JP2017192327A - Sugarcane transplanting machine - Google Patents

Sugarcane transplanting machine Download PDF

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JP2017192327A
JP2017192327A JP2016083791A JP2016083791A JP2017192327A JP 2017192327 A JP2017192327 A JP 2017192327A JP 2016083791 A JP2016083791 A JP 2016083791A JP 2016083791 A JP2016083791 A JP 2016083791A JP 2017192327 A JP2017192327 A JP 2017192327A
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Prior art keywords
groove
sugarcane
soil
groove forming
cutting
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JP2016083791A
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JP6700930B2 (en
Inventor
畑中　健一
Kenichi Hatanaka
健一 畑中
一弘 奥澤
Kazuhiro Okuzawa
一弘 奥澤
高史 丸山
Takashi Maruyama
高史 丸山
大 杉本
Masaru Sugimoto
大 杉本
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2016083791A priority Critical patent/JP6700930B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2017/015495 priority patent/WO2017183613A1/en
Priority to CN201780023653.3A priority patent/CN109068584B/en
Publication of JP2017192327A publication Critical patent/JP2017192327A/en
Priority to JP2020080972A priority patent/JP6910501B2/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B13/00—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation
    • A01B13/08—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation for working subsoil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B13/00—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation
    • A01B13/08—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation for working subsoil
    • A01B13/10—Special implements for lifting subsoil layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sugarcane transplanting machine in which the drainage of a furrow where sugarcane species are transplanted can satisfactorily be kept and the depth where the sugarcane species are planted becomes uniform.SOLUTION: The sugarcane transplanting machine includes: a furrow-making unit 20 provided at the lower front of a main frame 13 and forming a furrow 2 with a flat bottom as moving forward; a subsoiler 23 disposed at the bottom face of the furrow-making unit 20, and forming a drainage 3 at a bottom face 2a of the furrow 2 with forward movement; a cutting unit 18 for cutting the sugarcane seedling and creating sugarcane species 4; a guide unit 60 for dropping the sugarcane species 4 in the vicinity of the drainage 3 on the bottom face 2a from the cutting unit 18; a soil covering unit 40 for covering the sugarcane species 4 on the bottom face 2a with soil; and a suppression unit 50 for suppressing the furrow 2 after soil covering by the soil covering unit 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、サトウキビ移植機に関し、特に、水はけの悪い土地であっても苗が確実に成長でき、深植えできるサトウキビ移植機に関する。   The present invention relates to a sugarcane transplanter, and more particularly to a sugarcane transplanter that can reliably grow seedlings even in poorly drained land and can be deeply planted.

従来、サトウキビ植付作業機の前部に砕土ロータを配置し、該砕土ロータの左右一側にリッジャー（作溝鋤）を配置し、左右他方に補助リッジャーを配置し、前記リッジャーの上方に供給装置の裁断装置を備え、補助リッジャーは前記リッジャーよりも浅く作溝するように構成していた。該リッジャーの後方には覆土板と鎮圧ローラが配置され、この覆土板と鎮圧ローラの上方に施肥装置が配置される構成としていた。
このような構成において、砕土ロータで破砕した後に、補助リッジャーで浅くＶ溝を形成し、次の植付条の作業時に、この浅い溝をマーカーとして、左右一方の前輪がＶ溝を踏みながら走行し、この浅いＶ溝の底をリッジャーにより深く鋤き込んで更に深いＶ溝を成形し、この深いＶ溝内に種キビを整列して落下させ、施肥機から肥料を落下させて、その後に覆土板により覆土し、鎮圧ローラにより鎮圧して、深植えするようにした技術が公知となっている（例えば特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, a crushed rotor is arranged at the front of the sugar cane planting work machine, a ridger (groove ridge) is arranged on the left and right sides of the crushed rotor, and an auxiliary ridger is arranged on the other side of the left and right, and supplied above the ridger The cutting apparatus of the apparatus was provided, and the auxiliary ridger was configured to form grooves shallower than the ridger. A cover plate and a pressure reducing roller are arranged behind the ridger, and a fertilizer is arranged above the cover plate and the pressure reducing roller.
In such a configuration, after crushing with a crushing rotor, a shallow V-groove is formed with an auxiliary ridger, and when the next planting operation is performed, this shallow groove is used as a marker and the left and right front wheels run while stepping on the V-groove. Then, the bottom of this shallow V-groove is deeply sunk by a ridger to form a deeper V-groove, seed millet is aligned and dropped in this deep V-groove, and fertilizer is dropped from the fertilizer machine. A technique is known in which soil is covered with a soil covering plate, is pressed with a pressure reducing roller, and is deeply planted (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２００４−８１７５号公報JP 2004-8175 A

