JP2016538232A - 断熱用ミクロドメインカーボン材料 - Google Patents
断熱用ミクロドメインカーボン材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
特開昭63−183941号公報は、6〜14μmの範囲の波長の赤外線の封鎖において活性である何らかの添加剤を使用して、永久に持続する低い熱伝導度を可能とする断熱熱可塑性樹脂を得ることを提案した最初の文献である。これらすべての添加剤の中で、グラファイトが好ましい。
光学的に厚いサンプル(すなわち、e*・ρ・d >> 1)については、式(6)は以下のように要約される:
一般的に、Λ= 1.4μm〜35μmの赤外線照射についての本発明のカーボン粒子材料の300Kでの全有効比消衰係数e*は、1200〜1700m2/kgの範囲であり、典型的には、1290〜1640m2/kgの範囲である。カーボン粒子材料の全有効比消衰係数e*を計算するためのパラメータは実施例に記載したように得た。
全てのカーボンブラック粉末は、オリオンエンジニアードカーボンズゲゼルシャフトミットベシュレンクテルハフツング(Orion Engineered Carbons GmbH)(ハーナウ、ドイツ)より、市販品として入手可能である。
実施例番号 説明
IE1 ディスクおよびコーンを含むカーボン粒子材料1
IE2 3重量%のIE1を含む発泡ポリスチレンフォーム2
IE3 5重量%のIE1を含む発泡ポリスチレンフォーム2
CE4* 天然グラファイト粉末3
*比較例
1WO98/42621に記載のクベルネルカーボンブラック&水素プロセスで製造
2重量%はポリスチレンの重量に基づく
3カナダのカナダカーボンより入手可能
サンプルは、ブルカー フーリエ変換赤外分光計Vertex 70vを用いて、環境温度での放射熱輸送に決定的な1.4μm〜35μmの波長範囲で測定された。スペクトル方向性半球透過率および反射率の測定のために、粉末試料の薄膜を、赤外線波長域において透明である支持PE層上に拡げた。粉末薄膜は上記PE層に真空ゲージを用いて噴霧される。均一薄膜の調製は、市販の粉末分散システムであるGALAI PD 10を用いて行う。真空チャンバーへの強い空気流入により、上記粉末が塊のない状態、部分的に帯電した細粉となり、ゆっくりと支持体ホイル上に堆積して、適度に安定な試料を形成する。図2は、真空粉末分散システムGALAI PD 10を示す:真空管の最上部のウェル内に配置される粉粒子が開放部に吸い込まれ、PEホイル上に堆積する。30μmおよび500μmの間の厚みの粉末層を粉末の量を変化させることにより達成することができる。
表1に研究された試料の300Kにおける全有効比消衰係数e*が報告されている。式(4)から計算される全有効比消衰係数e*は、誤差約10%〜15%で決定することができる。
Claims (15)
- ディスクおよび中空開放型コーンの形状のカーボン粒子を含むカーボン粒子材料の断熱のための使用。
- 前記中空開放型コーンが。以下の開放角度:19.2°、38.9°、60°、83.6°および112.9°の1つまたは幾つかを有する請求項1の使用。
- 前記カーボンディスクの厚みおよび前記中空開放型カーボンコーンの壁厚が、100nm未満である請求項1または2の使用。
- 前記カーボンディスクおよび前記中空開放型カーボンコーンの最長寸法が5μm未満である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項の使用。
- 前記カーボン粒子材料が、300Kで、Λ=1.4μm〜35μmのIR照射について1200〜1700m2/kgの範囲の全有効比消衰係数e*を有する請求項1〜4のいずれか一項の使用。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項のカーボン粒子材料の断熱用途での使用。
- 前記カーボン粒子材料が、さらに少なくとも1つの材料、好ましくは断熱材料との組み合わせで用いられる請求項1〜6のいずれか一項の使用。
- 前記カーボン粒子材料が不透熱性充填材として用いられる請求項7の使用。
- 前記カーボン粒子材料が真空断熱パネル(VIP)に組み込まれる請求項8の使用。
- 前記カーボン粒子材料が、少なくとも1つのさらなる断熱材料、好ましくはポリマー材料を含むマトリックスに組み込まれる請求項8の使用。
- 前記断熱材料が、ビニルポリマー、特にビニル芳香族ポリマー、およびポリウレタンから選択される少なくとも1つのポリマーを含む請求項10の使用。
- 前記断熱材料がポリマーフォームを含む請求項10または11の使用。
- 前記ポリマーフォームが熱可塑性または熱硬化性のポリマーを含む請求項12の使用。
- 前記ポリマーフォームが、発泡性ポリスチレン、スチレンと少なくとも1つの共重合性モノマーとの発泡性共重合体、発泡性ポリプロピレン、押出ポリスチレン、およびポリウレタンフォームの少なくとも1つを含む請求項13の使用。
- 前記カーボン粒子材料がヒュームド・シリカなどのさらなる充填材料とともに用いられる請求項10〜14のいずれかの使用。
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