JP2016145492A - Underwater bedrock excavation method - Google Patents

Underwater bedrock excavation method Download PDF

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JP2016145492A
JP2016145492A JP2015023140A JP2015023140A JP2016145492A JP 2016145492 A JP2016145492 A JP 2016145492A JP 2015023140 A JP2015023140 A JP 2015023140A JP 2015023140 A JP2015023140 A JP 2015023140A JP 2016145492 A JP2016145492 A JP 2016145492A
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excavation
steel pipe
work floor
bedrock
rock
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JP6544556B2 (en
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昌利 宇野
Masatoshi Uno
昌利 宇野
日出夫 森
Hideo Mori
日出夫 森
隆 藤内
Takashi Tonai
隆 藤内
信一郎 末吉
Shinichiro Sueyoshi
信一郎 末吉
順一 朝山
Junichi Asayama
順一 朝山
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Shimizu Construction Co Ltd
Shimizu Corp
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Shimizu Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an underwater bedrock excavation method capable of more efficiently excavating an underwater bedrock such as dam lake bottom.SOLUTION: A underwater bottom is excavated by a down-the-hole hammer and a steel pipe pile 4 is erected. A work floor 5 is installed by making the steel pipe pile 4 support the work floor. The steel pipe piles 4 are erected and the work floors 5 are installed sequentially by using the work floor 5 installed previously, and a landing pier 1 is installed in an excavation target area R2. Multiple drilling holes 3 are drilled without overlapping on a bedrock in the excavation target area R2 from the landing pier 1 and the bedrock on which the multiple drilling holes 3 are drilled is excavated by an excavator. The work floors 5 and the steel pipe piles 4 are sequentially removed and multiple drilling holes 3 are drilled on the bedrock below the work floor 5 without overlapping and the bedrock is excavated by the excavator.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、ダム湖底などの水底の岩盤を掘削する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for excavating a bedrock such as a dam lake bottom.

高度経済成長期前後から多数建設されたダムは、経年的な劣化も認められ、我が国の優れた治水インフラを継続的に維持する観点から、リニューアル工事を随時行ってゆくことが必要になる。   Many dams constructed from around the period of high economic growth have also deteriorated over time, and it is necessary to carry out renewal work from time to time in order to maintain Japan's excellent flood control infrastructure.

一方、ダムのリニューアル工事を行う際には、ダムを支持する岩盤の掘削が必要になるケースが多々ある。そして、新設のダムであれば発破工法等を適用して岩盤掘削を行うことができるが、リニューアル工事においては、既設ダムを供用しながらの施工になるため、発破工法を適用することができない。   On the other hand, there are many cases where excavation of the bedrock that supports the dam is necessary when renovating the dam. And if it is a new dam, rock digging can be carried out by applying the blasting method, etc. However, in the renewal construction, the blasting method cannot be applied because the construction is performed while the existing dam is in service.

これに対し、ラップしながら岩盤を掘削し、またバケットで掘削土を搬出しながら掘削を進めてゆくＣＤ工法などのオールケーシング工法の適用が検討されている（特許文献１参照）。   On the other hand, the application of an all-casing method such as a CD method in which excavation is advanced while excavating soil with a bucket while excavating soil with a bucket is being studied (see Patent Document 1).

特開平０７−２９３１６７号公報JP 07-293167 A

しかしながら、ＣＤ工法などのオールケーシング工法の適用する場合には、岩盤が固いと、ＣＤ工法の前にダウンザホール工法（ダウンザホールハンマーを用いた補助工法）が必要になることが多く、高コスト、工期の長期化を招くおそれがある。   However, when all-casing methods such as the CD method are applied, if the bedrock is hard, the down-the-hole method (auxiliary method using the down-the-hole hammer) is often required before the CD method, resulting in high costs and a long construction period. There is a risk that

また、ダウンザホール工法は、そのような岩盤にも対応できるが、施工位置を精度よく調整することが非常に難しい。このため、現状では施工性の面も含め、補助工法への適用に限られている。   The down-the-hole method can also be used for such rocks, but it is very difficult to adjust the construction position with high accuracy. For this reason, at present, it is limited to the application to the auxiliary construction method, including the workability.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑み、より効率的にダム湖底などの水底の岩盤を掘削することを可能にした水底の岩盤掘削方法を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for excavating a rocky bottom, which makes it possible to more efficiently excavate a rocky bottom such as a dam lake bottom.