しかし、前記特許文献１における技術の場合、水はけの悪い土壌で植え付けを行うと、種キビをＶ溝深く埋めてしまうため、雨天が続くと溝底部に水が溜まり、種キビは腐ったりして発芽不良が発生することがあった。また、リッジャーにより深い溝を成形するため、その側方には押し退けられた土が盛り上がり、覆土板が通過した後には、盛り上がった土が崩れて、植えられた種キビ上には、更に土が被せられて根が高い位置にまで発生し、翌年、株揃えをしたときに上部の根を切断してしまい、発芽不良が発生することもあった。
そこで、種キビが移植される溝の水はけを良好に保てるとともに、種キビが植えられ被せられる土の深さが均一になるサトウキビ移植機を提供しようとする。 However, in the case of the technique in the above-mentioned patent document 1, when planting in soil with poor drainage, the seed millet is buried deep in the V-groove, so when raining continues, water accumulates at the bottom of the groove and the seed millet rots. Insufficient germination may occur. In addition, since the deep groove is formed by the ridger, the pushed soil rises to the side, and after the cover plate passes, the raised soil collapses, and there is more soil on the planted seed millet. The roots were covered and the roots were raised to a high position, and the next year, when the stocks were arranged, the upper roots were cut, resulting in poor germination.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a sugarcane transplanting machine that can maintain a good drainage of the groove in which the seed millet is transplanted and has a uniform depth of soil on which the seed millet is planted and covered.

本発明の解決しようとする課題は以上の如くであり、次にこの課題を解決するための手段を説明する。
即ち、請求項１においては、メインフレームの下部前方に設けられ、前進に伴い溝を形成する作溝部と、作溝部の底面に配設され、前進に伴い前記溝底面に排水溝を形成するサブソイラと、前記サトウキビ苗を切断して種キビを作成する切断部と、前記切断部から底面上で前記排水溝の近傍に種キビを落下させるガイド部と、前記底面上の種キビに覆土する覆土部と、前記覆土部による覆土後に、溝を鎮圧する鎮圧部を備えるものである。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
In other words, in claim 1, a grooved portion that is provided in front of the lower portion of the main frame and that forms a groove as it moves forward, and a subsoiler that is disposed on the bottom surface of the grooved portion and that forms a drainage groove on the bottom surface of the groove as it moves forward. A cutting part that cuts the sugarcane seedling to create seed millet, a guide part that drops seed millet in the vicinity of the drainage groove on the bottom surface from the cutting part, and a covering material that covers the seed millet on the bottom surface And a pressure-reducing part for pressure-reducing the groove after covering with the soil covering part.

請求項２においては、前記作溝部の前進により溝の左右両側近傍に盛り上がった土を、前進に伴い溝から離れる方向に排出する排土板を有するものである。   According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a soil discharge plate for discharging the soil that has risen in the vicinity of the left and right sides of the groove due to advancement of the groove forming portion in a direction away from the groove with advancement.

請求項３においては、前記作溝部は、溝成形板と下作溝器を備え、該下作溝器の底面は、左右中央が高くなる正面断面視逆Ｖ字状に形成されるものである。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, the groove forming portion includes a groove forming plate and a lower groove forming device, and the bottom surface of the lower groove forming device is formed in an inverted V shape in front sectional view in which the left and right center is increased. .

本発明の効果として、以下に示すような効果を奏する。
即ち、種キビが深く均一な深さに移植されて、側枝の育成を向上し、根の張りも向上できて、サトウキビの生育が良好となり、倒伏を防止できる。また、排水性が良好となり、発芽不良を減少できる。 As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, seed millet is transplanted to a deep and uniform depth to improve the growth of side branches, improve the root tension, improve the growth of sugarcane, and prevent lodging. Moreover, drainage becomes good and germination failure can be reduced.

サトウキビ移植機の全体構成を示した側面図。The side view which showed the whole structure of the sugarcane transplanter. サトウキビ移植機の全体構成を示した後面図。The rear view which showed the whole structure of the sugarcane transplanter. 溝内に種キビを移植する過程を示す図。The figure which shows the process of transplanting seed millet in a groove | channel. サトウキビの芽出しを示す図。The figure which shows the sprouting of sugarcane. （ａ）溝成形板と下作溝器の正面図、（ｂ）溝成形板と下作溝器の側面図、（ｃ）溝内に種キビを落下させた状態を示す図。(A) Front view of groove forming plate and undergroove, (b) Side view of groove forming plate and undergroove, (c) View showing seed mill dropped in groove.

