JP2017207180A - Inverse input prevention clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a locked state of an output side member to be released manually at a lock-type inverse input prevention clutch when an input torque is not applied.SOLUTION: An inverse input prevention clutch in which a pair of rollers 9 are arranged in several wedge-shaped spaces 13 formed between an output side member and a stationary member outside in a radial direction, each of the rollers 9 is pushed into the wedge-shaped spaces 13 by a spring 10 to cause the output side member to be locked against an inverse input torque is configured in such a way that a holding unit 8 and a lock releasing auxiliary member 14 are assembled at positions where they are oppositely faced in an axial direction while holding the wedge-shaped spaces 13, and when the holding unit 8 is moved manually to the lock releasing auxiliary member 14 in the axial direction under application of a pushing jig 17 under a state in which no input torque is added, the rollers 9 guided by a first guide surface 8c of the holding unit 8 composed of slant surfaces and a second guide surface 14b of the lock releasing auxiliary member 14 are moved to an expanded part of the wedge-shaped spaces 13 against an elastic force of the spring 10 to cause the locked state of the output side member 4 to be released.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

本発明は、入力トルクが加えられたときは入力側部材の回転を出力側部材に伝達し、逆入力トルクに対しては入力側部材が回転しないようにする逆入力防止クラッチに関する。   The present invention relates to a reverse input prevention clutch that transmits rotation of an input side member to an output side member when input torque is applied, and prevents the input side member from rotating with respect to reverse input torque.

モータ駆動によって被駆動部材を作動させるアクチュエータでは、被駆動部材の作動中に、その動作を止めるためにモータを停止させたときや、停電等によってモータが停止してしまったときに、被駆動部材が重力等の外力を受けて位置（姿勢）を変えることによって種々のトラブルが生じるおそれがある。このため、通常は、モータ停止時に被駆動部材の位置を保持するブレーキとして、無励磁作動型の電磁ブレーキや、ロック式の逆入力防止クラッチ（例えば、特許文献１参照。）が組み込まれている。この逆入力防止クラッチは、入力側部材に入力トルクが加えられたときは、その回転を出力側部材に伝達し、出力側部材に逆入力トルクが加えられたときは、出力側部材をロックさせるもので、無励磁作動型電磁ブレーキに比べて電力消費量の低減および軽量化を図ることができるという利点がある。   In an actuator that operates a driven member by motor driving, when the driven member is in operation, when the motor is stopped to stop its operation, or when the motor stops due to a power failure or the like, the driven member There is a possibility that various troubles occur when the position (posture) is changed by receiving an external force such as gravity. For this reason, normally, as a brake for holding the position of the driven member when the motor is stopped, a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or a lock-type reverse input prevention clutch (for example, see Patent Document 1) is incorporated. . The reverse input prevention clutch transmits the rotation to the output side member when input torque is applied to the input side member, and locks the output side member when reverse input torque is applied to the output side member. Therefore, there is an advantage that the power consumption can be reduced and the weight can be reduced as compared with the non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake.

上記特許文献１に記載されたロック式の逆入力防止クラッチの具体的な構成は、同一軸心のまわりに回転する入力側部材と出力側部材との間に、入力側部材の回転を僅かな角度遅れをもって出力側部材に伝達するトルク伝達手段を設け、出力側部材の径方向外側に固定部材を配し、出力側部材の外周面に複数のカム面を設けて、固定部材の内周円筒面と出力側部材の各カム面との間に周方向で次第に狭小となる楔形空間を形成し、これらの各楔形空間にロック係合子となる一対のころとそのころを楔形空間の狭小部へ押し込むばねを組み込むとともに、各楔形空間の周方向両側（ころを挟んでばねに周方向で対向する位置）に、入力側部材と一体回転する保持器の柱部を挿入している。   The specific configuration of the lock-type reverse input prevention clutch described in Patent Document 1 described above is that the input side member is slightly rotated between the input side member and the output side member that rotate about the same axis. Torque transmission means for transmitting to the output side member with an angular delay is provided, a fixing member is arranged on the radially outer side of the output side member, and a plurality of cam surfaces are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the output side member, so that the inner peripheral cylinder of the fixing member A wedge-shaped space that is gradually narrowed in the circumferential direction is formed between the surface and each cam surface of the output side member, and a pair of rollers that serve as lock engaging members in each wedge-shaped space and the rollers to the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space In addition to incorporating a spring to be pushed in, a pillar portion of the cage that rotates integrally with the input side member is inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space (positions facing the spring in the circumferential direction with the rollers interposed therebetween).

この逆入力防止クラッチでは、各ころがばねの弾力で楔形空間の狭小部に押し込まれているので、出力側部材に逆入力トルクが加えられても、回転方向後側のころが固定部材の内周円筒面および出力側部材のカム面に係合することにより出力側部材が固定部材とロックされ、入力側部材へ回転伝達しない。   In this reverse input prevention clutch, each roller is pushed into the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space by the elasticity of the spring. Therefore, even if reverse input torque is applied to the output side member, the roller on the rear side in the rotation direction is the inner side of the fixed member. By engaging the circumferential cylindrical surface and the cam surface of the output side member, the output side member is locked with the fixed member, and rotation is not transmitted to the input side member.