上記の目的を達するために、この発明は以下の手段を提供している。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

本発明の水底の岩盤掘削方法は、水底の岩盤を掘削する方法であって、ダウンザホールハンマーで掘削するとともに鋼管杭を建て込み、該鋼管杭に支持させて作業床を設置し、先行設置した前記作業床を用いて順次前記鋼管杭の建て込み、前記作業床の設置を行って掘削対象領域に桟橋を設置し、前記桟橋から掘削対象領域の岩盤に複数の掘削孔をラップさせずに穿設し、該複数の掘削孔を穿設した岩盤を掘削機で掘削するとともに、順次前記作業床及び前記鋼管杭を撤去しながら前記作業床の下方の岩盤に複数の掘削孔をラップさせずに穿設し前記掘削機で掘削してゆくことを特徴とする。   The method of excavating a rock bed of the bottom of the present invention is a method of drilling a rock bed of the bed, drilling with a down-the-hole hammer and building a steel pipe pile, supporting the steel pipe pile, installing a work floor, Build the steel pipe piles sequentially using a work floor, install the work floor and install a pier in the excavation target area, and pierce without drilling a plurality of excavation holes from the pier to the rock in the excavation target area Then, excavating the bedrock having the plurality of excavation holes with an excavator and sequentially removing the work floor and the steel pipe pile without wrapping the plurality of excavation holes in the bedrock below the work floor. And excavating with the excavator.

また、本発明の水底の岩盤掘削方法においては、前記掘削対象領域の岩盤に複数の掘削孔をラップさせずに穿設する際に、ダウンザホール用テンプレートを用いることが望ましい。   In the method for excavating a rocky bottom of the present invention, it is desirable to use a down-the-hole template when drilling without drilling a plurality of excavation holes in the rock in the excavation target area.

本発明の水底の岩盤掘削方法においては、ダウンザホールハンマーで掘削するとともに鋼管杭を建て込み、作業床を掘削対象領域まで延設し、この作業床から掘削対象領域の岩盤に、ラップさせずに複数の掘削孔を穿設することで、クラブバケットなどを用いて掘削対象領域の岩盤を所定深度まで掘削することができる。   In the water bed excavation method of the present invention, excavation with a down-the-hole hammer and a steel pipe pile are built, the work floor is extended to the excavation target area, and a plurality of rocks are excavated from the work floor to the rock in the excavation target area. By drilling the excavation hole, the rock in the excavation target area can be excavated to a predetermined depth using a club bucket or the like.

そして、作業床、鋼管杭の撤去を行うとともに、順次掘削孔の穿設、岩盤の掘削を行ってゆくことで、水底の岩盤を効率的に掘削することが可能になる。   And while removing a work floor and a steel pipe pile, it becomes possible to excavate the bedrock underwater efficiently by drilling a drilling hole and excavating the bedrock sequentially.

本発明の一実施形態に係る岩盤の掘削方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the excavation method of the rock mass which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る岩盤の掘削方法の手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the procedure of the rock excavation method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る岩盤の掘削方法で用いるダウンザホール用テンプレートの一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the template for down the hole used with the excavation method of the rock mass concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

以下、図１から図３を参照し、本発明の一実施形態に係る水底の岩盤掘削方法について説明する。   Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a method for excavating a rock bed according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

ここで、本実施形態では、例えば、ダムのリニューアル工事を行うために、ダムを支持する水底の岩盤を掘削するものとして説明を行う。なお、本発明にかかる岩盤掘削方法は、ダムを支持する岩盤の掘削にその適用を限定する必要はなく、海底、川底、湖底など、水底に存在する岩盤を掘削するあらゆるケースに適用可能である。   Here, in this embodiment, for example, in order to perform a dam renewal construction, the description will be made on the assumption that a bedrock underwater that supports the dam is excavated. The rock excavation method according to the present invention does not need to be limited to the excavation of the rock supporting the dam, and can be applied to all cases of excavating the rock existing on the bottom of the sea such as the seabed, riverbed, and lake bottom. .

まずはじめに、本実施形態の水底の岩盤掘削方法では、図１及び図２示すように、陸地Ｒ１から掘削対象領域Ｒ２上に作業足場となる桟橋１を設置する。   First, in the bottom rock excavation method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a jetty 1 serving as a work scaffold is installed on the excavation target region R2 from the land R1.

このとき、図１、図２（ａ）〜図２（ｆ）に示すように、陸地Ｒ１からダム湖の岩盤Ｇの所定位置をダウンザホールハンマー２で掘削し、掘削孔３に鋼管杭４を建て込み、複数の鋼管杭４に支持させて作業床５を設置する。ここで、本実施形態では作業床５の前端側と後端側にそれぞれ１列ずつ５本の鋼管杭４を設置し、これら鋼管杭４で作業床５を支持する。なお、鋼管杭４の数を限定する必要はなく、例えば作業床５の前端側と後端側の両側端側に鋼管杭４を設置し、１列２本ずつの鋼管杭４作業床５を支持するようにしてもよい。   At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 (a) to 2 (f), a predetermined position of the rock G of the dam lake is excavated by the down-the-hole hammer 2 from the land R 1, and the steel pipe pile 4 is built in the excavation hole 3. The work floor 5 is installed by being supported by a plurality of steel pipe piles 4. Here, in this embodiment, five steel pipe piles 4 are installed in each row on the front end side and the rear end side of the work floor 5, and the work floor 5 is supported by these steel pipe piles 4. In addition, it is not necessary to limit the number of the steel pipe piles 4, for example, the steel pipe pile 4 is installed in the both ends of the front end side and the rear end side of the work floor 5, and the steel pipe pile 4 work floor 5 of every two rows is arranged. You may make it support.

