JP2016525879A - コンクリートのバイオ系修復方法 - Google Patents
コンクリートのバイオ系修復方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016525879A JP2016525879A JP2016513894A JP2016513894A JP2016525879A JP 2016525879 A JP2016525879 A JP 2016525879A JP 2016513894 A JP2016513894 A JP 2016513894A JP 2016513894 A JP2016513894 A JP 2016513894A JP 2016525879 A JP2016525879 A JP 2016525879A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- calcium
- concrete
- bacteria
- element surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 40
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 12
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- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
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- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 5
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- 229960004494 calcium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 235000010408 potassium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L potassium alginate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLDKGEDPBONMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O JLDKGEDPBONMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LPTQBQUNGHOZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;silicate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] LPTQBQUNGHOZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIUDWMLXCFRVDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-(3-ethyl-3-methylpentyl)propanedioate Chemical class CCC(C)(CC)CCC(C(=O)OC)C(=O)OC AIUDWMLXCFRVDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
- C04B41/455—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application the coating or impregnating process including a chemical conversion or reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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Abstract
Description
試験の目的:細菌系修復システムの亀裂修復効率の評価
説明:本実験では最適化された修復溶液を用いる。溶液B中のカルシウム源として乳酸カルシウムの代わりに硝酸カルシウムを用いる。
溶液A−ケイ酸ナトリウム34.9%−48.5g/L(アルカリ性緩衝液)、グルコン酸ナトリウム−125g/L(細菌増殖のための炭素源)、酵母抽出物−1g/L(細菌増殖のための「ビタミン」必須要素)、好アルカリ細菌−胞子数1.6×108個/L。溶液B−硝酸カルシウム−500g/L(脱窒経路による細菌増殖のための硝酸塩源及びCaCO3の沈殿のためのカルシウム)、酵母抽出物−1g/L(細菌増殖のための「ビタミン」必須要素)、好アルカリ細菌−胞子数1.6×108個/L。
−対照として4本の梁に水道水を1回注入する。2本は加湿チャンバー内(RH=95%)、2本は乾燥雰囲気(実験室、RH=25%)で硬化させる。
−4本の梁に最適化した細菌系溶液を一度に注入する。修復する間、2本は加湿チャンバー内、2本は乾燥雰囲気(実験室)で硬化させる。梁に初期負荷をかけて亀裂を誘起させる。梁を亀裂させた後及び注入の28日後に透水性試験を行う。亀裂の修復を立体顕微鏡観察によって毎週モニターする。28日後にそれぞれの系列から1個に再負荷して機械特性の回復を評価し、さらに研磨切片を調製する。さらなる硬化のために他の1個を保存し、100日後に最後の透過性試験を行う。
Xf=28日後の値(透過率、剛性又は強度)
Xi=修復前の初期値(透過率、剛性又は強度)
試験の目的:CaCO3産生の動力学的及び定量研究と組み合わせた最適ケイ酸塩/カルシウムモル比の微調整
説明:種々のケイ酸塩/Caモル比(0.2<NaS/Ca<0.5)の溶液を調製する(NaSはケイ酸ナトリウムである)。
修復システムの組成物における供給物にカルシウムを導入する目的は2つある。
−第1に、溶液A(即ち、ケイ酸ナトリウムを含む溶液)中のケイ酸塩化合物との化学反応により、コンクリート系材料の亀裂又は空孔の中でゲルが形成されることを確実にする。このゲルにより、亀裂の迅速な(数時間以内の)シール及び細菌が炭酸カルシウムを沈殿させる最適環境が可能になる。これはこのシステムの関連する特徴であり、重要である。それは、細菌によって誘起された沈殿単独ではプロセスがかなり遅い(数週間)からである。ゲルが弱すぎるようになる時までには、実質的な量の炭酸カルシウムが細菌によって沈殿しており、亀裂をシールし、又は材料の空孔を充填する。
−第2に、実質的な量の炭酸カルシウム(シール/充填鉱物)が形成されるために、十分なカルシウムが利用可能で、コンクリート系材料の全体の亀裂の体積又は空孔の中に分配されることを確実にする。
修復システムは2つの溶液からなっている。
−溶液A、アルカリ性pH(10を超える)を有するケイ酸塩系溶液
−溶液B、pH4〜6のカルシウム系溶液
他のカルシウム源に対する硝酸カルシウムの優位性は2つある。
−第1に、硝酸カルシウムは溶解性が高い塩である。したがって、例えばそれぞれ水への溶解度が3.5分の1及び15分の1と低い酢酸カルシウム及び乳酸カルシウムと比較して、硝酸カルシウムを用いる場合にはずっと多いカルシウムを修復システムに添加することができる。
−第2に、硝酸塩は、例えば亀裂の中の深い部分で酸素が限られている場合に、(脱窒)細菌によって炭酸カルシウムの沈殿を媒介するために用いることもできる。
Claims (27)