一方、入力側部材に入力トルクが加えられたときは、入力側部材と一体回転する保持器の柱部が回転方向後側のころをばねの弾力に抗して楔形空間の広大部へ押し出すことにより、そのころと固定部材および出力側部材との係合が解除されて、出力側部材がロック状態から解放された後、トルク伝達手段によって入力側部材から出力側部材に回転が伝達されるようになる（このとき、回転方向前側のころは楔形空間の広大部に相対移動するので、固定部材および出力側部材と係合することはない）。   On the other hand, when input torque is applied to the input side member, the pillar portion of the cage that rotates integrally with the input side member pushes the roller on the rear side in the rotation direction against the elasticity of the spring to the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space. Thus, after the engagement between the roller and the fixing member and the output side member is released and the output side member is released from the locked state, rotation is transmitted from the input side member to the output side member by the torque transmitting means. (At this time, the roller on the front side in the rotational direction moves relative to the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space, so that it does not engage with the fixed member and the output side member).

特許第４９６５８７１号公報Japanese Patent No. 4965871

ところで、上記のようなロック式の逆入力防止クラッチでは、出力側部材が逆入力トルクに対してロックするので、アクチュエータにブレーキとして組み込んだ場合、そのアクチュエータの機械装置への組み付けやメンテナンスを行う際に、作業者が被駆動部材を手動で直接動かすことができず、作業性が低くなるという難点がある。   By the way, in the lock type reverse input prevention clutch as described above, since the output side member locks against the reverse input torque, when the actuator is assembled as a brake, when the actuator is assembled to the mechanical device or maintenance is performed. In addition, the operator cannot directly move the driven member manually, and the workability is lowered.

そこで、本発明は、ロック式の逆入力防止クラッチにおいて、入力トルクが加えられていないときに手動で出力側部材のロック状態を解除できるようにすることを課題とする。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to enable a lock-type reverse input prevention clutch to be manually unlocked when an input torque is not applied.

上記の課題を解決するため、本発明は、同一軸心のまわりに回転する状態で配されている入力側部材および出力側部材と、前記出力側部材の径方向外側に配されている固定部材と、前記出力側部材に加えられる逆入力トルクに対して出力側部材と固定部材とをロックするロック手段と、前記入力側部材に加えられる入力トルクに対して前記ロック手段によるロック状態を解除するロック解除手段と、前記ロック状態が解除された状態のときに、前記入力側部材に加えられる入力トルクを前記出力側部材に伝達するトルク伝達手段とを備え、前記ロック手段は、前記固定部材の内周に円筒面が設けられ、前記出力側部材の外周に複数のカム面が設けられて、前記固定部材の内周円筒面と出力側部材の各カム面との間に周方向両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間が形成されており、これらの各楔形空間に一対のロック係合子が組み込まれ、前記各ロック係合子がばねで楔形空間の狭小部へ押し込まれているものであり、前記ロック解除手段は、前記各楔形空間の周方向両側に挿入される柱部を有し、前記入力側部材に入力側部材と一体回転する状態で取り付けられている保持器である逆入力防止クラッチにおいて、前記保持器に前記各ロック係合子の一端面に対向する第１の案内面が設けられ、前記楔形空間を挟んで保持器に軸方向で対向する位置に、前記各ロック係合子の他端面に対向する第２の案内面が設けられたロック解除補助部材が、前記出力側部材に出力側部材と一体回転する状態で取り付けられ、前記第１の案内面と第２の案内面の少なくとも一方が、前記保持器の柱部に周方向で近づくほどロック係合子の端面に近づく傾斜面とされており、前記保持器とロック解除補助部材を軸方向で互いに接近させることにより、前記第１の案内面と第２の案内面に案内されたロック係合子が前記楔形空間の広大部へ移動して、前記ロック状態が解除されるようになっている構成を採用した。ここで、ロック係合子はころでも玉でもよいが、玉の場合、一端面とはクラッチ軸方向の一端側の半球面、他端面とはクラッチ軸方向の他端側の半球面のことをいう。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an input side member and an output side member that are arranged in a state of rotating around the same axis, and a fixing member that is arranged on the radially outer side of the output side member. And a lock means for locking the output side member and the fixing member with respect to the reverse input torque applied to the output side member, and a lock state by the lock means for releasing the input torque applied to the input side member. A lock releasing means; and a torque transmitting means for transmitting an input torque applied to the input side member to the output side member when the locked state is released. A cylindrical surface is provided on the inner periphery, a plurality of cam surfaces are provided on the outer periphery of the output side member, and gradually on both sides in the circumferential direction between the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the fixed member and each cam surface of the output side member. Narrow and narrow A wedge-shaped space is formed, a pair of lock engagement elements are incorporated in each of the wedge-shaped spaces, and each lock engagement element is pushed into a narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space by a spring, and the unlocking means Is a retainer in a reverse input prevention clutch, which is a cage having pillars inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space and attached to the input side member so as to rotate integrally with the input side member. A first guide surface facing the one end surface of each lock engagement element is provided on the cage, and opposed to the other end surface of each lock engagement element at a position facing the cage in the axial direction across the wedge-shaped space. A lock release auxiliary member provided with a second guide surface is attached to the output side member so as to rotate integrally with the output side member, and at least one of the first guide surface and the second guide surface is Around the pole of the cage The inclined surface approaches the end face of the lock engagement element as it approaches in the direction, and guides the first guide surface and the second guide surface by bringing the retainer and the unlocking auxiliary member closer to each other in the axial direction. A configuration is adopted in which the locked engagement element is moved to the vast part of the wedge-shaped space and the locked state is released. Here, the lock engagement element may be a roller or a ball, but in the case of a ball, one end surface is a hemispherical surface on one end side in the clutch axial direction, and the other end surface is a hemispherical surface on the other end side in the clutch axial direction. .