まず、図１、図２より、サトウキビ移植機１の全体構造について説明する。なお、Ｆ方向を前方として、前後方向を規定して説明する。
サトウキビ移植機１は、前端にトラクタの後部に配設される作業機装着装置に取り付けるためのヒッチ１１が設けられ、該ヒッチ１１の後部に横フレーム１２が横設され、該横フレーム１２の左右両側からメインフレーム１３が後方に延設される。該メインフレーム１３上には載置台１４が略水平方向に配設される。載置台１４の前部と左右両側には枠材１５が立設され、該枠材１５に脱葉した全茎のサトウキビ苗を立てかけられるようにしている。こうして載置台１４の前部をサトウキビ苗の載置部としている。 First, the overall structure of the sugarcane transplanter 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the description, the front-rear direction is defined with the F direction as the front.
The sugarcane transplanting machine 1 is provided with a hitch 11 for attaching to a work machine mounting device disposed at the rear part of the tractor at the front end, and a horizontal frame 12 is provided horizontally at the rear part of the hitch 11. A main frame 13 extends rearward from both sides. On the main frame 13, a mounting table 14 is disposed in a substantially horizontal direction. Frame members 15 are erected on the front and left and right sides of the mounting table 14 so that the whole stem sugarcane seedlings shed on the frame members 15 can be stood. Thus, the front part of the mounting table 14 is used as a sugar cane seedling mounting part.

前記載置台１４の後部はステップとし、作業者が乗降できるようにし、載置台１４の後部の左右中央には植付作業者が着座する座席１６が設けられている。該座席１６には二人の作業者が着座できるようにしている。また、載置台１４の略前後左右中央部にはサトウキビ苗を投入する供給口１７が開口され、該供給口１７の下方に切断部１８が配設されている。なお、本実施形態では、２条植えとしているために供給口１７は左右二ヶ所設けられている。前記載置台１４の左右中央後部の座席１６下方には施肥機１９が配設される。   The rear portion of the mounting table 14 is a step so that an operator can get on and off, and a seat 16 on which a planting worker sits is provided at the left and right center of the rear portion of the mounting table 14. Two workers can sit on the seat 16. Further, a supply port 17 for introducing sugarcane seedlings is opened substantially in the front, rear, left, and right center of the mounting table 14, and a cutting portion 18 is disposed below the supply port 17. In addition, in this embodiment, since it is set as 2 row planting, the supply port 17 is provided in two places on right and left. A fertilizer applicator 19 is disposed below the seat 16 at the rear left and right center of the mounting table 14.

前記切断部１８はメインフレーム１３の前後中途部に取り付けられる。該切断部１８はシリンダカッタ等で構成され、カッターは後述する駆動輪２５からの駆動力により回転されて、サトウキビ苗を供給口１７から挿入すると所定長さに切断されて種キビ４となり下方に落下する。   The cutting part 18 is attached to the front and rear halfway part of the main frame 13. The cutting portion 18 is composed of a cylinder cutter or the like, and the cutter is rotated by a driving force from a driving wheel 25 to be described later. When a sugarcane seedling is inserted from the supply port 17, it is cut to a predetermined length and becomes a seed millet 4. Fall.

前記切断部１８の下方にはガイド部６０が配置され、切断部１８より落下した種キビ４はガイド部６０にガイドされて後述する作溝部２０で形成した溝２の底面２ａの両側に落下する。ガイド部６０は切断部１８下方から下後方に斜設されたガイド板６１等で構成され、種キビ４が前後方向に向くように整列して滑り落ちるようにしている。
前記ガイド部６０の後方には前記施肥機１９の下部に連通したホースの下端を支持し肥料の落下位置を定めるガイド板２４が配置される。こうして、種キビ４が溝２の底面２ａに落下された後に施肥されるようにしている。 A guide portion 60 is disposed below the cutting portion 18, and the seed mill 4 dropped from the cutting portion 18 is guided by the guide portion 60 and falls on both sides of the bottom surface 2 a of the groove 2 formed by the groove forming portion 20 described later. . The guide part 60 is constituted by a guide plate 61 or the like obliquely provided from below to the lower part and rear part of the cutting part 18 so that the seed millet 4 is aligned so as to face in the front-rear direction and slides down.
A guide plate 24 that supports the lower end of the hose communicating with the lower portion of the fertilizer applicator 19 and determines the fertilizer fall position is disposed behind the guide portion 60. In this manner, the seed millet 4 is fertilized after being dropped onto the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2.

