定性が向上したマンガンビスマス系焼結磁石及びそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
熱的安定性が向上したマンガンビスマス系焼結磁石及びそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明の方法において、非磁性相のMnBi系合金を作製する段階は、MnBi混合溶融液を作製し、それから非磁性相のMnBi系合金を形成することにより行ってもよい。
本段階は、前記段階(a)で形成された非磁性相のMnBi系合金を熱処理して磁性相の合金に転移させる段階である。
次の段階として、磁性相のMnBi系合金を粉砕してMnBi硬磁性相粉末を準備する。
本発明の方法において、低融点金属粉末は、磁粉を作製する段階で適用され、MnBi硬磁性相粉末と混合されるようにしてもよい。
本段階においては、前記合金粉末混合物を磁場成形する工程により、磁場の方向と粉末のC軸方向とを平行に配向させて異方性を確保する。このように磁場成形により一軸方向に異方性を確保した異方性磁石は、等方性磁石と比較して優れた磁気特性を有する。
緻密化磁石を製造する際には、粒子の成長及び酸化の抑制のために、低温での選択的熱処理として、ホットプレス焼結(hot press sintering)、熱間静水圧焼結(hot isotactic pressing)、放電プラズマ焼結(spark plasma sintering)、炉焼結(furnace sintering)、マイクロ波焼結(microwave sintering)などを用いることができるが、必ずしもこれらに限定されるものではない。
まず、マンガン(Mn)金属粉末とビスマス(Bi)金属粉末を混合し、その混合粉末を炉内に装入して誘導加熱方式で溶融した。このとき、炉の温度を瞬間的に1400℃まで上昇させて混合溶融液を作製した。次に、前記混合溶融液をホイール速度が約65m/sに設定された冷却ホイールに注入し、急速冷却方式で固体状態の非磁性相のMnBi系リボンを作製した。
熱的安定性が向上したMnBi焼結磁石における固有保磁力(HCi)、残留磁束密度(Br)、誘導保磁力(HCB)、密度(Density)及び最大磁気エネルギー積[(BH)max]を測定したが、磁気特性は、VSM(vibrating sample magnetometer)(Lake Shore #7300 USA、最大25kOe)により常温(25℃)で測定し、その値を下記表1に示した。
Sn粉末を2wt%含む場合において、各ボールミリング時間におけるMnBi焼結磁石の磁気特性を測定するために、固有保磁力(HCi)、残留磁束密度(Br)、誘導保磁力(HCB)、密度(Density)及び最大磁気エネルギー積[(BH)max]をVSM(Lake Shore #7300 USA、最大25kOe)により常温(25℃)で測定し、その値を下記表2に示した。
Sn粉末を2wt%添加したMnBi焼結磁石(ボールミリング時間3時間)及びSn粉末を添加していないMnBi焼結磁石(ボールミリング時間8時間)の磁気特性をそれぞれ−40℃、25℃及び150℃の測定温度で測定し、その結果を下記表3に示した。
マンガン(Mn)金属とビスマス(Bi)金属の混合粉末を炉に装入し、炉の温度を瞬間的に1400℃まで上昇させて誘導加熱方式で混合溶融液を作製し、それをホイール速度が約65m/sに設定された冷却ホイールに注入し、急速冷却方式で固体状態の非磁性相のMnBi系リボンを作製した。このようにして作製された非磁性相のMnBi系リボンに磁性を付与するために、真空及び不活性ガス雰囲気の条件で低温熱処理を行い、MnBi系磁性体を作製した。
Snの添加による影響を測定するために、25℃の測定温度でVSM(Lake Shore #7300 USA、最大25kOe)により磁気特性を測定し、その結果を表4に示した。
Claims (18)
- MnBi相粒子を含むMnBi系焼結磁石であって、粒子間の界面に低融点金属を含むことを特徴とする焼結磁石。
- 希土類硬磁性相粒子をさらに含む異方性複合磁石であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記希土類硬磁性相は、R−CO、R−Fe−B又はR−Fe−N(ここで、Rは、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb及びLuからなる群から選択される希土類元素)で表されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記希土類硬磁性相は、SmFeN、NdFeB又はSmCoであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記低融点金属は、Sn、Bi、Zn、Bi−Sn、Bi−Zn、Sn−Zn、Bi−Sn−Zn及びAg−Bi−Znからなる群から選択される1つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記低融点金属は、焼結磁石全体の重量に対して0〜10重量%(0を含まず)含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記焼結磁石は、MnBiを55〜99.9重量%、低融点金属を0〜10重量%(0を含まず)、及び希土類硬磁性相を0〜45重量%含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記焼結磁石は、粒子間の界面に低融点金属を含むことから、それを含まない場合より高い熱的安定性を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記焼結磁石は、粒子間の界面に低融点金属を含むことから、100〜277℃の高温で、それを含まない場合より高い最大エネルギー積を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結磁石。
- 請求項1に記載の焼結磁石を含む製品であって、冷蔵庫又はエアコンのコンプレッサ用モータ、洗濯機の駆動モータ、モバイルハンドセットの振動モータ、スピーカ、ボイスコイルモータ、リニアモータ、カメラのズーム、絞り、シャッタ、微細加工機のアクチュエータ、デュアルクラッチトランスミッション(Dual Clutch Transmission, DCT)、アンチロックブレーキシステム(Anti-lock Brake System, ABS)、電動パワーステアリング(Electric Power Steering, EPS)モータ及び燃料ポンプからなる群から選択されるものである製品。
- (a)非磁性相のMnBi系合金を作製する段階と、
(b)作製された非磁性相のMnBi系合金を熱処理して磁性相のMnBi系合金に転移させる段階と、
(c)前記作製された磁性相の合金を粉砕してMnBi硬磁性相粉末を準備する段階と、
(d)前記MnBi硬磁性相粉末と低融点金属粉末を混合する段階と、
(e)外部磁場を印加して前記混合物を磁場成形する段階と、
(f)前記成形物を焼結する段階とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のMnBi系焼結磁石を製造する方法。 - 前記段階(a)での非磁性相のMnBi系合金は、急速凝固工程(Rapid Solidification Process, RSP)で作製されることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記急速凝固工程での冷却ホイール速度は、55〜75m/sであることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記段階(a)で作製されたMnBi系合金は、結晶粒の大きさが50〜100nmであることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記段階(b)でのMnBi系合金の熱処理は、280〜340℃の温度で行われることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記段階(c)での粉砕は、ボールミリングにより行われることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記段階(c)と前記段階(d)が同時に行われることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記段階(d)において、希土類硬磁性相粉末をさらに添加して混合することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
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KR101585478B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-01-15 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 자기적 특성이 향상된 MnBi를 포함한 이방성 복합 소결 자석 및 이의 제조방법 |
WO2017119386A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-07 | 2017-07-13 | 戸田工業株式会社 | MnBi系磁性粉末及びその製造方法、並びに、ボンド磁石用コンパウンド、ボンド磁石、MnBi系金属磁石及びその製造方法 |
KR101878078B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-07-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Fe-Mn-Bi계 자성체, 이의 제조방법, Fe-Mn-Bi계 소결자석 및 이의 제조방법 |
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KR102664651B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-11 | 2024-05-08 | 주식회사 오트로닉 | 페라이트 소결 자석의 제조 방법 |
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CN111564305B (zh) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-08-10 | 中国计量大学 | 一种高性能复合磁体的制备方法 |
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