すなわち、固定部材の内周円筒面と出力側部材の各カム面との間に形成される楔形空間を挟んで保持器に軸方向で対向する位置に、出力側部材と一体回転するロック解除補助部材を組み込み、ロック係合子の一端面に対向する保持器の第１の案内面と、ロック係合子の他端面に対向するロック解除補助部材の第２の案内面の少なくとも一方を傾斜面とし、保持器とロック解除補助部材を軸方向で互いに接近させることにより、第１の案内面と第２の案内面でロック係合子を両端から押してばねの弾力に抗して楔形空間の広大部へ移動させ、出力側部材のロック状態を解除できるようにしたのである。この構成によれば、入力トルクが加えられていないときに手動でロック解除ができるので、アクチュエータにブレーキとして組み込んだ場合、そのアクチュエータの機械装置への組み付けやメンテナンスを行う際に、作業者が被駆動部材を手動で直接動かせるようになり、作業性の向上が図れる。   That is, the unlocking assist that rotates integrally with the output side member at a position facing the cage in the axial direction across the wedge-shaped space formed between the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the fixing member and each cam surface of the output side member Incorporating a member, at least one of the first guide surface of the cage facing one end surface of the lock engaging member and the second guide surface of the unlocking auxiliary member facing the other end surface of the lock engaging member is an inclined surface, By moving the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member closer to each other in the axial direction, the lock engaging element is pushed from both ends by the first guide surface and the second guide surface, and moves to the wide part of the wedge-shaped space against the spring elasticity. Thus, the locked state of the output side member can be released. According to this configuration, the lock can be released manually when no input torque is applied. Therefore, when the actuator is installed as a brake, the operator is required to perform the assembly and maintenance of the actuator on the mechanical device. The drive member can be directly moved manually, improving workability.

ここで、前記保持器およびロック解除補助部材は前記固定部材の内部に配されており、前記固定部材の前記保持器に軸方向で対向する部位と前記ロック解除補助部材に軸方向で対向する部位の少なくとも一方に、押し治具の押圧片が挿入される軸方向の貫通孔が設けられている構成とすることにより、その押し治具を用いて手動でロック解除を容易に行えるようになる。   Here, the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member are arranged inside the fixing member, and a portion of the fixing member that faces the cage in the axial direction and a portion that faces the unlocking auxiliary member in the axial direction When at least one of them is provided with a through-hole in the axial direction into which the pressing piece of the pressing jig is inserted, the unlocking can be easily performed manually using the pressing jig.

また、前記保持器およびロック解除補助部材と前記出力側部材のカム面が設けられた部位との軸方向隙間に、前記保持器とロック解除補助部材を軸方向で互いに接近させたときに、その軸方向移動した部材を押し戻す方向に付勢するロック保持ばねが組み込まれている構成とすれば、手動でロック解除した状態から確実かつ容易に通常使用時のロック状態に戻せるようになる。   Further, when the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member are brought close to each other in the axial direction between the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member and the portion where the cam surface of the output side member is provided, If the lock holding spring that urges the member that has moved in the axial direction to be pushed back is incorporated, the locked state during manual use can be reliably and easily returned from the unlocked state.

本発明の逆入力防止クラッチは、上述したように、入力トルクが加えられていないときに、手動で保持器とロック解除補助部材を軸方向で接近させることにより、出力側部材のロック状態を解除できるようにしたものであるから、アクチュエータにブレーキとして組み込んだ場合、そのアクチュエータの機械装置への組み付けやメンテナンスの際の作業性を向上させることができる。   As described above, the reverse input preventing clutch of the present invention manually releases the locked state of the output side member by manually bringing the retainer and the unlocking auxiliary member close in the axial direction when the input torque is not applied. Therefore, when the actuator is incorporated as a brake, it is possible to improve the workability during assembly and maintenance of the actuator to the mechanical device.

実施形態の逆入力防止クラッチの縦断正面図Vertical front view of reverse input prevention clutch of embodiment 図１のII−II線に沿った断面図Sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. 図１のIII−III線に沿った断面図Sectional view along line III-III in FIG. 図１の逆入力防止クラッチに対して用いられる押し治具の外観斜視図FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a pressing jig used for the reverse input prevention clutch of FIG. ａ、ｂは、それぞれ図２に対応してクラッチ動作を説明する断面図a and b are sectional views for explaining the clutch operation corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応して手動でのロック解除方法を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining the manual unlocking method corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応して手動での別のロック解除方法を説明する断面図Sectional drawing explaining another unlocking method by manual corresponding to FIG.

