JP2017095905A - Timbering structure and timbering method for structure - Google Patents
Timbering structure and timbering method for structure Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、構造物の支保構造及び支保方法に関し、詳しくは、地震などによって急速な変動が発生したときには構造物の横方向変位を抑制し、かつ、土留め壁の変位などによる緩速な変動が構造物に伝達されることを抑制する技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a support structure and a support method for a structure, and more specifically, when a rapid change occurs due to an earthquake or the like, a lateral change of the structure is suppressed, and a slow change caused by a displacement of a retaining wall or the like. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
特許文献１には、アンダーピニングにおいて、既設構造物とその下方に位置し既設構造物の荷重を受け替える構造物との間にジャッキを配置する一方、既設構造物の鉛直位置をジャッキの支持点で計測すると共にジャッキが負担している荷重を支持荷重として計測し、これらの計測結果に基づきジャッキを調整する、アンダーピニングにおけるジャッキ制御方法が開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, in underpinning, a jack is disposed between an existing structure and a structure that is positioned below and replaces the load of the existing structure, while the vertical position of the existing structure is defined as a support point of the jack. A jack control method in underpinning is disclosed in which a load measured by the jack is measured as a support load, and the jack is adjusted based on the measurement results.
ところで、既設構造物の地下に地下鉄や道路などを構築するアンダーピニング工法において、土留め壁で囲まれる底面に既設構造物が立設する状態で、既設構造物に対し横方向荷重が急速に加わると、掘削した地面から既設構造物までの高さが高いため、既設構造物の横方向の変位（横振れ）が通常よりも大きくなる。
例えば既設構造物が電車の軌道である場合に、地震発生や軌道を走行する列車の制動、動揺などによって、軌道に横方向荷重が急速に加わると、軌道が許容レベルを超えて横方向に変位する可能性がある。
ここで、既設構造物又は既設構造物を支持する支柱などの基礎構造物（既設基礎又は仮受基礎）を、鋼材などの連結部材で土留め壁と連結すれば、横方向荷重が急速に加わったときの既設構造物の横方向変位（地山に対する既設構造物の相対振動）を抑制できる。
By the way, in the underpinning method for constructing a subway or road under the existing structure, a lateral load is rapidly applied to the existing structure with the existing structure standing on the bottom surface surrounded by the retaining wall. And, since the height from the excavated ground to the existing structure is high, the displacement (lateral runout) in the lateral direction of the existing structure becomes larger than usual.
For example, when an existing structure is a train track, if a lateral load is rapidly applied to the track due to an earthquake, braking or shaking of the train traveling on the track, the track will be displaced laterally beyond the allowable level. there's a possibility that.
Here, if the existing structure or a foundation structure such as a support supporting the existing structure (existing foundation or provisional foundation) is connected to the retaining wall with a connecting member such as steel, a lateral load is rapidly applied. It is possible to suppress the lateral displacement of the existing structure (relative vibration of the existing structure with respect to the natural ground).
しかし、既設構造物又は基礎構造物と土留め壁とを連結させた場合、土留め壁が徐々に傾いたり連結部材が温度変化に応じて伸縮したりすると、係る緩速な荷重変化が連結部材を介して既設構造物又は基礎構造物に伝達され、既設構造物が横方向に変位してしまうという問題が発生する。
つまり、アンダーピニング工法において土留め壁で囲まれる底面に既設構造物が立設する状態では、地震などによって横方向荷重が急速に加わるときには既設構造物の横方向変位を抑制する一方で、土留め壁の傾きなどによる緩速な荷重変化は既設構造物に伝達しないようにすることが要求される。換言すれば、既設構造物に直接的に作用する急速な荷重変化による横方向変位は、構造物と土留め壁とを連結することで抑制できるが、連結部材を介して土留め壁の傾きなどによる緩速な荷重変化が既設構造物に作用することを抑制することが要求される。
However, when the existing structure or foundation structure and the retaining wall are connected, if the retaining wall gradually tilts or the connecting member expands or contracts according to the temperature change, such a slow load change is caused by the connecting member. It is transmitted to the existing structure or the foundation structure via the and the problem that the existing structure is displaced laterally occurs.
In other words, when the existing structure is erected on the bottom surface surrounded by the retaining wall in the underpinning method, the lateral displacement of the existing structure is suppressed when a lateral load is rapidly applied due to an earthquake or the like. It is required not to transmit a slow load change due to wall inclination to the existing structure. In other words, lateral displacement due to rapid load changes that act directly on the existing structure can be suppressed by connecting the structure and the retaining wall, but the inclination of the retaining wall via the connecting member, etc. It is required to suppress the slow load change caused by the action on the existing structure.
ここで、土留め壁の傾きなどによって連結部材を介して既設構造物又は基礎構造物に伝達する緩速な荷重変化は、例えば、油圧ジャッキを介して土留め壁と既設構造物又は基礎構造物とを連結させるようにし、油圧ジャッキのストローク量を調整することで、既設構造物側に伝達することを抑制できる。
しかし、油圧ジャッキのストローク量を外気温度の変化や土留め壁の傾きなどに応じて適切に調整するには多くの管理手間を要し、また、管理ミス、調整ミスなどによって既設構造物又は基礎構造物に加わる荷重が大きくなってしまう場合がある。
Here, the slow load change transmitted to the existing structure or the foundation structure via the connecting member due to the inclination of the earth retaining wall is, for example, the earth retaining wall and the existing structure or the foundation structure via the hydraulic jack. , And adjusting the stroke amount of the hydraulic jack can suppress transmission to the existing structure side.
However, it takes a lot of management effort to properly adjust the stroke amount of the hydraulic jack according to changes in the outside air temperature and the inclination of the retaining wall, etc. The load applied to the structure may increase.
そこで、本願発明は、管理手間を要することなく、地震などによって横方向荷重が急速に加わるときには、土留め壁で囲まれる底面に立設する構造物の横方向変位を抑制でき、かつ、土留め壁の変位などによる緩速な荷重変化が前記構造物に伝達されることを抑制できる、構造物の支保構造及び支保方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention can suppress the lateral displacement of the structure standing on the bottom surface surrounded by the earth retaining wall when a lateral load is rapidly applied due to an earthquake or the like without requiring a management effort, and the earth retaining It is an object of the present invention to provide a support structure and a support method for a structure that can prevent a slow load change due to wall displacement or the like from being transmitted to the structure.
そのため、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造は、その一態様として、土留め壁で囲まれる底面に立設する構造物の支保構造であって、シリンダにおける液体の給排によって伸縮し前記シリンダからの液体の排出経路に絞り部を有する伸縮機構を介して前記土留め壁と前記構造物とを連結する連結部材を有する。
また、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造は、その一態様として、前記連結部材は、前記構造物を挟んで両側に配置される。
Therefore, the structure support structure according to the present invention is, as one aspect, a structure support structure erected on the bottom surface surrounded by the earth retaining wall, which expands and contracts by supplying and discharging liquid in the cylinder. A connecting member that connects the earth retaining wall and the structure via an expansion / contraction mechanism having a throttle portion in the liquid discharge path.
Moreover, as for the support structure of the structure which concerns on this invention, the said connection member is arrange | positioned on both sides on both sides of the said structure as the one aspect | mode.
また、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造は、その一態様として、前記伸縮機構は、前記前記絞り部と、前記シリンダへの液体の供給経路に設けられ前記シリンダに向かう液体の流れを許容する逆止弁とを並列に有し、縮むときには前記逆止弁が閉じて前記シリンダ内から前記絞り部を通って液体が排出され、伸びるときには前記逆止弁が開いて前記シリンダ内に液体が供給される。
また、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造は、その一態様として、前記絞り部は、前記シリンダ側の圧力が所定値を超えるときに前記排出経路を閉じ、前記シリンダ側の圧力が前記所定値を下回るときに前記排出経路を開く開閉弁を含む。
また、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造は、その一態様として、前記伸縮機構は、液体を貯留する液体タンクを含むタンクユニットと、前記シリンダを有する本体ユニットと、前記タンクユニットと前記本体ユニットとを接続する液体ホースと、を含む。
また、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造は、その一態様として、前記構造物は、アンダーピニング工法における既設構造物又は既設構造物を支持する基礎構造物である。
Moreover, the support structure for a structure according to the present invention has, as one aspect thereof, the expansion and contraction mechanism, which is provided in the throttle portion and a liquid supply path to the cylinder and allows a liquid flow toward the cylinder. A check valve is provided in parallel. When the valve is contracted, the check valve is closed and the liquid is discharged from the cylinder through the throttle portion. When the liquid is extended, the check valve is opened and the liquid is supplied to the cylinder. Is done.
Further, as one aspect of the structure support structure according to the present invention, the throttle portion closes the discharge path when the pressure on the cylinder side exceeds a predetermined value, and the pressure on the cylinder side is the predetermined value. And an on-off valve that opens the discharge path when the pressure is below.
Further, the structure support structure according to the present invention includes, as an aspect thereof, the expansion and contraction mechanism includes a tank unit including a liquid tank that stores liquid, a main body unit having the cylinder, the tank unit, and the main body unit. And a liquid hose for connecting.
Moreover, as for the support structure of the structure which concerns on this invention, the said structure is a foundation structure which supports the existing structure in an underpinning construction method, or an existing structure as the one aspect | mode.
一方、本発明に係る構造物の支保方法は、その一態様として、土留め壁で囲まれる底面に立設する構造物の支保方法であって、シリンダにおける液体の給排によって伸縮し前記シリンダからの液体の排出経路に絞り部を有する伸縮機構を介して前記土留め壁と前記構造物とを連結し、前記伸縮機構に加わる荷重が急速に変化するときに前記伸縮機構により縮み方向の抵抗を発生させ、前記伸縮機構に加わる荷重が緩速に変化するときに前記伸縮機構を追従して伸縮させる。
また、本発明に係る構造物の支保方法は、その一態様として、前記伸縮機構は、液体を貯留する液体タンクを含むタンクユニットと、前記シリンダを有する本体ユニットと、前記タンクユニットと前記本体ユニットとを接続する液体ホースと、を含み、前記タンクユニットを前記本体ユニットよりも上方である前記土留め壁上部の地上面に設置し、前記液体ホースを介して前記液体タンクと前記シリンダとの間で液体を移送させる。
On the other hand, the structure supporting method according to the present invention is, as one aspect, a structure supporting method erected on the bottom surface surrounded by the earth retaining wall, which expands and contracts by supplying and discharging liquid in the cylinder. The retaining wall and the structure are connected to each other via an expansion / contraction mechanism having a constricted portion in the liquid discharge path, and when the load applied to the expansion / contraction mechanism changes rapidly, the expansion / contraction mechanism reduces the resistance in the contraction direction. When the load applied to the expansion / contraction mechanism changes slowly, the expansion / contraction mechanism follows and expands / contracts.
