JP2016146569A - Diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP2016146569A
JP2016146569A JP2015022940A JP2015022940A JP2016146569A JP 2016146569 A JP2016146569 A JP 2016146569A JP 2015022940 A JP2015022940 A JP 2015022940A JP 2015022940 A JP2015022940 A JP 2015022940A JP 2016146569 A JP2016146569 A JP 2016146569A
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diaphragm
bacterial cellulose
sol
cellulose
paper
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JP6584784B2 (en
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貴 三国谷
Takashi Mikuniya
貴 三国谷
久美 梶原
Hisami Kajiwara
久美 梶原
憲男 河村
Norio Kawamura
憲男 河村
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Foster Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer having proper rigidity according to the use, by using a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose produced by stirring culture method, when spraying to the surface of a diaphragm material principally composed of cellulose, while allowing the amount to be used to be set widely, and to provide a method of manufacturing the diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer.SOLUTION: A sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose produced by stirring culture method has a small average fiber width, and excellent in dispersibility, liquidity, and the like. A diaphragm of multilayer structure having good appearance, frequency characteristics, and the like, is achieved by spraying or applying a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose, produced by stirring culture method, to the surface of a diaphragm textile material principally composed of cellulose.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

この発明は、スピーカやマイクロホン等に用いられる電気音響変換器用振動板と、その製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer used for a speaker, a microphone, and the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.

スピーカ用の振動板材料としては、一般的に低密度、高ヤング率、適度な内部損失などを有することが求められ、スピーカの用途に応じ最適な物性を有する材料が適宜選択される。   As a diaphragm material for a speaker, it is generally required to have a low density, a high Young's modulus, an appropriate internal loss, and the like, and a material having optimum physical properties is appropriately selected according to the use of the speaker.

数ある種々の振動板材料のうち木材パルプはセルロースからなり、物性が比較的自由にコントロールでき、かつ抄紙によって製造できるため、形状の自由度も高く生産性に優れるために古くから最も広く使用されている。この場合、所望のスピーカ特性を得るために、木材パルプの種類や叩解度などを調整・組み合わせして物性のコントロールを行うことができる。また、これらに加え、例えば化学繊維、カーボン繊維、その他の材料を組み合わせ、混合するなどしている。   Among various diaphragm materials, wood pulp is made of cellulose, its physical properties can be controlled relatively freely, and it can be manufactured by papermaking. ing. In this case, in order to obtain desired speaker characteristics, the physical properties can be controlled by adjusting / combining the wood pulp type and the beating degree. In addition to these, for example, chemical fibers, carbon fibers, and other materials are combined and mixed.

また、バクテリアにより生成されるセルロースも木材パルプと同様セルロースであり、木材パルプとの水素結合が発生しやすいこと、繊維径が木材パルプ等の天然繊維に比して小さく接触面積が増えることから、より結合点が増すため、木材パルプと組み合わせることで軽量、かつ高剛性化が可能で、振動板材料としては優れた材料と言える。   In addition, cellulose produced by bacteria is cellulose as well as wood pulp, because hydrogen bonds with wood pulp are likely to occur, and because the fiber diameter is small compared to natural fibers such as wood pulp, the contact area increases. Since the bonding point increases, it can be said that it is lightweight and highly rigid when combined with wood pulp, and is an excellent material for the diaphragm.

バクテリアセルロースを利用した振動板としては、酢酸菌を静置培養し生成されたものを離解し、それを抄造または木材パルプに混合して抄造する方法が提案されている(特許文献1)。   As a diaphragm using bacterial cellulose, there has been proposed a method in which acetic acid bacteria are statically cultured and dissociated, and the paper is made or mixed with wood pulp (Patent Document 1).

しかし、このバクテリアセルロースを含むスラリーを抄紙する場合、その濾水性の悪さから抄紙時間が通常の木材パルプのみのスラリーに比較し格段に長いため、生産性が悪く、コストが大幅に上昇する、という欠点がある。   However, when paper making this slurry containing bacterial cellulose, because of its poor drainage, the paper making time is much longer compared to ordinary wood pulp-only slurries, so productivity is poor and costs are significantly increased. There are drawbacks.

また、大量生産をするためには、抄紙時間を短くするためにバクテリアセルロースの量(割合)を少なくすれば良いが、これでは十分な性能を得にくい、という欠点があった。   In addition, for mass production, the amount (ratio) of bacterial cellulose may be reduced in order to shorten the paper making time, but this has the disadvantage that it is difficult to obtain sufficient performance.

これを解決するのもとして、バクテリアセルロース(BC)を含む離解溶液をスプレー塗装して塗布層を形成し、乾燥してなる振動板の製造方法が提案されている(特許文献2)。   As a solution to this problem, a method of manufacturing a diaphragm is proposed in which a disaggregation solution containing bacterial cellulose (BC) is spray-coated to form a coating layer and dried (Patent Document 2).