以下、図面に基づき、本発明の実施形態を説明する。この逆入力防止クラッチは、アクチュエータのブレーキとして用いられるもので、図１および図２に示すように、入力側部材としての入力軸１と、出力軸２と内輪３が一体形成された出力側部材４と、内輪３の径方向外側に配される外輪５が一体形成された二段円筒状のハウジング６と、ハウジング６の一端に取り付けられる押え蓋７と、内輪３と外輪５との間に挿入される複数の柱部８ａを有する保持器８と、内輪３と外輪５との間に組み込まれるころ（ロック係合子）９およびばね１０と、ハウジング６他端の小径部内周に嵌め込まれて出力軸２を回転自在に支持する焼結軸受１１とを備えている。そのころ９は、両端面が軸方向と直交する平面で、両端面と円筒面との境界部分はＲ面取り加工が施されている。また、ばね１０は、この実施形態ではコイルばねを用いているが、板ばね等に代えることもできる。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This reverse input preventing clutch is used as a brake for an actuator. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an input shaft 1 as an input member, an output shaft 2 and an inner ring 3 are integrally formed. 4, a two-stage cylindrical housing 6 integrally formed with an outer ring 5 disposed radially outside the inner ring 3, a presser lid 7 attached to one end of the housing 6, and the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 5. The cage 8 having a plurality of pillars 8a to be inserted, the rollers (lock engagement elements) 9 and springs 10 incorporated between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 5, and the small diameter inner periphery of the other end of the housing 6 are fitted. And a sintered bearing 11 that rotatably supports the output shaft 2. The roller 9 is a plane in which both end surfaces are orthogonal to the axial direction, and the chamfering process is applied to the boundary portion between the both end surfaces and the cylindrical surface. Moreover, although the coil 10 is used for the spring 10 in this embodiment, it can be replaced with a leaf spring or the like.

前記ハウジング６は、一端のフランジの外周縁に複数の切欠き６ａが形成されており、これらの切欠き６ａに押え蓋７の外周縁に形成された爪７ａを嵌め込んで折り曲げることにより、押え蓋７と一体化されている。押え蓋７は、その外周から張り出す３つの舌状の張出部に取付孔７ｂが設けられている。そして、このハウジング６と押え蓋７が、押え蓋７の取付孔７ｂで図示省略した外部部材に一体に固定される固定部材１２となっている。また、ハウジング６の他端側の段差部および押え蓋７には、後述する出力側部材４のロック状態を手動で解除するための軸方向の貫通孔６ｂ、７ｃが、それぞれ周方向に複数設けられている。   The housing 6 is formed with a plurality of notches 6a on the outer peripheral edge of the flange at one end, and a claw 7a formed on the outer peripheral edge of the presser lid 7 is fitted into these notches 6a and bent. It is integrated with the lid 7. The presser lid 7 is provided with attachment holes 7b in three tongue-shaped projecting portions projecting from the outer periphery thereof. The housing 6 and the presser lid 7 serve as a fixing member 12 that is integrally fixed to an external member (not shown) through an attachment hole 7 b of the presser lid 7. Further, the stepped portion on the other end side of the housing 6 and the presser lid 7 are provided with a plurality of axial through holes 6b and 7c in the circumferential direction for manually releasing the locked state of the output side member 4 described later. It has been.

前記入力軸１は、外周に二面幅（軸心と平行でかつ互いに平行な２つの係合面）が形成された係合部１ａと、係合部１ａの端面から突出する小径円筒部１ｂとを有し、その係合部１ａの先端側部分が、前記内輪３の中央に設けられた係合穴３ａに挿入され、小径円筒部１ｂが内輪３の係合穴３ａの底から出力軸２の円形穴２ａに嵌め込まれて、出力側部材４（出力軸２および内輪３）と同一軸心のまわりに回転するようになっている。ここで、内輪３の係合穴３ａは、断面が入力軸１の係合部１ａとほぼ同じ形状で、入力軸１の係合部１ａを挿入したときに僅かな回転方向の隙間が生じるように形成されており、これにより、入力軸１に加えられる入力トルクを僅かな角度遅れをもって出力側部材４に伝達するトルク伝達手段が構成されている。   The input shaft 1 includes an engaging portion 1a having a two-sided width (two engaging surfaces parallel to the shaft center and parallel to each other) on the outer periphery, and a small-diameter cylindrical portion 1b protruding from an end surface of the engaging portion 1a. The distal end portion of the engaging portion 1a is inserted into an engaging hole 3a provided in the center of the inner ring 3, and the small diameter cylindrical portion 1b is output from the bottom of the engaging hole 3a of the inner ring 3 to the output shaft. 2 is fitted in the circular hole 2a and rotates around the same axis as the output side member 4 (the output shaft 2 and the inner ring 3). Here, the engagement hole 3a of the inner ring 3 has a cross section substantially the same shape as the engagement portion 1a of the input shaft 1, and a slight rotational clearance is generated when the engagement portion 1a of the input shaft 1 is inserted. Thus, torque transmitting means is configured to transmit the input torque applied to the input shaft 1 to the output side member 4 with a slight angular delay.