Moreover, the structure supporting method according to the present invention includes, as one aspect thereof, the expansion and contraction mechanism includes a tank unit including a liquid tank that stores liquid, a main body unit including the cylinder, the tank unit, and the main body unit. A liquid hose connecting the tank unit to the ground surface above the retaining wall, which is above the main body unit, and between the liquid tank and the cylinder via the liquid hose. To transfer the liquid.
本発明によると、伸縮機構においてはシリンダから絞り部を通って液体が排出されるため縮み側に抵抗が発生し、地震などによって縮み側の荷重が急速に加わったときに、土留め壁と構造物とが連結部材を介して突っ張り合い、構造物の横方向変位が抑制される。また、土留め壁の傾きなどによって伸縮方向の荷重が徐々に変動する場合には、これに追従して液体が給排されることで、連結部材を介して構造物に荷重が伝達することを抑制できる。 According to the present invention, in the expansion / contraction mechanism, since the liquid is discharged from the cylinder through the throttle portion, resistance is generated on the contraction side, and when the load on the contraction side is rapidly applied due to an earthquake or the like, the retaining wall and the structure The objects are stuck to each other via the connecting member, and the lateral displacement of the structure is suppressed. In addition, when the load in the expansion / contraction direction gradually changes due to the inclination of the earth retaining wall, the liquid is supplied and discharged following this, so that the load is transmitted to the structure through the connecting member. Can be suppressed.
以下では、図面を参照して、本発明に係る構造物の支保構造及び支保方法の実施形態を説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る支保構造の一態様を示す。
Below, with reference to drawings, embodiment of the support structure and support method of a structure concerning the present invention is described.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a support structure according to the present invention.
図１は、既設構造物を仮受して下部に新設構造物をつくるアンダーピニング工法によって、既設構造物としての電車７００の軌道１００の下に別の軌道を新設構造物としてつくる工事において、既設軌道１００を仮受構造物（仮受基礎、基礎構造物）である支柱２００によって仮受した状態の断面図である。
なお、既設軌道１００は、図１の紙面を貫通する方向に延設される。
FIG. 1 shows an example of an existing structure in which another track is created under a track 100 of a train 700 as an existing structure by using an underpinning method in which an existing structure is provisionally received and a new structure is created below. It is sectional drawing of the state which received the track | truck 100 provisionally by the support | pillar 200 which is a provisional receiving structure (temporary receiving foundation, foundation structure).
The existing track 100 is extended in a direction penetrating the paper surface of FIG.
また、図２は、図１に示す連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂ（伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂ）の詳細な構造を示す断面図である。
土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂは、既設構造物である既設軌道１００の下部を掘削するときに地山６５０が崩壊しないように設けた仮設構造物であり、既設軌道１００の左右に対向するようにして設けられる。
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a detailed structure of the connecting members 400a and 400b (extension mechanisms 500a and 500b) shown in FIG.
The earth retaining walls 300 a and 300 b are temporary structures provided so that the natural ground 650 does not collapse when excavating the lower part of the existing track 100 that is an existing structure, and are opposed to the left and right of the existing track 100. Provided.
仮受構造物である支柱２００は、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂで囲まれる掘削底面３００ｃに立設され、上部に既設軌道１００を仮受する。
支柱２００によって既設軌道１００を仮受している状態で、地震や既設軌道１００を走行する列車の制動、動揺などによって既設軌道１００に対し横方向荷重が急速に加わると、掘削底面３００ｃから既設軌道１００までの高さが高いため、既設軌道１００の横方向変位が大きくなる。
The support column 200, which is a temporary receiving structure, is erected on the excavation bottom surface 300c surrounded by the retaining walls 300a and 300b, and temporarily receives the existing track 100 at the upper part.
In a state where the existing track 100 is temporarily received by the support column 200, when a lateral load is rapidly applied to the existing track 100 due to an earthquake or braking or shaking of a train traveling on the existing track 100, the existing track from the excavation bottom surface 300c. Since the height up to 100 is high, the lateral displacement of the existing track 100 increases.
そこで、地震や既設軌道１００を走行する列車などによる既設軌道１００の横方向変位を抑制するために、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００とを、掘削底面３００ｃから所定の高さ位置で連結する連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを、既設軌道１００の延設方向に沿って所定間隔毎に設けてある。
連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂはＨ型鋼などの鋼材で形成され、連結部材４００ａは、土留め壁３００ａと土留め壁３００ａ側の支柱２００ａとを連結し、連結部材４００ｂは、土留め壁３００ｂと土留め壁３００ｂ側の支柱２００ｂとを連結する。つまり、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂは、支柱（仮受構造物）２００を挟んで左右両側に配置され、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂは略同軸上に延びるようにして設けられる。
Therefore, in order to suppress lateral displacement of the existing track 100 due to an earthquake or a train traveling on the existing track 100, the earth retaining walls 300a, 300b and the support column 200 are connected at a predetermined height position from the excavation bottom surface 300c. The connecting members 400 a and 400 b are provided at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the existing track 100.
The connecting members 400a and 400b are formed of a steel material such as H-shaped steel, the connecting member 400a connects the earth retaining wall 300a and the column 200a on the earth retaining wall 300a side, and the connecting member 400b is an earth retaining wall 300b and the earth retaining wall. The support column 200b on the wall 300b side is connected. That is, the connecting members 400a and 400b are arranged on both the left and right sides with the support column (temporary receiving structure) 200 interposed therebetween, and the connecting members 400a and 400b are provided so as to extend substantially coaxially.
連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂの両端は、ボルトナット７５０の締め付けなどによって土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂ及び支柱２００ａ，２００ｂに固定されるが、両固定端の間に伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを有している。
伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは、シリンダにおけるオイル（液体、作動液）７８０の給排によって伸縮するオイルシリンダで構成される。
Both ends of the connecting members 400a and 400b are fixed to the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b and the columns 200a and 200b by tightening bolts and nuts 750, etc., and have expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b between both fixed ends.
The expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b are configured by an oil cylinder that expands and contracts by supplying and discharging oil (liquid, hydraulic fluid) 780 in the cylinder.
以下では、図２に基づき伸縮機構５００ａの詳細な構造を説明する。なお、伸縮機構５００ｂも伸縮機構５００ａと同じように構成されるため、伸縮機構５００ｂの詳細な説明は省略する。
伸縮機構５００ａは、タンクユニット５５０、本体ユニット５７０、オイルホース（液体ホース）５９０を含んで構成される。
Below, the detailed structure of the expansion-contraction mechanism 500a is demonstrated based on FIG. In addition, since the expansion-contraction mechanism 500b is comprised similarly to the expansion-contraction mechanism 500a, detailed description of the expansion-contraction mechanism 500b is abbreviate | omitted.
The expansion / contraction mechanism 500a includes a tank unit 550, a main unit 570, and an oil hose (liquid hose) 590.
本体ユニット（オイルシリンダ）５７０は、シリンダ５７１と当該シリンダ５７１に嵌入されるピストン５７２とを有する。
シリンダ５７１は、土留め壁３００ａに一端がボルトナット７５０で固定される第１鋼材４１０ａの他端に、連結部材４００ａの延設方向を軸方向として有底中空部５７１ａが支柱２００ａ側に向けて開口するように固定される。
The main unit (oil cylinder) 570 includes a cylinder 571 and a piston 572 fitted into the cylinder 571.
The cylinder 571 has one end fixed to the retaining wall 300a with a bolt nut 750 and the other end of the first steel material 410a, and the bottomed hollow portion 571a faces the column 200a side with the extending direction of the connecting member 400a as the axial direction. It is fixed to open.
一方、ピストン５７２は、支柱２００ａに一端がボルトナット７５０で固定され第２鋼材４２０ａの他端に、連結部材４００ａの延設方向を軸方向として固定され、円柱状部５７２ａがシリンダ５７１の有底中空部５７１ａに貫入する。
土留め壁３００ａと支柱２００ａとの間に連結部材４００ａを取り付けた状態で、円柱状部５７２ａの先端と、シリンダ５７１の有底中空部５７１ａの底面とが離間し、かつ、離間距離が所定範囲内になるように、第１鋼材４１０ａ及び第２鋼材４２０ａの長さが設定される。そして、円柱状部５７２ａの先端とシリンダ５７１とで囲まれる空間は、オイル７８０で満たされる圧力室５７３を構成する。
On the other hand, the piston 572 has one end fixed to the support column 200a with a bolt and nut 750 and is fixed to the other end of the second steel member 420a with the extending direction of the connecting member 400a as the axial direction, and the columnar portion 572a has a bottom of the cylinder 571. It penetrates into the hollow part 571a.
In a state where the connecting member 400a is attached between the earth retaining wall 300a and the support column 200a, the tip of the columnar portion 572a and the bottom surface of the bottomed hollow portion 571a of the cylinder 571 are separated, and the separation distance is within a predetermined range. The lengths of the first steel material 410a and the second steel material 420a are set so as to be inside. A space surrounded by the tip of the cylindrical portion 572a and the cylinder 571 constitutes a pressure chamber 573 filled with the oil 780.
なお、本体ユニット５７０の一端が土留め壁３００ａ又は支柱２００ａに直接固定される構成、つまり、シリンダ５７１が直接土留め壁３００ａに固定され、又は、ピストン５７２が直接支柱２００ａに固定される構成とすることができる。
また、図２に示した一態様では、本体ユニット５７０のシリンダ５７１側を土留め壁３００ａ側とし、本体ユニット５７０のピストン５７２側を支柱２００ａ側としたが、シリンダ５７１とピストン５７２との位置関係を図２とは逆にし、本体ユニット５７０のピストン５７２側を土留め壁３００ａ側とし、本体ユニット５７０のシリンダ５７１側を支柱２００ａ側とすることができる。
A configuration in which one end of the main body unit 570 is directly fixed to the retaining wall 300a or the support column 200a, that is, a configuration in which the cylinder 571 is directly fixed to the retaining wall 300a or the piston 572 is directly fixed to the support column 200a. can do.