- 空洞を有するエレメント表面を有するコンクリートエレメントのバイオ系修復のための方法であって、第1の組成を有する第1の液体と第2の組成を有する第2の液体を前記コンクリートエレメントの前記エレメント表面に適用して、混合物を前記空洞内に供給するステップを含み、前記第1の組成及び前記第2の組成が、前記第1の液体及び前記第2の液体の1又は2以上を前記エレメント表面に適用した後に前記空洞内にゲルを形成させるように選択され、前記第1の組成及び前記第2の組成がまた、前記第1の液体及び前記第2の液体を前記エレメント表面に適用した後に細菌材料、カルシウム源、及び細菌のための栄養素を前記空洞内に供給するように選択され、前記第1の液体が少なくともケイ酸ナトリウムを0.5〜20wt%の量で含み、前記第2の液体が少なくとも前記カルシウム源を含み、前記栄養素が(i)硝酸塩化合物、(ii)酵母抽出物、並びに(iii)乳酸塩及びグルコン酸塩の1又は2以上を含み、前記第1の液体と前記第2の液体の両方が水を含む、前記方法。
- ケイ酸塩とカルシウムのモル比が0.05〜5の範囲である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1の液体がケイ酸ナトリウムを0.5〜20wt%の量で含み、前記第1の液体が少なくとも11のpHを有し、第2の液体が硝酸カルシウムを10〜75wt%、特に25〜55wt%の量で含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 第2の液体が硝酸カルシウムを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ケイ酸ナトリウムを含む第1の液体が最初にエレメント表面に適用され、引き続いてカルシウム源を含む第2の液体が前記エレメント表面に適用される、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 細菌材料が細菌、凍結乾燥された細菌及び細菌の細菌胞子からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 細菌が、好気性細菌からなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 細菌が、嫌気性細菌からなる群から選択される、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 細菌が、アルカリ性媒体中でリン酸塩又は炭酸塩の沈殿を形成することができる細菌からなる群から選択される、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 細菌が、プラノコッカス、バチルス及びスポロサルシナからなる属の群から選択される、請求項6〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 細菌が、脱窒細菌の群から選択される、請求項6〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 第1の液体がエレメント表面に適用された後0.5時間以内に、第2の液体が前記エレメント表面に適用される、又は前記第2の液体が前記エレメント表面に適用された後0.5時間以内に、前記第1の液体が前記エレメント表面に適用される、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 第1の液体及び第2の液体が、前記液体をエレメント表面に噴霧することによって、前記エレメント表面に適用される、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 第1の液体が細菌胞子、グルコン酸ナトリウム及びケイ酸ナトリウムを含み、第2の液体が細菌胞子及び硝酸カルシウムを含む、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- エレメントが建築物又は土木工学構造物に含まれる、請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 第1の容器及び第2の容器を含む部品のキットであって、前記第1の容器がケイ酸ナトリウムを含み、前記第2の容器がカルシウム源を含み、前記容器の1又は2以上が細菌材料及び細菌のための栄養素をさらに含む、前記部品のキット。
- コンクリートエレメントのバイオ系修復のための部品のキットをどのように適用するかの処方をさらに含み、前記処方に規定されたように前記コンクリートエレメントのバイオ系修復のために前記部品のキットを適用する場合、ケイ酸塩とカルシウムのモル比が0.05〜5の範囲である、請求項16に記載の部品のキット。
- 容器の1又は2以上が水を含み、特に両方の容器が水を含み、第1の容器が第1の液体を含み、第2の容器が第2の液体を含む、請求項16又は17に記載の部品のキット。
- 第1の液体がケイ酸ナトリウムを0.5〜20wt%の量で含み、前記第1の液体が少なくとも11のpHを有する、請求項18に記載の部品のキット。
- 第2の液体が硝酸カルシウムを含む、請求項18又は19に記載の部品のキット。
- 第2の液体が硝酸カルシウムを10〜75wt%、特に25〜55wt%の量で含む、請求項18〜20のいずれかに記載の部品のキット。
- 第1の液体が細菌胞子、グルコン酸ナトリウム及びケイ酸ナトリウムを含み、第2の液体が細菌胞子及び硝酸カルシウムを含む、請求項18〜21のいずれかに記載の部品のキット。
- 空洞を有するエレメント表面を有するコンクリートエレメントであって、前記空洞の1又は2以上がその上に炭酸カルシウム及びリン酸カルシウムの1又は2以上を含む構造が形成された空洞壁を有し、これらの構造が前記コンクリートエレメントのコンクリートよりも低い密度を有し、前記構造が細菌材料をさらに含む、前記コンクリートエレメント。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の方法によって得られる、請求項23に記載のコンクリートエレメント。
- エレメントが建築物又は土木工学構造物に含まれる、請求項23又は24に記載のコンクリートエレメント。
- 空洞内において利用可能な全てのカチオンの95%超がナトリウム及びカルシウムから選択される、請求項23〜25のいずれかに記載のコンクリートエレメント。
- 空洞内のカルシウムに対するナトリウムの比が周囲の材料における比より大きい、請求項23〜26のいずれかに記載のコンクリートエレメント。
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JPWO2020040243A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-23 | 2021-06-10 | 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 | 構造材 |
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US20160090328A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
EP2996999A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
NL2010818C2 (en) | 2014-11-24 |
WO2014185781A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
US9676673B2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
JP6518653B2 (ja) | 2019-05-22 |
EP2996999B1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
HK1218413A1 (zh) | 2017-02-17 |
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