また、入力軸１の係合部１ａの軸方向中央側部分には、保持器８の円筒部８ｂが隙間なく嵌め込まれて、入力軸１と保持器８が一体回転するようになっている。そして、入力軸１はアクチュエータのモータ（図示省略）から入力トルクを加えられ、出力軸２は外周に二面幅が形成された係合部２ｂに連結される被駆動部材（図示省略）にトルクを出力するようになっている。   In addition, the cylindrical portion 8b of the cage 8 is fitted into the axially central portion of the engaging portion 1a of the input shaft 1 so that the input shaft 1 and the cage 8 rotate integrally. The input shaft 1 receives input torque from an actuator motor (not shown), and the output shaft 2 torques to a driven member (not shown) connected to an engaging portion 2b having a two-sided width formed on the outer periphery. Is output.

前記外輪５の内周は円筒面となっており、内輪３の外周にはカム面３ｂが周方向に複数設けられ、外輪５の内周円筒面と内輪３の各カム面３ｂとの間に周方向両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間１３が形成されている。そして、これらの各楔形空間１３には前記ころ９が一対ずつ組み込まれ、前記ばね１０がその一対のころ９に挟まれる位置に配されて各ころ９を楔形空間１３の狭小部へ押し込んでいる。これにより、出力側部材４に加えられる逆入力トルクに対して、出力側部材４の一部である内輪３と固定部材１２の一部である外輪５とをロックするロック手段が構成されている。   The inner circumference of the outer ring 5 is a cylindrical surface, and a plurality of cam surfaces 3 b are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer circumference of the inner ring 3, and between the inner circumferential cylindrical surface of the outer ring 5 and each cam surface 3 b of the inner ring 3. A wedge-shaped space 13 that is gradually narrowed on both sides in the circumferential direction is formed. A pair of rollers 9 is incorporated in each wedge-shaped space 13, and the spring 10 is arranged at a position sandwiched between the pair of rollers 9 to push each roller 9 into a narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space 13. . As a result, a locking means is configured to lock the inner ring 3 that is a part of the output side member 4 and the outer ring 5 that is a part of the fixing member 12 against the reverse input torque applied to the output side member 4. .

また、前記各楔形空間１３の周方向両側（ころ９を挟んでばね１０に周方向で対向する位置）には、前記保持器８の柱部８ａが挿入されている。これにより、入力軸１に入力トルクが加えられたときに、保持器８が入力軸１と一体に回転して、保持器８の柱部８ａが一対のころ９のうちの回転方向後側のころ９を楔形空間１３の広大部へ押し出して、前記ロック手段によるロック状態を解除するようになっている。すなわち、この保持器８が、入力軸１に加えられる入力トルクに対して前記ロック状態を解除するロック解除手段となっている。   Further, on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space 13 (positions facing the spring 10 in the circumferential direction across the rollers 9), the column portions 8a of the cage 8 are inserted. Thereby, when input torque is applied to the input shaft 1, the cage 8 rotates integrally with the input shaft 1, and the column portion 8 a of the cage 8 is located on the rear side in the rotational direction of the pair of rollers 9. The roller 9 is pushed out to the wide part of the wedge-shaped space 13 to release the locked state by the locking means. That is, the cage 8 serves as a lock release means for releasing the locked state with respect to the input torque applied to the input shaft 1.

図１および図３に示すように、前記内輪３および楔形空間１３を挟んで保持器８に軸方向で対向する位置には、環状のロック解除補助部材１４が組み込まれている。このロック解除補助部材１４は、保持器８の各柱部８ａ間に対応する周方向位置に、軸方向に突出する円弧状突部１４ａを有しており、出力軸２の係合部２ｂの軸方向中央側部分に隙間なく嵌め込まれて、出力側部材４と一体回転するようになっている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an annular unlocking assisting member 14 is incorporated at a position facing the cage 8 in the axial direction across the inner ring 3 and the wedge-shaped space 13. This unlocking assisting member 14 has an arc-shaped protruding portion 14 a protruding in the axial direction at a circumferential position corresponding to between each column portion 8 a of the retainer 8, and the engaging portion 2 b of the output shaft 2. It is fitted into the axially central portion with no gap, and rotates integrally with the output side member 4.

前記保持器８およびロック解除補助部材１４は、それぞれ入力軸１および出力軸２に軸方向移動可能に取り付けられており、通常使用中は、それぞれと内輪３との軸方向隙間に配されたロック保持ばね１５、１６により互いに軸方向で接近しないように保持されている。そして、後述するようにアクチュエータのメンテナンス等を行う際には、保持器８に軸方向で対向する押え蓋７の貫通孔７ｃまたはロック解除補助部材１４に軸方向で対向するハウジング６段差部の貫通孔６ｂから固定部材１２の内部へ、図４に示す環状の押し治具１７の一側面に設けた柱状の押圧片１７ａを挿入することにより、ロック保持ばね１５、１６の弾力に抗して保持器８とロック解除補助部材１４を軸方向で互いに接近させられるようになっている（図６および図７参照）。なお、ロック保持ばね１５、１６は、この実施形態ではコイルばねを用いているが、板ばね等に代えることもできる。   The retainer 8 and the unlocking auxiliary member 14 are attached to the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and are locked in the axial clearance between the inner ring 3 and the cage during normal use. The holding springs 15 and 16 are held so as not to approach each other in the axial direction. As will be described later, when performing maintenance of the actuator or the like, the through hole 7c of the presser lid 7 facing the retainer 8 in the axial direction or the stepped portion of the housing 6 facing the unlocking assisting member 14 in the axial direction. A columnar pressing piece 17a provided on one side surface of the annular pressing jig 17 shown in FIG. 4 is inserted into the fixing member 12 from the hole 6b, and held against the elasticity of the lock holding springs 15 and 16. The container 8 and the unlocking assisting member 14 can be brought close to each other in the axial direction (see FIGS. 6 and 7). The lock holding springs 15 and 16 are coil springs in this embodiment, but may be replaced with leaf springs or the like.