特開昭61−281800号公報JP-A-61-281800 特開平09−084175号公報JP 09-084175 A

特許文献2に示されるように、基材上に、バクテリアセルロースを用いた発酵法により生産されるセルロースを含む離解溶液をスプレー塗装すると、濾水の問題は生じないため、使用量が制限されることはなくなる。   As shown in Patent Document 2, when a disaggregation solution containing cellulose produced by fermentation using bacterial cellulose is spray-coated on a substrate, the problem of drainage does not occur, so the amount used is limited. Things will disappear.

しかしながら、離解溶液を基材上にスプレー塗装するためには以下の条件が必要となる。
a.離解溶液は均質で粒子が小さいこと。
b.離解溶液の粘度が高くないこと。
c.従来から振動板用に利用されている静置培養法により得られるゲル状バクテリアセル
ロースを噴霧するためには、ゲル状バクテリアセルロースを物理的に細分化、離解を十
分に行う必要があり時間がかかる。また、時間を十分かけたとしても一定の粒状に達す
るとそれ以上には砕き細分化しにくく滑らかなゾル状には達しないため水で希釈しても
その粒自体の大きさは変わらず均一分散とはならず、粒同士の繊維の絡みも十分とはな
らない。
d.噴霧用の材料として適切な性状にするための工程にコストがかかる。
e.ノズルの詰まり、少量噴霧のムラが生じないようにするには十分均質な状態にする必
要があるが、それは難しい。
However, the following conditions are required for spray coating the disaggregation solution on the substrate.
a. The disaggregation solution should be homogeneous and small in size.
b. The viscosity of the disaggregation solution is not high.
c. In order to spray gelled bacterial cellulose obtained by the static culture method conventionally used for diaphragms, it is necessary to physically subdivide and disaggregate the gelled bacterial cellulose. It takes. Moreover, even if it takes a long time, if it reaches a certain granularity, it will not be further crushed and subdivided and does not reach a smooth sol form. However, the entanglement of fibers between grains is not sufficient.
d. A cost is required for a process for obtaining appropriate properties as a material for spraying.
e. In order to prevent clogging of nozzles and unevenness in spraying in small quantities, it is necessary to ensure a sufficiently homogeneous state, but this is difficult.

この発明は上記のことに鑑み提案されたもので、その主目的とするところは、セルロースを主としてなる振動板基材の表面へスプレーするにあたり、撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を用いるようにし、その使用量を幅広く設定でき、用途にあった適切な剛性を有する電気音響変換器用振動板、その電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法を提供することにある。
また、スプレーに代え振動板基材表面にバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を乾燥させた微粉末を塗布することにより、同じく剛性を有する電気音響変換器用振動板、その電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法を提供することにある。
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and its main object is to form a sol-like material made from bacterial cellulose consisting of a stirring culture method when spraying cellulose onto the surface of a diaphragm base material mainly comprising cellulose. An object of the present invention is to provide a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer and a method for manufacturing the diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer that can use a suspension, can be used in a wide range of amounts, and have an appropriate rigidity for the application.
In addition, by applying a fine powder obtained by drying a bacterial cellulose sol suspension on the surface of the diaphragm substrate instead of spraying, the diaphragm for the electroacoustic transducer having the same rigidity, the diaphragm for the electroacoustic transducer It is to provide a manufacturing method.