2, the cylinder 571 side of the main body unit 570 is the retaining wall 300a side, and the piston 572 side of the main body unit 570 is the column 200a side. However, the positional relationship between the cylinder 571 and the piston 572 2, the piston 572 side of the main body unit 570 can be the earth retaining wall 300a side, and the cylinder 571 side of the main body unit 570 can be the pillar 200a side.
シリンダ５７１の有底中空部５７１ａの底面に近い圧力室５７３を囲むボア部５７１ｂには、圧力室５７３と外部との間でオイル７８０の給排を行わせるためのオイル給排口５７１ｃがシリンダ５７１の径方向に沿って開口されている。
オイル給排口５７１ｃの外側の開口端はシリンダ５７１の外周壁から突出する筒状のホース接続部５７１ｄをなし、このホース接続部５７１ｄにオイルホース５９０の一端５９０ａが接続される。
An oil supply / discharge port 571c for supplying and discharging oil 780 between the pressure chamber 573 and the outside is provided in the bore portion 571b surrounding the pressure chamber 573 near the bottom surface of the bottomed hollow portion 571a of the cylinder 571. It is opened along the radial direction.
The open end outside the oil supply / discharge port 571c forms a cylindrical hose connection portion 571d protruding from the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder 571, and one end 590a of the oil hose 590 is connected to the hose connection portion 571d.
そして、オイルホース５９０の他端５９０ｂは、タンクユニット５５０の筐体５５１の下部に突出形成される筒状のホース接続部５５１ａに接続される。
タンクユニット５５０（筐体５５１）は、連結部材４００ａから離れた土留め壁３００ａ上部の地上面６００上に設置され（図１参照）、この地上面６００上に置かれたタンクユニット５５０と連結部材４００ａに設けられる本体ユニット５７０とがオイルホース５９０によって接続され、オイルホース５９０によってタンクユニット５５０と本体ユニット５７０との間でのオイル７８０の移送が行われる。
The other end 590 b of the oil hose 590 is connected to a cylindrical hose connection portion 551 a that is formed to protrude from the lower portion of the casing 551 of the tank unit 550.
The tank unit 550 (housing 551) is installed on the ground surface 600 on the top of the retaining wall 300a away from the connection member 400a (see FIG. 1), and the tank unit 550 and the connection member placed on the ground surface 600. A main body unit 570 provided in 400 a is connected by an oil hose 590, and oil 780 is transferred between the tank unit 550 and the main body unit 570 by the oil hose 590.
筐体５５１内には、オイルタンク（液体タンク）５５４及びオイル７８０の給排を調整する給排調整部５５３が設けられ、更に、オイル通路５５２，５５５が形成されている。
ホース接続部５５１ａは、オイル通路５５２を介して上部の給排調整部５５３に接続され、更に、給排調整部５５３は上部のオイルタンク５５４にオイル通路５５５を介して接続される。
In the housing 551, an oil tank (liquid tank) 554 and a supply / discharge adjustment portion 553 for adjusting supply / discharge of the oil 780 are provided, and oil passages 552 and 555 are further formed.
The hose connection portion 551a is connected to the upper supply / discharge adjustment portion 553 via the oil passage 552, and the supply / discharge adjustment portion 553 is further connected to the upper oil tank 554 via the oil passage 555.
つまり、圧力室５７３内のオイル７８０は、オイル給排口５７１ｃ、ホース接続部５７１ｄ、オイルホース５９０、ホース接続部５５１ａ、オイル通路５５２、給排調整部５５３、オイル通路５５５を経てオイルタンク５５４に戻され、オイルタンク５５４内のオイル７８０は、逆に、オイル通路５５５、給排調整部５５３、オイル通路５５２、ホース接続部５５１ａ、オイルホース５９０、ホース接続部５７１ｄ、オイル給排口５７１ｃを経て圧力室５７３に供給される。 That is, the oil 780 in the pressure chamber 573 is transferred to the oil tank 554 through the oil supply / discharge port 571c, the hose connection portion 571d, the oil hose 590, the hose connection portion 551a, the oil passage 552, the supply / discharge adjustment portion 553, and the oil passage 555. On the contrary, the oil 780 in the oil tank 554 passes through the oil passage 555, the supply / discharge adjustment portion 553, the oil passage 552, the hose connection portion 551a, the oil hose 590, the hose connection portion 571d, and the oil supply / discharge port 571c. The pressure chamber 573 is supplied.
なお、伸縮機構５００ａの設置状態で、圧力室５７３からオイルタンク５５４までの経路はオイル７８０で満たされていて、圧力室５７３よりも上方に給排調整部５５３が位置し、更に給排調整部５５３よりも上方にオイルタンク５５４に位置する。
給排調整部５５３は、オイルタンク５５４からシリンダ５７１に向かうオイルの流れを許容する逆止弁（一方向弁）５５３ａと、シリンダ５７１からオイルタンク５５４へのオイル戻し経路（排出経路）の開口面積を絞る絞り部５５３ｂとを並列に有する。
In the installed state of the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a, the path from the pressure chamber 573 to the oil tank 554 is filled with the oil 780, the supply / discharge adjustment unit 553 is positioned above the pressure chamber 573, and the supply / discharge adjustment unit The oil tank 554 is positioned above the 553.
The supply / discharge adjustment portion 553 includes a check valve (one-way valve) 553a that allows oil to flow from the oil tank 554 toward the cylinder 571, and an opening area of an oil return path (discharge path) from the cylinder 571 to the oil tank 554. And a diaphragm portion 553b for narrowing the aperture.
つまり、オイル通路５５２とオイル通路５５５との間に、逆止弁５５３ａと絞り部５５３ｂとを収容するオイル調整室５５３ｃが形成され、このオイル調整室５５３ｃには、オイルが流れる経路を並列に２つに分けるように仕切り壁５５３ｄを設けてある。
そして、仕切り壁５５３ｄで仕切られる一方側（オイル供給経路）に逆止弁５５３ａを配し、他方側（オイル排出経路）に絞り部５５３ｂを配している。
That is, an oil adjustment chamber 553c that accommodates the check valve 553a and the throttle portion 553b is formed between the oil passage 552 and the oil passage 555. The oil adjustment chamber 553c includes two paths through which oil flows in parallel. A partition wall 553d is provided so as to be divided into two.
A check valve 553a is disposed on one side (oil supply path) partitioned by the partition wall 553d, and a throttle portion 553b is disposed on the other side (oil discharge path).
逆止弁５５３ａは、例えば、ボールバルブ５５３ａ１と、ボールバルブ５５３ａ１が着座する弁座であってオイルタンク５５４に向けて先細りとなる漏斗状に形成される弁座５５３ａ２と、ボールバルブ５５３ａ１を弁座５５３ａ２に着座する方向に付勢するコイルスプリング５５３ａ３とで構成される。
そして、逆止弁５５３ａは、圧力室５７３内の圧力がオイルタンク５５４側の圧力よりも所定以上に低くなると開弁し、オイルタンク５５４に貯留されているオイル７８０は、逆止弁５５３ａを通過して圧力室５７３に供給される。
The check valve 553a includes, for example, a ball valve 553a1, a valve seat on which the ball valve 553a1 is seated, a valve seat 553a2 formed in a funnel shape that tapers toward the oil tank 554, and a ball valve 553a1. And a coil spring 553a3 biased in the direction of seating on 553a2.
The check valve 553a opens when the pressure in the pressure chamber 573 becomes lower than the pressure on the oil tank 554 side by a predetermined level or more, and the oil 780 stored in the oil tank 554 passes through the check valve 553a. Then, it is supplied to the pressure chamber 573.
つまり、伸縮機構５００ａを伸ばす方向（圧力室５７３の容積を拡大させる方向、シリンダ５７１とピストン５７２とを離間させる方向）の外力が加わったときに、図３に示すように、圧力室５７３内の圧力が低下して逆止弁５５３ａが開き、オイルタンク５５４内に貯留されていたオイル７８０は圧力差によって逆止弁５５３ａを通って圧力室５７３に供給される。
係る圧力室５７３へのオイル供給によって圧力室５７３内の圧力低下が抑制されるため、伸縮機構５００ａが伸びる方向の抵抗は小さくなる。
That is, when an external force is applied in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is extended (the direction in which the volume of the pressure chamber 573 is expanded, the direction in which the cylinder 571 and the piston 572 are separated), as shown in FIG. The pressure decreases and the check valve 553a opens, and the oil 780 stored in the oil tank 554 is supplied to the pressure chamber 573 through the check valve 553a due to the pressure difference.
Since the pressure drop in the pressure chamber 573 is suppressed by the oil supply to the pressure chamber 573, the resistance in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a extends becomes small.
なお、逆止弁５５３ａは、上記の機能を奏するものであればよく、ボールバルブ構造に限定されず、公知の逆止弁を適宜用いることができる。
また、絞り部５５３ｂは、オリフィス板５５３ｂ１で構成されている。但し、絞り部５５３ｂとして、ニードル弁などを設けることができる。
The check valve 553a is not limited to the ball valve structure as long as it exhibits the above function, and a known check valve can be used as appropriate.
Further, the throttle portion 553b is configured by an orifice plate 553b1. However, a needle valve or the like can be provided as the throttle portion 553b.
逆止弁５５３ａは、圧力室５７３からオイルタンク５５４に向かうオイルの流れを遮断するため、圧力室５７３からオイルタンク５５４に向けてのオイル経路（オイル排出経路）は、絞り部５５３ｂを通過する経路に限定される。
これにより、伸縮機構５００ａを縮める方向（圧力室５７３の容積を減少させる方向、シリンダ５７１とピストン５７２とを接近させる方向）の変動が急速に発生したときに、図４に示すように、圧力室５７３内の圧力が急増して圧力室５７３からオイルが押し出されるようになるが、オイル排出経路は絞り部５５３ｂを通過する経路に限定され絞り部５５３ｂが流路抵抗になるため、圧力が逃げ切らずに圧力室５７３を縮めようとする外力に抗する圧力が圧力室５７３に発生する。
Since the check valve 553a blocks the flow of oil from the pressure chamber 573 toward the oil tank 554, an oil path (oil discharge path) from the pressure chamber 573 toward the oil tank 554 passes through the throttle portion 553b. It is limited to.
As a result, when the fluctuation in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is contracted (the direction in which the volume of the pressure chamber 573 is reduced, the direction in which the cylinder 571 and the piston 572 are brought closer) occurs rapidly, as shown in FIG. The pressure in 573 suddenly increases and oil is pushed out from the pressure chamber 573. However, the oil discharge path is limited to a path passing through the throttle section 553b, and the throttle section 553b becomes flow path resistance. Accordingly, a pressure is generated in the pressure chamber 573 against an external force that tends to shrink the pressure chamber 573.