また、図３に示すように、保持器８の各柱部８ａの根元側には、ころ９の一端面に対向し、柱部８ａに周方向で近づくほどころ９の一端面に近づく傾斜面からなる第１の案内面８ｃが設けられており、ロック解除補助部材１４の各円弧状突部１４ａには、ころ９の他端面に対向し、軸方向と直交する平面からなる第２の案内面１４ｂが設けられている。そして、保持器８とロック解除補助部材１４が軸方向で互いに接近するときには、その第１の案内面８ｃと第２の案内面１４ｂとでころ９を案内するようになっている。   Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the inclined surface which faces the one end surface of the roller 9 in the base side of each pillar part 8a of the holder | retainer 8, and approaches one end surface of the roller 9 as it approaches the pillar part 8a in the circumferential direction. The first guide surface 8c is provided, and each arcuate protrusion 14a of the unlocking assisting member 14 is opposed to the other end surface of the roller 9 and is formed of a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. A surface 14b is provided. When the cage 8 and the unlocking auxiliary member 14 approach each other in the axial direction, the roller 9 is guided by the first guide surface 8c and the second guide surface 14b.

なお、押え蓋７の貫通孔７ｃおよびハウジング６段差部の貫通孔６ｂは、通常、それぞれ保持器８およびロック解除補助部材１４で塞がれているため、固定部材１２の内部をグリース潤滑する場合でも、各貫通孔７ｃ、６ｂからのグリース漏れや内部への異物侵入が生じるおそれはない。   In addition, since the through hole 7c of the presser lid 7 and the through hole 6b of the step portion of the housing 6 are normally closed by the cage 8 and the unlocking auxiliary member 14, respectively, the inside of the fixing member 12 is grease lubricated. However, there is no possibility that grease leaks from the through holes 7c and 6b or foreign matter enters the inside.

この逆入力防止クラッチは、上記の構成であり、各ころ９がばね１０の弾力で楔形空間１３の狭小部に押し込まれているので、アクチュエータの被駆動部材から出力側部材４に逆入力トルクが加えられても、回転方向後側のころ９が固定部材１２の一部である外輪５の内周円筒面および出力側部材４の一部である内輪３のカム面３ｂに係合することにより出力側部材４が固定部材１２とロックされ、入力軸１へ回転伝達しない。   This reverse input preventing clutch has the above-described configuration, and each roller 9 is pushed into the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space 13 by the elasticity of the spring 10, so that the reverse input torque is applied from the driven member of the actuator to the output side member 4. Even if added, the roller 9 on the rear side in the rotation direction is engaged with the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the outer ring 5 which is a part of the fixing member 12 and the cam surface 3b of the inner ring 3 which is a part of the output side member 4. The output side member 4 is locked with the fixing member 12 and does not transmit rotation to the input shaft 1.

一方、アクチュエータのモータから入力軸１に入力トルクが加えられたときには、まず、図５（ａ）に示すように、入力軸１と一体に回転する保持器８の柱部８ａが回転方向後側のころ９をばね１０の弾力に抗して楔形空間１３の広大部へ押し出すことにより、そのころ９と外輪５および内輪３との係合が解除されて、出力側部材４がロック状態から解放される。そして、図５（ｂ）に示すように、入力軸１がさらに回転して、その係合部１ａと内輪３の係合穴３ａとが係合すると、入力軸１の回転が内輪３を介して出力軸２に伝達されるようになる（このとき、回転方向前側のころ９は楔形空間１３の広大部に相対移動するので、外輪５および内輪３と係合することはない）。   On the other hand, when an input torque is applied to the input shaft 1 from the motor of the actuator, first, as shown in FIG. 5A, the column portion 8a of the cage 8 that rotates integrally with the input shaft 1 By pushing the roller 9 against the elasticity of the spring 10 to the wide part of the wedge-shaped space 13, the engagement between the roller 9 and the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 3 is released, and the output side member 4 is released from the locked state. Is done. Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the input shaft 1 further rotates and the engagement portion 1 a engages with the engagement hole 3 a of the inner ring 3, the rotation of the input shaft 1 passes through the inner ring 3. (At this time, the roller 9 on the front side in the rotational direction moves relative to the wide portion of the wedge-shaped space 13, and thus does not engage with the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 3).