上記課題を解決するために、請求項1に係る本発明の電気音響変換器用振動板は、セルロースを主とした振動板繊維材料で構成された振動板基材の表面に、撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液からなる層を一体化させ、基材とバクテリアセルロースの多層構造としたことを特徴とする。
請求項2に係る本発明の電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法は、セルロースを主とした繊維材料を抄紙する工程と、前記抄紙体を脱水する工程と、前記脱水された抄紙体の表面に、撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を噴霧し、多層化する工程と、前記多層化した抄紙体を脱水する工程と、前記脱水された多層構造の抄紙体を所定形状に成形する工程とを備えてなることを特徴とする。
請求項3に係る本発明の電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法は、セルロースを主とした繊維材料を抄紙する工程と、前記抄紙体を脱水するとともに、この脱水工程で前記抄紙体の表面に、撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を噴霧し多層化する工程と、前記脱水工程で多層化した抄紙体を所定形状に成形する工程とを備えてなることを特徴とする。
請求項4に係る本発明の電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法は、セルロースを主とした繊維材料を抄紙する工程と、前記抄紙体表面に撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を脱水粉末化させた粉末体を塗布し、かつそれを湿潤状態にする工程と、前記湿潤状態の抄紙体を脱水する工程と、前記脱水された抄紙体を所定形状に成形する工程とを備えてなることを特徴とする。
請求項5に係る本発明の電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法は、請求項1、2、3または4記載の電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法において、撹拌培養されてなるバクテリアセルロースを基材としたゾル状懸濁液の平均繊維幅が50〜100nmまたはほぼ20nmレベルであることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer according to the first aspect of the present invention is produced on the surface of a diaphragm base material composed of a diaphragm fiber material mainly composed of cellulose by a stirring culture method. A layer composed of a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose made as a raw material is integrated to form a multilayer structure of a base material and bacterial cellulose.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer according to the present invention, comprising: a step of making a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose; a step of dehydrating the papermaking body; and a surface of the dehydrated papermaking body. , A step of spraying a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose produced by a stirring culture method and multilayering; a step of dehydrating the multilayered papermaking body; and a papermaking body of the dehydrated multilayered structure And a step of forming the substrate into a predetermined shape.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer according to the present invention, wherein a step of papermaking a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, and dehydrating the papermaking body. A step of spraying a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose produced by a stirring culture method to form a multilayer, and a step of forming the multilayered paper body in the dehydration step into a predetermined shape It is characterized by.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer according to the present invention, comprising a step of papermaking a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, and a bacterial cellulose produced by stirring culture on the surface of the papermaking body. A step of applying a powder body obtained by dehydrating a sol-like suspension and making it wet, a step of dehydrating the wet paper body, and molding the dehydrated paper body into a predetermined shape And a step of performing.
The method for producing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer of the present invention according to claim 5 is the method for producing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, and is based on bacterial cellulose formed by stirring and culture. The average fiber width of the sol-like suspension used as a material is 50 to 100 nm or approximately 20 nm level.

請求項1記載の本発明によれば、セルロースを主とした振動板繊維材料で構成された振動板基板の表面に、撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースの層を強固に一体化させた多層構造とすることができる。また、この撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースは、ヤング率、比曲げ剛性が高く、振動の伝播速度も速く適度な内部損失を有するため、良好な音響特性を得ることができる。
請求項2、3記載の本発明によれば、スプレーするにあたり、多層の材料として静置培養によるゲル状のバクテリアセルロースを離解して調整した溶液でなく、撹拌培養されてなるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を用いるため、離解工程が不要となり、生産性が向上するので、生産コストを低減し得る。
また、撹拌培養してなるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液は、繊維幅が小さく分散性、流動性が優れているため、噴霧性が良く均質に塗布することができ、性能が向上し、かつ外観も向上する利点がある。
請求項4記載の本発明によれば、少量を均質に薄膜状に塗布することができ、軽さや薄さが要求される高域用振動板やヘッドホン用振動板にも適用できる。
請求項5記載の本発明によれば、上記請求項1〜4記載の効果を得ることができる。
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a multilayer structure is obtained in which a bacterial cellulose layer formed by a stirring culture method is firmly integrated on the surface of a diaphragm substrate made of a diaphragm fiber material mainly composed of cellulose. be able to. In addition, bacterial cellulose produced by this agitation culture method has high Young's modulus and specific bending rigidity, has a high vibration propagation speed, and has an appropriate internal loss. Therefore, good acoustic characteristics can be obtained.
According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, when spraying, the bacterial cellulose obtained by stirring and culturing is not a solution prepared by disaggregating gelled bacterial cellulose by stationary culture as a multilayer material. Since the sol-like suspension is used, the disaggregation step is not required and the productivity is improved, so that the production cost can be reduced.
In addition, sol-like suspensions made from bacterial cellulose that is stirred and cultured have a small fiber width and excellent dispersibility and fluidity, so that sprayability is good and can be applied uniformly, improving performance. In addition, there is an advantage that the appearance is improved.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a small amount can be applied uniformly in the form of a thin film, and can be applied to a diaphragm for a high frequency band and a diaphragm for headphones that require lightness and thinness.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the effects of the first to fourth aspects can be obtained.