次に、本実施形態の水底の岩盤掘削方法では、構築した桟橋１を適宜他の作業などに使用した後、図１、図２（ｇ）に示すように、最前方の作業床５（１スパン目の作業床５）を撤去する。そして、作業床５上に掘削機６を配置し、作業床５を撤去した部分の掘削対象領域Ｒ２の岩盤Ｇの所定位置をダウンザホールハンマー２で掘削する。   Next, in the water bed excavation method of this embodiment, after using the constructed jetty 1 for other work suitably, as shown to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (g), the foremost work floor 5 (1 Remove the working floor 5) of the span. Then, the excavator 6 is disposed on the work floor 5, and a predetermined position of the bedrock G in the excavation target region R <b> 2 of the portion where the work floor 5 is removed is excavated by the down-the-hole hammer 2.

このとき、図１、図２、図３（ａ）に示すように、ダウンザホールの掘削位置に応じた複数の貫通孔７が形成された鋼製のダウンザホール用テンプレート（孔あきプレート）８を作業床５を撤去した部分の掘削対象領域Ｒ２に設置する。このダウンザホール用テンプレート８の貫通孔７にダウンザホールハンマー２を配置して掘削してくことで、掘削対象領域Ｒ２に所望の間隔で精度よく整列配置して掘削孔３を穿設することができる。   At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3A, a steel down-the-hole template (perforated plate) 8 in which a plurality of through holes 7 corresponding to the down-the-hole excavation position is formed is used as a work floor. It installs in the excavation object area | region R2 of the part which removed 5. FIG. By arranging the down-the-hole hammer 2 in the through-hole 7 of the down-the-hole template 8 for excavation, the excavation hole 3 can be drilled in the excavation target region R2 with a precise alignment at a desired interval.

また、岩盤（地盤）Ｇの強度などに応じて、図３（ｂ）に示すような貫通孔７を千鳥配置して貫通孔７同士の距離を小さくしたダウンザホール用テンプレート８を用いるなどし、掘削孔３を密に配置するようにしてもよい。
なお、掘削孔３の数、配置は地盤Ｇの強度などに応じて決定すればよい。 Further, depending on the strength of the bedrock (ground) G, the down-the-hole template 8 in which the through holes 7 as shown in FIG. You may make it arrange | position the hole 3 closely.
In addition, what is necessary is just to determine the number and arrangement | positioning of the excavation hole 3 according to the intensity | strength of the ground G, etc.

次に、図２（ｈ）に示すように、ダウンザホール用テンプレート８を撤去し、テンプレートの先端側を支持していた鋼管杭4を撤去する。そして、複数の掘削孔３を穿設して強度を低下させた桟橋１前方の岩盤領域Ｒ２を桟橋１からグラブバケットで掘削してゆく。このようにグラブバケットで掘削して土砂を地上に繰り返し排除してゆくことにより、所望の深度まで岩盤領域Ｒ２全体を掘削する。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (h), the down-the-hole template 8 is removed, and the steel pipe pile 4 supporting the tip side of the template is removed. Then, the rock region R2 in front of the pier 1 where the strength is lowered by drilling a plurality of excavation holes 3 is excavated from the pier 1 with a grab bucket. In this way, the entire rock region R2 is excavated to a desired depth by excavating with a grab bucket and repeatedly removing earth and sand on the ground.

次に、桟橋１の最前方の作業床５（２スパン目の作業床５）を撤去するとともに、作業床５を撤去した部分の鋼管杭４を引き抜いて撤去する。   Next, the foremost work floor 5 (work span 5 of the second span) of the pier 1 is removed, and the steel pipe pile 4 of the part from which the work floor 5 has been removed is pulled out and removed.

このように２スパン目の作業床５及び鋼管杭４を撤去した段階で、ダウンザホール用テンプレート８を用い、桟橋１から岩盤領域Ｒに掘削孔３を穿設し、複数の掘削孔３を穿設して強度を低下させた領域Ｒ２全体の岩盤Ｇを、前述と同様、グラブバケットで所定の深度まで掘削する。   When the work floor 5 and the steel pipe pile 4 of the second span are removed in this way, the drill hole 3 is drilled from the jetty 1 to the rock mass region R using the down-the-hole template 8, and a plurality of drill holes 3 are drilled. Then, the rock G of the entire region R2 whose strength has been reduced is excavated to a predetermined depth with a grab bucket, as described above.