そして、アクチュエータのモータが停止した状態（入力軸１に入力トルクが加えられない状態）では、図６に示すように、押し治具１７の押圧片１７ａを押え蓋７の貫通孔７ｃから固定部材１２の内部へ挿入して、その押圧片１７ａで保持器８を押し、ロック保持ばね１５の弾力に抗して保持器８を軸方向でロック解除補助部材１４に近づけると、ころ９が一端側のＲ面取り部を保持器８の第１の案内面８ｃに案内されるとともに他端面をロック解除補助部材１４の第２の案内面１４ｂに案内されて、ばね１０の弾力に抗して楔形空間１３の広大部へ移動し、出力側部材４のロック状態が解除される。   When the motor of the actuator is stopped (when input torque is not applied to the input shaft 1), the pressing piece 17a of the pressing jig 17 is moved from the through hole 7c of the pressing lid 7 to the fixing member as shown in FIG. 12, when the retainer 8 is pushed by the pressing piece 17 a and the retainer 8 is brought close to the unlocking auxiliary member 14 in the axial direction against the elasticity of the lock retaining spring 15, the roller 9 is moved to one end side. The R chamfered portion is guided by the first guide surface 8 c of the cage 8, and the other end surface is guided by the second guide surface 14 b of the unlocking auxiliary member 14, so that the wedge-shaped space is resisted against the elasticity of the spring 10. 13 moves to the vast part, and the locked state of the output side member 4 is released.

また、図７に示すように、押し治具１７の押圧片１７ａをハウジング６段差部の貫通孔６ｂから固定部材１２の内部へ挿入して、その押圧片１７ａでロック解除補助部材１４を押し、ロック保持ばね１６の弾力に抗してロック解除補助部材１４を軸方向で保持器８に近づけても、図６の場合と同様に、ころ９が軸方向両側の案内面８ｃ、１４ｂに案内されて楔形空間１３の広大部へ移動し、出力側部材４のロック状態を解除することができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the pressing piece 17a of the pressing jig 17 is inserted into the fixing member 12 through the through hole 6b of the stepped portion of the housing 6, and the unlocking auxiliary member 14 is pressed with the pressing piece 17a. Even if the unlocking assisting member 14 is brought close to the cage 8 in the axial direction against the elasticity of the lock holding spring 16, the rollers 9 are guided by the guide surfaces 8c and 14b on both sides in the axial direction as in the case of FIG. Then, it moves to the wide part of the wedge-shaped space 13 and the locked state of the output side member 4 can be released.

このようにして出力側部材４のロック状態を解除すれば、アクチュエータの機械装置への組み付けやメンテナンス等の際に、作業者がアクチュエータの被駆動部材を手動で直接動かせるようになり、効率よく作業を行うことができる。また、作業終了後は、押し治具１７を引き抜くだけで、保持器８とロック解除補助部材１４のうち、軸方向に移動した部材がロック保持ばね１５またはロック保持ばね１６に付勢されて元の位置に押し戻されるとともに、ころ９も楔形空間１３のばね１０の弾力により再び楔形空間１３の狭小部へ移動して、出力側部材４をロック状態に戻すことができる。   By releasing the locked state of the output side member 4 in this way, the operator can manually move the driven member of the actuator directly when assembling the actuator to the mechanical device or performing maintenance. It can be performed. Further, after the work is completed, the member moved in the axial direction among the cage 8 and the unlocking auxiliary member 14 is simply urged by the lock holding spring 15 or the lock holding spring 16 by simply pulling out the pushing jig 17, and the original is released. The roller 9 is also moved back to the narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space 13 by the elastic force of the spring 10 of the wedge-shaped space 13, and the output side member 4 can be returned to the locked state.

なお、上述した実施形態では、保持器の第１の案内面を保持器の柱部に周方向で近づくほどころ端面に近づく傾斜面とし、ロック解除補助部材の第２の案内面を軸方向と直交する平面としたが、両案内面を逆の構成とすることもできるし、両案内面とも前記形状の傾斜面とすることもできる。   In the above-described embodiment, the first guide surface of the cage is an inclined surface that approaches the roller end surface as it approaches the column portion of the cage in the circumferential direction, and the second guide surface of the unlocking auxiliary member is the axial direction. Although the planes are perpendicular to each other, both guide surfaces can be reversed, and both guide surfaces can be inclined surfaces having the above-mentioned shape.

また、保持器とロック解除補助部材は、必ずしも実施形態のように両方が軸方向移動可能な状態で組み込まれていなくてもよく、少なくとも一方が互いに接近する方向に移動できるようになっていればよい。そして、いずれか一方のみが軸方向移動可能な場合は、移動しない部材の側のロック保持ばねは不要となる。   Further, the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member do not necessarily have to be incorporated in a state in which both can move in the axial direction as in the embodiment, and at least one of them can move in a direction in which they approach each other. Good. If only one of them is movable in the axial direction, the lock holding spring on the side of the non-moving member is not necessary.

また、本発明は、ロック係合子としてころの代わりに玉を用いた逆入力防止クラッチにも適用することができる。   The present invention can also be applied to a reverse input prevention clutch that uses balls instead of rollers as lock engagement elements.