換言すれば、伸縮機構５００ａを縮める方向に急速な変動が発生したときに、伸縮機構５００ａは縮もうとせず、伸縮機構５００ａを介して連結される土留め壁３００ａと支柱２００ａとは突っ張り合うことになる。
一方、伸縮機構５００ａを縮める方向に緩速な変動が発生する場合は、絞り部５５３ｂを介した少量ずつのオイル排出によって圧力室５７３の圧力上昇が抑制されるため、伸縮機構５００ａは、緩速な変動に追従して徐々に縮むことができる。
In other words, when a rapid change occurs in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is contracted, the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a does not contract, and the retaining wall 300a and the support column 200a connected via the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a butt against each other. become.
On the other hand, when a slow fluctuation occurs in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is contracted, the pressure increase in the pressure chamber 573 is suppressed by a small amount of oil discharge through the throttle portion 553b. It can be gradually contracted following the fluctuation.
また、伸縮機構５００ａを伸ばす方向（圧力室５７３の容積を増大させる方向、シリンダ５７１とピストン５７２とを離間させる方向）の変動が発生したときには、変動が急速であっても逆止弁５５３ａが開いて圧力室５７３に対するオイル供給が速やかに行われるため、伸縮機構５００ａは伸び方向において殆ど抵抗を発生することがないように構成してある。
なお、圧力室５７３にオイル排出口とオイル供給口とをそれぞれ個別に開口させ、オイル排出口とオイルタンク５５４とを連通させるオイル排出管（オイル排出経路）と、オイル供給口とオイルタンク５５４とを連通させるオイル供給管（オイル供給経路）とを個別に設け、オイル排出管に絞り部５５３ｂを配設し、オイル供給管に逆止弁５５３ａを配設することができる。
また、オイルタンク５５４と、オイル調整室５５３ｃ（絞り部５５３ｂ及び逆止弁５５３ａ）とを別体に構成し、相互をオイルホースで連通させる構成とすることができる。
上記構成の伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを有した連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂで、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００ａ，２００ｂとを連結した場合の作用効果を以下で説明する。
Further, when a change occurs in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is extended (the direction in which the volume of the pressure chamber 573 is increased, the direction in which the cylinder 571 and the piston 572 are separated), the check valve 553a is opened even if the change is rapid. Therefore, since the oil supply to the pressure chamber 573 is promptly performed, the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is configured to generate almost no resistance in the extending direction.
Note that an oil discharge port and an oil supply port are individually opened in the pressure chamber 573, and an oil discharge pipe (oil discharge path) that connects the oil discharge port and the oil tank 554, an oil supply port and an oil tank 554, And an oil supply pipe (oil supply path) that communicate with each other, a throttle portion 553b is provided in the oil discharge pipe, and a check valve 553a is provided in the oil supply pipe.
In addition, the oil tank 554 and the oil adjustment chamber 553c (throttle portion 553b and check valve 553a) may be configured separately and communicated with each other with an oil hose.
The operational effects when the earth retaining walls 300a, 300b and the columns 200a, 200b are connected by the connecting members 400a, 400b having the expansion mechanisms 500a, 500b having the above-described configuration will be described below.
図１に示した、既設軌道１００が支柱２００で仮受されている状態で、地震や既設軌道１００を走行する列車の挙動などによって、支柱２００が土留め壁３００ａに近づく方向に作用する急速な荷重変化が支柱２００に加わったときに、伸縮機構５００ａには縮み方向の外力（荷重）が急速に加わることになる。
このとき、図４に示すように、伸縮機構５００ａが縮むためのオイル排出が絞り部５５３ｂで制限されることで、圧力が逃げ切らずに圧力室５７３を縮めようとする外力に抗する圧力が圧力室５７３に発生し、土留め壁３００ａと支柱２００ａとは連結部材４００ａを介して突っ張り合うことになり、地盤に対する支柱２００（既設軌道１００）の相対変位（横方向変位）が大きくなることが抑制される。
In the state where the existing track 100 shown in FIG. 1 is temporarily received by the column 200, the column 200 is rapidly applied to the earth wall 300a due to an earthquake or the behavior of a train traveling on the existing track 100. When a load change is applied to the support column 200, an external force (load) in the contraction direction is rapidly applied to the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the oil discharge for contraction of the expansion / contraction mechanism 500a is restricted by the throttle portion 553b, so that the pressure against the external force that tries to contract the pressure chamber 573 without the pressure escaping. Occurring in the pressure chamber 573, the earth retaining wall 300a and the support column 200a will stick together via the connecting member 400a, and the relative displacement (lateral displacement) of the support column 200 (the existing track 100) with respect to the ground may increase. It is suppressed.
上記状態で、伸縮機構５００ｂには伸ばす方向の外力（荷重）が加わることになるが、係る伸び方向の荷重が加わったときには、逆止弁５５３ａが開いて圧力室５７３へのオイル供給が遂次行われるため、伸縮機構５００ｂは、支柱２００の土留め壁３００ａ側への変位を抑制しない。
次いで、地震などによる揺れの方向が反転し、支柱２００が土留め壁３００ｂに近づく方向に作用する急速な荷重変化が発生すると、伸縮機構５００ｂが縮もうとしないことで、土留め壁３００ｂと支柱２００ｂとは連結部材４００ｂを介して突っ張り合うことになり、地盤に対する支柱２００（既設軌道１００）の相対変位（横方向変位）が大きくなることが抑制される。
In the above state, an external force (load) in the extending direction is applied to the expansion / contraction mechanism 500b. However, when the load in the extending direction is applied, the check valve 553a is opened and the oil supply to the pressure chamber 573 is successively performed. Therefore, the expansion / contraction mechanism 500b does not suppress the displacement of the support column 200 toward the retaining wall 300a.
Next, when the direction of shaking due to an earthquake or the like reverses and a rapid load change occurs in a direction in which the support column 200 approaches the retaining wall 300b, the expansion and contraction mechanism 500b does not try to contract, so the retaining wall 300b and the support column 200b is urged through the connecting member 400b, and an increase in the relative displacement (lateral displacement) of the column 200 (existing track 100) with respect to the ground is suppressed.
つまり、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを有した連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂで土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００ａ，２００ｂとを連結したことで、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを備えない連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂ（鋼材）で土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００ａ，２００ｂとを連結した場合と同様に、地震などによって急速な変動が発生した場合は既設軌道１００が横方向に変位することを防止できる。
換言すれば、地震などによる急速な変動が発生したときに、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂが縮もうとせずに土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００ａ，２００ｂとが突っ張り合うように、絞り部５５３ｂの圧力損失（開口面積）を設定してある。
That is, by connecting the earth retaining walls 300a, 300b and the support columns 200a, 200b with the connection members 400a, 400b having the expansion mechanisms 500a, 500b, the connection members 400a, 400b (steel materials) not including the expansion mechanisms 500a, 500b. As in the case where the earth retaining walls 300a, 300b and the columns 200a, 200b are connected to each other, it is possible to prevent the existing track 100 from being displaced laterally when a rapid change occurs due to an earthquake or the like.
In other words, when a rapid fluctuation due to an earthquake or the like occurs, the pressure of the restricting portion 553b is such that the earth retaining walls 300a, 300b and the columns 200a, 200b are stuck against each other without the expansion mechanisms 500a, 500b trying to contract. Loss (opening area) is set.
また、地震などによる揺れの方向が反転した場合、それまで縮み方向に外力が作用していた伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂに伸び方向の外力が作用することになるが、このときには、図３に示すように、逆止弁５５３ａが開いて伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂの伸びを許容するから、伸び側の抵抗が発生することで、支柱２００に加わる荷重の変動周期と支柱２００の横方向変位の周期とがずれ、横方向変位が大きくなることを抑制できる。 In addition, when the direction of shaking due to an earthquake or the like is reversed, the external force in the extending direction is applied to the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b that had been applied in the contracting direction until then, as shown in FIG. In addition, since the check valve 553a opens to allow the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b to extend, the expansion-side resistance is generated, so that the fluctuation cycle of the load applied to the column 200 and the cycle of the lateral displacement of the column 200 are reduced. Deviation and lateral displacement can be suppressed from increasing.
一方、両土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂが例えば支柱２００側に向けて徐々に傾くような変位が発生するときには、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを縮めようとする荷重が作用することになるが、係る荷重変化の速度は遅いため、これに連動するように圧力室５７３からオイルを逐次排出させることができ、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きに追従して伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂが縮まり、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きによる圧力が連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを介して支柱２００（既設軌道１００）に伝達されることを抑制できる。 On the other hand, when a displacement occurs so that the both retaining walls 300a and 300b are gradually inclined toward the support column 200, for example, a load for contracting the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b is applied. Therefore, the oil can be sequentially discharged from the pressure chamber 573 in conjunction with this, and the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b are contracted following the inclination of the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b. It can suppress that the pressure by the inclination of 300b is transmitted to the support | pillar 200 (existing track | orbit 100) via connection member 400a, 400b.
つまり、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂが徐々に傾く場合のような緩速な変動が発生するときには、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂが追従して伸縮して、土留め壁３００ｂの傾き（変位）などによる緩速な変動が連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを介して支柱２００に伝達されないように、絞り部５５３ｂの圧力損失（開口面積）を設定してある。
したがって、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾き量（変位量）が相互に異なっていても、支柱２００（既設軌道１００）が左右のいずれか一方から押されて横方向に変位することを抑制できる。
また、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを構成する鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂは、外気温の変化によって伸び縮みする。
That is, when a slow fluctuation occurs, such as when the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b are gradually inclined, the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b expand and contract to loosen due to the inclination (displacement) of the earth retaining wall 300b. The pressure loss (opening area) of the throttle portion 553b is set so that rapid fluctuations are not transmitted to the support column 200 via the connecting members 400a and 400b.
Therefore, even if the inclination amounts (displacement amounts) of the retaining walls 300a and 300b are different from each other, it is possible to suppress the column 200 (the existing track 100) from being pushed from either the left or right side and displaced in the lateral direction.
Moreover, the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a, and 420b constituting the connecting members 400a and 400b expand and contract due to changes in the outside air temperature.