前記メインフレーム１３の前下方に作溝部２０が配設される。作溝部２０は溝成形板２１と下作溝器２２とサブソイラ２３からなり、溝成形板２１は平面視略Ｖ字状に形成されて、前部が支持杆により支持され、該支持杆の上端が横フレーム１２に上下高さ調節可能に取り付けられている。下作溝器２２は略三角錐状に形成されて溝成形板２１の前下端に固定される。該下作溝器２２の後部左右中央から下方にサブソイラ２３が下方に突設して設けられる。こうして、サトウキビ移植機１が前進されると、図３に示すような、断面視逆台形状の溝２が形成され、底面２ａの中央にサブソイラ２３により更に深い排水溝３が形成される。   A groove forming portion 20 is disposed on the front lower side of the main frame 13. The groove forming portion 20 includes a groove forming plate 21, a lower groove forming device 22, and a subsoiler 23. The groove forming plate 21 is formed in a substantially V shape in plan view, and a front portion is supported by a support rod, and an upper end of the support rod. Is attached to the horizontal frame 12 so that the vertical height can be adjusted. The lower groove device 22 is formed in a substantially triangular pyramid shape and is fixed to the front lower end of the groove forming plate 21. A subsoiler 23 projects downward from the center of the rear left and right of the lower groover 22. Thus, when the sugarcane transplanter 1 is advanced, a groove 2 having an inverted trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 3 is formed, and a deeper drainage groove 3 is formed by the subsoiler 23 at the center of the bottom surface 2a.

また、前記メインフレーム１３の後部下方に駆動軸２５ａが回転自在に支持され、該駆動軸２５ａの左右両側に駆動輪２５・２５が固定される。前記駆動軸２５ａ上にはスプロケットが固設され、該スプロケットよりチェーンを介して前記切断部１８と施肥機１９を駆動可能としている。但し、動力伝達部材はチェーンとスプロケットに限定するものではなく、歯車やベルト等を用いることも可能であり、また、サトウキビ移植機１を牽引するトラクタのＰＴＯ軸から動力を伝達してもよく、また、切断部１８及び施肥機１９をモータ等で直接駆動する構成とすることも可能である。   A drive shaft 25a is rotatably supported below the rear portion of the main frame 13, and drive wheels 25 and 25 are fixed to the left and right sides of the drive shaft 25a. A sprocket is fixed on the drive shaft 25a, and the cutting portion 18 and the fertilizer applicator 19 can be driven from the sprocket through a chain. However, the power transmission member is not limited to the chain and the sprocket, it is also possible to use gears, belts, etc., and power may be transmitted from the PTO shaft of the tractor that pulls the sugarcane transplanter 1, Further, the cutting unit 18 and the fertilizer applicator 19 can be directly driven by a motor or the like.

前記メインフレーム１３の後部から更に後方へ後部フレーム２６が延設される。該後部フレーム２６の前端はメインフレーム１３の後部に上下回動自在に取り付けられ、該後部フレーム２６の前後中途部と前記施肥機１９の支持フレームとの間には後部フレーム２６を下方へ付勢するバネ等で構成される付勢部材２８が設けられている。また、後部フレーム３１の前後中途部に取付バー２７が横設され、該取付バー２７の左右両端に排土部３０が設けられ、該排土部３０の内側に覆土部４０が設けられる。また、後部フレーム２６の後端に鎮圧部５０が設けられる。   A rear frame 26 extends further rearward from the rear portion of the main frame 13. The front end of the rear frame 26 is attached to the rear portion of the main frame 13 so as to be pivotable up and down, and the rear frame 26 is urged downward between the front and rear halfway portion of the rear frame 26 and the support frame of the fertilizer applicator 19. An urging member 28 composed of a spring or the like is provided. In addition, a mounting bar 27 is provided in the middle of the front and rear of the rear frame 31, a soil removal portion 30 is provided at both left and right ends of the mounting bar 27, and a soil covering portion 40 is provided inside the soil removal portion 30. In addition, a pressure suppression unit 50 is provided at the rear end of the rear frame 26.

前記排土部３０は支持杆３１と排土板３２からなり、支持杆３１の上端が取付バー２７に取り付けられ、支持杆３１の下端に排土板３２が取り付けられる。前記支持杆３１の上部と取付バー２７との間には取付部が形成され、該取付部は支持杆３１を左右位置調節可能、かつ、上下調節可能、かつ、排土板３２の取付角度を変更可能としている。つまり、取付部は溝２の左右幅に合わせて左右位置が調節されてボルト等により固定される。また、該取付部により軸心が上下方向を向くパイプが取付バー２７に固設され、該パイプに支持杆３１を挿通して、上下位置及び角度を調節して、ピンまたはボルト等で支持杆３１をパイプに固定している。こうして、排土板３２の上下位置を調節することで、溝２の左右両側の高さに合せることができ、排土板３２の角度を変更することで、排土量も調節できるようにしている。   The earth removal part 30 includes a support rod 31 and an earth discharge plate 32, and the upper end of the support rod 31 is attached to the mounting bar 27, and the earth discharge plate 32 is attached to the lower end of the support rod 31. A mounting portion is formed between the upper portion of the support rod 31 and the mounting bar 27. The mounting portion can adjust the horizontal position of the support rod 31 and can be adjusted up and down, and the mounting angle of the earth removal plate 32 can be adjusted. It can be changed. That is, the mounting portion is fixed by a bolt or the like with its left and right positions adjusted according to the left and right width of the groove 2. In addition, a pipe whose axis is directed vertically is fixed to the mounting bar 27 by the mounting portion, a support rod 31 is inserted into the pipe, and the vertical position and angle are adjusted, and the support rod is supported by a pin or a bolt. 31 is fixed to the pipe. Thus, by adjusting the vertical position of the soil removal board 32, it can be adjusted to the height of the left and right sides of the groove 2, and by changing the angle of the soil removal board 32, the amount of soil removal can also be adjusted. Yes.