(a)撹拌培養によるバクテリアセルロースの水分散状態の顕微鏡による観察画像の概略図、(b)は静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースゲルを離解した状態の同概略図を示す。(A) Schematic diagram of microscopic observation image of bacterial cellulose in water-dispersed state by stirring culture, (b) shows the same schematic diagram of a state where bacterial cellulose gel is disaggregated by stationary culture method. 本発明の実施例1の製造工程を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the manufacturing process of Example 1 of this invention. (a)コーン状の振動板基材の表面に撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースをスプレー噴霧する状態を示す説明図、(b)は出来上がった振動板の概略断面図。(A) Explanatory drawing which shows the state which sprays and sprays bacterial cellulose by a stirring culture method on the surface of a corn-shaped diaphragm base material, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the completed diaphragm. (a)は通常の抄紙振動板の表面のSEM画像、(b)は撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースをスプレー噴霧した振動板の表面がバクテリアセルロース層のSEM画像。(A) is an SEM image of the surface of a normal papermaking diaphragm, and (b) is an SEM image of the surface of the diaphragm sprayed with bacterial cellulose sprayed by the stirring culture method. (a)は通常の抄紙振動板の断面図、(b)は撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースをスプレー噴霧した振動板の断面図を示す。(A) is a sectional view of a normal papermaking diaphragm, and (b) is a sectional view of a diaphragm sprayed with bacterial cellulose by the stirring culture method. (a)は撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液をスプレー塗布した振動板の平面を示す。(b)は静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースをスプレー塗布した振動板の平面を示す。(A) shows the plane of the diaphragm which spray-coated the sol suspension which used the bacterial cellulose by the stirring culture method as a raw material. (B) shows the plane of the diaphragm which spray-coated bacterial cellulose by the stationary culture method. スプレーなしのスピーカと、従来のバクテリアセルロースの離解溶液をスプレーしたスピーカとの周波数特性を対比した説明図。Explanatory drawing which contrasted the frequency characteristic of the speaker without a spray, and the speaker which sprayed the disaggregation solution of the conventional bacterial cellulose. スプレーなしのスピーカと、撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液をスプレーした本発明品との周波数特性を対比した説明図。Explanatory drawing which contrasted the frequency characteristic of the speaker of this invention which sprayed the sol-like suspension which made the bacterial cellulose the raw material by the stirring culture method, and the speaker without a spray. 本発明の実施例2における製造工程を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the manufacturing process in Example 2 of this invention.

本発明者は、スプレー溶液として静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースの離解溶液を用いる場合、前述したように種々の問題点があるが、試行錯誤の結果、撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液をセルロースを主とした振動板繊維材料で構成されたスピーカ用振動板基材に用いると、この撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースは溶液に対する分散性、流動性が良いため、そのゾル状懸濁液を、後述する図2による製法に基づいてセルロースを主とした振動板基材の表面にスプレーすると好適な結果が得られることを見出した。   The present inventor has various problems as described above when using a bacterial cellulose disaggregation solution by a stationary culture method as a spray solution, but as a result of trial and error, a sol made from bacterial cellulose by a stirring culture method is used. When the suspension is used for a diaphragm substrate for loudspeakers composed of cellulose fiber materials mainly composed of cellulose, the bacterial cellulose produced by this stirring culture method has good dispersibility and fluidity in the solution. It has been found that when the suspension is sprayed on the surface of the diaphragm base material mainly composed of cellulose based on the manufacturing method according to FIG.

また、撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースとして、北海道大学大学院工学研究院の研究グループによって開発された新規な「バクテリセルロース」があり、それを基に、更に「発酵ナノセルロース(バクテリアセルロース)」が開発された。このバクテリアセルロースは国際公開番号WO 2014/104318 A1として出願されている。   In addition, there is a new “bacterial cellulose” developed by the research group of Hokkaido University Graduate School of Engineering as bacterial cellulose by the stirring culture method. Based on this, “fermented nanocellulose (bacterial cellulose)” was further developed. It was. This bacterial cellulose has been filed under the international publication number WO 2014/104318 A1.

このバクテリアセルロースはより微細であるため、非常に均一な水分散液を得ることができる。   Since this bacterial cellulose is finer, a very uniform aqueous dispersion can be obtained.

通常の撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースは、平均繊維幅が50〜100nmであるが、北海道大学大学院工学研究院の研究グループによって開発された「発酵ナノセルロース(バクテリアセルロース)」は、より繊維幅が小さくほぼ20nmレベルであり、分散性が優れており均一化している。これらは酢酸菌の種類、培地の組成(特にCMC(カルボキシメチルセルロースの量))、撹拌状態、PHなどの培養条件による。このため、培養条件を適宜設定することにより所望のバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を得ることが可能である。   Bacterial cellulose produced by ordinary agitation culture has an average fiber width of 50 to 100 nm, but “fermented nanocellulose (bacterial cellulose)” developed by a research group at Hokkaido University Graduate School of Engineering has a smaller fiber width. The level is almost 20 nm, and the dispersibility is excellent and uniform. These depend on the type of acetic acid bacteria, the composition of the medium (particularly CMC (the amount of carboxymethylcellulose)), the stirring state, and the culture conditions such as PH. For this reason, it is possible to obtain a desired bacterial cellulose sol suspension by appropriately setting the culture conditions.