このような作業床５及び鋼管杭４の撤去、ダウンザホール用テンプレート８の設置、複数の掘削孔３の穿設、ダウンザホール用テンプレート８の撤去、クラブバケットでの掘削を繰り返し行うことで、図２（ｉ）、図２（ｊ）に示すように、陸地Ｒ側まで所定領域Ｒの岩盤Ｇを掘削する。   By repeatedly removing the work floor 5 and the steel pipe pile 4, installing the down-the-hole template 8, drilling a plurality of excavation holes 3, removing the down-the-hole template 8, and excavating with the club bucket, FIG. i) As shown in FIG. 2 (j), the rock G in the predetermined region R is excavated to the land R side.

したがって、本実施形態の水底の岩盤掘削方法においては、ダウンザホールハンマー３で掘削するとともに鋼管杭４を建て込み、作業床５を掘削対象領域Ｒ２まで延設し、この作業床５から掘削対象領域Ｒ２の岩盤Ｇに、ラップさせずに掘削孔３を穿設することで、クラブバケットなどを用いて掘削対象領域Ｒ２の岩盤Ｇを所定深度まで掘削することができる。   Therefore, in the water bed excavation method of the bottom of this embodiment, it excavates with the down the hole hammer 3, the steel pipe pile 4 is built, the work floor 5 is extended to the excavation object area | region R2, and the excavation object area | region R2 from this work floor 5 By drilling the excavation hole 3 in the rock G without wrapping, the rock G in the excavation target region R2 can be excavated to a predetermined depth using a club bucket or the like.

そして、作業床５、鋼管杭４の撤去を行うとともに、順次掘削孔３の穿設、岩盤Ｇの掘削を行ってゆくことで、水底の岩盤Ｇを効率的に掘削することが可能になる。   Then, by removing the work floor 5 and the steel pipe pile 4, and sequentially drilling the excavation hole 3 and excavating the rock G, it becomes possible to excavate the bedrock G in the bottom of the water efficiently.

以上、本発明に係る水底の岩盤掘削方法の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記の一実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。   As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of the water bed rock excavation method concerning this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said one Embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, it can change suitably.

１ 桟橋
２ ダウンザホールハンマー
３ 掘削孔
４ 鋼管杭
５ 作業床
６ 掘削機
７ 貫通孔
８ ダウンザホール用テンプレート
Ｇ 岩盤
Ｒ１ 陸地
Ｒ２ 掘削対象領域 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pier 2 Down-the-hole hammer 3 Excavation hole 4 Steel pipe pile 5 Work floor 6 Excavator 7 Through-hole 8 Down-the-hole template G Rock bed R1 Land R2 Excavation area

Claims (2)

水底の岩盤を掘削する方法であって、
ダウンザホールハンマーで掘削するとともに鋼管杭を建て込み、該鋼管杭に支持させて作業床を設置し、先行設置した前記作業床を用いて順次前記鋼管杭の建て込み、前記作業床の設置を行って掘削対象領域に桟橋を設置し、
前記桟橋から掘削対象領域の岩盤に複数の掘削孔をラップさせずに穿設し、該複数の掘削孔を穿設した岩盤を掘削機で掘削するとともに、
順次前記作業床及び前記鋼管杭を撤去しながら前記作業床の下方の岩盤に複数の掘削孔をラップさせずに穿設し前記掘削機で掘削してゆくことを特徴とする水底の岩盤掘削方法。 A method of drilling underwater bedrock,
Excavate with a down-the-hole hammer and build a steel pipe pile, install a work floor supported by the steel pipe pile, build the steel pipe pile sequentially using the work floor installed in advance, and install the work floor A pier in the area to be excavated,
Drilling a plurality of excavation holes without wrapping from the pier to the rock in the excavation target area, excavating the rock mass with the plurality of excavation holes drilled with an excavator,
A method of excavating a bedrock under water, wherein a plurality of excavation holes are not wrapped in a bedrock below the work floor while the work floor and the steel pipe pile are sequentially removed and drilled by the excavator. . 請求項１記載の水底の岩盤掘削方法において、
前記掘削対象領域の岩盤に複数の掘削孔をラップさせずに穿設する際に、ダウンザホール用テンプレートを用いることを特徴とする水底の岩盤掘削方法。 The method of excavating a rocky bottom of a rock according to claim 1,
A method of excavating a rocky bottom of a rock, wherein a down-the-hole template is used when drilling without drilling a plurality of excavation holes in the rock in the excavation target area.
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JP2019078018A (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-05-23 国立大学法人 東京大学 Mining device, marine resources lifting device provided with the same and marine resources lifting method
CN112195779A (en) * 2020-08-11 2021-01-08 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 Multifunctional trestle construction method suitable for thick pebble layer

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