前記排土板３２は円板状に構成され、その中心が支持杆３１の下端に回転自在に支持され、または、回転不能に固定されている。該排土板３２の高さは前記溝成形板２１の上部の高さ程度とし、左右の排土板３２・３２は前記溝成形板２１の左右端よりも外側に配置され、排土板３２・３２の面は左右斜め外方向を向くように、即ち、平面視で進行方向に向かって略逆Ｖ字状に取り付けられて、土を外側に押し出すようにしている。   The earth removing plate 32 is formed in a disc shape, and the center thereof is rotatably supported by the lower end of the support rod 31 or is fixed so as not to rotate. The height of the earth removing plate 32 is approximately the height of the upper part of the groove forming plate 21, and the left and right earth removing plates 32, 32 are arranged outside the left and right ends of the groove forming plate 21. -The surface of 32 is attached to the left and right diagonally outward directions, that is, attached in a substantially inverted V shape toward the traveling direction in plan view so as to push the soil outward.

前記覆土部４０は支持杆４１と覆土板４２からなり、支持杆４１の上端が取付バー２７に取り付けられ、支持杆４１の下端に覆土板４２が回転自在または、回転不能に取り付けられる。前記支持杆４１の上部と取付バー２７の間には前記排土部３０と同様に取付部が形成され、該取付部は支持杆４１を左右位置調節可能、かつ、上下調節可能、かつ、覆土板４２の取付角度を変更可能としている。   The cover portion 40 includes a support rod 41 and a cover plate 42, the upper end of the support rod 41 is attached to the mounting bar 27, and the cover plate 42 is attached to the lower end of the support rod 41 so as to be rotatable or non-rotatable. A mounting portion is formed between the upper portion of the support rod 41 and the mounting bar 27 in the same manner as the soil discharging portion 30. The mounting portion can adjust the horizontal position of the support rod 41 and can be adjusted up and down. The mounting angle of the plate 42 can be changed.

該覆土板４２は前記排土板３２よりも後方（または、前方、または前後同等位置）、かつ、下方、かつ、内側（機体中央側）で、覆土板４２の下端は前記溝成形板２１の下端とほぼ同じ高さとなるように取り付けられる。排土板３２の左右位置は後述する鎮圧ローラ５２の左右両側端近傍としている。そして、覆土板４２・４２の面は前斜め内方向を向くように取り付けられる。つまり、前記排土板３２・３２とは左右逆方向を向くように、即ち、平面視で進行方向に向かって略Ｖ字状に取り付けられて、土を内側に崩すようにしている。   The cover plate 42 is located behind (or forward or front and rear equivalent positions), below and inside (the center of the machine body) from the soil discharge plate 32, and the lower end of the cover plate 42 is the groove forming plate 21. It is attached so that it is almost the same height as the lower end. The left and right positions of the earth removing plate 32 are set in the vicinity of both left and right ends of the pressure-reducing roller 52 described later. And the surface of the covering boards 42 and 42 is attached so that it may face the front diagonally inward direction. That is, it is attached in a substantially V shape toward the traveling direction in plan view so as to face the left and right reverse directions with respect to the earth discharging plates 32 and 32 so as to break the soil inward.

前記鎮圧部５０はローラ枠５１と鎮圧ローラ５２からなり、ローラ枠５１は後面視で略逆Ｕ字状として、左右中央が前記後部フレーム２６の後端に固定され、ローラ枠５１の左右後端に鎮圧ローラ５２のローラ軸５２ａを回転自在に支持している。
鎮圧ローラ５２は円筒状に構成して、鎮圧ローラ５２の下端は前記溝成形板２１の下端とほぼ一致させ、鎮圧ローラ５２の幅は前記溝成形板２１の後部の幅よりも内側となるようにしている。 The pressure-reducing portion 50 includes a roller frame 51 and a pressure-reducing roller 52. The roller frame 51 has a substantially inverted U shape when viewed from the rear, and the right and left center is fixed to the rear end of the rear frame 26. Further, the roller shaft 52a of the pressure reducing roller 52 is rotatably supported.
The pressure reducing roller 52 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the lower end of the pressure reducing roller 52 is substantially coincident with the lower end of the groove forming plate 21 so that the width of the pressure reducing roller 52 is inside the width of the rear portion of the groove forming plate 21. I have to.