本発明者は、これらのゾル状懸濁液をセルロースが主となる振動板繊維材料で構成されたスピーカ用振動板に適用すると、軽量で、かつ高剛性で優れたスピーカ用振動板が容易に得られることに着目した。   When the present inventor applies these sol suspensions to a speaker diaphragm composed of a diaphragm fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, a speaker diaphragm that is lightweight and highly rigid can be easily obtained. We focused on what we get.

図1(a)は、顕微鏡で見た撹拌培養法による平均繊維幅がほぼ20nmのバクテリアセルロースの分散状態、(b)は静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースゲルを離解した状態の分散状態を示す。   FIG. 1 (a) shows a dispersed state of bacterial cellulose having an average fiber width of about 20 nm by a stirring culture method viewed with a microscope, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a dispersed state in a state in which the bacterial cellulose gel is disaggregated by a stationary culture method.

これらの比較からわかるように撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液の方がバクテリアセルロースの分散が良いことがわかる。   As can be seen from these comparisons, it is understood that the bacterial cellulose dispersion is better in the sol suspension of bacterial cellulose by the stirring culture method.

バクテリアセルロース濃度0.1%にて作製した撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースと、静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースによって抄紙した紙の振動リード法により測定した物性を下表に示す。   The following table shows the physical properties of the bacterial cellulose produced by stirring culture method prepared at a bacterial cellulose concentration of 0.1% and the paper measured by the vibration lead method using bacterial cellulose produced by stationary culture method.

振動リード法による物性測定結果
Physical property measurement results by vibration lead method

上記から明らかなように、ヤング率、音速について撹拌培養によるバクテリアセルロースの方が静置培養によるバクテリアセルロースより物性が優れており、また適度な内部損失を有しており振動板物性として適していることがわかる。   As is apparent from the above, the bacterial cellulose obtained by stirring culture is superior to the bacterial cellulose obtained by stationary culture in terms of Young's modulus and sound velocity, and has appropriate internal loss and is suitable as a diaphragm physical property. I understand that.

本発明の製造方法は、大別すると、セルロースを主とした繊維材料からなる、いわゆる紙製の振動板を得る工程と、この振動板にスプレーする撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液の作製工程とからなる。以下、これらについて説明する。   The production method of the present invention can be broadly divided into a step of obtaining a so-called paper diaphragm made of a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, and a bacterial cellulose sol suspension by a stirring culture method of spraying on the diaphragm. The manufacturing process. Hereinafter, these will be described.

まず、セルロースを主とした繊維材料からなる基材部分を次のようにして作製した。   First, a base material portion made of a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose was produced as follows.

NBPK(パルプ)を叩解度30°SRに叩解したパルプを約0.1%に調液し振動板形状に抄紙し、基材部分を得る。   A pulp obtained by beating NBPK (pulp) to a beating degree of 30 ° SR is adjusted to about 0.1%, and is made into a diaphragm shape to obtain a base material portion.

また、撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液は、Gluconacetobacter intermedius NEDO-1株(寄託番号NITE BP-01495)で特定される菌により下記培養条件によって作製した。   Also, a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose by the stirring culture method was prepared under the following culture conditions using a bacterium identified by Gluconacetobacter intermedius NEDO-1 strain (deposit number NITE BP-01495).

2.0%のCMC(カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム)を含むヘストリン&シュラム(HS)培地(グルコース2.0%、バクトペプトン0.5%、酵母エキス0.5%、Na2HPO4 0.27%、クエン酸0.115%)を培地とし、本菌を前培養した。   Hestrin & Schlum (HS) medium containing 2.0% CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose) (glucose 2.0%, bactopeptone 0.5%, yeast extract 0.5%, Na2HPO4 0.27%, citric acid 0 115%) was used as a medium, and the bacterium was precultured.

次に、前培養液を5Lの培地に植菌して、ファーメンターを用いて、通気量7〜10L/分、回転数200〜800rpm、温度30〜37℃の条件下にて、通気撹拌培養を3〜4日行った。   Next, the preculture solution is inoculated into a 5 L medium, and aerated and cultured using a fermenter under conditions of an aeration rate of 7 to 10 L / min, a rotation speed of 200 to 800 rpm, and a temperature of 30 to 37 ° C. For 3-4 days.

得られた培養液を2倍量程度に加水し、終濃度で1.0〜4.0%となるように水酸化ナトリウムを添加した。その後、60〜90℃、80rpm、4〜6時間処理して菌体を溶解した。   The obtained culture broth was added to about twice the amount, and sodium hydroxide was added so that the final concentration was 1.0 to 4.0%. Then, it processed at 60-90 degreeC, 80 rpm, and 4 to 6 hours, and melt | dissolved the microbial cell.