しかし、外気温度の上昇に伴って鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂが伸びるときには、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを縮める方向に加わる荷重が緩速に変化するため、係る荷重変化に応じて圧力室５７３からオリフィス板５５３ｂ１を通ってオイルが抜け、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂの伸びに連動して徐々に縮む。
また、外気温度の低下に伴って鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂが縮み、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを伸ばす方向の荷重が加わる場合は、逆止弁５５３ａが開いて圧力室５７３にオイルが供給されるため、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂの縮みに連動して徐々に伸びる。
However, when the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a, and 420b extend as the outside air temperature increases, the load applied in the direction of contracting the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b changes slowly, so that from the pressure chamber 573 according to the load change. Oil is released through the orifice plate 553b1, and the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b gradually contract in conjunction with the expansion of the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a, and 420b.
Further, when the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a, 420b contract as the outside air temperature decreases and a load in the direction of extending the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a, 500b is applied, the check valve 553a opens and oil is supplied to the pressure chamber 573. Therefore, the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b are gradually extended in conjunction with the contraction of the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a and 420b.
したがって、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを構成する鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂが外気温の変化によって伸び縮みしても、係る伸縮に伴って支柱２００に荷重が加わることを抑制できる。このため、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂの長さが異なり、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂで温度による伸縮量が異なっても、支柱２００が左右のいずれか一方から押されて既設軌道１００が横方向に変位することを抑制できる。
また、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂにおいて、タンクユニット５５０を本体ユニット５７０（シリンダ）と別体としてオイルホース５９０で接続し、タンクユニット５５０を、土留め壁３００ａ上部の地上面６００上に設置するから、オイル量の確認、オイルの交換、タンクユニット５５０内の清掃などのタンクユニット５５０についてのメンテナンス作業を容易に行える。
Therefore, even if the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a, and 420b constituting the connecting members 400a and 400b expand and contract due to changes in the outside air temperature, it is possible to suppress the load from being applied to the support column 200 along with the expansion and contraction. For this reason, even if the lengths of the connecting members 400a and 400b are different and the amount of expansion / contraction due to temperature differs between the connecting members 400a and 400b, the support column 200 is pushed from either the left or right side, and the existing track 100 is displaced laterally. This can be suppressed.
Further, in the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b, the tank unit 550 is connected to the main unit 570 (cylinder) by an oil hose 590, and the tank unit 550 is installed on the ground surface 600 above the retaining wall 300a. Maintenance work for the tank unit 550 such as confirmation of the amount of oil, replacement of oil, and cleaning of the tank unit 550 can be easily performed.
ここで、タンクユニット５５０とオイルホース５９０とを着脱可能に構成することで、上記のメンテナンス作業がより容易になる。
つまり、タンクユニット５５０からオイルホース５９０を取り外せば、タンクユニット５５０内（オイルタンク５５４、給排調整部５５３）の清掃などが容易に行え、また、タンクユニット５５０に異常が発生したときにタンクユニット５５０のみを交換して本体ユニット５７０をそのまま使用することが可能である。
Here, when the tank unit 550 and the oil hose 590 are configured to be detachable, the maintenance work described above becomes easier.
That is, if the oil hose 590 is removed from the tank unit 550, the inside of the tank unit 550 (the oil tank 554, the supply / discharge adjustment unit 553) can be easily cleaned, and the tank unit 550 can be used when an abnormality occurs. It is possible to use the main unit 570 as it is by exchanging only 550.
次に、給排調整部（絞り部）の構造が図２に例示した構造とは異なる伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂの一態様を図５，６に基づき説明する。なお、図５，６において、図２と同一要素には同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
図５，６において、タンクユニット５５０は、オイルタンク５５４と給排調整部８００とを含んで構成され、給排調整部８００は、オイルタンク５５４と圧力室５７３とを連通させるオイル給排通路５５９の一部を構成する筒状本体８１０と、筒状本体８１０に設けられる絞り部８２０とを有する。
Next, an embodiment of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b in which the structure of the supply / discharge adjustment section (throttle section) is different from the structure illustrated in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the same elements as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
5 and 6, the tank unit 550 includes an oil tank 554 and a supply / discharge adjustment unit 800, and the supply / discharge adjustment unit 800 connects the oil tank 554 and the pressure chamber 573 to each other. The cylindrical main body 810 which comprises a part of this, and the aperture | diaphragm | squeeze part 820 provided in the cylindrical main body 810 are included.
筒状本体８１０のオイルタンク５５４側の端部には、オイルタンク５５４と筒状本体８１０の中空部とを連通させるオイルホース８５０が接続され、筒状本体８１０の本体ユニット５７０側の端部には、圧力室５７３と筒状本体８１０の中空部とを連通させるオイルホース５９０が接続される。
絞り部８２０は、シリンダ５７１側（圧力室５７３）の圧力に応じて動作してオイル給排通路５５９を開閉する開閉弁８３０を含んで構成される。
An oil hose 850 that connects the oil tank 554 and the hollow portion of the cylindrical main body 810 is connected to the end of the cylindrical main body 810 on the oil tank 554 side, and the end of the cylindrical main body 810 on the main unit 570 side is connected. Is connected to an oil hose 590 that allows the pressure chamber 573 to communicate with the hollow portion of the cylindrical main body 810.
The throttle unit 820 includes an on-off valve 830 that operates according to the pressure on the cylinder 571 side (pressure chamber 573) to open and close the oil supply / discharge passage 559.
開閉弁８３０は、オイル給排通路５５９を構成しオイルタンク５５４に向けて先細りとなる漏斗状の弁座部８３１と、弁座部８３１に着座してオイル給排通路５５９を閉じるボールバルブ８３２と、弁座部８３１よりもシリンダ５７１（圧力室５７３）側に固定した第１筒状部材８３３とボールバルブ８３２との間に圧縮状態で設けられ、ボールバルブ８３２を弁座部８３１に向けて付勢する第１コイルスプリング８３４と、弁座部８３１中心に開口するオイル通路８３１ａからオイルタンク５５４に向けて拡径する容積室８３５に遊挿される開弁駒８３６と、開弁駒８３６のフランジ部８３６ａと容積室８３５のオイルタンク５５４側の端部に固定された第２筒状部材８３７との間に圧縮状態で設けられ、開弁駒８３６をオイル通路８３１ａ（弁座部８３１）に向けて付勢する第２コイルスプリング８３８と、を含んで構成される。 The on-off valve 830 constitutes an oil supply / discharge passage 559 and has a funnel-shaped valve seat portion 831 that tapers toward the oil tank 554, and a ball valve 832 that sits on the valve seat portion 831 and closes the oil supply / discharge passage 559. The ball valve 832 is provided in a compressed state between the first cylindrical member 833 fixed to the cylinder 571 (pressure chamber 573) side of the valve seat portion 831 and the ball valve 832, and the ball valve 832 is attached to the valve seat portion 831. A first coil spring 834 that is energized, a valve opening piece 836 that is loosely inserted into a volume chamber 835 that expands from the oil passage 831a that opens to the center of the valve seat portion 831 toward the oil tank 554, and a flange portion of the valve opening piece 836 836a and the second cylindrical member 837 fixed to the end of the volume chamber 835 on the oil tank 554 side in a compressed state, and the valve opening piece 836 is connected to the oil passage 831. Configured to include a second coil spring 838 for urging the (valve seat 831), the.
ここで、開弁駒８３６のフランジ部８３６ａよりも弁座部８３１側となる部分には、オイル通路８３１ａに遊挿される棒状の押圧部８３６ｂが一体的に設けられる。
また、オイル通路８３１ａからオイルタンク５５４に向けて容積室８３５が拡径する漏斗状部８３５ａに、開弁駒８３６のフランジ部８３６ａが当接することで、開弁駒８３６の弁座部８３１側への移動が規制されるよう構成してある。なお、開弁駒８３６のフランジ部８３６ａが漏斗状部８３５ａに当接する状態で、フランジ部８３６ａによってオイル通路８３１ａが閉塞されることがないように、フランジ部８３６ａには、図示を省略した切欠きや開口部が設けられている。
Here, a rod-shaped pressing portion 836b that is loosely inserted into the oil passage 831a is integrally provided at a portion of the valve opening piece 836 that is closer to the valve seat portion 831 than the flange portion 836a.
Further, the flange portion 836a of the valve opening piece 836 comes into contact with the funnel-shaped portion 835a in which the volume chamber 835 expands from the oil passage 831a toward the oil tank 554, so that the valve seat portion 831 side of the valve opening piece 836 is brought into contact. Movement is restricted. The flange portion 836a has a notch (not shown) so that the oil passage 831a is not blocked by the flange portion 836a when the flange portion 836a of the valve opening piece 836 is in contact with the funnel-shaped portion 835a. And an opening is provided.
そして、開弁駒８３６のフランジ部８３６ａが漏斗状部８３５ａに当接する状態で、押圧部８３６ｂがボールバルブ８３２を押して弁座部８３１からボールバルブ８３２が離座し、開閉弁８３０は開弁状態になるよう構成されていて、図５は係る開弁状態を示す。
ここで、第１コイルスプリング８３４がボールバルブ８３２を弁座部８３１に向けて付勢する力よりも、第２コイルスプリング８３８が開弁駒８３６を漏斗状部８３５ａに向けて付勢する力が強くなるように設定してあり、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂが伸び縮みしない定常状態では、開弁駒８３６の押圧部８３６ｂがボールバルブ８３２を押して弁座部８３１からボールバルブ８３２が離座し、開閉弁８３０は開弁状態になる。
Then, in a state where the flange portion 836a of the valve opening piece 836 is in contact with the funnel-shaped portion 835a, the pressing portion 836b pushes the ball valve 832 so that the ball valve 832 is separated from the valve seat portion 831 and the on-off valve 830 is opened. FIG. 5 shows such a valve opening state.
Here, the force by which the second coil spring 838 biases the valve opening piece 836 toward the funnel-shaped portion 835a is greater than the force by which the first coil spring 834 biases the ball valve 832 toward the valve seat portion 831. In a steady state where the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b do not expand and contract, the pressing portion 836b of the valve opening piece 836 pushes the ball valve 832 and the ball valve 832 is separated from the valve seat portion 831 to open and close. The valve 830 is opened.