このような構成において、トラクタによりサトウキビ移植機１を牽引しながら植付作業を行うと、図３（ａ）に示すように、作溝部２０の溝成形板２１と下作溝器２２によって略逆台形状の溝２と、サブソイラ２３によって溝２底面２ａ中央に耕盤の破砕が行われて排水溝３が成形され、溝２の上部両側には、溝成形板２１により押し退けた土が盛り上げられた盛土２ｂ・２ｂが形成される。   In such a configuration, when the planting operation is performed while the sugarcane transplanter 1 is pulled by the tractor, the groove forming plate 21 of the groove forming portion 20 and the lower groove forming device 22 are substantially reversed as shown in FIG. The trapezoidal groove 2 and the subsoiler 23 crush the tiller at the center of the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 to form the drainage groove 3, and the soil pushed away by the groove forming plate 21 is raised on both sides of the upper part of the groove 2. The embankments 2b and 2b are formed.

一方、作業者は脱葉した全茎のサトウキビ苗を供給口１７に投入すると、切断部１８により所定長さに切断されて下方へ種キビ４が落下し、ガイド部６０にガイドされて、進行方向と同方向に整列され、図３（ｂ）のように、溝２の底面２ａ上で排水溝３の左右両側に種キビ４が載置される。その後、種キビ４の周囲に肥料が落下され、図３（ｃ）に示すように、排土板３２により溝２側部に盛り上げられた盛土２ｂ・２ｂを外側方へ押し除け、覆土板４２により溝２側面の土を中央側へ寄せて種キビ４上に土を被せ、鎮圧ローラ５２によりその上面を鎮圧する。   On the other hand, when the worker puts the defoliated whole-stem sugarcane seedling into the supply port 17, it is cut to a predetermined length by the cutting unit 18, and the seed millet 4 falls downward, and is guided by the guide unit 60 to advance. The seed millet 4 is placed on the left and right sides of the drainage groove 3 on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the fertilizer is dropped around the seed millet 4 and, as shown in FIG. 3C, the embankments 2b and 2b raised on the side of the groove 2 by the earth removal plate 32 are pushed away outward, and the covering plate 42 Thus, the soil on the side surface of the groove 2 is moved toward the center, and the seed mill 4 is covered with the soil.

なお、前記下作溝器２２の構成では、底面が水平面となっていたために、種キビ４が溝２の底面２ａに落下した時に中央付近に転がり、接近してしまうと、根が伸びたときに集中して絡み合い成長不良の原因となったり、排水溝３内に入り込み水分過多で腐ったりするおそれがあった。そこで、図５（ａ）（ｂ）に示すように、正面視において下面の左右中央が上方に少し高くなる傾斜面とするとともに、側面視において、前側が少し上がる傾斜面とすることもできる。つまり、前記作溝部２０は、溝成形板２１と下作溝器２２を備え、該下作溝器２２の底面は、左右中央が高くなる正面断面視逆Ｖ字状に形成することができる。このように構成することで、作溝して溝２を形成した後の断面形状は、図５（ｃ）に示すような略Ｗ状に形成される。こうして、切断部１８で切断した後の種キビ４が溝２の底面２ａに落下すると、底面の傾斜により種キビ４は左右両側へ転がり、種キビ同士は互いに離間し、排水溝３に入ることがなくなり、発芽不良や成長不良が発生することをなくすことができるようになる。   In the construction of the lower groover 22, the bottom surface is a horizontal surface, so when the seed millet 4 falls to the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 and rolls near the center and approaches, There is a risk that it will be entangled and cause entanglement and poor growth, or it may enter into the drainage groove 3 and decay due to excessive moisture. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, an inclined surface in which the left and right centers of the lower surface are slightly raised upward in a front view, and an inclined surface in which the front side is slightly raised in a side view can be used. That is, the groove forming portion 20 includes a groove forming plate 21 and a lower groove forming device 22, and the bottom surface of the lower groove forming device 22 can be formed in an inverted V shape in front sectional view in which the left and right center is increased. With this configuration, the cross-sectional shape after forming the groove 2 by forming the groove is formed in a substantially W shape as shown in FIG. Thus, when the seed mill 4 cut by the cutting part 18 falls on the bottom surface 2 a of the groove 2, the seed mill 4 rolls to the left and right sides due to the inclination of the bottom surface, and the seed mills are separated from each other and enter the drainage groove 3. This eliminates the occurrence of poor germination and poor growth.