これを遠心分離に供した後、上清を除去して沈殿物を回収することにより、水溶性の菌体成分を除去した。そこに超純水を加えて遠心分離を行った後、上清を除去する操作を、湿潤状態で沈殿物のpHが7以下となるまで繰り返し行うことにより生産物を精製し、バイオセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を得た。   After subjecting this to centrifugation, the supernatant was removed and the precipitate was collected to remove water-soluble bacterial cell components. After the ultrapure water is added and centrifuged, the operation of removing the supernatant is repeated until the pH of the precipitate becomes 7 or less in a wet state to purify the product, and the biocellulose sol A suspension was obtained.

そして、抄紙された基材部分を真空脱水により基材含水率77%程度にしたものに対してスプレーガンにより、上記撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を濃度0.1%となるように調整した水分散液を塗布し、脱水後、200℃に加熱した金型にてプレスしてバクテリアセルロースが表面に層状に配置された振動板を得た。なお、スプレー噴霧に際し、パルプ重量に対してゾル状の分散液重量はバクテリアセルロースが0.5%となるようにスプレー塗布量を調整した。しかる後、脱水し、所定形状にプレスする。   Then, a paper-made base material portion having a base water content of about 77% by vacuum dehydration is sprayed to a concentration of 0.1% of the bacterial cellulose sol suspension by the stirring culture method. The aqueous dispersion prepared as described above was applied, dehydrated, and pressed with a mold heated to 200 ° C. to obtain a diaphragm in which bacterial cellulose was arranged in layers on the surface. In spray spraying, the amount of spray coating was adjusted so that the weight of the sol-like dispersion liquid was 0.5% of bacterial cellulose with respect to the pulp weight. Thereafter, it is dehydrated and pressed into a predetermined shape.

なお、塗布にあたっては、均質なゾル状の分散液を用いるため、適宜薄膜状の少量塗布、大量塗布ができ、本発明では塗布量の調整幅が広い。また、振動板に対して部分的に塗布することも可能である。   In addition, since a uniform sol-like dispersion is used for coating, a small amount of thin film and a large amount of coating can be appropriately performed. In the present invention, the adjustment range of the coating amount is wide. It is also possible to apply partially to the diaphragm.

図2はその製造工程を示す。   FIG. 2 shows the manufacturing process.

図3(a)は例えばコーンの形状に作製された振動板基材1に、スプレーガンのノズル2を介しゾル状BC懸濁液をスプレーしている状態を示す概略斜視図、(b)はその断面図である。撹拌培養によるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状のBC懸濁液は分散性、流動性が良く、ノズル2の詰まりはなく、噴霧のムラも生じない。また、少量塗布もしやすい。このようにして基材1とその上にゾル状BC懸濁液の層からなる二層状の振動板が得られる。この場合、振動板基材1とバクテリアセルロースはセルロースのため、両セルロース間は水素結合により、層間を強固に一体化し得る。また、パルプ繊維等よりもバクテリアセルロースははるかに細かいため振動板基材1界面に塗布したバクテリアセルロースは振動板基材1表面付近で入り込むことで、更に構造的にも強固に一体化する。   FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a sol-like BC suspension is sprayed through a nozzle 2 of a spray gun onto a diaphragm base 1 made in, for example, a cone shape, and FIG. FIG. A sol-form BC suspension made of bacterial cellulose by stirring culture has good dispersibility and fluidity, and the nozzle 2 is not clogged, and spray irregularity does not occur. It is also easy to apply a small amount. In this way, a two-layer diaphragm comprising the substrate 1 and a sol-form BC suspension layer thereon is obtained. In this case, since the diaphragm base material 1 and bacterial cellulose are cellulose, the layers can be firmly integrated by hydrogen bonding between the two celluloses. In addition, since bacterial cellulose is much finer than pulp fibers and the like, the bacterial cellulose applied to the interface of the diaphragm base material 1 penetrates near the surface of the diaphragm base material 1 to be more firmly integrated structurally.

図4(a)は、パルプのみからなる抄紙振動板表面のSEM画像を示す。(b)は、振動板基材1の表面に撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースゾル状懸濁液を噴霧した振動板の表面のSEM画像である。   Fig.4 (a) shows the SEM image of the papermaking diaphragm surface which consists only of pulp. (B) is the SEM image of the surface of the diaphragm which sprayed the bacterial cellulose sol suspension which consists of a stirring culture method on the surface of the diaphragm base material 1. FIG.

図5は振動板の断面で、(a)は図4(a)の断面SEM画像を、(b)は図4(b)の断面SEM画像を示す。   5A and 5B are cross sections of the diaphragm. FIG. 5A shows a cross-sectional SEM image of FIG. 4A, and FIG. 5B shows a cross-sectional SEM image of FIG.

これらから撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液は超微細のため、全面に均一に配置されかつ表面は平滑で高密度であることが分かる。   From these, it can be seen that the sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose by the stirring culture method is ultrafine, so that it is uniformly arranged on the entire surface and the surface is smooth and dense.