弁座部８３１からボールバルブ８３２が離座した開閉弁８３０の開弁状態では、ボールバルブ８３２と弁座部８３１との隙間Ｃ１が絞り部８２０として機能し、オイルはこの隙間Ｃ１（絞り部８２０）を介して流れ、圧力室５７３とオイルタンク５５４との間でオイルの給排がなされる。
一方、図６に示すように、弁座部８３１にボールバルブ８３２が着座している開閉弁８３０の閉弁状態、換言すれば、絞り部８２０の遮蔽状態では、オイル通路８３１ａが閉じられてオイルの流れが遮断されるから、圧力室５７３とオイルタンク５５４との間でのオイルの給排は停止される。
In the open state of the on-off valve 830 in which the ball valve 832 is separated from the valve seat portion 831, the gap C1 between the ball valve 832 and the valve seat portion 831 functions as the throttle portion 820, and the oil is the gap C1 (throttle portion 820 ) And the oil is supplied and discharged between the pressure chamber 573 and the oil tank 554.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the closed state of the on-off valve 830 in which the ball valve 832 is seated on the valve seat portion 831, in other words, in the shielded state of the throttle portion 820, the oil passage 831 a is closed and the oil Therefore, the oil supply / discharge between the pressure chamber 573 and the oil tank 554 is stopped.
係る構造を有する給排調整部８００の作用を以下で説明する。
地震や既設軌道１００を走行する列車の挙動などによって、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを縮める方向（圧力室５７３の容積を減少させる方向、シリンダ５７１とピストン５７２とを接近させる方向）の変動が急速に発生したときに、圧力室５７３の圧力が高まってオイルが圧力室５７３から排出されるようになるが、オイル排出経路がボールバルブ８３２と弁座部８３１との隙間Ｃ１で絞られて流路抵抗が発生するため、急な縮み方向の変動に対して圧力が逃げ切らずに圧力室５７３の圧力が増加する。
The operation of the supply / discharge adjustment unit 800 having such a structure will be described below.
Due to an earthquake or the behavior of a train traveling on the existing track 100, the direction in which the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b are contracted (the direction in which the volume of the pressure chamber 573 is reduced, the direction in which the cylinder 571 and the piston 572 are brought closer) rapidly occurs. Then, the pressure in the pressure chamber 573 increases and oil is discharged from the pressure chamber 573. However, the oil discharge path is restricted by the gap C1 between the ball valve 832 and the valve seat portion 831, and the flow path resistance is reduced. Therefore, the pressure in the pressure chamber 573 increases without the pressure completely escaping due to a sudden change in the shrinking direction.
そして、圧力室５７３内の圧力が所定値を超えると、オイル圧力は、第２コイルスプリング８３８の付勢力に抗して開弁駒８３６をオイルタンク５５４に近づく方向に変位させる。
開弁駒８３６がオイルタンク５５４に近づく方向に変位すると、第１コイルスプリング８３４で弁座部８３１に向けて付勢されるボールバルブ８３２が、開弁駒８３６に追従して弁座部８３１に向けて変位し、ボールバルブ８３２は弁座部８３１に着座してオイル通路８３１ａを閉じる（図６参照）。
When the pressure in the pressure chamber 573 exceeds a predetermined value, the oil pressure displaces the valve opening piece 836 toward the oil tank 554 against the urging force of the second coil spring 838.
When the valve opening piece 836 is displaced in a direction approaching the oil tank 554, the ball valve 832 urged toward the valve seat portion 831 by the first coil spring 834 follows the valve opening piece 836 and moves to the valve seat portion 831. The ball valve 832 is seated on the valve seat 831 and closes the oil passage 831a (see FIG. 6).
オイル通路８３１ａが閉じられると、オイルは圧力室５７３内に閉じ込められるから、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂの縮み変位が止まり、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００ａ，２００ｂとは連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを介して突っ張り合うことになり、地盤に対する支柱２００（既設軌道１００）の相対変位（横方向変位）が大きくなることが抑制される。
一方、地震などに伴い伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを伸ばす方向（圧力室５７３の容積を増加させる方向、シリンダ５７１とピストン５７２とを離間させる方向）の変動が急速に発生したときには、圧力室５７３の圧力が低下する。
When the oil passage 831a is closed, the oil is confined in the pressure chamber 573, so that the contraction displacement of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b is stopped, and the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b and the columns 200a and 200b are connected via the connecting members 400a and 400b. Thus, the relative displacement (lateral displacement) of the column 200 (existing track 100) with respect to the ground is suppressed from increasing.
On the other hand, when a change in the direction in which the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b extend (the direction in which the volume of the pressure chamber 573 increases, the direction in which the cylinder 571 and the piston 572 are separated) occurs rapidly due to an earthquake or the like, the pressure in the pressure chamber 573 is increased. Decreases.
伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂが伸びるときの圧力室５７３内の圧力低下は、ボールバルブ８３２を弁座部８３１から離座させる方向に作用するから、開閉弁８３０は開弁状態を保持し、隙間Ｃ１を通ってオイルタンク５５４から圧力室５７３に向けてオイルが供給され、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂの伸び動作が許容される。
つまり、支柱２００の横方向変位は、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００ａ，２００ｂとが連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを介して突っ張り合うことで専ら抑制され、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂの伸びを制限して横方向変位を抑制する作用を縮み側に比べて相対的に弱くしてあり、これにより、支柱２００に加わる荷重の変動周期と支柱２００の横方向変位の周期とがずれ、横方向変位が大きくなることを抑制できるようになっている。
The pressure drop in the pressure chamber 573 when the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b extend acts in a direction in which the ball valve 832 is separated from the valve seat portion 831. Therefore, the on-off valve 830 maintains the valve open state, and the gap C1 is opened. Through this, oil is supplied from the oil tank 554 toward the pressure chamber 573, and the extension operation of the extension mechanisms 500a and 500b is allowed.
In other words, the lateral displacement of the support column 200 is restrained exclusively by the retaining walls 300a, 300b and the support columns 200a, 200b sticking to each other via the connecting members 400a, 400b, limiting the expansion of the expansion mechanisms 500a, 500b. The action of suppressing the lateral displacement is relatively weaker than that of the contraction side, so that the fluctuation cycle of the load applied to the column 200 and the cycle of the lateral displacement of the column 200 are shifted, and the lateral displacement is large. Can be suppressed.
一方、両土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂが例えば支柱２００側に向けて徐々に傾くような変動が発生するときには、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを縮める方向の荷重が作用することになるが、係る荷重変化の速度は遅いため、これに連動するようにオイルは圧力室５７３から隙間Ｃ１を介して逐次排出され、圧力室５７３の圧力上昇が抑制される。
その結果、ボールバルブ８３２は弁座部８３１から離座する開弁状態（図５の状態）を保持し、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きに追従するように徐々に縮む。したがって、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きによる圧力が連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを介して支柱２００（既設軌道１００）に伝達されることを抑制できる。
On the other hand, when a change occurs such that the both retaining walls 300a and 300b are gradually inclined toward the column 200, for example, a load in the direction of contracting the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b acts. Since the speed is low, the oil is sequentially discharged from the pressure chamber 573 through the gap C1 in conjunction with this, and the pressure increase in the pressure chamber 573 is suppressed.
As a result, the ball valve 832 maintains the valve open state (the state shown in FIG. 5) in which the ball valve 832 is separated from the valve seat portion 831, and the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b gradually follow the inclination of the retaining walls 300a and 300b. Shrink. Therefore, it can suppress that the pressure by the inclination of the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b is transmitted to the support | pillar 200 (existing track 100) via the connection members 400a and 400b.
なお、ボールバルブ８３２が弁座部８３１に着座する状態で所定流量を下回るオイル漏れ（オイル排出）が発生する構成とすることができる。
また、図５に示した構成において、ボールバルブ８３２よりも圧力室５７３側若しくはオイルタンク５５４側にオリフィス板を設け、このオリフィス板の開口面積を隙間Ｃ１の開口面積よりも狭くし、オリフィス板の開口部でオイル流量が制限される構成とすることができる。
In addition, it can be set as the structure which the oil leak (oil discharge | emission) below a predetermined flow volume generate | occur | produces in the state in which the ball valve 832 was seated on the valve seat part 831.
In the configuration shown in FIG. 5, an orifice plate is provided closer to the pressure chamber 573 or the oil tank 554 than the ball valve 832, and the opening area of the orifice plate is made narrower than the opening area of the gap C1. The oil flow rate can be limited at the opening.
次に、絞り部と逆止弁とを並列に有する給排調整部の構造として、図２に例示した構造よりも簡易な構造とした一態様を、図７，８に基づき説明する。なお、図７，８において、図２と同一要素には同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
図７，８において、タンクユニット５５０は、オイルタンク５５４と給排調整部９００とを含んで構成され、給排調整部９００は、オイル排出経路を絞る絞り部９３０と、オイル供給経路における逆流を阻止する逆止弁９５０とを含んで構成される。
Next, an aspect in which the structure of the supply / discharge adjustment part having the throttle part and the check valve in parallel is simpler than the structure illustrated in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the same elements as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
7 and 8, the tank unit 550 is configured to include an oil tank 554 and a supply / discharge adjustment unit 900, and the supply / discharge adjustment unit 900 generates a throttle unit 930 that restricts the oil discharge path and a reverse flow in the oil supply path. And a check valve 950 for blocking.
給排調整部９００は、中空部９１８がオイルの給排経路の一部を構成する筒状本体９１０と、逆止弁９５０を構成する弁座部９５１を備えた筒状の弁座部材９２０とを有する。
筒状本体９１０の内周壁９１０ａの本体ユニット５７０（シリンダ５７１）側には雌ネジ９１１が形成され、弁座部材９２０の外周壁９２０ａの本体ユニット５７０（シリンダ５７１）側の拡径部９２８には、筒状本体９１０の雌ネジ９１１に螺合する雄ネジ９２１が形成される。
The supply / discharge adjustment unit 900 includes a cylindrical main body 910 whose hollow portion 918 forms part of an oil supply / discharge path, and a cylindrical valve seat member 920 that includes a valve seat portion 951 that forms a check valve 950. Have
A female screw 911 is formed on the inner peripheral wall 910a of the cylindrical main body 910 on the main body unit 570 (cylinder 571) side, and an enlarged diameter portion 928 on the main body unit 570 (cylinder 571) side of the outer peripheral wall 920a of the valve seat member 920 is formed. A male screw 921 that is screwed into the female screw 911 of the cylindrical main body 910 is formed.