そして、種キビ４は溝２の底面２ａの一定深さ位置に埋められ、溝２上側部の盛り上った盛土２ｂは退けられるため、崩れ落ちて種キビ４が深くなることがなく、一定の深さに維持される。従来は、盛り上がった盛土２ｂが落下して埋めることになり植付深さが不均一となり、浅すぎると根の張りが悪くなり、深すぎると発芽時期が遅れて雑草等の被害により成長を悪化させることとなっていた。
そして、植えられた種キビ４の側部には排水溝３が形成されているため、排水溝３より排水されて水が溜まることがなく、種キビ４が腐ることも防止できるようになった。
但し、前述のように構成したサトウキビ移植機１は、トラクタで牽引することなく、自走式であってもかまわない。また、作溝部２０の前方に破砕ロータを配置してもよく、ロータリ耕耘装置の後部にサトウキビ移植機１を装着する構成であってもよい。また、本実施形態では２条植えとしているが、１条植えであってもよく、溝２の底面２ａの排水溝３の側部に種キビが植え付けられる構成であればよい。 And the seed millet 4 is buried at a fixed depth position on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, and the embankment 2b raised on the upper part of the groove 2 is rejected, so that the seed millet 4 does not fall down and the seed millet 4 does not deepen. Maintained at depth. Conventionally, the raised embankment 2b falls and fills, and the planting depth becomes uneven. If it is too shallow, the rooting becomes worse. I was supposed to let you.
And since the drainage groove 3 is formed in the side part of the planted seed millet 4, the drainage from the drainage groove 3 does not collect water, and it can prevent the seed millet 4 from rotting. .
However, the sugarcane transplanter 1 configured as described above may be self-propelled without being pulled by the tractor. Moreover, the crushing rotor may be arrange | positioned ahead of the groove production part 20, and the structure which mounts the sugarcane transplanter 1 in the rear part of a rotary tillage apparatus may be sufficient. Moreover, although it is set as 2 row planting in this embodiment, 1 row planting may be sufficient and the seed millet should just be planted in the side part of the drainage groove 3 of the bottom face 2a of the groove | channel 2.

このように植え付けられた種キビ４は、節部分に芽があり、図４（ａ）に示すように、この芽が成長して側枝が発生し２次、３次の側枝が成長する。成長後に所定高さで刈り取られて収穫される。残った株は、所定の株高さで切断されて株揃えが行われる。この株揃えにより芽出し位置が地面に近くなる。同時に根切りが行われて根切りにより古い根が切断され新根の発生を促す。１年目の栽培期間中には、溝２両側の土が株側に寄せられ、根張りを促進させる。翌年には、図４（ｂ）に示すように、この古株から芽が出て収穫量を増大させることができる。そして、更に成長して収穫すると、前年と同様に株揃えと根切りと培土が行われる。３年目も同様に株揃えと根切りと培土が行われ収穫量を増大させ収穫が行われる。４年目には、古株が掘り起こされて、前述のような、移植作業が行われ、以上が繰り返される。   The seed millet 4 planted in this way has a bud at the node portion, and as shown in FIG. 4A, this bud grows to generate a side branch, and secondary and tertiary side branches grow. Harvested at a predetermined height after growing. The remaining stock is cut at a predetermined stock height and stock selection is performed. This stock arrangement brings the budding position closer to the ground. At the same time, root cutting is performed, and old roots are cut by root cutting to promote the generation of new roots. During the cultivation period of the first year, the soil on both sides of the groove 2 is brought to the stock side to promote rooting. In the following year, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), buds emerge from this old stock and the yield can be increased. And when it grows further and harvests, stock preparation, root cutting and soil cultivation are performed as in the previous year. In the third year as well, stock selection, root cutting and cultivating are performed to increase the yield and harvest. In the fourth year, old stocks are dug up, the transplanting operation as described above is performed, and the above is repeated.