図6(a)は撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を振動板基材表面にスプレーした振動板の平面の外観を示す。この場合、表面は噴霧のムラがない。一方、静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を用いたものは、(b)に示すように、表面に噴霧のムラが生じ、外観が不良である。   FIG. 6A shows a planar appearance of a diaphragm in which a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose is sprayed on the surface of the diaphragm base material by a stirring culture method. In this case, the surface has no spray unevenness. On the other hand, those using a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose by a stationary culture method, as shown in FIG.

図7は16cmフルレンジスピーカの周波数特性を示す。破線Aはスプレー塗装なしのもの、実線Bは従来のバクテリアセルロースを含む離解溶液をスプレー塗装したものである。スプレー塗装した場合、しないものに比べ、ピーク、ディップは小さくなり、3kHz以上で高域側にシフトしている。   FIG. 7 shows the frequency characteristics of a 16 cm full range speaker. The broken line A is a thing without spray coating, and the continuous line B is what sprayed the disaggregation solution containing the conventional bacterial cellulose. In the case of spray coating, the peak and dip are smaller than those without, and shifts to the high frequency side at 3 kHz or more.

図8は、スプレーなしのものと(破線A)と、撹拌培養法によるバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液をスプレー塗装した本発明品Cとの周波数特性の比較を示す。図8から明らかなように、本発明品Cはスプレーなしのものに比べ、ピーク、ディップは小さくなり、かつ図7における実線Bの静置培養法によるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液をスプレーしたものに比べ3kHz以上、高域側にシフトし、高域の伸びが良くなっている。   FIG. 8 shows a comparison of frequency characteristics between the non-sprayed one (dashed line A) and the product C of the present invention spray-coated with a sol suspension made of bacterial cellulose by a stirring culture method. As is clear from FIG. 8, the product C of the present invention has smaller peaks and dips than those without the spray, and sprayed with a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose by the stationary culture method indicated by the solid line B in FIG. It shifts to 3kHz or higher to the high frequency side, and the high frequency is improved.

以上のように、本発明品は、外観も良好となり、かつ周波数特性も向上するといった利点がある。   As described above, the product of the present invention has the advantages that the appearance is good and the frequency characteristics are improved.

第1実施例では、抄紙し、脱水後に撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を噴霧したが、この実施例2では、図9に示すように、脱水しながら同時に抄紙表面に撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を噴霧したことに特徴を有している。   In the first embodiment, paper was made and sprayed with a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose consisting of a stirring culture method after dehydration. In this Example 2, as shown in FIG. It is characterized by spraying a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose consisting of a culture method.

この場合も抄紙全面にバクテリアセルロースが配置され、かつ表面は平滑で高密度となる。また、脱水と同時に撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を噴霧するため、振動板製造工程を短縮できるので、生産性が良い。   Also in this case, bacterial cellulose is disposed on the entire surface of the paper, and the surface is smooth and dense. Further, since a sol-like suspension of bacterial cellulose consisting of a stirring culture method is sprayed simultaneously with dehydration, the manufacturing process of the diaphragm can be shortened, so that productivity is good.

上記実施例1、2では、液状の撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を抄紙表面にスプレー噴霧したが、この実施例では、抄紙表面に、撹拌培養法からなるバクテリアセルロースのゾル状懸濁液を乾燥させ粉末化した状態で適宜の塗布手段によって抄紙したパルプ振動板表面に塗布し、水素結合させるためにバクテリアセルロースを湿潤状態に復元し、脱水し、プレスし、振動板を得るようにした。   In Examples 1 and 2, a bacterial cellulose sol suspension consisting of a liquid stirring culture method was sprayed onto the paper surface. In this example, the bacterial cellulose sol consisting of a stirring culture method was applied to the paper surface. The suspension is dried and pulverized, applied to the surface of the pulp diaphragm made by appropriate coating means, the bacterial cellulose is restored to a wet state for hydrogen bonding, dehydrated, pressed, and the diaphragm is I tried to get it.

すなわち、ゾル状懸濁液を真空凍結乾燥法により乾燥させ、粒径約40μmの微粉末を得た。そして、これをパウダーコーティングにより振動板基材の表面に塗布した。
この場合も撹拌培養したバクテリアセルロースの懸濁液を乾燥させた粉末は微細のため、振動板基材1の界面に塗布すると振動板基材1の表面付近に入り込むことで、強固に一体化した多層構造とすることができる。
That is, the sol suspension was dried by a vacuum freeze-drying method to obtain a fine powder having a particle size of about 40 μm. And this was apply | coated to the surface of the diaphragm base material by powder coating.
Also in this case, since the powder obtained by drying the suspension of bacterial cellulose that has been stirred and cultured is fine, when it is applied to the interface of the diaphragm base 1, it penetrates into the vicinity of the surface of the diaphragm base 1 and is firmly integrated. It can be a multilayer structure.