１ 入力軸（入力側部材）
１ａ 係合部
２ 出力軸
２ｂ 係合部
３ 内輪
３ｂ カム面
４ 出力側部材
５ 外輪
６ ハウジング
６ｂ 貫通孔
７ 押え蓋
７ｃ 貫通孔
８ 保持器
８ａ 柱部
８ｃ 第１の案内面
９ ころ（ロック係合子）
１０ ばね
１１ 焼結軸受
１２ 固定部材
１３ 楔形空間
１４ ロック解除補助部材
１４ｂ 第２の案内面
１５、１６ ロック保持ばね
１７ 押し治具
１７ａ 押圧片 1 Input shaft (input side member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Engagement part 2 Output shaft 2b Engagement part 3 Inner ring 3b Cam surface 4 Output side member 5 Outer ring 6 Housing 6b Through-hole 7 Presser lid 7c Through-hole 8 Cage 8a Column part 8c First guide surface 9 Roller Goiko)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Spring 11 Sintered bearing 12 Fixing member 13 Wedge-shaped space 14 Unlocking auxiliary member 14b 2nd guide surface 15, 16 Lock holding spring 17 Pushing jig 17a Pressing piece

Claims (3)

同一軸心のまわりに回転する状態で配されている入力側部材および出力側部材と、前記出力側部材の径方向外側に配されている固定部材と、前記出力側部材に加えられる逆入力トルクに対して出力側部材と固定部材とをロックするロック手段と、前記入力側部材に加えられる入力トルクに対して前記ロック手段によるロック状態を解除するロック解除手段と、前記ロック状態が解除された状態のときに、前記入力側部材に加えられる入力トルクを前記出力側部材に伝達するトルク伝達手段とを備え、
前記ロック手段は、前記固定部材の内周に円筒面が設けられ、前記出力側部材の外周に複数のカム面が設けられて、前記固定部材の内周円筒面と出力側部材の各カム面との間に周方向両側で次第に狭小となる楔形空間が形成されており、これらの各楔形空間に一対のロック係合子が組み込まれ、前記各ロック係合子がばねで楔形空間の狭小部へ押し込まれているものであり、前記ロック解除手段は、前記各楔形空間の周方向両側に挿入される柱部を有し、前記入力側部材に入力側部材と一体回転する状態で取り付けられている保持器である逆入力防止クラッチにおいて、
前記保持器に前記各ロック係合子の一端面に対向する第１の案内面が設けられ、前記楔形空間を挟んで保持器に軸方向で対向する位置に、前記各ロック係合子の他端面に対向する第２の案内面が設けられたロック解除補助部材が、前記出力側部材に出力側部材と一体回転する状態で取り付けられ、前記第１の案内面と第２の案内面の少なくとも一方が、前記保持器の柱部に周方向で近づくほどロック係合子の端面に近づく傾斜面とされており、
前記保持器とロック解除補助部材を軸方向で互いに接近させることにより、前記第１の案内面と第２の案内面に案内されたロック係合子が前記楔形空間の広大部へ移動して、前記ロック状態が解除されるようになっていることを特徴とする逆入力防止クラッチ。 An input side member and an output side member arranged in a state of rotating around the same axis, a fixed member arranged on a radially outer side of the output side member, and a reverse input torque applied to the output side member The lock means for locking the output side member and the fixing member with respect to the above, the lock release means for releasing the lock state by the lock means for the input torque applied to the input side member, and the lock state released Torque transmitting means for transmitting an input torque applied to the input side member to the output side member when in a state;
The locking means is provided with a cylindrical surface on the inner periphery of the fixed member, and a plurality of cam surfaces are provided on the outer periphery of the output side member, and the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the fixed member and each cam surface of the output side member Are formed in a wedge-shaped space gradually narrowing on both sides in the circumferential direction, and a pair of lock engagement elements are incorporated in each of these wedge-shaped spaces, and each of the lock engagement elements is pushed into a narrow portion of the wedge-shaped space by a spring. The unlocking means has column portions inserted on both sides in the circumferential direction of each wedge-shaped space, and is attached to the input side member so as to rotate integrally with the input side member. In the reverse input prevention clutch,
The retainer is provided with a first guide surface facing one end surface of each lock engagement element, and at a position facing the retainer in the axial direction across the wedge-shaped space, on the other end surface of each lock engagement element. An unlocking auxiliary member provided with an opposing second guide surface is attached to the output side member so as to rotate integrally with the output side member, and at least one of the first guide surface and the second guide surface is In addition, the closer to the end of the lock engagement element, the closer to the pillar portion of the cage in the circumferential direction,
By causing the retainer and the unlocking auxiliary member to approach each other in the axial direction, the lock engaging member guided by the first guide surface and the second guide surface moves to the wide part of the wedge-shaped space, and A reverse input prevention clutch characterized in that the locked state is released. 前記保持器およびロック解除補助部材は前記固定部材の内部に配されており、前記固定部材の前記保持器に軸方向で対向する部位と前記ロック解除補助部材に軸方向で対向する部位の少なくとも一方に、押し治具の押圧片が挿入される軸方向の貫通孔が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の逆入力防止クラッチ。   The retainer and the unlocking auxiliary member are disposed inside the fixing member, and at least one of a portion of the fixing member facing the retainer in the axial direction and a portion facing the unlocking auxiliary member in the axial direction The reverse input preventing clutch according to claim 1, further comprising an axial through hole into which a pressing piece of a pressing jig is inserted. 前記保持器およびロック解除補助部材と前記出力側部材のカム面が設けられた部位との軸方向隙間に、前記保持器とロック解除補助部材を軸方向で互いに接近させたときに、その軸方向移動した部材を押し戻す方向に付勢するロック保持ばねが組み込まれていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の逆入力防止クラッチ。   When the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member are moved closer to each other in the axial direction in the axial gap between the cage and the unlocking auxiliary member and the portion where the cam surface of the output side member is provided, the axial direction The reverse input prevention clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lock holding spring for urging the moved member in a direction of pushing back is incorporated.

Images