そして、筒状本体９１０の雌ネジ９１１に弁座部材９２０の雄ネジ９２１を螺合させることで、筒状本体９１０の中空部９１８内に弁座部材９２０が固定される。
筒状本体９１０に弁座部材９２０を固定した状態で、弁座部材９２０外周のオイルタンク５５４側の縮径部９２９は、筒状本体９１０の内周壁９１０ａとの間に環状の隙間Ｃ３を形成し、更に、弁座部材９２０のオイルタンク５５４側の端面９２０ｃは、筒状本体９１０の内周壁９１０ａから離間し、隙間Ｃ３は筒状本体９１０のオイルタンク５５４側の開口９１０ｂに連通するよう構成してある。
And the valve seat member 920 is fixed in the hollow part 918 of the cylindrical main body 910 by screwing the male screw 921 of the valve seat member 920 into the female screw 911 of the cylindrical main body 910.
In a state where the valve seat member 920 is fixed to the cylindrical main body 910, the reduced diameter portion 929 on the oil tank 554 side on the outer periphery of the valve seat member 920 forms an annular gap C3 with the inner peripheral wall 910a of the cylindrical main body 910. Further, the end surface 920c of the valve seat member 920 on the oil tank 554 side is separated from the inner peripheral wall 910a of the cylindrical main body 910, and the gap C3 communicates with the opening 910b of the cylindrical main body 910 on the oil tank 554 side. It is.
弁座部材９２０の中空部９２２は、オイル供給経路の一部を構成し、オイルタンク５５４に向けて先細りとなる弁座部９５１を有し、中空部９２２の本体ユニット５７０側の端部には筒状部材９２３が固定され、弁座部９５１に着座するボールバルブ９５２は、ボールバルブ９５２と筒状部材９２３との間に圧縮状態で設けられるコイルスプリング９５３によって弁座部９５１に向けて付勢される。 The hollow portion 922 of the valve seat member 920 constitutes a part of the oil supply path, has a valve seat portion 951 that tapers toward the oil tank 554, and the end portion of the hollow portion 922 on the main unit 570 side The ball valve 952 to which the cylindrical member 923 is fixed and seated on the valve seat 951 is biased toward the valve seat 951 by a coil spring 953 provided in a compressed state between the ball valve 952 and the cylindrical member 923. Is done.
そして、筒状本体９１０の本体ユニット５７０側端部には、本体ユニット５７０と給排調整部９００とを連通させるためのオイルホース５９０の一端が外嵌され、筒状本体９１０のオイルタンク５５４側端部には、オイルタンク５５４と給排調整部９００とを連通させるためのオイルホース５９１の一端が外嵌される。
上記の弁座部９５１、ボールバルブ９５２及びコイルスプリング９５３によって、逆止弁９５０が構成される。また、筒状本体９１０に弁座部材９２０を固定するための雌ネジ９１１と雄ネジ９２１との螺合部分におけるネジ山間の隙間Ｃ４を、絞り部９３０として用いる。
One end of an oil hose 590 for connecting the main body unit 570 and the supply / discharge adjusting portion 900 is externally fitted to the end of the cylindrical main body 910 on the main body unit 570 side. One end of an oil hose 591 for allowing the oil tank 554 and the supply / discharge adjustment unit 900 to communicate with each other is fitted on the end.
The valve seat portion 951, the ball valve 952, and the coil spring 953 constitute a check valve 950. Further, a gap C <b> 4 between the screw threads in the threaded portion of the female screw 911 and the male screw 921 for fixing the valve seat member 920 to the cylindrical main body 910 is used as the throttle portion 930.
つまり、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂに伸び方向の荷重が加わったときには、図８に示すように、圧力室５７３の圧力低下によってボールバルブ９５２が弁座部９５１から離座して開弁し、オイルタンク５５４内のオイルがボールバルブ９５２と弁座部９５１との隙間を通って圧力室５７３に供給され、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂの伸びが許容される。
一方、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂに縮み方向の荷重が加わったときには、図７に示すように、圧力室５７３の圧力上昇によってボールバルブ９５２が弁座部９５１に着座する閉弁状態に保持され、圧力室５７３のオイルが弁座部材９２０の中空部９２２を介して排出されることが阻止される。
That is, when a load in the extending direction is applied to the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b, as shown in FIG. 8, the ball valve 952 is separated from the valve seat portion 951 by the pressure drop in the pressure chamber 573, and the oil tank is opened. The oil in 554 is supplied to the pressure chamber 573 through the gap between the ball valve 952 and the valve seat portion 951, and the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b are allowed to extend.
On the other hand, when a load in the contraction direction is applied to the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b, as shown in FIG. 7, the ball valve 952 is held in the closed state in which the ball valve 952 is seated on the valve seat portion 951 due to the pressure increase in the pressure chamber 573. The oil in the chamber 573 is prevented from being discharged through the hollow portion 922 of the valve seat member 920.
ここで、雌ネジ９１１と雄ネジ９２１との螺合部分におけるネジ山間の隙間Ｃ４が、中空部９２２を囲むようにしてオイル給排経路に沿って延び、ネジ山間の隙間Ｃ４は、縮径部９２９と筒状本体９１０の内周壁９１０ａとの間に形成される環状の隙間Ｃ３に連通し、更に、環状の隙間Ｃ３は筒状本体９１０のオイルタンク５５４側の開口９１０ｂに連通し、これらの隙間Ｃ３，Ｃ４などによってオイル排出経路が形成される。
このため、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂに縮み方向の荷重が加わったときには、図７に示すように、隙間Ｃ３，Ｃ４などで形成されるオイル排出経路を通って、圧力室５７３内のオイルがオイルタンク５５４に排出される。
Here, the gap C4 between the screw threads in the threaded portion of the female screw 911 and the male screw 921 extends along the oil supply / discharge path so as to surround the hollow portion 922, and the gap C4 between the screw threads is formed between the reduced diameter portion 929 and The annular gap C3 communicates with the inner circumferential wall 910a of the cylindrical main body 910, and the annular gap C3 communicates with the opening 910b on the oil tank 554 side of the cylindrical main body 910, and these gaps C3. , C4 and the like form an oil discharge path.
For this reason, when a load in the contraction direction is applied to the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b, the oil in the pressure chamber 573 passes through the oil discharge path formed by the gaps C3 and C4 as shown in FIG. It is discharged to 554.
伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂに縮み方向に加わる荷重変化が地震などに伴う急速な変化である場合は、ネジ山間の隙間Ｃ４を含んで形成されるオイル排出経路の流路抵抗によってオイルの排出が進まず、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを介して連結される土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００とは突っ張り合うことになる。
つまり、ネジ山間の隙間Ｃ４がオイル排出経路の絞り部９３０として機能し、縮み方向の急速な荷重変化に対して伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂが縮むことを制限し、その結果、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂを介して連結される土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００とは突っ張り合い、地震や列車の挙動などによる急速な荷重変化が加わったときに支柱２００（既設軌道１００）の横方向変位を抑制する。
When the load change applied to the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b in the contraction direction is a rapid change due to an earthquake or the like, oil discharge does not proceed due to the flow resistance of the oil discharge path formed including the gap C4 between the threads. The earth retaining walls 300a and 300b and the support column 200 which are connected via the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b stick to each other.
That is, the gap C4 between the screw threads functions as the throttle portion 930 of the oil discharge path, and restricts the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b from contracting in response to a rapid load change in the contraction direction. The earth retaining walls 300a and 300b and the column 200 are connected to each other, and the lateral displacement of the column 200 (the existing track 100) is suppressed when a rapid load change due to an earthquake or a train behavior is applied.
一方、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂが徐々に傾くなどして伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂに縮み方向の荷重が加わる場合は、荷重変化が緩速であるから、圧力室５７３のオイルは、荷重変化に追従して隙間Ｃ４（絞り部９３０）を通って排出され、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きに追従するようにして徐々に縮む。
このため、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きによる荷重が、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを介して支柱２００（既設軌道１００）に伝達されることを抑制できる。
On the other hand, when a load in the contraction direction is applied to the expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b because the retaining walls 300a and 300b are inclined gradually, the load change is slow, and the oil in the pressure chamber 573 follows the load change. Then, it is discharged through the gap C4 (throttle portion 930), and the expansion and contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b gradually contract so as to follow the inclination of the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b.
For this reason, it can suppress that the load by the inclination of the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b is transmitted to the support | pillar 200 (existing track 100) via the connection members 400a and 400b.
また、絞り部９３０（隙間Ｃ４）を形成する雌ネジ９１１及び雄ネジ９２１は、逆止弁９５０を構成する弁座部材９２０を筒状本体９１０に固定する機能を有するから、絞り部としてのみ機能するオリフィス板やニードル弁などを設ける場合に比べて給排調整部９００の構造を簡易にでき、部品コストの低減し、また、給排調整部９００を小型化できる。
なお、上記のように、地震などによる急速な変動に対してオイル排出を制限する一方で土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂの傾きなどによる緩速な変動に追従してオイルが排出されるように、隙間Ｃ４（絞り部９３０）の流路抵抗が予め設定され、隙間Ｃ４の流路抵抗は、ネジの有効径やネジを形成する長さなどによって調整される。
Further, the female screw 911 and the male screw 921 that form the throttle portion 930 (gap C4) have a function of fixing the valve seat member 920 constituting the check valve 950 to the cylindrical main body 910, and thus function only as a throttle portion. Compared with the case where an orifice plate or a needle valve is provided, the structure of the supply / discharge adjustment unit 900 can be simplified, the cost of parts can be reduced, and the supply / discharge adjustment unit 900 can be downsized.
In addition, as described above, the clearance is limited so that oil is discharged following the slow fluctuation due to the inclination of the retaining walls 300a and 300b while restricting the oil discharge against the rapid fluctuation due to an earthquake or the like. The channel resistance of C4 (throttle portion 930) is set in advance, and the channel resistance of the gap C4 is adjusted by the effective diameter of the screw, the length of the screw, or the like.
また、規格化されたネジ寸法に従って雌ネジ９１１及び雄ネジ９２１を形成したときに、隙間Ｃ４（絞り部９３０）の流路抵抗が要求値よりも大きく（隙間Ｃ４の開口面積が要求値よりも小さく）、緩速な荷重変化に追従してオイルを排出させることができない場合、ネジ山の一部を欠落させたり、軸方向に延びる切欠きを雌ネジ９１１と雄ネジ９２１との少なくとも一方に設けるなどして流路抵抗を調整することができる。 Further, when the female screw 911 and the male screw 921 are formed according to the standardized screw dimensions, the flow path resistance of the gap C4 (throttle portion 930) is larger than the required value (the opening area of the gap C4 is smaller than the required value). Small), when oil cannot be discharged following a slow load change, a part of the thread is missing or a notch extending in the axial direction is formed in at least one of the female screw 911 and the male screw 921. The flow path resistance can be adjusted by providing it.