また、この実施例3では、ゾル状懸濁液を粉末化することにより、バクテリアセルロースゾル懸濁液のものと比べ、体積、重量が著しく小さくなるので、輸送、保管に際してスペース、コストが有利となる。また、粉末化しているので、振動板に部分的に付着させることができ局部的に層状の形態を変化させることもできるという利点がある。   Further, in this Example 3, since the volume and weight are significantly reduced by pulverizing the sol suspension as compared with the bacterial cellulose sol suspension, space and cost are advantageous for transportation and storage. Become. Further, since it is powdered, there is an advantage that it can be partially adhered to the diaphragm and the layered form can be locally changed.

なお、上記実施例では、2層構造の振動板について説明したが、例えばより剛性を高める目的で、2層以上の多層構造としても良いことは勿論である。   In the above embodiment, the two-layer diaphragm has been described. However, for example, a multilayer structure of two or more layers may be used for the purpose of increasing the rigidity.

1 振動板基材
2 ノズル
1 Diaphragm base material 2 Nozzle

Claims (5)

セルロースを主とした振動板繊維材料で構成された振動板基材の表面に、撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液からなる層を一体化させ、基材とバクテリアセルロースの多層構造としたことを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板。   A layer made of a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose made by a stirring culture method is integrated on the surface of a diaphragm substrate composed of a diaphragm fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, and the substrate and A diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer, characterized by a multilayer structure of bacterial cellulose. セルロースを主とした繊維材料を抄紙する工程と、前記抄紙体を脱水する工程と、前記脱水された抄紙体の表面に、撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を噴霧し、多層化する工程と、前記多層化した抄紙体を脱水する工程と、前記脱水された多層構造の抄紙体を所定形状に成形する工程とを備えてなることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法。   A step of paper-making a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, a step of dehydrating the paper-making body, and a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose produced by a stirring culture method on the surface of the dehydrated paper-making body An electroacoustic comprising: a step of spraying and multilayering; a step of dehydrating the multilayered papermaking body; and a step of molding the dewatered multilayered papermaking body into a predetermined shape. Manufacturing method of transducer diaphragm. セルロースを主とした繊維材料を抄紙する工程と、前記抄紙体を脱水するとともに、この脱水工程で前記抄紙体の表面に、撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を噴霧し多層化する工程と、前記脱水工程で多層化した抄紙体を所定形状に成形する工程とを備えてなることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法。   A process for making a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, and dehydrating the paper body, and a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose produced by stirring culture on the surface of the paper body in this dehydration step A process for producing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer, comprising: a step of spraying and multilayering; and a step of forming the paper body multilayered in the dehydration step into a predetermined shape. セルロースを主とした繊維材料を抄紙する工程と、前記抄紙体表面に撹拌培養法によって作製されたバクテリアセルロースを素材としたゾル状懸濁液を脱水粉末化させた粉末体を塗布し、かつそれを湿潤状態にする工程と、前記湿潤状態の抄紙体を脱水する工程と、前記脱水された抄紙体を所定形状に成形する工程とを備えてなることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法。   A step of paper-making a fiber material mainly composed of cellulose, and a powder body obtained by dehydrating and pulverizing a sol-like suspension made of bacterial cellulose produced by stirring culture on the surface of the paper-making body; A diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer, comprising: a step of making a wet state; a step of dehydrating the wet papermaking body; and a step of forming the dewatered papermaking body into a predetermined shape. Production method. 請求項1、2、3または4記載の電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法において、撹拌培養されてなるバクテリアセルロースを基材としたゾル状混濁液の平均繊維幅が50〜100nmまたはほぼ20nmレベルであることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板の製造方法。   5. The method for producing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein an average fiber width of a sol-like turbid liquid based on bacterial cellulose obtained by stirring and culturing is about 50 to 100 nm or about 20 nm. A method for manufacturing a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer, wherein:
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111294722A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-06-16 丰顺县飞浦声电子有限公司 Dustproof loudspeaker machining method

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JPH0423597A (en) * 1990-05-18 1992-01-27 Sony Corp Acoustic diaphragm and manufacture thereof
JPH0984175A (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-28 Sony Corp Acoustic diaphragm and its manufacture

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0423597A (en) * 1990-05-18 1992-01-27 Sony Corp Acoustic diaphragm and manufacture thereof
JPH0984175A (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-28 Sony Corp Acoustic diaphragm and its manufacture

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111294722A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-06-16 丰顺县飞浦声电子有限公司 Dustproof loudspeaker machining method

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