以上のように、メインフレーム１３の下部前方に設けられ、前進されるに伴い底面が略平坦な溝２を形成する作溝部２０と、作溝部２０の底面に配設され、前進に伴い前記溝２底面２ａに排水溝３を形成するサブソイラ２３と、前記サトウキビ苗を切断して種キビ４を作成する切断部１８と、前記切断部１８から底面２ａ上で前記排水溝３の近傍に種キビ４を落下させるガイド部６０と、前記底面２ａ上の種キビ４に覆土する覆土部４０と、前記覆土部４０による覆土後に、溝２を鎮圧する鎮圧部５０を備えるサトウキビ移植機１によれば、圃場に断面視逆台形状の溝２が形成され、該溝２の底面２ａに排水溝３が更に深く形成され、該排水溝３近傍の溝２の底面２ａに種キビ４を載置した後に、溝２を覆土し、その覆土後の上面を鎮圧するので、深い位置に種キビ４が移植されることになり、根が張る領域が拡大されて、強い根を多く育成でき、収穫後に、株が上がり生育が悪くなることを防止でき、欠株もなくすことができ、増収にもつながる。また、溝２の底面２ａには更に深い排水溝３が形成されるので、排水性が向上し、深く植えられても水が溜まることがなく、生育不良が生じることがない。   As described above, the groove 20 is provided in front of the lower portion of the main frame 13 and forms a groove 2 having a substantially flat bottom surface as it is advanced. 2 Subsoiler 23 for forming drainage groove 3 on bottom surface 2a, cutting part 18 for cutting seeds 4 by cutting sugarcane seedlings, seed millet in the vicinity of drainage groove 3 on bottom surface 2a from cutting part 18 According to the sugarcane transplanting machine 1, which includes a guide unit 60 for dropping 4, a covering unit 40 for covering the seed mill 4 on the bottom surface 2 a, and a pressing unit 50 for pressing the groove 2 after covering with the covering unit 40. A groove 2 having an inverted trapezoidal shape in cross section is formed in the field, a drainage groove 3 is formed deeper on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, and seed millet 4 is placed on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 near the drainage groove 3 Later, the groove 2 is covered with soil, and the upper surface after the soil covering is pressed down. The seed millet 4 will be transplanted in a deep position, the area where the roots grow will be expanded, and a lot of strong roots can be cultivated. Can be eliminated, leading to higher sales. Further, since the deeper drainage groove 3 is formed on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, drainage is improved, water does not accumulate even when planted deeply, and growth failure does not occur.

また、前記作溝部２０の前進により溝２の左右両側近傍に盛り上がった盛土２ｂを、前進に伴い溝２から離れる方向に排出する排土板３２を備え、該排土板３２により、前記溝２の両側部上に盛り上がる盛土２ｂを覆土する前に外側へ排土できるので、覆土板４２が前進により溝２を通過する時に、盛り上がった盛土２ｂを溝２内に落として、余分な量の土を被せることがなく、均一な厚さで種キビ４上に土を被せることができる。   In addition, a bank 2 is provided for discharging the embankment 2b raised in the vicinity of the left and right sides of the groove 2 by the advancement of the groove forming portion 20 in a direction away from the groove 2 with the advancement. Since the embankment 2b can be discharged to the outside before covering the embankment 2b that rises on both sides of the earth, when the covering plate 42 passes through the groove 2 by advancing, the raised embankment 2b is dropped into the groove 2 and an excessive amount of soil is removed. The soil can be covered on the seed millet 4 with a uniform thickness.

１ サトウキビ移植機
２ 溝
２ａ 底面
３ 排水溝
４ 種キビ
１８ 切断部
２０ 作溝部
２３ サブソイラ
３０ 排土部
４０ 覆土部
５０ 鎮圧部
６０ ガイド部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sugar cane transplanting machine 2 Groove 2a Bottom face 3 Drainage groove 4 Type millet 18 Cutting part 20 Groove part 23 Subsoiler 30 Draining part 40 Covering part 50 Pressure reducing part 60 Guide part

Claims (3)

メインフレームの下部前方に設けられ、前進に伴い溝を形成する作溝部と、
作溝部の底面に配設され、前進に伴い前記溝底面に排水溝を形成するサブソイラと、
前記サトウキビ苗を切断して種キビを作成する切断部と、
前記切断部から底面上で前記排水溝の近傍に種キビを落下させるガイド部と、
前記底面上の種キビに覆土する覆土部と、
前記覆土部による覆土後に、溝を鎮圧する鎮圧部を備えることを特徴とするサトウキビ移植機。 A groove forming portion that is provided at the lower front of the main frame and that forms a groove with advancement;
A subsoiler that is disposed on the bottom surface of the groove forming portion and forms a drainage groove on the bottom surface of the groove as it advances,
A cutting section for cutting the sugarcane seedling to create seed millet,
A guide part for dropping seed millet in the vicinity of the drainage groove on the bottom surface from the cutting part;
A soil covering portion covering the seed millet on the bottom surface;
A sugarcane transplanting machine, comprising: a crushing portion that crushes the groove after covering with the soil covering portion. 前記作溝部の前進により溝の左右両側近傍に盛り上がった土を、前進に伴い溝から離れる方向に排出する排土板を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のサトウキビ移植機。   The sugarcane transplanter according to claim 1, further comprising a soil discharging plate that discharges the soil that has risen in the vicinity of the left and right sides of the groove due to advancement of the groove forming portion in a direction away from the groove with advancement. 前記作溝部は、溝成形板と下作溝器を備え、該下作溝器の底面は、左右中央が高くなる正面断面視逆Ｖ字状に形成されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のサトウキビ移植機。   The groove forming part includes a groove forming plate and a lower groove forming device, and a bottom surface of the lower groove forming device is formed in an inverted V shape in a front sectional view in which a left and right center is increased. The described sugarcane transplanter.
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