また、弁座部９５１をなす傾斜面にオイルの流れ方向に沿って溝を形成するなどして逆止弁９５０の閉弁状態でオイル漏れが発生するようにして、弁座部９５１に形成した溝をオイル排出経路として機能させることができる。弁座部９５１に形成した溝をオイル排出経路として機能させる場合、ネジ山間の隙間Ｃ４をオイル排出経路として併用することができ、また、弁座部９５１に形成した溝を主なオイル排出経路とすることもできる。 Further, the valve seat 951 is formed in the valve seat 951 so that oil leakage occurs when the check valve 950 is closed by, for example, forming a groove along the oil flow direction on the inclined surface forming the valve seat 951. The groove can function as an oil discharge path. When the groove formed in the valve seat portion 951 functions as an oil discharge path, the gap C4 between the threads can be used as an oil discharge path, and the groove formed in the valve seat section 951 is used as a main oil discharge path. You can also
以上、好ましい実施形態を参照して本発明の内容を具体的に説明したが、本発明の基本的技術思想及び教示に基づいて、当業者であれば種々の変形態様を採り得ることは自明である。
本体ユニット５７０と別体に構成されるタンクユニット５５０の設置場所は、地上面６００に限定されず、例えば、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを構成する鋼材４１０ａ，４１０ｂ，４２０ａ，４２０ｂにタンクユニット５５０を保持させたり、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂにタンクユニット５５０を保持させたりすることができる。
Although the contents of the present invention have been specifically described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can take various modifications based on the basic technical idea and teachings of the present invention. is there.
The installation location of the tank unit 550 configured separately from the main unit 570 is not limited to the ground surface 600. For example, the tank unit 550 is held by the steel materials 410a, 410b, 420a, and 420b constituting the connecting members 400a and 400b. The tank unit 550 can be held on the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b.
また、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは、シリンダ、オイルタンク、絞り部などを一体に備えることができる。
また、伸縮機構５００ａ，５００ｂは、複数の絞り部を備えることができる。
The expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b can be integrally provided with a cylinder, an oil tank, a throttle portion, and the like.
The expansion / contraction mechanisms 500a and 500b can include a plurality of apertures.
また、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂで囲まれる掘削底面３００ｃに立設する構造物は、既設軌道１００に限定されない。例えば、道路やビルなどの建築物を既設構造物とするアンダーピニング工法においても、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂによって土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと連結させる構造を採用できる。更に、作業構台や乗り入れ構台などの構台を支柱によって掘削底面３００ｃに支持する場合に、構台及び／又は構台の支柱と土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂとを連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂによって連結させることができる。
また、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂによって土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと連結させる構造物は、軌道や建築物などの既設構造物を支持する基礎構造物（仮受構造物）に限定されず、例えば、杭基礎の建築物を既設構造物とする場合は、既設の建築物と土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂとを連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂで連結させることができる。
また、シリンダ５７１における作動液体としては、オイル７８０の他、水などの他の液体を用いることができる。
Further, the structure standing on the excavation bottom surface 300c surrounded by the retaining walls 300a and 300b is not limited to the existing track 100. For example, even in an underpinning method in which a building such as a road or a building is an existing structure, a structure in which the retaining members 300a and 300b are connected by the connecting members 400a and 400b can be employed. Furthermore, when a gantry such as a work gantry or a loading gantry is supported on the excavation bottom surface 300c by a support column, the gantry and / or the support column support and the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b can be connected by the connecting members 400a and 400b.
Further, the structure to be connected to the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b by the connecting members 400a and 400b is not limited to a foundation structure (temporary receiving structure) that supports an existing structure such as a track or a building. When the foundation building is an existing structure, the existing building and the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b can be connected by the connecting members 400a and 400b.
Further, as the working liquid in the cylinder 571, other liquids such as water can be used in addition to the oil 780.
また、図２の構成における絞り部５５３ｂを、ニードル弁などの開口面積が調整可能な機構で構成した場合、急速な変動が発生したときに土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂと支柱２００とが突っ張り合う荷重を、開口面積の調整によって制御することができる。
また、図２の構成における絞り部５５３ｂをオリフィス板５５３ｂ１で構成する場合に、オリフィス板５５３ｂ１を交換可能に構成し、開口面積の異なる複数種のオリフィス板５５３ｂ１の中から選択した１つを取り付けることができる。
In addition, when the throttle portion 553b in the configuration of FIG. 2 is configured by a mechanism that can adjust the opening area such as a needle valve, a load in which the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b and the support column 200 are thrust against each other when rapid fluctuation occurs. Can be controlled by adjusting the opening area.
Further, when the restricting portion 553b in the configuration of FIG. 2 is configured by the orifice plate 553b1, the orifice plate 553b1 is configured to be replaceable, and one selected from a plurality of types of orifice plates 553b1 having different opening areas is attached. Can do.
また、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂに複数の伸縮機構を直列的に設けることができ、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂを上下方向に複数並べて設置することができる。
また、連結部材４００ａ，４００ｂの両端の少なくとも一方を複数に分岐させ、複数個所で、土留め壁３００ａ，３００ｂ、及び／又は、掘削底面３００ｃに立設する構造物（支柱２００などの基礎構造物又は既設構造物としての建築物など）に接続させる構成とすることができる。
Further, a plurality of expansion / contraction mechanisms can be provided in series on the connection members 400a and 400b, and a plurality of connection members 400a and 400b can be installed side by side in the vertical direction.
Further, at least one of the both ends of the connecting members 400a and 400b is branched into a plurality of structures, and a structure (a foundation structure such as the support column 200) erected on the earth retaining walls 300a and 300b and / or the excavation bottom surface 300c at a plurality of locations. Or it can be set as the structure connected to the building as an existing structure.
また、上記のコイルスプリング５５３ａ３，８３４，８３８，９５３に代えて、板ばね（リーフスプリング）などの他の形状のばねを用いることができる。
また、圧力室５７３内の圧力が許容最大値を超えたときに、圧力室５７３内のオイルをオイルタンク５５４又はリリーフ専用タンクに逃がすためのリリーフバルブ及びリリーフ経路（リリーフ配管）を設けることができる。
また、オイルタンク５５４を複数の伸縮機構で共用することができる。
Further, instead of the coil springs 553a3, 834, 838, and 953, springs of other shapes such as leaf springs (leaf springs) can be used.
In addition, a relief valve and a relief path (relief piping) can be provided for releasing oil in the pressure chamber 573 to the oil tank 554 or the relief tank when the pressure in the pressure chamber 573 exceeds the allowable maximum value. .
Further, the oil tank 554 can be shared by a plurality of extension mechanisms.
１００…既設軌道（既設構造物）、２００…支柱（仮受構造物、基礎構造物）、３００ａ，３００ｂ…土留め壁、３００ｃ…掘削底面、４００ａ，４００ｂ…連結部材、５００ａ，５００ｂ…伸縮機構、５５０…タンクユニット、５５３ａ…逆止弁、５５３ｂ…絞り部、５５３ｂ１…オリフィス板、５５４…オイルタンク、５７０…本体ユニット、５７１…シリンダ、５７２…ピストン、５７３…圧力室、５９０…オイルホース（液体ホース）、７８０…オイル、８３０…開閉弁、９１１…雌ネジ、９２１…雄ネジ、９３０…絞り部、９５０…逆止弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Existing track (existing structure), 200 ... Strut (temporary receiving structure, foundation structure), 300a, 300b ... Earth retaining wall, 300c ... Excavation bottom surface, 400a, 400b ... Connecting member, 500a, 500b ... Expansion mechanism 550 ... Tank unit, 553a ... Check valve, 553b ... Restriction part, 553b1 ... Orifice plate, 554 ... Oil tank, 570 ... Body unit, 571 ... Cylinder, 572 ... Piston, 573 ... Pressure chamber, 590 ... Oil hose ( Liquid hose), 780 ... oil, 830 ... open / close valve, 911 ... female screw, 921 ... male screw, 930 ... throttle part, 950 ... check valve
Claims (8)
シリンダにおける液体の給排によって伸縮し前記シリンダからの液体の排出経路に絞り部を有する伸縮機構を介して前記土留め壁と前記構造物とを連結する連結部材を有する、構造物の支保構造。 A support structure for a structure standing on the bottom surface surrounded by a retaining wall,
A structure support structure, comprising: a connecting member that expands and contracts by supply and discharge of liquid in the cylinder and connects the earth retaining wall and the structure via an expansion and contraction mechanism having a throttle portion in a liquid discharge path from the cylinder.
シリンダにおける液体の給排によって伸縮し前記シリンダからの液体の排出経路に絞り部を有する伸縮機構を介して前記土留め壁と前記構造物とを連結し、
前記伸縮機構に加わる荷重が急速に変化するときに前記伸縮機構により縮み方向の抵抗を発生させ、
前記伸縮機構に加わる荷重が緩速に変化するときに前記伸縮機構を追従して伸縮させる、
構造物の支保方法。 A method for supporting a structure standing on the bottom surrounded by a retaining wall,
Connecting the earth retaining wall and the structure via an expansion / contraction mechanism that expands and contracts by supply and discharge of liquid in the cylinder and has a throttle portion in the discharge path of the liquid from the cylinder;
When the load applied to the expansion / contraction mechanism changes rapidly, the expansion / contraction mechanism generates resistance in the contraction direction,
When the load applied to the expansion / contraction mechanism changes slowly, the expansion / contraction mechanism follows and expands / contracts,
How to support the structure.
前記タンクユニットを前記本体ユニットよりも上方である前記土留め壁上部の地上面に設置し、
前記液体ホースを介して前記液体タンクと前記シリンダとの間で液体を移送させる、
請求項７記載の構造物の支保方法。 The expansion and contraction mechanism includes a tank unit including a liquid tank for storing liquid, a main body unit having the cylinder, and a liquid hose connecting the tank unit and the main body unit,
Installing the tank unit on the ground surface above the retaining wall above the main unit;
Transferring liquid between the liquid tank and the cylinder via the liquid hose;
The structure supporting method according to claim 7.
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| JPH0771048A (en) * | 1993-09-02 | 1995-03-14 | Shimizu Corp | Method of constructing underground structure |
| JPH11223045A (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-17 | Nishimatsu Constr Co Ltd | Damping impact-reducing device and structure |
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